Hi all 

Good day.

Can anyone tell me whether it is possible to view the signals once it is modified from its previous values without closing the simvision window. If possible kindly let me know the command for it(Linux).

 Is it possible to view the schematic for the code written?? Kindly instruct me.

 Thanks all.

S K S 

Using the EMX solver, X-FAB design engineers can efficiently develop next-generation RF technology for the latest communication standards (including sub-6GHz 5G, mmWave, UWB, etc.), which are enabling technologies for communications and electric vehicle (EV) wireless applications. (read more)

Melika Roshandell talks with David Malinak in a Microwaves & RF QuickChat video about the thermal challenges in today’s complex electronic designs and how the Celsius solver uniquely addresses them.(read more)

Microwaves & RF's David Maliniak interviews Sherry Hess of Cadence about recently announced products of Optimality and OnCloud.(read more)

A constraint is a user-defined property, or a rule, applied to a physical object, such as a net, pin, or via in a design. There are a number of constraints that can be applied to an object based on its type and behavior. For example, you can define t...(read more)

By combining finite element analysis with computational fluid dynamics, designers can perform complete thermal system analysis using a single tool.(read more)

Dear all,

Hi!

I'm trying to do a Harmonic Balance (HB) Large-Signal S-Parameter (LSSP) simulation to figure out the input impedance of a nonlinear circuit.

Through this simulation, what I want to know is the large-signal S11 only (not S12, S21 and S22).

So, I have simulated with only single port (PORT0) at input, but LSSP simulation is terminated and output log shows following text.

" Analysis `hb' was terminated prematurely due to an error "

The LSSP simulation does not proceed without second port.

Should I use floating second port (which is not necessary for my circuit) to succeed the LSSP simulation?

Does the LSSP simulation really need two ports?

Below figure is my HB LSSP simulation setup.

Additionally, Periodic S-Parameter (PSP) simulation using HB is succeeded with only single port.

What is the difference between PSP and LSSP simulations?

Hi I noticed that some figures from the old posts in the cadence blogs have been missing.

I think this problem happened before and Andrew Beckett asked the original author to fix the issue:

 Figures missing in the RF Design Blogs article of "Measuring Fmax for MOS Transistors" 

Some of these posts are quite valuable, and would be nice to have access to the figures, which are a very important part of some posts,

Thanks

Leandro

Read this blog for an overview to the Circuit physical verification and parasitic extraction design stage in the Custom IC Design methodology and the key design steps which can help you achieve this.(read more)

This blog introduces the new Voltus-XFi Custom Power Integrity Solution, a transistor-level EM-IR tool that enables designers to complete comprehensive analysis and debugging easily and quickly.(read more)

Which Analysis is Being Performed by Allegro in this Image?

A. Impedance

B. Coupling

C. Crosstalk

D. Return Path

E. Reflection

Simply answer by letter or include any reason to support your answer...

Dear Community,

In OrCAD X Profession, the workspace feature enables the users to store the libraries (Schematic Symbol, Footprint and PSpice Models) and Designs (Schematic and PCB layout) in the cloud workspace.

But storing these libraries and design are stored in servers in the USA, Europe, Asia and Japan Servers.

I don't want to store my designs in any of these servers instead I want to create the workspace in my local PC and store all my libraries and designs in the local workspace.

Is this possible, if possible then can anyone provide the steps/procedure or videos of how to do it?

Regards,

Rohit Rohan

Hai Community,

What are the differences between the Cadence OrCAD / Allegro 24.1 with the Altium Designer 24.

Can I get the grid matrix difference between these two tools?

Regards,

Rohit Rohan

Optimizing PCB thermal performance is essential in today’s high-density designs, as it ensures stability, prolongs component life, and prevents potential thermal issues. One of the first steps to achieving this is with strategic component placement. Positioning high-power components—such as regulators, power transistors, or processors—away from heat-sensitive parts can prevent thermal interference, and placing them near the edges of the PCB often helps dissipate heat more effectively. It’s also beneficial to group components by their heat generation, creating dedicated thermal zones that can manage localized heating and reduce impact on other areas of the board.

Using thermal vias is another effective technique. By placing thermal vias under components like BGAs or power ICs, heat can be transferred from the surface to internal layers or ground planes. Increasing the size and number of these vias, or using thicker plating, enhances heat conductivity and helps manage heat more evenly across layers in multilayer boards. Increasing copper thickness on the PCB also has a major impact. Opting for thicker copper layers (e.g., 2 oz or even 3 oz copper) significantly boosts the heat dissipation capabilities of power planes and traces, especially in high-current areas. Large copper planes, such as dedicated ground or power planes, are equally effective in spreading heat efficiently. Adding thermal pads directly beneath heat-generating components improves this heat distribution.

Thermal relief pads help regulate heat flow for through-hole components by controlling heat transfer, which reduces thermal stress during soldering and prevents excessive heat spread to nearby sensitive areas. Performing thermal analysis with software tools like Celsius can be invaluable, as it allows you to simulate and model heat distribution, spot potential thermal issues, and refine your design before finalizing it.

Using heat sinks and thermal pads provides a direct way to draw heat from high-power components. Heat sinks can be attached with thermal adhesives, screws, or clamps, while thermal interface materials (TIMs), such as thermal pads or conductive adhesives, further reduce thermal resistance, enhancing heat-transfer efficiency. Optimizing the PCB layer stackup is also a key factor. Dedicated ground and power layers improve heat conduction across the PCB, enabling heat transfer between layers, particularly in high-density and multilayer PCBs.

In designs with high power requirements, active cooling options like fans, blowers, or heat pipes can be essential, helping to direct airflow across the PCB and further improving heat dissipation. Adding ventilation slots around hot zones and considering passive cooling paths enhance natural airflow, making the design more thermally efficient. By combining several of these techniques, you can create a PCB that handles heat effectively, resulting in a robust, long-lasting, and reliable product.

Let us know if you’ve had any challenges with thermal management in your designs—I’d be glad to discuss further!

Socionext, a leader in SoC design, recently made significant strides in enhancing its design efficiency for a complex billion-gate project. Faced with the initial challenges of lengthy eight-day iterations and a protracted two-month timing signoff process, the objective was to reduce the iteration cycle to just three days. By integrating Cadence's cutting-edge solutions—Certus Closure Solution, Tempus Timing Solution, and Quantus Extraction Solution—Socionext achieved remarkable improvements.

Notably, the Tempus DSTA tool dramatically cut timing closure time by 73%, outperforming conventional single-machine STA methods. This achievement, combined with the synergistic use of Cadence's Certus Closure and Tempus Timing solutions, allowed Socionext to meet their ambitious three-day iteration target and double productivity. Additionally, integrating these solutions significantly decreased both human and machine resource needs, slashing memory and disk costs by up to 90% and halving engineering resources during the optimization and signoff phases.

For more on this collaboration, check out the "Designed with Cadence" success story video on Cadence's website and YouTube channel.

Also, don't miss the on-demand webinar "Fast, Accurate STA for Large-Scale Design Challenges," which provides a deeper dive into Socionext's breakthroughs and the innovative solutions that powered their success.

The world of electronics design thrives on efficient tools that bridge the gap between concept and silicon. Virtuoso Digital Implementation is a powerful ally for mixed-signal designs, which integrate both analog and digital components. This blog post will examine Virtuoso Digital Implementation's capabilities and explore how it can streamline your mixed-signal design workflow.

Virtuoso Digital Implementation in a Nutshell

Virtuoso Digital Implementation is a license package within the Cadence Virtuoso Design Platform. It offers a streamlined RTL-to-GDSII flow to implement smaller digital blocks within a mixed-signal design environment. Here's what makes Virtuoso Digital Implementation stand out:

• Focus on Small Digital Blocks: Optimized for digital blocks with an instance count of up to 50,000 (expandable to 150,000 with specific configurations), Virtuoso Digital Implementation is ideal for integrating digital logic into your analog-centric design.
• Leveraging Industry Leaders: Virtuoso Digital Implementation utilizes cut-down versions of the renowned Cadence Genus Synthesis Solution and Innovus Implementation System under the hood. This ensures you get access to proven technologies for logic optimization and place-and-route.
• Seamless Integration with the Virtuoso Environment: Virtuoso Digital Implementation's key advantage is its tight integration with the Virtuoso Layout Suite. You can launch the synthesis and place-and-route tools directly from the Virtuoso environment, eliminating the need to switch between platforms.

Benefits of Using Virtuoso Digital Implementation

 By incorporating Virtuoso Digital Implementation into your mixed-signal design flow, you can get several benefits:

• Simplified Workflow: Virtuoso Digital Implementation offers a centralized environment for both digital block implementation and layout editing within the Virtuoso environment. This reduces context switching and streamlines the design process.
• Faster Time-to-Market: Virtuoso Digital Implementation's streamlined workflow can significantly reduce design turnaround times, allowing you to get your product to market quicker.
• Improved Design Quality: Leveraging industry-leading synthesis and place-and-route engines from Cadence ensures high-quality digital block implementation within your mixed-signal design.

Who Should Consider Virtuoso Digital Implementation?

 Virtuoso Digital Implementation is a valuable tool for anyone working on mixed-signal designs with smaller digital blocks. It's particularly well-suited for:

• Analog IC designers who need to integrate digital logic into their designs.
• Circuit design teams working on mixed-signal applications like data converters, power management ICs, and RF transceivers.

Virtuoso Digital Implementation provides a compelling solution for designers working on mixed-signal projects. Its streamlined workflow, tight integration with the Virtuoso design platform, and access to proven digital design tools can significantly improve design efficiency and time-to-market. Virtuoso Digital Implementation is worth considering if you're looking to optimize your mixed-signal design flow.

I am here to help and guide you on how to learn more about Virtuoso Digital Implementation flow.

Welcome to Virtuoso Digital Implementation, an online course recently released. This course teaches implementing digital blocks using Cadence tools based on the Virtuoso Digital Implementation flow. Also, you can download a lab database after the lecture and get hands-on experience in each stage.

Want to Enroll in this Course?

We organize this Virtuoso Digital Implementation training for you as a "Blended" or "Live" training. Please reach out to Cadence Training for further information.

Register for the Online Training with the following steps:

• Log on to cadence.com with your registered Cadence ID and password.
• Select Learning from the menu > Online Courses.
• Search for Virtuoso Digital Implementation using the search bar.
• Select the course and click Enroll.

And don't forget to obtain your Digital Badge after completing the training!

Related Resources

Online Courses

• Cadence RTL-to-GDSII Flow v6.0
• Virtuoso Digital Implementation Training

Training Byte Videos

• How Do You Run Placement Optimization in the Innovus Implementation System?
• How to Run the Synthesis Without DFT?
• How to Run the Synthesis Flow with DFT?
• Creating Power Rings, Power Stripes, and Power Rails in the Innovus Implementation System
• How to Run Power Analysis and Analyze the Results in Innovus?

Happy Learning!

The traditional methods of power analysis lag by various shortcomings and challenges:

• Getting an accurate measure of RTL power consumption during design exploration
• Getting consistent power through the design progress from RTL to P&R.
• System-level verification tools are disconnected from the implementation tools that translate RTL to gates and wires.

The Cadence Joules RTL Power Solution closes this gap by delivering time-based RTL power analysis with system-level runtimes, capacity, and high-quality estimates of gates and wires based on production implementation technology. The Cadence Joules RTL Power Solution is an RTL power analysis tool that provides a unified engine to compute gate netlist power and estimate RTL power. The Joules solution delivers 20X faster time-based RTL power analysis and can analyze multi-million instance designs overnight, with impressive accuracy within 15% of signoff power.

Moreover, it integrates seamlessly with numerous Cadence platforms, eliminating compatibility and correlation issues! In addition, the Joules RTL Power Solution GUI (Graphical User Interface) helps you analyze/debug the power estimation/results using several GUI capabilities.

Want to take a tour of this power estimation world? Gear up to attend the training class created just for you to dive deep into the entire flow and explore this exciting power estimation method/flow with hands-on labs in two days!

Training

In the Joules Power Calculator Training course, you will identify solutions and features for RTL power using Cadence Joules RTL Power Solution. You will set up and run the RTL power flow with Joules RTL Power Solution and identify Joules's Graphical User Interface (GUI) capabilities. The training also explores how you can estimate power using vectorless power, stimulus flow, RTL Stim to Gate flow, and replay flow, and also interfaces Joules with Cadence's Palladium Emulation Platform. You will estimate power at the chip level and understand how to navigate the design and data mining using Joules.

The training also covers power exploration features and how to analyze ideal power and ODC-driven sequential clock gating. You will identify low-activity registers at the clock gate. You will also identify techniques to analyze power, generate various reports, and analyze results through Joules GUI. The training covers multiple strategies to debug low stimulus annotation and how you can better correlate RTL power with signoff. You also identify Genus-Joules Integration. In addition, we ensure that your learning journey is smooth with hands-on labs covering various design scenarios.

Lab Videos

To start you on your exciting journey as an RTL power analysis expert, we have created a series of short channel lab videos on our Customer Support site: Lab Demo: Setting Up and Running Basic RTL Power Flow in Joules RTL Power Solution (Video). You can refer to each lab module's instructions in demo format. This will help accelerate your tool ramp-up and help you perform the lab steps more quickly if you are stuck. You might be a beginner in the RTL power analysis world, but we can help you sail through it smoothly.

What's Next?

Grab your badge after finishing the training and flaunt your expertise!

Related Training

• Genus Low-Power Synthesis Flow with IEEE 1801
• Low-Power Synthesis Flow with Genus Stylus Common UI

Related Blogs

• Do You Want to Flaunt Your Expertise? Grab the Digital Badge Today!
• Become Cadence Certified
• Let's Replay the Process of Power Estimation with the Power of 'x'
• Let's Discover the Secret to Enhance Design's PPAC in a Single Cockpit
• What's Inside Joules Graphical User Interface
• Joules – Power Exploration Capabilities

Conformal ECO Designer enables you to implement RTL engineering change orders (ECOs) for pre- and post-mask layout and offers early ECO prototyping capabilities for driving critical project decisions.

Conformal ECO compares two designs and generates a functional patch that implements the changes between the two designs.

One major criterion for determining patch quality is whether the patch can meet timing closure. To determine this, you typically need to run the time-consuming process of incremental synthesis and place-and-route. Instead, Conformal can analyze path logic depth changes before and after ECO patch generation. This provides a faster way to evaluate timing impact in patch generation stages.

After the patch is created and applied, it is passed to Genus to optimize the patch.

During patch optimization, you can choose to do many things like:

• Keeping constants in the patch
• Allowing tie cell inversion
• Specifying tie cell types
• Preserve DFF cells and cell types in the patch
• Preserve all cells and nets in the patch
• Preserve clock buffer cell in the patch
• Turn on/off sequential constant and sequential merge in patch optimization
• Allowing phase mapping for DFFs
• Map to spare cells
• Force fix DRC before timing

What's Next?

Join the Conformal ECO course to:

• Explore the many options and capabilities of Conformal ECO
• Use Conformal Engineering Change Order (ECO) for flat and hierarchical designs
• Generate a functional ECO patch, apply it to a design, optimize it, and map it to a specified technology
• Run a hierarchical design through ECO and run a comparison to prove the ECO is equivalent
• Run a postmask ECO using Conformal ECO GXL

Make sure you have experience with Conformal Equivalence Checker or completed the Conformal Equivalence Checking course before taking this course.

The online class is free for all Cadence customers with a Cadence Learning and Support Portal account. If you don’t have a Cadence Support account, go to Registration Help or Register Now and complete the requested information. For instructor-led training sessions "Live" or "Blended" please contact Cadence Training.

Please don't forget to obtain your Digital Badge after completing the training. Add your free digital badge to your email signature or any social media and networking platform to show your qualities and build trust, making you and your projects even more successful.

The Cadence Cerebrus Intelligent Chip Explorer is a revolutionary, machine learning-driven, automated approach to chip design flow optimization. Block engineers specify the design goals, and Cadence Cerebrus will intelligently optimize the Cadence digital full flow to meet the power, performance, and area (PPA) goals in a completely automated way. Use Cerebrus Apps to optimize some aspects of the design as well.

Running a full RTL to GDSII flow, Cadence Cerebrus has a lot of possibilities and combinations of different tool settings to explore.

Using the knowledge from previous runs, combined with on-the-fly analysis within the flow, Cadence Cerebrus can assess many settings combinations and fine-tune the flow accordingly in a very efficient manner.

As technology advances, projects become bigger and way more complex than before. The ability of a single engineer to run simultaneously a large number of blocks in a traditional way is limited. Cadence Cerebrus allows a single engineer to work more efficiently and implement more blocks, while maintaining the same or even better PPA, using compute power.

Being such a revolutionary tool, integrating Cerebrus into your existing flow is surprisingly simple as it can wrap around any existing flow scripts.

Please join me in this course, to learn about the features and basics of Cadence Cerebrus Intelligent Chip Explorer.

We’ll walk through the tool setting stage, explain what is a primitive and how it effects our run, talk about the cost function and the run goals.

We’ll understand the concept of scenarios, learn how to analyze the results of the different runs, and compare them.

In addition, we’ll talk about basic debug rules and methods to analyze failures.

Sounds Interesting?

Please join our “live” one-day Cadence Cerebrus Intelligent Chip Explorer Training @Cadence Feldkirchen planned for October 9th, 2024!

For more details and registration, please contact Training Germany.

If you would like to have an instructor-led training session in another region please contact your local training department.

Become Cadence Certified

Cadence Training Services offers a digital badge for this training course. This badge indicates proficiency in a certain technology or skill and gives you a way to validate your expertise to managers and potential employers. You can highlight your expertise by adding this digital badge to your email signature or any social media platform, such as Facebook or LinkedIn.

Related Training

Innovus Block Implementation with Stylus Common UI

Related Training Bytes

Cerebrus Primitives (Video) 

How to Reuse Cerebrus (Video) 

Cerebrus - Verifying Distribution Script (Video)

How to distribute Cerebrus Scenarios (Video) 

Cerebrus Web Interface Monitor and Control (Video) 

How to Setup Cerebrus for a Successful Run (Video) 

Flow Wrapping: The Cadence Cerebrus Intelligent Chip Explorer Must Have (Webinar) (Video) 

Cerebrus Cost Functions (Video) 

Related Blogs

Training Insights: Cadence Cerebrus Webinar Recording Now Available!

Keep Up with the Revolution—Cadence Cerebrus Training

New to Equivalence Checking? Restart from the Basic Concepts

Training Insights - Free Online Courses on Cadence Learning and Support Portal

Training Insights – Important Facts You Should know About Our Cadence Learning and Support Portal

The Gulf region is making extensive reforms to its foreign investment landscape in an effort to attract foreign investors to sectors outside oil and gas, according to a recent report by PwC. 

India’s 2020 budget continues the process of opening up to overseas investment.

Once the powerhouse of the industrial US, the rust belt states have revived their economies with the help of foreign investment. 

The Egyptian capital Cairo led Africa in 2018, attracting 10 foreign business services investment projects, in its strongest performance since 2012. Joshua Crawford reports.

First Nations business Aldridge Railway Signals was named Exporter of the Year at Supply Nation’s Supplier Diversity Awards.

Celebrating National Hispanic Heritage Month reminds us how the wide range of perspectives and experiences among our employees makes us stronger both as a company and as a steward of the internet. In honor of this month, we are proud to recognize the stories of three of our Hispanic employees, and the positive impact they […]

The post Verisign Celebrates Hispanic Heritage Month appeared first on Verisign Blog.

The quantum computing era is coming, and it will change everything about how the world connects online. While quantum computing will yield tremendous benefits, it will also create new risks, so it’s essential that we prepare our critical internet infrastructure for what’s to come. That’s why we’re so pleased to share our latest efforts in […]

The post Verisign Provides Open Source Implementation of Merkle Tree Ladder Mode appeared first on Verisign Blog.

Every day, there are tens of thousands of domain names registered across the globe – often as a key first step in creating a unique online presence. Making that experience possible for Verisign-operated top-level domains (TLDs) like .com and .net is a powerful and flexible technology platform first introduced 25 years ago. Thanks to the […]

The post The Verisign Shared Registration System: A 25-Year Retrospective appeared first on Verisign Blog.

On October 20th, ICANN and Verisign renewed the agreement under which Verisign will continue to act as Root Zone Maintainer for the Domain Name System (DNS) for another 8-year term. The Root Zone sits atop the hierarchical architecture of the DNS and is essential to virtually all internet navigation, acting as the dynamic, cryptographically secure, […]

The post Verisign and ICANN Renew Root Zone Maintainer Service Agreement appeared first on Verisign Blog.

From call centers to factories to hospitals, AI is sweeping Japan. Undergirding it all: the exceptional resources of the island nation’s world-class universities and global technology leaders such as Fujitsu, The Institute of Science Tokyo, NEC and NTT. NVIDIA software — NVIDIA AI Enterprise for building and deploying AI agents and NVIDIA Omniverse for bringing Read Article

To provide high-quality medical care to its population — around 30% of whom are 65 or older — Japan is pursuing sovereign AI initiatives supporting nearly every aspect of healthcare. AI tools trained on country-specific data and local compute infrastructure are supercharging the abilities of Japan’s clinicians and researchers so they can care for patients, Read Article

Check here each week to keep up with the latest from John MacArthur's pulpit at Grace Community Church.

Check here each week to keep up with the latest from John MacArthur's pulpit at Grace Community Church.

Check here each week to keep up with the latest from John MacArthur's pulpit at Grace Community Church.

Check here each week to keep up with the latest from John MacArthur's pulpit at Grace Community Church.

Check here each week to keep up with the latest from John MacArthur's pulpit at Grace Community Church.

The Economic and Financial Crimes Commission has arraigned a man identified as Heart Chidozie Obum before the Ikeja Sexual Offences and Domestic Violence Court, presided over by Justice Ramon Oshodi, on five counts of forgery, stealing and obtaining money by false pretence to the tune of N72m. PUNCH Metro learnt on Tuesday that Obum allegedly

In line with its core values of educational development, environmental sustainability, alternative conflict resolution among others, the Boss Friendship Club (BFC), a Non- Governmental Organisation (NGO) in conjunction with World Dynasty Pageant, has initiated the Pan-African Girl Child Education campaign. At the flag off of the campaign in Abuja recently, District Governor of Boss Friendship Club in Nigeria, Dr Edet Ekpenyong, in his welcome address said the club through the campaign aims to support, contribute and sponsor over 10,000 girl children in Nigeria and other African countries, to ensure they achieve their educational pursuits which would enable them build their […]

One of the most important things that you need to do while you are at university is turn your assignments in on time. Your professor will give you a syllabus and it will tell you the plan for the semester. You will know when you have to do reading, when you have papers due, and when you have exams. Some weeks, you may have more than you can do. You can either plan ahead or get some help from essay writing services or a friend. The key is to make sure that you turn your work in on time. Continue […]

What a privilege and joy it is to worship the Lord here at Grace church. Patricia and I miss it when we’re not here; there&rsqu

Earlier in the service I read from the first chapter of Romans what is really a very, very shocking portion of Scripture just to remind you that Romans cha

U.S. President-elect Donald Trump has left little question about the sort of economic policies he will pursue when he is sworn in for a second term as president in January. The once-and-future president has promised to extend existing tax cuts and implement new ones; to pursue a deregulation agenda, particularly when it comes to energy production; to reinstate a strong protectionist trade policy, including substantial tariffs on imports; and to undertake a "mass deportation" program that would remove a large number of the millions of undocumented immigrants currently residing in the United States. While there may be little doubt about the kind of policies Trump will implement, the degree to which he will pursue them is an open question. "The problem that all economists are dealing with is they don't know how much of what Trump said on the campaign trail to take seriously," Steven B. Kamin, a senior fellow at the conservative-leaning American Enterprise Institute, told VOA. "They don't know if he's going to do a lot of these things, or if he is, how far he'll take it." When it comes to tariffs, Trump has promised across-the-board 10%-20% levies on all imports, and charges of up to 60% on goods coming from China, which experts warn would be economically ruinous. His rhetoric about fossil fuel extraction suggests he will drive up oil and gas production, even though the U.S. is currently producing more energy than it ever has. On immigration, he and his advisers have vacillated between suggesting that all undocumented people will be forcibly removed and describing a much more targeted operation. Tax policy One thing that appears certain is that Trump will work with Congress — which seems likely to be fully controlled by the Republican Party — to extend the tax cuts that became law as part of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, which he signed into law in 2017. Those tax cuts reduced the income taxes paid by many American workers and reduced taxable income by increasing the standard deduction. They also sharply cut the top business income tax bracket from 39% to 21%. Those provisions are all scheduled to expire over the next several years, some as soon as 2025, and Trump has proposed making them permanent. Trump has also floated the idea of other tax cuts, including further reducing the business income tax to a maximum of 15%, and making income from overtime wages, tips and Social Security payments nontaxable, all of which would reduce government revenues. Kamin said the stimulative impact of Trump's proposed additional tax changes would likely not be great, but the impact on the country's debt might be, because they will virtually guarantee additional government borrowing to finance deficit spending. "The real concern for folks that are concerned about the fiscal balance — and I'm one of them — is that by cementing in place large fiscal deficits as far as the eye can see, even in environments of strong economic activity when we should be running surpluses, that leads to increases in the debt," he said. "That, eventually, should lead to crowding out of private investment, rising interest rates, and more worries about the government's sustainability position," Kamin added. "But when the debt will reach a level that will be worrisome in that respect, nobody knows." Cost-cutting In theory, some of the deficit spending made necessary by large tax cuts could be offset by a reduction in government spending, something Trump has also floated on the campaign trail. In particular, the president-elect has proposed creating a Department of Government Efficiency, to be headed by Elon Musk, the billionaire founder of the electric car company Tesla and the rocket builder SpaceX, and the owner of X, the social network formerly known as Twitter. For his part, Musk has mused that it should be possible to slash federal spending by as much as $2 trillion per year, or about 30%. Reductions of that magnitude would require deep cuts to a vast array of programs, including elements of the social safety net such as Social Security and federal health programs like Medicaid. However, it is unclear how Trump would persuade even a Republican Congress to enact such a wide-ranging reduction in government services. Immigration policy If Trump follows through on a policy of mass deportation of undocumented immigrants, it is virtually certain to have a negative impact on economic sectors where they are present as laborers in significant concentrations, especially agriculture and construction, said Marcus Noland, executive vice president and director of studies at the Peterson Institute for International Economics. "If you take lots of people out of the labor force, you reduce the amount of output, because there's less labor available, and you raise prices," Noland told VOA. "These people are not distributed evenly across the United States economy," he said. "They're concentrated in agriculture and construction, so you would disrupt those sectors the most, especially if you combine it with tariffs." Trade policy Trump's tariff proposals, especially if he follows through with his maximalist proposals from the campaign trail, could be significantly damaging. While theoretically meant to stimulate American manufacturing, Noland warned that they could have the opposite effect. "Some modeling that I worked on suggest that those tariff policies, instead of reviving the industrial sector, will actually reduce industrial activity in the United States," he warned. Blanket tariffs on imports, and especially high levies on Chinese goods, would create severe challenges for U.S. manufacturers. "The reason is that you would increase the price of industrial inputs, and so, the United States would become a high-cost place to produce," he said. "Investment would fall — and investment is intensive in industrial materials — so, ironically, it has the opposite effect of what its proponents say."

President Joe Biden and Indonesian President Prabowo Subianto met Tuesday at the White House to strengthen U.S.–Indonesia ties. The meeting came days after Jakarta signed a maritime agreement with Beijing that critics say could lend credibility to China’s “nine-dash line” that reflects its expansive claims in the South China Sea. White House Bureau Chief Patsy Widakuswara has this report