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A fossil bone displaying features consistent with Down’s syndrome belonged to a Neanderthal child who survived beyond 6 years old, adding to evidence that these extinct humans cared for members of their community

Title: Pollen, Fruits, Veggies Help Trigger Oral Allergy Syndrome
Category: Health News
Created: 8/30/2007 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/30/2007 12:00:00 AM

Title: More Evidence Virus Plays Role in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome
Category: Health News
Created: 8/23/2010 6:10:00 PM
Last Editorial Review: 8/24/2010 12:00:00 AM

Title: Stress May Raise Risk of Premenstrual Syndrome
Category: Health News
Created: 8/26/2010 10:49:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/26/2010 10:49:44 AM

Title: First Biosynthetic Corneas Implanted
Category: Health News
Created: 8/26/2010 10:54:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/26/2010 10:54:57 AM

Title: 2 Cases Suggest Stem Cell Transplant Might Ease 'Stiff Person' Syndrome
Category: Health News
Created: 8/26/2014 4:36:00 PM
Last Editorial Review: 8/27/2014 12:00:00 AM

Title: Synthetic Fentanyl Fueling Surge in Overdose Deaths: CDC
Category: Health News
Created: 8/25/2016 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/26/2016 12:00:00 AM

Title: Restless Legs Syndrome Might Raise Risk of Suicide, Self-Harm
Category: Health News
Created: 8/23/2019 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/26/2019 12:00:00 AM

Title: 'Synthetic Pot' Laced With Rat Poison Lands People in the ER
Category: Health News
Created: 8/26/2019 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/27/2019 12:00:00 AM

Title: What Is the Life Expectancy of Someone With CLOVES Syndrome?
Category: Diseases and Conditions
Created: 8/26/2022 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/26/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: Scientists Create Synthetic Mouse Embryo With Brain, Beating Heart
Category: Health News
Created: 8/26/2022 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/26/2022 12:00:00 AM

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major global pathogen, causing lower respiratory tract disease in at-risk populations including young children. Antibodies form a crucial layer of protection from RSV disease, particularly in immunologically naïve infants. Such antibodies are derived from the mother via transplacental transfer and breast milk, but may be particularly low in high-risk infants such as those born preterm. Maternally derived antibodies can now be supplemented by the administration of anti-RSV monoclonal antibodies, while a rising wave of maternal and paediatric vaccine strategies are approaching. The implementation of these prophylactics may profoundly decrease the healthcare burden of RSV. In this article, we review the role of antibody-mediated immunity in protecting children from RSV. We focus on maternally derived antibodies as the main source of protection against RSV and study factors that influence the scale of this transfer. The role of passive and active prophylactic approaches in protecting infants against RSV are discussed and knowledge gaps in our understanding of antibody-mediated protection against RSV are identified.

ABSTRACTIntroduction:Health risks associated with short interpregnancy intervals, coupled with women’s desires to avoid pregnancy following childbirth, underscore the need for effective postpartum family planning programs. The antenatal period provides an opportunity to intervene; however, evidence is limited on the effectiveness of interventions aimed at reaching women in the antenatal period to increase voluntary postpartum family planning in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). This systematic review aimed to identify and describe interventions in LMICs that attempted to increase postpartum contraceptive use via contacts with pregnant women in the antenatal period.Methods:Studies published from January 2012 to July 2022 were considered if they were conducted in LMICs, evaluated an intervention delivered during the antenatal period, were designed to affect postpartum contraceptive use, were experimental or quasi-experimental, and were published in French or English. The main outcome of interest was postpartum contraceptive use within 1 year after birth, defined as the use of any method of contraception at the time of data collection. We searched EMBASE, Global Health, and Medline and manually searched the reference lists from studies included in the full-text screening.Results:We double-screened 771 records and included 34 reports on 31 unique interventions in the review. Twenty-three studies were published from 2018 on, with 21 studies conducted in sub-Saharan Africa. Approximately half of the study designs (n=16) were randomized controlled trials, and half (n=15) were quasi-experimental. Interventions were heterogeneous. Among the 24 studies that reported on the main outcome of interest, 18 reported a positive intervention effect, with intervention recipients having greater contraceptive use in the first year postpartum.Conclusion:While the studies in this systematic review were heterogeneous, the findings suggest that interventions that included a multifaceted package of initiatives appeared to be most likely to have a positive effect.

Simplified methods of acquisition and quantification would facilitate the use of synaptic density imaging in multicenter and longitudinal studies of Alzheimer disease (AD). We validated a simplified tissue-to-reference ratio method using SUV ratios (SUVRs) for estimating synaptic density with [¹¹C]UCB-J PET. Methods: Participants included 31 older adults with AD and 16 with normal cognition. The distribution volume ratio (DVR) using simplified reference tissue model 2 was compared with SUVR at short scan windows using a whole-cerebellum reference region. Results: Synaptic density was reduced in AD participants using DVR or SUVR. SUVR using later scan windows (60–90 or 70–90 min) was minimally biased, with the strongest correlation with DVR. Effect sizes using SUVR at these late time windows were minimally reduced compared with effect sizes with DVR. Conclusion: A simplified tissue-to-reference method may be useful for multicenter and longitudinal studies seeking to measure synaptic density in AD.

α-Synuclein (α-Syn) aggregation in Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites has emerged as a key pathogenetic feature in Parkinson's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, and multiple system atrophy. Various factors, including posttranslational modifications (PTMs), can influence the propensity of α-Syn to misfold and aggregate. PTMs are biochemical modifications of a protein that occur during or after translation and are typically mediated by enzymes. PTMs modulate several characteristics of proteins including their structure, activity, localization, and stability. α-Syn undergoes various posttranslational modifications, including phosphorylation, ubiquitination, SUMOylation, acetylation, glycation, O-GlcNAcylation, nitration, oxidation, polyamination, arginylation, and truncation. Different PTMs of a protein can physically interact with one another or work together to influence a particular physiological or pathological feature in a process known as PTMs crosstalk. The development of detection techniques for the cooccurrence of PTMs in recent years has uncovered previously unappreciated mechanisms of their crosstalk. This has led to the emergence of evidence supporting an association between α-Syn PTMs crosstalk and synucleinopathies. In this review, we provide a comprehensive evaluation of α-Syn PTMs, their impact on misfolding and pathogenicity, the pharmacological means of targeting them, and their potential as biomarkers of disease. We also highlight the importance of the crosstalk between these PTMs in α-Syn function and aggregation. Insight into these PTMS and the complexities of their crosstalk can improve our understanding of the pathogenesis of synucleinopathies and identify novel targets of therapeutic potential.

This review explores the concept of synergy in pharmacology, emphasizing its importance in optimizing treatment outcomes through the combination of drugs with different mechanisms of action. Synergy, defined as an effect greater than the expected additive effect elicited by individual agents according to specific predictive models, offers a promising approach to enhance therapeutic efficacy while minimizing adverse events. The historical evolution of synergy research, from ancient civilizations to modern pharmacology, highlights the ongoing quest to understand and harness synergistic interactions. Key concepts, such as concentration-response curves, additive effects, and predictive models, are discussed in detail, emphasizing the need for accurate assessment methods throughout translational drug development. Although various mathematical models exist for synergy analysis, selecting the appropriate model and software tools remains a challenge, necessitating careful consideration of experimental design and data interpretation. Furthermore, this review addresses practical considerations in synergy assessment, including preclinical and clinical approaches, mechanism of action, and statistical analysis. Optimizing synergy requires attention to concentration/dose ratios, target site localization, and timing of drug administration, ensuring that the benefits of combination therapy detected bench-side are translatable into clinical practice. Overall, the review advocates for a systematic approach to synergy assessment, incorporating robust statistical analysis, effective and simplified predictive models, and collaborative efforts across pivotal sectors, such as academic institutions, pharmaceutical companies, and regulatory agencies. By overcoming critical challenges and maximizing therapeutic potential, effective synergy assessment in drug development holds promise for advancing patient care.

Rare genetic conditions are challenging for the primary care provider to manage without proper guidelines. This clinical review is designed to assist the pediatrician, family physician, or internist in the primary care setting to manage the complexities of 16p11.2 deletion syndrome. A multidisciplinary medical home with the primary care provider leading the care and armed with up-to-date guidelines will prove most helpful to the rare genetic patient population. A special focus on technology to fill gaps in deficits, review of case studies on novel medical treatments, and involvement with the educational system for advocacy with an emphasis on celebrating diversity will serve the rare genetic syndrome population well.

T-lymphoblastic lymphoma (T-LLy) is the most common lymphoblastic lymphoma in children and often presents with a mediastinal mass. Lymphomatous suprarenal masses are possible but rare. Here, we discuss the case of a previously healthy 3-yr-old male who presented with mediastinal T-LLy with bilateral suprarenal masses. Following initial treatment, surgical biopsy of persisting adrenal masses revealed bilateral neuroblastoma (NBL). A clinical genetics panel for germline cancer predisposition did not identify any pathogenic variants. Combination large panel (864 genes) profiling analysis in the context of a precision oncology study revealed two novel likely pathogenic heterozygous variants: SMARCA4 c.1420-1G > T p.? and EZH2 c.1943G > C p.(Ile631Phefs*44). Somatic analysis revealed potential second hits/somatic variants in EZH2 (in the T-LLy) and a segmental loss in Chromosome 19p encompassing SMARCA4 (in the NBL). Synchronous cancers, especially at a young age, warrant genetic evaluation for cancer predisposition; enrollment in a precision oncology program assessing germline and tumor DNA can fulfill that purpose, particularly when standard first-line genetic testing is negative and in the setting of tumors that are not classic for common cancer predisposition syndromes.

PURPOSE

Chest pain frequently poses a diagnostic challenge for general practitioners (GPs). Utilizing risk stratification tools might help GPs to rule out acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and make appropriate referral decisions. We conducted a systematic review of studies evaluating risk stratification tools for chest pain in primary care settings, both with and without troponin assays. Our aims were to assess the performance of tools for ruling out ACS and to provide a comprehensive review of the current evidence.

α-Synuclein (AS) is a small presynaptic protein that is genetically, biochemically, and neuropathologically linked to Parkinson's disease (PD) and related synucleinopathies. We present here a review of the topic of this relationship, focusing on more recent knowledge. In particular, we review the genetic evidence linking AS to familial and sporadic PD, including a number of recently identified point mutations in the SNCA gene. We briefly go over the relevant neuropathological findings, stressing the evidence indicating a correlation between aberrant AS deposition and nervous system dysfunction. We analyze the structural characteristics of the protein, in relation to both its physiologic and pathological conformations, with particular emphasis on posttranslational modifications, aggregation properties, and secreted forms. We review the interrelationship of AS with various cellular compartments and functions, with particular focus on the synapse and protein degradation systems. We finally go over the recent exciting data indicating that AS can provide the basis for novel robust biomarkers in the field of synucleinopathies, while at the same time results from the first clinical trials specifically targeting AS are being reported.

Approximately 8.5%–16.2% of childhood cancers are associated with a pathogenic/likely pathogenic germline variant—a prevalence that is likely to rise with improvements in phenotype recognition, sequencing, and variant validation. One highly informative, classical hereditary cancer predisposition syndrome is Li–Fraumeni syndrome (LFS), associated with germline variants in the TP53 tumor suppressor gene, and a >90% cumulative lifetime cancer risk. In seeking to improve outcomes for young LFS patients, we must improve the specificity and sensitivity of existing cancer surveillance programs and explore how to complement early detection strategies with pharmacology-based risk-reduction interventions. Here, we describe novel precision screening technologies and clinical strategies for cancer risk reduction. In particular, we summarize the biomarkers for early diagnosis and risk stratification of LFS patients from birth, noninvasive and machine learning–based cancer screening, and drugs that have shown the potential to be repurposed for cancer prevention.

Let’s try and get you up to speed on the fascinating oddity that is simulation game Ecosystem, on the off chance that Nate's coverage of it hasn't stuck with you like an unwelcome brain parasite you’re nonetheless unwilling to get removed for fear of the lingering emptiness it might cause (he once described an eel as “a quaver with erectile dysfunction”). Broadly speaking, this game is Spore’s evolutionary-biology-degree-having cousin. It’s been in early access for about three years now, but with the latest "Crustacean" update, it’s just hit 1.0. Once again, carcinization has come for all things.

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“Synonymy is a non-profit, educational word game narrated by Richard Dawkins in which players are challenged to find the paths between random words through their network of synonyms. By taking the synonym of a word, and then a synonym of that synonym, and so on, you can ultimately arrive at any other word in the […]

Levels of certain cells, fatty molecules and proteins in the blood are different in people with chronic fatigue syndrome than in those without it, which could help doctors spot the condition sooner

A man from Eugene, Oregon, pleaded guilty to federal hate crimes on Tuesday after he spray-painted antisemitic graffiti on a synagogue in 2023 and 2024.

Researchers suspect the marine mammals may have been communicating across the vast distance

A Technology Development Story: meet the SYNERGY� Stent System engineers

Government of IndiaMinistry of FinanceDepartment of Revenue(Central Board of Indirect Taxes & Customs)North Block, New Delhi. Dated:30th October, 2024To All Principal Chief Commissioners/Chi

A long-awaited study of people with ME/CFS revealed differences in their immune and nervous system. The findings may offer clues about long COVID

Poachers, when caught stealing content from our website, always blamed the theft on an “intern” or “freelancer.” We always pretended to believe them.

The post Ah yes, the famous “intern did it” syndrome appeared first on Zeldman on Web and Interaction Design.

Cheltenham Gold Cup winner Synchronised has a chance to complete a rare double after remaining among the Grand National entries.

MIT chemists have devised a novel method for synthesizing complex compounds that were initially extracted from plants and have the potential as medlinkantibiotics/medlink,

Cuddle hormone, also known as oxytocin, produced naturally in the human body, is becoming a better alternative to long-term pain management in the middle of America's rising opioid issue.

Highlights: Significant correlations exist between cognitive abilities and changes in brain size in individuals wit

b Highlights:/b ul class="group-list punch-points" li The petition arose from the denial of diagnosing the treatment of CFS./li li Diagnosis,

Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients experienced significant symptom relief by reducing sugar and starch intake. This improvement was comparable to

Older people who feel sleepy during the day or show a lack of interest in activities due to sleep problems may be at a higher risk of developing a syndrome

IWMI, hosting the workshop, highlighted the importance of flood forecasting and early warning systems in mitigating flood impacts, considering the growing global trend of intensified heavy rainfall events due to climate change.

The post Flooding – Stakeholders strengthen synergy first appeared on International Water Management Institute (IWMI).

Leveraging genetic mapping, scientists pinpointed a gene on human chromosome 21 named Dyrk1a. In the mouse model of medlinkDown syndrome/medlink,

Chromosome 18q deletion syndrome is a medlinkrare genetic disorder/medlink, affecting about 1 in 40,000 to 55,000 individuals. It results from the

Accessory conduction pathways in the heart, associated with medlinkWolff-Parkinson-White syndrome/medlink, can lead to rhythm disturbances uncovered

Highlights: Heart issues during the holidays are often due to stress, and people being busy leaving them no ti

A newly identified gene pathway involving zinc in mice brings us one step closer to using zinc-based supplements to treat people with the rare disorder

It has happened sooner than expected. Scientists have managed to synthesize 1.08 million base pair chromosome of a modi

Mayo Clinic researchers are using AI and a cutting-edge 3D body scanner, originally designed for fashion, to predict medlinkmetabolic syndrome/medlink risk more accurately.

In children, researchers have discovered warning signs for more severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). (!--ref1--) Researchers from the Brigham