cro How much should we worry about the health effects of microplastics? By www.newscientist.com Published On :: Wed, 25 Sep 2024 23:06:49 +0100 A flurry of studies has found microplastics in nearly every organ in the human body, from the brain to the testicles. But very few have revealed whether these tiny bits of plastic impact our health Full Article
cro Nobel prize for medicine goes to the pair who discovered microRNA By www.newscientist.com Published On :: Mon, 07 Oct 2024 11:43:01 +0100 The 2024 Nobel prize in physiology or medicine has gone to Victor Ambros and Gary Ruvkun for their discovery that tiny pieces of RNA called microRNAs play a key role in controlling genes Full Article
cro The brain has its own microbiome. Here's what it means for your health By www.newscientist.com Published On :: Wed, 25 Sep 2024 17:00:00 +0100 Neuroscientists have been surprised to discover that the human brain is teeming with microbes, and we are beginning to suspect they could play a role in neurodegenerative disorders like Alzheimer's Full Article
cro One course of antibiotics can change your gut microbiome for years By www.newscientist.com Published On :: Tue, 29 Oct 2024 15:00:35 +0000 Antibiotics can reduce diversity in the gut microbiome, raising the risk of infections that cause diarrhoea - and the effects may last years Full Article
cro RFK Jr. launches online forum to crowdsource names for 4,000 Trump administration nominees By www.foxnews.com Published On :: Tue, 12 Nov 2024 14:32:54 -0500 Robert F. Kennedy Jr. launched a "Nominees for the People" forum to crowdsource 4,000 positions in the Trump administration to Make America Healthy Again. Full Article a2f26f21-fee7-5500-8e1a-89817bfc8e57 fnc Fox News fox-news/politics/elections/presidential/trump-transition fox-news/politics/elections fox-news/health fox-news/politics fox-news/person/donald-trump fox-news/politics article
cro Voters across the country decide on state ballot measures By www.foxnews.com Published On :: Tue, 12 Nov 2024 18:54:44 -0500 While many states focused on issues like abortion and immigration throughout this election cycle, voters in California and Colorado approved tougher crime laws. Full Article ebad90d5-8234-502e-8d58-7ebb010d2b66 fnc Fox News fox-news/politics/elections fox-news/politics/voting fox-news/us/us-regions/west/california fox-news/us/us-regions/west/colorado fox-news/us/crime fox-news/great-outdoors/hunting fox-news/politics article
cro Microsoft to acquire LinkedIn By www.theaustralian.com.au Published On :: Mon, 13 Jun 2016 12:50:00 GMT Tech giant to pay $35.44 billion for social networking firm in surprise deal. Full Article
cro Microsoft reports big profits amid massive AI investments By arstechnica.com Published On :: Wed, 30 Oct 2024 22:00:34 +0000 Xbox hardware sales dropped 29 percent, but that barely made a dent. Full Article Tech Activision AI azure earnings microsoft
cro Microsoft delays rollout of the Windows 11 Recall feature yet again By arstechnica.com Published On :: Fri, 01 Nov 2024 14:31:18 +0000 Microsoft works to make Recall "secure and trusted" after security complaints. Full Article Tech microsoft windows 11 windows 11 24h2 windows recall
cro Unveiling Diversity: Nudity Across Borders in Global Cinema By www.chartsattack.com Published On :: Fri, 18 Oct 2024 12:33:14 +0000 Welcome, film enthusiasts, to a captivating exploration of the diverse world of nudity in global cinema! In an era where cultural nuances shape the way we perceive art, it’s fascinating to dissect how different societies approach the depiction of the human form on the silver screen. Among different diversities like age diversity, political diversity, and […] The post Unveiling Diversity: Nudity Across Borders in Global Cinema appeared first on Chart Attack. Full Article Entertainment Cinema Cinematic Expression Films movies nudity
cro Airborne microplastics aid in cloud formation By arstechnica.com Published On :: Thu, 07 Nov 2024 14:15:46 +0000 It turns out microplastics have an effect on the weather and climate. Full Article Science climate cloud formation microplastics syndication Weather
cro Men convicted in Coutts border blockade want convictions overturned, Crown wants new trials By www.cbc.ca Published On :: Tue, 12 Nov 2024 17:35:03 EST The two men found guilty of mischief and firearms offences for their roles in the 2022 Coutts border blockade want the Alberta Court of Appeal to overturn their convictions, while prosecutors are seeking new trials on the more serious charge of conspiring to murder RCMP officers, for which they were acquitted. Full Article News/Canada/Calgary
cro Legendary Fighting Series ‘The King of Fighters’ Crosses Over into ‘Another Eden’ with the “Another Bout” Event that Kicks Off August 22nd By toucharcade.com Published On :: Wed, 21 Aug 2024 00:10:26 +0000 I did not have Another Eden, beloved mobile role-playing game, having a crossover event with The King of Fighters, legendary … Continue reading "Legendary Fighting Series ‘The King of Fighters’ Crosses Over into ‘Another Eden’ with the “Another Bout” Event that Kicks Off August 22nd" Full Article Featured News Updates
cro ‘Animal Crossing: Pocket Camp’ Shutting Down This November, New Paid Game Set To Release With Save Transfer By toucharcade.com Published On :: Thu, 22 Aug 2024 06:56:16 +0000 Nintendo just announced that Animal Crossing: Pocket Camp (Free) is shutting down on November 28th at 3 PM UTC. Animal … Continue reading "‘Animal Crossing: Pocket Camp’ Shutting Down This November, New Paid Game Set To Release With Save Transfer" Full Article Android Featured Free Games iPad Games iPhone games News Universal Upcoming Games Animal Crossing Animal Crossing Pocket Camp
cro ‘Pirates of the Caribbean: Tides of War’ Adds Cross-Server Battles in Latest Empire Invasion Update By toucharcade.com Published On :: Tue, 27 Aug 2024 21:49:41 +0000 JOYCITY has launched an exciting new update for Pirates of the Caribbean: Tides of War, inviting everyone to join in … Continue reading "‘Pirates of the Caribbean: Tides of War’ Adds Cross-Server Battles in Latest Empire Invasion Update" Full Article Featured News Sponsored Content
cro Microsoft posts a record $29.1 billion Q1. Same old, same old By arstechnica.com Published On :: Wed, 24 Oct 2018 23:57:36 +0000 You know the drill by now: cloud money good, consumer PC sales not. Full Article Biz & IT Tech business financials microsoft Windows
cro TikTok CEO quits as company reportedly plans sale to Microsoft, Walmart By arstechnica.com Published On :: Thu, 27 Aug 2020 16:06:49 +0000 Can’t do global work if the White House is forcing sale of US business, Mayer said. Full Article Biz & IT Gaming Policy business china kevin mayer tiktok Trump trump administration White House
cro A man drove his car into a crowd in southern China, killing 35 By www.npr.org Published On :: Tue, 12 Nov 2024 09:41:05 -0500 A man who authorities said was upset over his divorce settlement rammed his car into a crowd of people exercising at a sports complex in southern China, police said. Full Article
cro Rode's tiny $149 Wireless Micro kit is designed for smartphone users By www.engadget.com Published On :: Tue, 12 Nov 2024 15:00:40 +0000 Rode has announced the Wireless Micro, a two-mic kit with a smartphone receiver and charging case that costs just $149. The idea is to help TikTok and other creators capture much better-quality audio than their smartphone's microphone can offer. The receiver unit connects to the bottom of your smartphone via a USB-C or lightning port. Meanwhile, the microphones (aka transmitters) attach to the subject via integrated clips or magnetic attachments, then capture what Rode calls "pristine" quality sound. Specifically, they offer a 20-20 kHz frequency range and 73 dB signal-to-noise ratio, with a transmission range around 330 feet. Rode To use it, simply connect the receiver to your iOS or Android device and it will take over as the system microphone. From there, everything is automatic, as the transmitter mics are automatically paired to the receiver and sound will be captured to your camera app of choice. Levels are automatically controlled with the company's GainAssist technology. The omnidirectional transmitters weigh just 12 grams (0.42 ounces) and are tiny enough to be discreet when clipped onto your subject. The built-in microphones use what Rode calls "acoustic chambers" with a patent-pending design. That supposedly lets you capture clear and intelligible audio while reducing wind noise, though a pair of windmuffs is also included in the kit. Rode The Wireless Micro also includes a charging case that delivers two full recharges for up to 18 hours of battery life, while giving you a secure place to store everything. There are a few things missing, though. You can't connect an external mic to the transmitters, unlike with other Rode wireless mics or the DJI Mic 2. There's no smartphone Bluetooth capability, and it doesn't offer a 3.5mm connection for cameras — a feature that will supposedly exist on the rumored DJI Mic Mini. Still, this looks like a great option for creators who primarily use smartphones. It's now available in a two mic kit with a receiver and charging case for $150. This article originally appeared on Engadget at https://www.engadget.com/audio/rodes-tiny-149-wireless-micro-kit-is-designed-for-smartphone-users-150040695.html?src=rss Full Article Audio Technology Technology & Electronics site|engadget provider_name|Engadget region|US language|en-US author_name|Steve Dent
cro Le Carnet de Karine: Sylvain Croteau combat la violence dans le sport By www.journaldemontreal.com Published On :: Tue, 12 Nov 2024 00:00:00 EST Amoureux du sport, Sylvain Croteau a décidé de consacrer sa carrière, depuis 10 ans, à prévenir et à contrer la violence et les abus dans ce monde. Full Article
cro Feeling anxious about the U.S. election results? Elmo says, 'Stop scrolling, take a deep breath' By www.cbc.ca Published On :: Tue, 05 Nov 2024 12:13:04 EST Canadians are watching the U.S. election results with trepidation, knowing they have no control over the outcome that will still affect them. Polling shows Vice-President Kamala Harris and former president Donald Trump are neck-and-neck. Full Article News/World
cro CBC expands local and regional news coverage across Canada By www.cbc.ca Published On :: Tue, 12 Nov 2024 13:10:35 EST CBC has announced it's investing more in local and regional news. The coverage includes up to 25 journalists in more than a dozen communities and four new daily local podcasts. Full Article News/Entertainment
cro Des arnaqueurs ciblent les Swifties: «90% des billets à vendre sur les réseaux sociaux sont de l’arnaque», croit un expert By www.journaldemontreal.com Published On :: Mon, 11 Nov 2024 20:25:46 EST La majorité des billets encore offerts en ligne pour aller voir Taylor Swift à Toronto sont des arnaques, constate un expert en cybersécurité. Full Article
cro Accumold showcases micromoulding innovation at Compamed By www.medicalplasticsnews.com Published On :: Wed, 06 Nov 2024 12:00:00 -0000 Accumold, with over 40 years of experience in micromoulding technology, is set to participate at Compamed, taking place in Düsseldorf, Germany, from 11-14 November. The company will highlight its small and complex parts for medical device OEMs. Full Article
cro ACRO Announces Diversity and Inclusion Site Resource Grants Program By www.businesswire.com Published On :: Mon, 15 Apr 2024 11:00:00 +0000 The ACRO D&I Site Resource Grants Program aims to help sites acquire the resources and skills that will get them selected for studies and improve the reach of clinical research into underrepresented communities. The post ACRO Announces Diversity and Inclusion Site Resource Grants Program first appeared on ACRO. Full Article Press Releases
cro ACRO Announces Diversity and Inclusion Site Resource Grants Program By www.acrohealth.org Published On :: Wed, 17 Apr 2024 12:00:00 +0000 ACRO is pleased to announce the launch of the ACRO Diversity and Inclusion Site Resource Grants Program! The ACRO D&I Site Resource Grants Program aims to help sites acquire the resources and skills that will get them selected for studies and improve the reach of clinical research into underrepresented communities. “We are excited to invite […] The post ACRO Announces Diversity and Inclusion Site Resource Grants Program first appeared on ACRO. Full Article Newsletter
cro Bonus Episode: Fast Facts on the ACRO D&I Grants Program By mailchi.mp Published On :: Tue, 21 May 2024 10:13:00 +0000 ACRO’s Good Clinical Podcast is back with bonus episode! Host Sophia McLeod sat down with Tafoya Hubbard and Kristen Surdam to discuss ACRO’s new D&I Site Resource Grants Program. The post Bonus Episode: Fast Facts on the ACRO D&I Grants Program first appeared on ACRO. Full Article DEI News
cro Bonus Episode: ACRO’s Good Clinical Podcast By www.acrohealth.org Published On :: Tue, 21 May 2024 14:20:46 +0000 Bonus Episode: Fast Facts on the ACRO D&I Grants Program ACRO’s Good Clinical Podcast is back with bonus episode! Host Sophia McLeod sat down with Tafoya Hubbard (ACRO Site Resource Grants Program Manager) and Kristen Surdam (ACRO D&I Steering Committee Member) to discuss ACRO’s new D&I Site Resource Grants Program. They provide background on the […] The post Bonus Episode: ACRO’s Good Clinical Podcast first appeared on ACRO. Full Article Newsletter
cro Listen Now: ACRO’s Good Clinical Podcast Episode 1 By www.acrohealth.org Published On :: Mon, 01 Jul 2024 14:08:34 +0000 Today, ACRO is thrilled to announce the Good Clinical Podcast, where we take a look at the current state of clinical research and what direction the industry must head in to continue improving trials for patients. Host Sophia McLeod is joined by industry leaders to discuss the latest industry trends, cutting-edge innovation, and reflect on […] The post Listen Now: ACRO’s Good Clinical Podcast Episode 1 first appeared on ACRO. Full Article Newsletter
cro Listen Now: ACRO’s Good Clinical Podcast Episode 2 By www.acrohealth.org Published On :: Tue, 09 Jul 2024 14:19:40 +0000 On the latest episode of ACRO’s Good Clinical Podcast, Dr. Tala Fakhouri (Associate Director for Data Science and Artificial Intelligence Policy, FDA) and Stephen Pyke (Chief Clinical Data & Digital Officer, Parexel) join the podcast to discuss how the FDA and regulators around the world are thinking about the use of AI in clinical research. […] The post Listen Now: ACRO’s Good Clinical Podcast Episode 2 first appeared on ACRO. Full Article Newsletter
cro Listen Now: ACRO’s Good Clinical Podcast Episode 3 By www.acrohealth.org Published On :: Wed, 17 Jul 2024 14:12:07 +0000 On the latest episode of ACRO’s Good Clinical Podcast, Nicole Stansbury (SVP, Global Clinical Operations, Premier Research) and Madeleine Whitehead (RBQM Product & People Lead, Roche) join the podcast to discuss ACRO’s collaboration with TransCelerate BioPharma, Inc., the impact that ICH E6(R3) will have on Good Clinical Practice, and implications for innovation. They dive deeper […] The post Listen Now: ACRO’s Good Clinical Podcast Episode 3 first appeared on ACRO. Full Article Newsletter
cro Listen Now: ACRO’s Good Clinical Podcast Episode 5 By www.acrohealth.org Published On :: Tue, 30 Jul 2024 14:17:54 +0000 RBQM: Moving Beyond a Belt & Suspenders Approach to Data Quality On the latest episode of ACRO’s Good Clinical Podcast, Danilo Branco (Director, Central Monitoring Operations, Fortrea), Cris McDavid (Director, Global Clinical Operations, RBQM, Parexel), and Valarie McGee (Senior Director, Clinical Systems Optimization, the PPD Clinical Research Business of Thermo Fisher Scientific) join the podcast […] The post Listen Now: ACRO’s Good Clinical Podcast Episode 5 first appeared on ACRO. Full Article Newsletter
cro Listen Now: ACRO’s Good Clinical Podcast Episode 6 By www.acrohealth.org Published On :: Wed, 14 Aug 2024 15:31:49 +0000 The State of Clinical Trials in the UK: 2024 Update On the season 2 finale of ACRO’s Good Clinical Podcast, Steve Cutler (CEO, ICON plc) and Professor Lucy Chappell (CEO, NIHR) join the podcast to discuss the current clinical research landscape in the UK. They dive deeper into the competitive nature of bringing clinical research to a country, process-related challenges that need to […] The post Listen Now: ACRO’s Good Clinical Podcast Episode 6 first appeared on ACRO. Full Article Newsletter
cro With Trump coming into power, the NIH is in the crosshairs By www.npr.org Published On :: Tue, 12 Nov 2024 13:16:08 -0500 The National Institutes of Health, the crown jewel of biomedical research in the U.S., could face big changes under the new Trump administration, some fueled by pandemic-era criticisms of the agency. Full Article
cro Microneedle Glucose Sensors Keep Monitoring Skin-Deep By spectrum.ieee.org Published On :: Tue, 11 Jun 2024 11:00:05 +0000 For people with diabetes, glucose monitors are a valuable tool to monitor their blood sugar. The current generation of these biosensors detect glucose levels with thin, metallic filaments inserted in subcutaneous tissue, the deepest layer of the skin where most body fat is stored.Medical technology company Biolinq is developing a new type of glucose sensor that doesn’t go deeper than the dermis, the middle layer of skin that sits above the subcutaneous tissue. The company’s “intradermal” biosensors take advantage of metabolic activity in shallower layers of skin, using an array of electrochemical microsensors to measure glucose—and other chemicals in the body—just beneath the skin’s surface. Biolinq just concluded a pivotal clinical trial earlier this month, according to CEO Rich Yang, and the company plans to submit the device to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for approval at the end of the year. In April, Biolinq received US $58 million in funding to support the completion of its clinical trials and subsequent submission to the FDA.Biolinq’s glucose sensor is “the world’s first intradermal sensor that is completely autonomous,” Yang says. While other glucose monitors require a smartphone or other reader to collect and display the data, Biolinq’s includes an LED display to show when the user’s glucose is within a healthy range (indicated by a blue light) or above that range (yellow light). “We’re providing real-time feedback for people who otherwise could not see or feel their symptoms,” Yang says. (In addition to this real-time feedback, the user can also load long-term data onto a smartphone by placing it next to the sensor, like Abbott’s FreeStyle Libre, another glucose monitor.) More than 2,000 microsensor components are etched onto each 200-millimeter silicon wafer used to manufacture the biosensors.BiolinqBiolinq’s hope is that its approach could lead to sustainable changes in behavior on the part of the individual using the sensor. The device is intentionally placed on the upper forearm to be in plain sight, so users can receive immediate feedback without manually checking a reader. “If you drink a glass of orange juice or soda, you’ll see this go from blue to yellow,” Yang explains. That could help users better understand how their actions—such as drinking a sugary beverage—change their blood sugar and take steps to reduce that effect.Biolinq’s device consists of an array of microneedles etched onto a silicon wafer using semiconductor manufacturing. (Other glucose sensors’ filaments are inserted with an introducer needle.) Each chip has a small 2-millimeter by 2-millimeter footprint and contains seven independent microneedles, which are coated with membranes through a process similar to electroplating in jewelry making. One challenge the industry has faced is ensuring that microsensors do not break at this small scale. The key engineering insight Biolinq introduced, Yang says, was using semiconductor manufacturing to build the biosensors. Importantly, he says, silicon “is harder than titanium and steel at this scale.”Miniaturization allows for sensing closer to the surface of the skin, where there is a high level of metabolic activity. That makes the shallow depth ideal for monitoring glucose, as well as other important biomarkers, Yang says. Due to this versatility, combined with the use of a sensor array, the device in development can also monitor lactate, an important indicator of muscle fatigue. With the addition of a third data point, ketones (which are produced when the body burns fat), Biolinq aims to “essentially have a metabolic panel on one chip,” Yang says. Using an array of sensors also creates redundancy, improving the reliability of the device if one sensor fails or becomes less accurate. Glucose monitors tend to drift over the course of wear, but with multiple sensors, Yang says that drift can be better managed. One downside to the autonomous display is the drain on battery life, Yang says. The battery life limits the biosensor’s wear time to 5 days in the first-generation device. Biolinq aims to extend that to 10 days of continuous wear in its second generation, which is currently in development, by using a custom chip optimized for low-power consumption rather than off-the-shelf components.The company has collected nearly 1 million hours of human performance data, along with comparators including commercial glucose monitors and venous blood samples, Yang says. Biolinq aims to gain FDA approval first for use in people with type 2 diabetes not using insulin and later expand to other medical indications.This article appears in the August 2024 print issue as “Glucose Monitor Takes Page From Chipmaking.” Full Article Glucose sensors Diabetes Semiconductors
cro Bath Engineers Bet on Dirt for Micropower By spectrum.ieee.org Published On :: Tue, 25 Jun 2024 21:52:30 +0000 A thimbleful of soil can contain a universe of microorganisms, up to 10 billion by some estimates. Now a group of researchers in Bath, United Kingdom, are building prototype technologies that harvest electrons exhaled by some micro-species. The idea is to power up low-yield sensors and switches, and perhaps help farmers digitally optimize crop yields to meet increasing demand and more and more stressful growing conditions. There could be other tasks, too, that might make use of a plant-and-forget, low-yield power source—such as monitoring canals for illegal waste dumping.The research started small, based out of the University of Bath, with field-testing in a Brazilian primary school classroom and a green pond near it—just before the onset of the pandemic.“We had no idea what the surroundings would be. We just packed the equipment we needed and went,” says Jakub Dziegielowski, a University of Bath, U.K. chemical engineering Ph.D. student. “And the pond was right by the school—it was definitely polluted, very green, with living creatures in it, and definitely not something I’d feel comfortable drinking from. So it got the job done.”The experiments they did along with kids from the school and Brazilian researchers that summer of 2019 were aimed at running water purifiers. It did so. However, it also wasn’t very efficient, compared to, say, a solar panel. So work has moved on in the Bath labs: in the next weeks, Dziegielowski will both turn 29 and graduate with his doctorate. And he, along with two other University of Bath advisors and colleagues recently launched a spinoff company—it’s called Bactery—to perfect a prototype for a network of soil microbial fuel cells for use in agriculture. A microbial fuel cell is a kind of power plant that converts chemical energy stored in organic molecules into electrical energy, using microbes as a catalyst. It’s more often used to refer to liquid-based systems, Dziegielowski says. Organics from wastewater serve as the energy source, and the liquid stream mixes past the electrodes.A soil microbial fuel cell, however, has one of its electrodes—the anode, which absorbs electrons—in the dirt. The other electrode, the cathode, is exposed to air. Batteries work because ions move through an electrolyte between electrodes to complete a circuit. In this case, the soil itself acts as the electrolyte—as well as source of the catalytic microbes, and as the source of the fuel. The Bath, U.K.-based startup Bactery has developed a set up fuel cells powered by microbes in the soil—with, in the prototype pictured here, graphite mats as electrodes. University of BathFields full of WattsIn a primary school in the fishing village of Icapuí on Brazil’s semi-arid northeastern coast, the group made use of basic components: graphite felt mats acting as electrodes, and nylon pegs to maintain spacing and alignment between them. (Bactery is now developing new kinds of casing.)By setting up the cells in a parallel matrix, the Icapuí setup could generate 38 milliwatts per square meter. In work since, the Bath group’s been able to reach 200 milliwatts per square meter.Electroactive bacteria—also called exoelectrogens or electricigens—take in soluble iron or acids or sugar and exhale electrons. There are dozens of species of microbes that can do this, including bacteria belonging to genera such as Geobacter and Shewanella. There are many others.But 200 milliwatts per square meter is not a lot of juice: enough to charge a mobile phone, maybe, or keep an LED nightlight going—or, perhaps, serve as a power source for sensors or irrigation switches. “As in so many things, it comes down to the economics,” says Bruce Logan, an environmental engineer at Penn State who wrote a 2007 book, Microbial Fuel Cells. A decade ago Palo Alto engineers launched the MudWatt, a self-contained kit that could light a small LED. It’s mostly marketed as a school science project. But even now, some 760 million people do not have reliable access to electricity. “In remote areas, soil microbial fuel cells with higher conversion and power management efficiencies would fare better than batteries,” says Sheela Berchmans, a retired chief scientist of the Central Electrochemical Research Institute in Tamil Nadu, India.Korneel Rabaey, professor in the department of biotechnology at the University of Ghent, in Belgium, says electrochemical micro-power sources—a category that now includes the Bactery battery—is gaining buzz in resource recovery, for uses such as extracting pollutants from wastewater, with electricity as a byproduct. “You can think of many applications that don’t require a lot of power,” he says, “But where sensors are important.” Full Article Microbial fuel cells Soil microbial fuel Bioelectronics Renewables Renewable energy Micropower
cro Bluetooth Microscope Reveals the Inner Workings of Mice By spectrum.ieee.org Published On :: Sun, 13 Oct 2024 13:00:02 +0000 This article is part of our exclusive IEEE Journal Watch series in partnership with IEEE Xplore.Any imaging technique that allows scientists to observe the inner workings of a living organism, in real-time, provides a wealth of information compared to experiments in a test tube. While there are many such imaging approaches in existence, they require test subjects—in this case rodents—to be tethered to the monitoring device. This limits the ability of animals under study to roam freely during experiments.Researchers have recently designed a new microscope with a unique feature: It’s capable of transmitting real-time imaging from inside live mice via Bluetooth to a nearby phone or laptop. Once the device has been further miniaturized, the wireless connection will allow mice and other test subject animals to roam freely, making it easier to observe them in a more natural state.“To the best of our knowledge, this is the first Bluetooth wireless microscope,” says Arvind Pathak, a professor at the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine. Through a series of experiments, Pathak and his colleagues demonstrate how the novel wireless microscope, called BLEscope, offers continuous monitoring of blood vessels and tumors in the brains of mice. The results are described in a study published 24 September in IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Engineering. Microscopes have helped shed light on many biological mysteries, but the devices typically require that cells be removed from an organism and studied in a test tube. Any opportunity to study the biological process as it naturally occurs in the in the body (“in vivo”) tends to offer more useful and thorough information. Several different miniature microscopes designed for in vivo experiments in animals exist. However, Pathak notes that these often require high power consumption or a wire to be tethered to the device to transmit the data—or both—which may restrict an animal’s natural movements and behavior. “To overcome these hurdles, [Johns Hopkins University Ph.D. candidate] Subhrajit Das and our team designed an imaging system that operates with ultra-low power consumption—below 50 milliwatts—while enabling wireless data transmission and continuous, functional imaging at spatial resolutions of 5 to 10 micrometers in [rodents],” says Pathak. The researchers created BLEscope using an off-the-shelf, low-power image sensor and microcontroller, which are integrated on a printed circuit board. Importantly, it has two LED lights of different colors—green and blue—that help create contrast during imaging. “The BLE protocol enabled wireless control of the BLEscope, which then captures and transmits images wirelessly to a laptop or phone,” Pathak explains. “Its low power consumption and portability make it ideal for remote, real-time imaging.”Pathak and his colleagues tested BLEscope in live mice through two experiments. In the first scenario, they added a fluorescent marker into the blood of mice and used BLEscope to characterize blood flow within the animals’ brains in real-time. In the second experiment, the researchers altered the oxygen and carbon dioxide ratios of the air being breathed in by mice with brain tumors, and were able to observe blood vessel changes in the fluorescently marked tumors. “The BLEscope’s key strength is its ability to wirelessly conduct high-resolution, multi-contrast imaging for up to 1.5 hours, without the need for a tethered power supply,” Pathak says.However, Pathak points out that the current prototype is limited by its size and weight. BLEscope will need to be further miniaturized, so that it doesn’t interfere with animals’ abilities to roam freely during experiments.“We’re planning to miniaturize the necessary electronic components onto a flexible light-weight printed circuit board, which would reduce weight and footprint of the BLEscope to make it suitable for use on freely moving animals,” says Pathak. This story was updated on 14 October 2024, to correct a statement about the size of the BLEscope. Full Article Microscopy Wireless Bluetooth Living cells Journal watch
cro Crop Parasites Can Be Deterred by “Electric Fences” By spectrum.ieee.org Published On :: Thu, 17 Oct 2024 12:00:02 +0000 Imagine you’re a baby cocoa plant, just unfurling your first tentative roots into the fertile, welcoming soil.Somewhere nearby, a predator stirs. It has no ears to hear you, no eyes to see you. But it knows where you are, thanks in part to the weak electric field emitted by your roots.It is microscopic, but it’s not alone. By the thousands, the creatures converge, slithering through the waterlogged soil, propelled by their flagella. If they reach you, they will use fungal-like hyphae to penetrate and devour you from the inside. They’re getting closer. You’re a plant. You have no legs. There’s no escape.But just before they fall upon you, they hesitate. They seem confused. Then, en masse, they swarm off in a different direction, lured by a more attractive electric field. You are safe. And they will soon be dead.If Eleonora Moratto and Giovanni Sena get their way, this is the future of crop pathogen control.Many variables are involved in the global food crisis, but among the worst are the pests that devastate food crops, ruining up to 40 percent of their yield before they can be harvested. One of these—the little protist in the example above, an oomycete formally known as Phytophthora palmivora—has a US $1 billion appetite for economic staples like cocoa, palm, and rubber.There is currently no chemical defense that can vanquish these creatures without poisoning the rest of the (often beneficial) organisms living in the soil. So Moratto, Sena, and their colleagues at Sena’s group at Imperial College London settled on a non-traditional approach: They exploited P. palmivora’s electric sense, which can be spoofed.All plant roots that have been measured to date generate external ion flux, which translates into a very weak electric field. Decades of evidence suggests that this signal is an important target for predators’ navigation systems. However, it remains a matter of some debate how much their predators rely on plants’ electrical signatures to locate them, as opposed to chemical or mechanical information. Last year, Moratto and Sena’s group found that P. palmivora spores are attracted to the positive electrode of a cell generating current densities of 1 ampere per square meter. “The spores followed the electric field,” says Sena, suggesting that a similar mechanism helps them find natural bioelectric fields emitted by roots in the soil.That got the researchers wondering: Might such an artificial electric field override the protists’ other sensory inputs, and scramble their compasses as they tried to use plant roots’ much weaker electrical output?To test the idea, the researchers developed two ways to protect plant roots using a constant vertical electric field. They cultivated two common snacks for P. palmivora—a flowering plant related to cabbage and mustard, and a legume often used as a livestock feed plant—in tubes in a hydroponic solution. Two electric-field configurations were tested: A “global” vertical field [left] and a field generated by two small nearby electrodes. The global field proved to be slightly more effective.Eleonora MorattoIn the first assay, the researchers sandwiched the plant roots between rows of electrodes above and below, which completely engulfed them in a “global” vertical field. For the second set, the field was generated using two small electrodes a short distance away from the plant, creating current densities on the order of 10 A/m2. Then they unleashed the protists.With respect to the control group, both methods successfully diverted a significant portion of the predators away from the plant roots. They swarmed the positive electrode, where—since zoospores can’t survive for longer than about 2 to 3 hours without a host—they presumably starved to death. Or worse. Neil Gow, whose research presented some of the first evidence for zoospore electrosensing, has other theories about their fate. “Applied electrical fields generate toxic products and steep pH gradients near and around the electrodes due to the electrolysis of water,” he says. “The tropism towards the electrode might be followed by killing or immobilization due to the induced pH gradients.”Not only did the technique prevent infestation, but some evidence indicates that it may also mitigate existing infections. The researchers published their results in August in Scientific Reports.The global electric field was marginally more successful than the local. However, it would be harder to translate from lab conditions into a (literal) field trial in soil. The local electric field setup would be easy to replicate: “All you have to do is stick the little plug into the soil next to the crop you want to protect,” says Sena.Moratto and Sena say this is a proof of concept that demonstrates a basis for a new, pesticide-free way to protect food crops. (Sena likens the technique to the decoys used by fighter jets to draw away incoming missiles by mimicking the signals of the original target.) They are now looking for funding to expand the project. The first step is testing the local setup in soil; the next is to test the approach on Phytophthora infestans, a meaner, scarier cousin of P. palmivora.P. infestans attacks a more varied diet of crops—you may be familiar with its work during the Irish potato famine. The close genetic similarities imply another promising candidate for electrical pest control. This investigation, however, may require more funding. P. infestans research can be undertaken only under more stringent laboratory security protocols.The work at Imperial ties into the broader—and somewhat charged—debate around electrostatic ecology; that is, the extent to which creatures including ticks make use of heretofore poorly understood electrical mechanisms to orient themselves and in other ways enhance their survival. “Most people still aren’t aware that naturally occurring electricity can play an ecological role,” says Sam England, a behavioral ecologist with Berlin’s Natural History Museum. “So I suspect that once these electrical phenomena become more well known and understood, they will inspire a greater number of practical applications like this one.” Full Article Agriculture Electric fields Crops Pesticides
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