cos Self-Taught Artist Marcos Conde to Compete at 3rd Annual Graffiti Arts Festival in Fort Worth on Saturday, March 14, 2020 By www.24-7pressrelease.com Published On :: Tue, 03 Mar 2020 07:00:00 GMT Conde to Paint Mural Inspired by the Creative Journey Full Article
cos Drug Repurposing Study Discovers that Natural Supplement Diosmin For Varicose Veins May Treat COVID-19 Disease Better than 97% of Antiviral Drugs By www.24-7pressrelease.com Published On :: Tue, 21 Apr 2020 07:00:00 GMT A computational study of 4,600 drugs indicates that approved drugs were less effective than non-approved drugs when binding to a COVID-19 protein. In addition, Diosmin, a non-prescription natural supplement bound better than 99% of drugs considered. Full Article
cos Wilder vs Fury: "Unfinished Business" - Big Business For Fashion Atelier of Cosmo & Donato By www.24-7pressrelease.com Published On :: Tue, 18 Feb 2020 07:00:00 GMT Fight clubs and fashion designers are betting on "The Bronze Bomber" worn by Deontay Wilder, designed by Cosmo & Donato. Full Article
cos Growing Romaine Lettuce or Cos Lettuce in Hydroponics By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: Thu, 09 Aug 2018 16:47:13 +0000 What lettuce comes to your mind, when I say the word lettuce? Go on, take a minute. If you thought Iceberg lettuce, you aren’t alone. Iceberg is (or used to be) the defacto standard when it comes lettuce. Iceberg lettuce has its crunch but if you look beyond the crunch, nutrient values that is, you will […] Full Article Hydroponics Lettuce
cos 5 Concepts You Should Know About Gradient Descent and Cost Function By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: Thu, 07 May 2020 16:00:49 +0000 Why is Gradient Descent so important in Machine Learning? Learn more about this iterative optimization algorithm and how it is used to minimize a loss function. Full Article 2020 May Tutorials Overviews Cost Function Gradient Descent Machine Learning Neural Networks Optimization
cos Uzbekistan moves to lower cotton cost for manufacturers By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: Sat, 09 May 2020 09:41:35 GMT Full Article
cos Chinese Cost Innovation By hbr.org Published On :: Thu, 25 Oct 2007 15:41:00 -0500 Peter Williamson, Judge Business School professor and coauthor of "Dragons at Your Door: How Chinese Cost Innovation Is Disrupting Global Competition." Full Article
cos How to Cut Costs – Strategically By hbr.org Published On :: Thu, 24 Sep 2009 18:39:52 -0500 Cesare Mainardi, managing director of Booz & Company and coauthor of "Cut Costs, Grow Stronger." Full Article
cos What Health Care Really Costs By hbr.org Published On :: Thu, 18 Aug 2011 18:46:26 -0500 Robert S. Kaplan, Harvard Business School professor and coauthor of the HBR article "How to Solve the Cost Crisis in Health Care." Full Article
cos The High Cost of Rudeness at Work By hbr.org Published On :: Thu, 24 Jan 2013 18:51:16 -0500 Christine Porath, associate professor at Georgetown University's McDonough School of Business and coauthor of the HBR article "The Price of Incivility." Full Article
cos Uzbekistan moves to lower cotton cost for manufacturers By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: Sat, 09 May 2020 23:00:04 GMT Full Article
cos Cybersecurity for Startups: A 5 Step Plan for Preventing Costly Data Breaches By anderscpa.com Published On :: Tue, 22 Oct 2019 14:27:25 +0000 All startups have one thing in common when it comes to cybersecurity: they all are at some level of risk of a costly data breach. Startup business owners may not even be aware of certain vulnerabilities including ransomware, phishing, data… Read More The post Cybersecurity for Startups: A 5 Step Plan for Preventing Costly Data Breaches appeared first on Anders CPAs. Full Article Startups Technology cybersecurity
cos The Polaris Slingshot is a car-motorcycle mashup that costs $33,000 and can do 0-60 mph in 5 seconds — on 3 wheels. By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: Sat, 09 May 2020 12:13:00 -0400 Matthew DeBord/Insider I tested a roughly $33,000 Polaris Slingshot R, a three-wheeled "autocycle." The three-wheeler category includes vehicles from Can-Am and Harley-Davidson, offering a motorcycle experience in a less demanding package. My Slingshot R had a new, Polaris-developed, 203-horsepower engine and an automatic transmission. In all but three US states, no motorcycle license is required to operate the Slingshot (New York, Massachusetts, and Alaska continue to require the motorcycle certification). The Slingshot is insanely fun, with a modest learning curve — it's a great alternative to a two-wheeler, although the price is definitely steep for the Slingshot R. Visit Business Insider's homepage for more stories. Motorcycles are cool, but they aren't for everybody. Fortunately, there are some alternatives out there that offer an equally compelling, open-air experience. One of the most popular is the the Polaris Slingshot, manufactured by the Minnesota-based powersports company. Until recently, Slingshots were available only with manual transmissions and GM-sourced engines, but for 2020, Polaris has updated the autocycle with an in-house motor and an automatic. The automatic transmission in particular really broadens the Slingshot's potential. So I was excited to sample the machine, which I first saw about five years ago. Polaris was kind enough to loan me a tester for a few weeks. Here's how it went:The Polaris Slingshot is a three-wheeled autocycle/motorcycle that Polaris industries has produced since 2014. My 2020 Slingshot R tester cost about $33,000 and was outfitted in a menacing red-and-black paint job. Matthew DeBord/Insider The cheapest Slingshot is about $20,000. This wasn't my first crack at a Slingshot. Polaris brought the vehicle to Insider's New York offices when the vehicle first launched. And I generally have a gander at the Slingshot when I visit the annual New York motorcycle show. See the rest of the story at Business InsiderSee Also:All the coolest features of every Tesla vehicle ever made or unveiled, rankedHere are 20 cars you can drive off the lot new for less than $20,000How Tesla's cargo capacity stacks up against other iconic front trunks in the car industry: From Ferrari, Porsche, Lamborghini, and moreFOLLOW US: On Facebook for more car and transportation content! Full Article Features Polaris Polaris Slingshot Motorcycles Car Review BITranspo
cos THE PAYMENTS ECOSYSTEM: The biggest shifts and trends driving short- and long-term growth and shaping the future of the industry By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: Sat, 09 May 2020 14:02:00 -0400 Business Insider Intelligence This is a preview of The Payments Ecosystem research report from Business Insider Intelligence. Purchase this report. Business Insider Intelligence offers even more consumer coverage with Payments & Commerce Pro. Subscribe today to receive industry-changing payments and commerce news and analysis to your inbox. The power dynamics in the payments industry are changing as businesses and consumers shift dollars from cash and checks to digital payment methods. Cards dominate the in-store retail channel, but mobile wallets like Apple Pay are seeing a rapid uptick in usage. At the same time, e-commerce will chip away at brick-and-mortar retail as smartphones attract a rising share of digital shopping. Digital peer-to-peer (P2P) apps are supplanting cash in the day-to-day lives of users across generations as they become more appealing and useful than ever.See the rest of the story at Business InsiderSee Also:Xinja cut its Stash high-yield savings account rate, likely attempting to weather the current crisisPayPal's slowdown began to improve in April as stay-at-home orders tick up e-commerce usageJobs for thousands of young consultants are being upended. From delaying start dates to cutting internships, here's what 8 top firms, like Deloitte and McKinsey, are doing. Full Article BI Intelligence BI Intelligence Content Marketing Finance BII Markets Insider BI Intelligence Daily Conversion Series Insider Intelligence
cos Vibrant network ecosystems are turning supply chains into competitive weapons By www.kmworld.com Published On :: Mon, 13 Jan 2020 09:20:00 EST The old paradigm for supply chain networks has run its course, and the future is in multi-enterprise, or multi-party business networks Full Article
cos CMS Creates Pathways to Success for ACOs Starting July 1, 2019 By anderscpa.com Published On :: Thu, 21 Feb 2019 14:40:11 +0000 The Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) is taking a new direction with the Medicare Shared Savings Program, established by the Affordable Care Act. The new ruling, called Pathways to Success, is meant to encourage Medicare’s Accountable Care Organizations… Read More The post CMS Creates Pathways to Success for ACOs Starting July 1, 2019 appeared first on Anders CPAs. Full Article Health Care medicare
cos Fashion / Cosmetics / Jewellery By economictimes.indiatimes.com Published On :: 2020-02-09T14:50:59+05:30 Full Article
cos AGR tussle: Harish Salve on what SC had to say on telcos over dues By economictimes.indiatimes.com Published On :: 2020-03-18T21:29:20+05:30 AGR tussle: Harish Salve on what SC had to say on telcos over dues Full Article
cos POKE ME: Government, get out of skilling. Motivate the bureaucracy to create the right ecosystem instead By economictimes.indiatimes.com Published On :: 2017-03-02T16:47:05+05:30 What we need before Skill India is perhaps a Skill Government mission. And what’s more, in this Budget season, a visionary leader can do this without much fund allocation. Full Article
cos Experts peg India's cost of Covid-19 lockdown at USD 120 bn By economictimes.indiatimes.com Published On :: 2020-03-25T11:49:42+05:30 Barclays specified the cost of the three-week nationwide lockdown to be alone at USD 90 billion, which is over and above the lockdowns announced by various states like Maharashtra earlier. They also said that the RBI is most likely to go for a 0.65 per cent rate cut in the April review and will slash interest rates further by 1 per cent during the course of the year. Full Article
cos 6 smartphones costing less than Rs 12,000 for heavy users By economictimes.indiatimes.com Published On :: 2020-03-09T06:30:00+05:30 If you are a heavy smartphone user and are looking for a smartphone that offers higher battery power but are running a tight budget for such a spend, then here are six options that will solve your problem. These fall in the below Rs 12,ooo price range. Full Article
cos Moratorium on loan EMIs, credit card dues will have an interest cost By economictimes.indiatimes.com Published On :: 2020-03-31T10:30:14+05:30 People have a lot of misconceptions about what has been promised. Keep these things in mind when you make financial decisions basis the announcements in the relief package. Full Article
cos What's the real cost of going to office for work? Find out By economictimes.indiatimes.com Published On :: 2020-04-13T06:30:00+05:30 When you consider a new job which appears to give you a higher paycheck, identify the hidden costs that could derail your dreams of saving for your new house. Here’s what you should look at. Full Article
cos Here's the cost of working from home By economictimes.indiatimes.com Published On :: 2020-04-13T06:30:00+05:30 When you Work From Home, what you consume comes from your pocket. An entire day at home with the air-conditioning and lights on adds to your electricity bill. Other expenses may include your computer, printer, etc. Here’s what you should look at. Full Article
cos Brave New World: High govt borrowing comes at a great cost By economictimes.indiatimes.com Published On :: 2020-05-09T11:44:01+05:30 Fed fund futures are now pricing negative fed rate by June 21. Full Article
cos Lockdown 3.0: Some auto cos resume production, others prepare to restart manufacturing By economictimes.indiatimes.com Published On :: 2020-05-06T23:43:16+05:30 The country's largest carmaker Maruti will resume operations at its Manesar plant from May 12. Full Article
cos OnePlus India launch highlights: OnePlus 8 priced at $699, 8 Pro to cost $899; Bullets Wireless Z, Warp Charge 30 Wireless charger unveiled By economictimes.indiatimes.com Published On :: 2020-04-14T20:15:45+05:30 Both phones will come in 8GB + 128GB and 12GB + 256GB storage variants. Full Article
cos Pharma & tech cos will continue to perform well going forward: TCG AMC By economictimes.indiatimes.com Published On :: 2020-05-08T19:07:17+05:30 ‘As economic activity resumes, expect a further revival in the market in the coming months’ Full Article
cos Telcos back 50 paise/spam SMS regime By economictimes.indiatimes.com Published On :: 2020-05-06T18:26:28+05:30 TRAI had said that despite the higher charge on SMS, the complaints of UCC were on a rise and thus the regime for charging for SMSes should be brought under forbearance. In 2018, TRAI had mandated telcos to adopt distributed ledger technology (DLT) with ‘permissioned and private DLT networks’ where only identified and registered users can participate. Full Article
cos No more extension of tariff relief to migrant workers: Telcos By economictimes.indiatimes.com Published On :: 2020-05-07T11:16:12+05:30 Within a week of the announcement of lockdown from March 25, telcos had extended the prepaid validity of their low-income subscribers till April 17 and further to May 3 on subsequent announcement of lockdown extension. Airtel and Vodafone Idea also credited Rs 10 talk time credit to such users whereas Jio gave 100 minutes of free talk time and 100 text messages to all its users. Full Article
cos California Literary Review: What coronavirus costs to the Italian cultural heritage. By rbfirehose.com Published On :: Sat, 09 May 2020 17:01:40 +0000 California Literary Review: What coronavirus costs to the Italian cultural heritage.. “Given that Italy’s is generally considered the world’s richest cultural heritage, maintenance of its historic monuments and museum, with exhibits dating from the early Neolithic era through today’s avantgarde, is costly. But with international tourism virtually at the end for an indefinite period because … Continue reading California Literary Review: What coronavirus costs to the Italian cultural heritage. Full Article COVID-19 coronavirus endangered culture Italy Italy culture
cos NSW Government invests $42 million to lower IVF costs By www.health.nsw.gov.au Published On :: Sun, 19 Jan 2020 00:53:00 GMT Full Article
cos New Contact Lenses May Soon Allow Diabetics to Monitor Glucose Levels With Just the Blinks of Their Eyes By www.goodnewsnetwork.org Published On :: Tue, 28 Apr 2020 17:48:54 +0000 Not only can the smart contact lenses monitor glucose levels, they can also release medication directly into the membrane of the eye. The post New Contact Lenses May Soon Allow Diabetics to Monitor Glucose Levels With Just the Blinks of Their Eyes appeared first on Good News Network. Full Article Health Medicine Science Innovation Technology Research Treatment Medical Diabetes
cos A Review of the role of fungi in wood decay of forest ecosystems By www.fs.fed.us Published On :: Wed, 01 Aug 2017 08:00:00 PST Fungi are key players in the health, diversity, and productivity of forest ecosystems in Pacific Northwest forests, as mycorrhizal associations, pathogens, decomposers, nontimber resources, and food resources for wildlife. A number of invertebrate species are associated with wood decay fungi, serve as vectors for fungal pathogens, or are fungivorous (consume fungi) and influence rates of wood decay and nutrient mineralization. In Washington and Oregon, 31 wildlife species among 8 families are fungivores, and at least 14 wildlife species disperse fungi. Down wood can provide nurse substrates for seedlings and beneficial mycorrhizal fungi, refuges from pathogenic soil fungi, sources of nutrients for decay fungi, and substrates supporting overall fungal diversity. Presence, density, distribution, and diversity of fungi are influenced by forest stand management practices, forest age class, and effects of fire. Old forests provide for a suite of rare fungi species. Old legacy trees retained during forest harvest can provide some degree of conservation of beneficial and rare fungi. Fungi can be difficult to detect and monitor; surveying for fungi at various times of the year, for multiple (at least 5) years, and by including hypogeous (belowground) samples, can improve detection rates. Studies are needed in the Pacific Northwest to quantify the amount of down wood—number of pieces, sizes, total biomass, percentage of forest floor cover, and other attributes—necessary for maintaining or restoring fungal biodiversity and viable levels of individual fungi species, especially rare species. Full Article
cos Ecosystem processes related to wood decay By www.fs.fed.us Published On :: Wed, 01 Sep 2017 08:00:00 PST Wood decay elements include snags, down wood, root wads, tree stumps, litter, duff, broomed or diseased branches, and partially dead trees, all of which contribute to ecological processes and biodiversity of the forest ecosystem. Down wood can serve as reservoirs for moisture and mycorrhizal fungi beneficial to the health and growth of commercial tree species. Decaying wood, leaf litter, small twigs, and roots contribute nutrients and structure to humus and soil organic matter, and host microbes that play beneficial roles in nitrogen cycles and other processes. Snags and down wood provide nurse functions for tree and shrub species, and can aid in restoration of degraded forest environments. Various elements of wood decay provide habitat for many species of wildlife including invertebrates, amphibians, reptiles, birds, and mammals. Fire can influence the amounts and distributions of wood decay elements and enhance or detract desired ecosystem processes, depending on severity, charring, soil temperature, and other factors. Managing wood decay elements for ecosystem processes entails better understanding decay dynamics, the role of coarse wood in soil, the role of wood decay in carbon cycling and sequestration, and other considerations. Full Article
cos What people value: an ecosystem services approach to managing public lands By www.fs.fed.us Published On :: Wed., 19 Oct 2016 12:00:00 PST Since 1960, the Forest Service has been guided by the multiple-use concept, which recognizes five major uses for public lands-timber, water, range, recreation, and fish and wildlife habitat-and mandates that all five should be equally considered in management plans. Full Article
cos Nearby nature—A cost-effective prescription for better community health? By www.fs.fed.us Published On :: Tue., 01 Jan 2018 12:00:00 PST A balanced diet and regular exercise are fundamental for good health, and a daily dose of nature may be equally important. Nearly 40 years of research has demonstrated that “metro nature”—nature found in urban environments, such as parks or tree-lined streets—provides positive and measurable health benefits and improves people’s quality of life. Full Article
cos CSSplay 3D Truncated Icosahedron By www.cssplay.co.uk Published On :: 2012-03-14 A 3D truncated icosahedron using CSS3 3D transforms and no images. Full Article
cos Regional Cost Information For Private Timberland Conversion and Management By www.fs.fed.us Published On :: Fri, 08 Sep 2006 12:00:00 PST Cost of private timber management practices in the United States are identified, and their relationship to timber production in general is highlighted. Costs across timber-producing regions and forest types are identified by forest type and timber management practices historically applied in each region. This includes cost estimates for activities such as forest establishment practices such as reforestation and afforestation on crop and pastureland. Establishment costs for reforestation in the Southern United States are less than in other regions, although regional differences in establishment costs are less evident in hardwood than in softwood stands. Also, included in the list of timber management costs ate the intermediate management treatments of precommercial thinning, herbicide, and fertilizer application. Intermediate management treatments are less costly in the southern United States than in other regions. Trends in timber management costs reported as part of the management costs reporting. Full Article
cos Bioengery from trees: using cost-effective thinning to reduce forest fire hazards, based on science By www.fs.fed.us Published On :: Thu, 24 Sep 2009 08:20:00 PST Increasingly large and severe wildfires threaten millions of forested acres throughout the West. Under certain conditions, mechanical thinning can address these hazardous conditions while providing opportunitiesto create renewable energy and reduce our carbon footprint but how do land managers decide whether thinning is a good idea? How do they decide where to begin, and what to do with the removed trees? Prioritizing treatment areas and determining the most effective techniques for fuel hazard reduction depends on various factors such as owner objectives, forest types, and the availability of processing facilities. Full Article
cos EPISODE 2—BEYOND THE CONCRETE JUNGLE: CITIES AS SOURCES OF ECOSYSTEM SERVICES By www.fs.fed.us Published On :: 2012-10-01 October 2012—When you hear the word “ecosystem,” what comes to mind? A forest? A river, maybe? Well, how about a city? It turns out, the green spaces in our urban areas can offer a range of ecosystem services, just like forests and rivers. Station scientists are working to better understand cities as ecosystems and demonstrate how nearby nature provides important benefits and services. (4:19) Full Article
cos Costs of Landscape Silviculture For Fire and Habitat Management By www.fs.fed.us Published On :: Tue, 21 Dec 2005 15:25:36 PST In forest reserves of the U.S. Pacific Northwest, management objectives include protecting late-seral habitat structure by reducing the threat of large-scale disturbances like wildfire. We simulated how altering within and among-stand structure with silvicultural treatments of differing intensity affected late-seral forest (LSF) structure and fire threat (FT) reduction over 30 years in a 6070-ha reserve. We then evaluated how different financial requirements influenced the treatment mix selected for each decade, the associated effects on FT reduction and LSF structure in the reserve, and treatment costs. Requirements for treatments to earn money (NPV+), break even (NPVO), or to not meet any financial goal at the scale of the entire reserve (landscape) affected the predicted reduction of FT and the total area of LSF structure in different ways. With or without a requirement to break even, treatments accomplished about the same landscape level of FT reduction and LSF structure. Although treatment effects were similar, their associated net revenues ranged from negative $1 million to positive $3000 over 30 years. In contrast, a requirement for landscape treatments to earn money ($0.5 to $1.5 million NPV) over the same period had a negative effect on FT reduction and carried a cost in terms of both FT reduction and LSF structure. Results suggest that the spatial scale at which silvicultural treatments were evaluated was influential because the lowest cost to the reserve objectives was accomplished by a mix of treatments that earned or lost money at the stand level but that collectivel broke even at the landscape scale. Results also indicate that the timeframe over which treatments were evaluated was important because if breaking even was required within each decade instead of cumulatively over all three, the cost in terms of FT reduction and LSF structure was similar to requiring landscape treatments to earn $0.5 million NPV. Full Article
cos Rocky To Bullwinkle: Understanding Flying Squirrels Helps Us Restore Dry Forest Ecosystems By www.fs.fed.us Published On :: Fri, 10 Feb 2006 12:00:00 PST A century of effective fire suppression has radically transformed many forested landscapes on the east side of the Cascades. Managers of dry forests critically need information to help plan for and implement forest restoration. Management priorities include the stabilization of fire regimes and the maintenance of habitat for the northern spotted owl and other old-forest associates. Full Article
cos Regional Cost Information For Private Timberland Conversion and Management By www.fs.fed.us Published On :: Fri, 08 Sep 2006 12:00:00 PST Cost of private timber management practices in the United States are identified, and their relationship to timber production in general is highlighted. Costs across timber-producing regions and forest types are identified by forest type and timber management practices historically applied in each region. This includes cost estimates for activities such as forest establishment practices such as reforestation and afforestation on crop and pastureland. Establishment costs for reforestation in the Southern United States are less than in other regions, although regional differences in establishment costs are less evident in hardwood than in softwood stands. Also, included in the list of timber management costs ate the intermediate management treatments of precommercial thinning, herbicide, and fertilizer application. Intermediate management treatments are less costly in the southern United States than in other regions. Trends in timber management costs reported as part of the management costs reporting. Full Article
cos Learning To Manage A Complex Ecosystem: Adaptive Management and The Northwest Forest Plan By www.fs.fed.us Published On :: Mon, 16 Oct 2006 12:25:36 PST The Northwest Forest Plan (the Plan) identifies adaptive management as a central strategy for effective implementation. Despite this, there has been a lack of any systematic evaluation of its performance. Full Article
cos Integrated restoration of forested ecosystems to achieve multiresource benefits: proceedings of the 2007 national silviculture workshop By www.fs.fed.us Published On :: Tue, 27 Feb 2008 08:40:00 PST A primary mission of the U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service is multiple resource management, and one of the emerging themes is forest restoration. The National Silviculture Workshop, a biennial event co-sponsored by the Forest Service, was held May 7-10, 2007, in Ketchikan, Alaska, with the theme of "Integrated Restoration of Forested Ecosystems to Achieve Multiresource Benefits." This proceedings presents a compilation of state-of-the-art silvicultural research and forestry management papers that demonstrates integrated restoration to yield multiple resource benefits. These papers highlight national perspectives on ecosystem services, forest restoration and climate change, and regional perspectives on forest restoration and silvicultural practices to achieve multiple resource benefits from researchers and forest practitioners working in a broad array of forest types in the United States. Full Article
cos User guide for HCR Estimator 2.0: software to calculate cost and revenue thresholds for harvesting small-diameter ponderosa pine By www.fs.fed.us Published On :: Thu, 22 May 2008 14:00:00 PST The HCR (Harvest Cost-Revenue) Estimator is engineering and financial analysis software used to evaluate stand-level financial thresholds for harvesting smalldiameter ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa Dougl. ex Laws.) in the Southwest United States. The Windows-based program helps contractors and planners to identify costs associated with tree selection, residual handling, transportation of raw materials, and equipment used. Costs are compared against total financial return for regionally based market opportunities to arrive at potential net profit. Information is used to identify per-acre cost thresholds, for contract appraisal, and for prioritizing project planning for wildfire fuel reduction treatments and forest restoration efforts. Full Article
cos Ecological foundations for fire management in North American forest and shrubland ecosystems By www.fs.fed.us Published On :: Thu, 19 Mar 2009 11:45:00 PST This synthesis provides an ecological foundation for management of the diverse ecosystems and fire regimes of North America, based on scientific principles of fire interactions with vegetation, fuels, and biophysical processes. Although a large amount of scientific data on fire exists, most of those data have been collected at small spatial and temporal scales. Thus, it is challenging to develop consistent science-based plans for large spatial and temporal scales where most fire management and planning occur. Understanding the regional geographic context of fire regimes is critical for developing appropriate and sustainable management strategies and policy. The degree to which human intervention has modified fire frequency, intensity, and severity varies greatly among different ecosystems, and must be considered when planning to alter fuel loads or implement restorative treatments. Detailed discussion of six ecosystems--ponderosa pine forest (western North America), chaparral (California), boreal forest (Alaska and Canada), Great Basin sagebrush (intermountain West), pine and pine-hardwood forests (Southern Appalachian Mountains), and longleaf pine (Southeastern United States)--illustrates the complexity of fire regimes and that fire management requires a clear regional focus that recognizes where conflicts might exist between fire hazard reduction and resource needs. In some systems, such as ponderosa pine, treatments are usually compatible with both fuel reduction and resource needs, whereas in others, such as chaparral, the potential exists for conflicts that need to be closely evaluated. Managing fire regimes in a changing climate and social environment requires a strong scientific basis for developing fire management and policy. Full Article
cos Giving credit where credit is due: increasing landowner compensation for ecosystem services. By www.fs.fed.us Published On :: Wed, 06 Apr 2011 11:04:00 PST Conservation of biodiversity serves a number of human needs, including maintenance of ecosystem services that are critical to the sustainability of all life. Effective biodiversity conservation will require better landowner incentives for restoration and protection of ecosystems. Many services produced from healthy, functioning landscapes are not well recognized in current conservation incentive structures, including sequestering or storing carbon in trees and soil, providing fish and wildlife habitat, filtering water, and reducing damages from natural disasters. Most existing incentive programs pay landowners to protect and restore a specific service rather than the suite of services produced from well-functioning ecosystems. Full Article
cos Ecosystem services as a framework for forest stewardship: Deschutes National Forest overview. By www.fs.fed.us Published On :: Fri, 26 Aug 2011 09:10:00 PST The concept of ecosystem services has emerged as a way of framing and describing the comprehensive set of benefits that people receive from nature. These include commonly recognized goods like timber and fresh water, as well as processes like climate regulation and water purification, and aesthetic, spiritual, and cultural benefits. The USDA Forest Service has been exploring use of the framework of ecosystem services as a way to describe goods and services provided by federal lands and attract and build partnerships with stakeholders and nongovernmental organizations. More recently, the agency has sought place-based example applications of the ecosystem service framework to explore its possible use as a tool to guide forest management, and better illustrate the concept for policymakers, managers, and potential national forest partners. Full Article