review

vivo V29e 5G Review

Read the in depth Review of vivo V29e 5G Mobile Phones. Know detailed info about vivo V29e 5G configuration, design and performance quality along with pros & cons, Digit rating, verdict based on user opinions/feedback.




review

Realme Buds Air 5 Review

Read the in depth Review of Realme Buds Air 5 Audio Video. Know detailed info about Realme Buds Air 5 configuration, design and performance quality along with pros & cons, Digit rating, verdict based on user opinions/feedback.




review

Infinix Zero 30 5G Review

Read the in depth Review of Infinix Zero 30 5G Mobile Phones. Know detailed info about Infinix Zero 30 5G configuration, design and performance quality along with pros & cons, Digit rating, verdict based on user opinions/feedback.




review

Samsung Galaxy Book3 Pro 360 Review

Read the in depth Review of Samsung Galaxy Book3 Pro 360 Laptops. Know detailed info about Samsung Galaxy Book3 Pro 360 configuration, design and performance quality along with pros & cons, Digit rating, verdict based on user opinions/feedback.




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iQOO Z7 Pro Review

Read the in depth Review of iQOO Z7 Pro Mobile Phones. Know detailed info about iQOO Z7 Pro configuration, design and performance quality along with pros & cons, Digit rating, verdict based on user opinions/feedback.




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Moto G54 Review

Read the in depth Review of Moto G54 Mobile Phones. Know detailed info about Moto G54 configuration, design and performance quality along with pros & cons, Digit rating, verdict based on user opinions/feedback.




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Moto G84 5G Review

Read the in depth Review of Moto G84 5G Mobile Phones. Know detailed info about Moto G84 5G configuration, design and performance quality along with pros & cons, Digit rating, verdict based on user opinions/feedback.




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Honor 90 Review

Read the in depth Review of Honor 90 Mobile Phones. Know detailed info about Honor 90 configuration, design and performance quality along with pros & cons, Digit rating, verdict based on user opinions/feedback.




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HP OMEN 16 (Ryzen 7 7840HS + RTX 4060) Review

Read the in depth Review of HP OMEN 16 (Ryzen 7 7840HS + RTX 4060) Laptops. Know detailed info about HP OMEN 16 (Ryzen 7 7840HS + RTX 4060) configuration, design and performance quality along with pros & cons, Digit rating, verdict based on user opinions/feedback.




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Sony SRS-XV800 Review

Read the in depth Review of Sony SRS-XV800 Audio Video. Know detailed info about Sony SRS-XV800 configuration, design and performance quality along with pros & cons, Digit rating, verdict based on user opinions/feedback.




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Motorola Edge 40 Neo Review

Read the in depth Review of Motorola Edge 40 Neo Mobile Phones. Know detailed info about Motorola Edge 40 Neo configuration, design and performance quality along with pros & cons, Digit rating, verdict based on user opinions/feedback.




review

Preview of Foresight #62 (2021-Q3)

Following is Editor Len Tashman's preview of the new issue of Foresight: The International Journal of Applied Forecasting.  Preview of Foresight #62 (2021:Q3) This 62nd issue of Foresight has been heavily “infected” by the COVID pandemic. Stephan Kolassa’s book review of Resurrecting Retail by Doug Stephens raises the question of whether the [...]

The post Preview of Foresight #62 (2021-Q3) appeared first on The Business Forecasting Deal.




review

Preview of Foresight #63 (2021-Q4)

Following is editor Len Tashman's preview of the 2021-Q4 issue of Foresight: The International Journal of Applied Forecasting. Preview of Foresight #63 (2021-Q4) FORESIGHT HALL OF FAME Adopting the idea from other journals that recognize outstanding contributions to the field through best paper awards, we are pleased to announce that [...]

The post Preview of Foresight #63 (2021-Q4) appeared first on The Business Forecasting Deal.




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Acer Swift 3 OLED Review || A Truly Powerful Thin and Light Machine




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Lenovo Yoga AIO 7 Review (AMD Ryzen 7 5800H + Radeon RX 6600M)




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OnePlus Nord CE 3 Lite review in 60 seconds! Worth The Money?





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Virtuoso Studio: Simplified Review of Operating Point Parameter Values

Read on to know about the Operating Point Parameters Summary window that gives you a one-stop view of the categorized and tabulated details on all operating point parameters in your design. This window improves your review cycle with its many benefits.(read more)



  • Analog Design Environment
  • Operating point summary window
  • Virtuoso Studio
  • Operating Point Information
  • Virtuoso Analog Design Environment
  • Custom IC Design
  • Virtuoso ADE Explorer
  • Virtuoso ADE Assembler
  • IC23.1

review

Virtuoso Studio IC 23.1: Using Net Tracer for Design Review

This blog explores how Virtuoso Studio Net Tracer can help you perform a design review.

We’ll use the net connectivity option, which allows the user to get a clean highlighted net. You can use the Net Tracer tool to highlight the nets. You can find the Net Tracer command under the connectivity pulldown menu in the layout window.

Trace manager and the ability to display different islands on the same net with other colors, you can identify and connect the unconnected islands as you wish.

The Net Tracer utility traces the nets in the physical view (layout). The trace is a highlighted net, which is a non-selectable object. The Net Tracer utility is available from Virtuoso Layout Suite XL onwards. You can use this utility based on your specific needs and preferences.

For a better understanding of the Net Tracer feature, let’s see one scenario between the circuit designer and layout engineer for a layout design review.

Circuit designer: Can we go through the routed input nets “inm” and “inp”?

Layout engineer: From the below layout view where they are highlighted using the XL connectivity, today I will use Net Tracer utility for the design review.

Circuit designer: I have never heard of this feature. Let's see how it works.

Layout engineer: Sure, now we turn on the Net Tracer toolbar using the below option.

You see the Net Tracer options form here:

As you can see on my screen, I have opened the layout view and engaged the Net Tracer utility.

Net Tracer allows shapes to be traced on a net in two tracing modes, namely, physical and logical, where shapes on the same net are physically or logically connected.

Physical tracing gathers all the shapes physically connected on the same net.

Logical tracing gathers all the shapes assigned to the same net. It highlights the net as in the source design (schematic). It will highlight shapes on the same net, even if they are isolated shapes that are not physically connected.

For this scenario, let us use physical tracing for input nets “inm” and “inp."

Highlighted nets are shown below:

Net “inm”                    Net “inp”                   Nets “inm” and “inp” 

      

Net Tracer has features like physical and logical tracing, preview, step-by-step mode, ease of tracing a net on a shape out of multiple underlying shapes, and so on.

Let us explore logical tracing for output nets “outm” and “outp”:

Here, you can see how to enable true color and halo before enabling logical tracing to identify the metal route. After enabling the true color halo, enable the logical trace.

Here, I am opening the trace manager to search “outm” and “outp” and click trace. That will trace the particular nets as shown.

Net Tracer has a preview feature, which is helpful in terms of the number of previewed objects. This preview capability hints at how the trace would appear when you create it. This useful feature in Virtuoso Studio highlights both completed and incomplete nets, helping the user better understand the status of the highlighted nets.

Circuit designer: Thanks for the design review. You have done good work. Net Tracer clearly shows both types of tracing, and it was even easy for the circuit designer to understand.

Layout engineer: Let me share the link to the Net Tracer RAK, where other layout engineers can explore many more amazing features of the Net Tracer.

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Related Resources

 Videos

Invoking the MarkNet, Net Tracer command and its options

Net Tracer Features

Video: Net Tracer saving and loading saved trace, neighboring shapes of trace

Net Tracer: Physical Tracing – Step mode

Net Tracer: Physical and Logical Tracing

Video: Net Tracer show preview option, from net and display options, shape count in trace

Video: Net Tracer using a constraint group with different display mode settings and  using the Trace Manager GUI

 RAK

Introduction to Net Tracer

 Product manual

Virtuoso Layout Suite XL: Connectivity Driven Editing User Guide IC23.1

About Knowledge Booster Training Bytes

Knowledge Booster Training Bytes is an online journal that relays information about Cadence Training videos, online courses, and upcoming webinars that are available in the Learning section of the Cadence Learning and Support portal. This blog category brings you direct links to these videos, courses, and other related material on a regular basis.

Sandhya.

On behalf of the Cadence Training team




review

Review: 2025 Hyundai Santa Fe Hybrid elevates the midsize SUV

Santa Fe Hybrid makes 231 hp and 271 lb-ft of torque Santa Fe Hybrid averaged 31 mpg combined over mostly highway miles Comfy seats, clever storage, and a spacious cargo area with the third-row folded make it a good family hauler My teen daughter’s a videographer. Whenever I test a big car, fast car, cool car, anything that’s not...




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Review: 2025 Mazda CX-50 Hybrid may not be moving enough

Mazda CX-50 Hybrid gets its 38-mpg powertrain from Toyota Styling and packaging is mostly unchanged, price is $2,550 to $3,400 more than non-hybrid Lacks much of the engaging, responsive driving experience that's distinguished Mazda Among mainstream, gasoline-fueled vehicles, with only a few exceptions, our advice to most shoppers is simple: If...




review

'Gladiator II' review: Ridley Scott grapples with modern masculinity in ancient Rome

Paul Mescal, Denzel Washington, and Pedro Pascal face off in Ridley Scott's "Gladiator II." Review.




review

'Dune: Prophecy' review: The Bene Gesserit shine in this sci-fi showstopper

"Dune: Prophecy" premieres November 17 at 9 p.m. ET on HBO and Max. Read Mashable's review.




review

'The Bear' Season 4, 'Daredevil: Born Again,' and more revealed in Disney+ 2025 preview

Disney+'s 2025 slate also includes new seasons of 'Andor' and 'Percy Jackson and the Olympians,' and originals like 'Chad Powers.'




review

NERC delays electricity tariff review for fourth time

The implementation of the Multi-Year Tariff Order (MYTO) framework for electricity pricing has again been delayed for the fourth minor review which occurs every six months. Daily Trust reports that the tariff which should now be at an average of N51 per kilowatt hour (kWh) is still at N31.8 as the implementation of the reviews […]

NERC delays electricity tariff review for fourth time




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Special Investment Facilitation Council Reviews Progress and Strategies for Economic Stability in Pakistan

The Apex Committee of the Special Investment Facilitation Council (SIFC) met to evaluate advancements in fostering investments in Pakistan. Chaired by the caretaker prime minister, discussions encompassed strategies such as the privatization of financially struggling government institutions. In a separate interaction, the Army Chief reiterated the armed forces’ dedication to supporting the nation’s economic stability. ... Read more

The post Special Investment Facilitation Council Reviews Progress and Strategies for Economic Stability in Pakistan appeared first on Pakistan Tribune.




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North Paw Cat Food Review: A Comprehensive Look for Pakistani Pet Owners

North Paw Grain Free cat food emerges as a noteworthy contender in the premium pet food market, particularly for those seeking high-quality, nutritious options for their feline friends. This review delves into the distinctive features and benefits of North Paw cat food, based on detailed analysis and user experiences, offering Pakistani pet owners a guide ... Read more

The post North Paw Cat Food Review: A Comprehensive Look for Pakistani Pet Owners appeared first on Pakistan Tribune.




review

Sierra Leone: Challenge to Constitutional Review

One of the issues being debated in Sierra Leone, as the country undergoes a constitutional review, is whether to keep in place presidential term limits.





review

Ethiopia: UN Conducts Fourth Review of Ethiopia's Human Rights Record Amid Mounting Reports of Rights Abuses

[Addis Standard] Addis Abeba -- Ethiopia's human rights record is under review today, 12 November 2024, by the United Nations Human Rights Council's Universal Periodic Review (UPR) Working Group, marking the fourth assessment of the country's human rights practices.




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Ethiopia: CPJ's Five-Year Review Reveals Significant Decline in Press Freedom Since Ethiopia's Last Review

[Addis Standard] Addis Abeba -- The Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ) presented to the UN's Human Rights Council a five-year review of press freedom in Ethiopia ahead of the United Nations Universal Periodic Review (UPR) of Ethiopia at the 47th Session taking place today by the UN's Human Rights Council.




review

Senior Compliance Review Officer

ADB has a vacancy for the position of Senior Compliance Review Officer in the Office of the Compliance Review Panel. The deadline for submitting applications is on 21-NOV-2024.




review

PTI files curative review with SC in ‘bat’ symbol case

ISLAMABAD: As a last resort after losing the election symbol, PTI on Tuesday filed a curative petition with the Supreme Court, seeking to overturn the Jan 13 and Oct 21 rulings that supported the Election Commission of Pakistan’s decision to deny the party its ‘bat’ symbol.

The curative petition is a final remedy that allows the SC to reconsider a dismissed review petition.

The 32-page petition, moved by Advocate Ajmal Ghaffar Toor, says the present petition has been necessitated by circumstances during the hearing and therefore based upon the principle of natural justice.

Besides the verdict is per incuriam and not a judgement at all, argued the petition, adding the petition was relying upon the Aug 22 Mubarak Ahmed Sani case in which the Supreme Court had altered its earlier decision.

Judgement was per incuriam, 32-page petition argues

The petition argues that the judgement was per incuriam, meaning it was made in ignorance of the terms of a statute or rule having the force of a statute. A decision made per incuriam can be considered a mistake and may not be binding.

The petition also relied on the Aug 22 Mubarak Ahmed Sani case, where the SC had altered its earlier decision, setting a precedent for revisiting previous judgements.

On Oct 21, the SC headed by former chief justice Qazi Faez Isa rejected PTI’s petition, seeking to revisit Jan 13 verdict in the bat symbol case.

The review petition was dismissed on the grounds that no illegality or material error in the judgement was pointed out by the petitioner.

During the case, the senior counsel Hamid Khan had pleaded before the apex court that he did not want to argue before a bench headed by a person who “harbours bias against PTI”.

It is the case of the petitioner that both judgements of Jan 13 and Oct 21 were void and non-existent in the eyes of law. The petition has raised questions of public importance with respect to fundamental rights and interpretation of the laws relating to the electoral rights of the people who were true sovereigns, by seeking to invite SC’s attention towards two of its own judgments, the curative review says.

On May 26, 2021, PTI had moved a curative review petition before the SC against Justice Isa who had won a case on a review petition. Then the curative review petition was moved against the majority order in favour of Justice Isa.

Later on July 21, 2023, ex-CJP Umar Ata Bandial rejected in chambers PTI’s curative review petition against Justice Isa whereas Justice Syed Mansoor Ali Shah in his additional note stated that a second review or a curative review or whatever given name, was not maintainable under Article 188 since this provision envisages only one-time exercise of this jurisdiction, whether made on a review petition or suo motu in respect of any of its judgments.

Now the fresh curative petition pleads that the SC judgment of Oct 21 was virtually an ex-parte order as no substantive hearing took place in view of the objections raised against former CJP Qazi Faez Isa and therefore it would serve the interest of justice that the judgement was set aside and the review petition was fixed for hearing again.

The curative review argued that both Justice Muhammad Ali Mazhar and Justice Musarrat Hilali, who were members of the bench which heard the review petition then, signed allegedly a blatantly biased orders, dictated by then CJP and therefore they have disqualified themselves from hearing the present petition.

Published in Dawn, November 13th, 2024




review

to write a review paper on a movie

to write a review paper on a movie




review

Prehistoric Planet 2 review: Attenborough returns to ancient Earth

The second series of this show about Earth 66 million years ago is a joy to watch - but it inspires more than it informs. A little more science would have been nice




review

The Biology of Kindness review: Living well and prospering

Can cultivating positive behaviours and tweaking our lifestyles lead to healthier, happier lives – even longer lives? Discover the daily choices that may make the difference in a fascinating new book




review

Missed Diagnoses in ICU Often Have Deadly Results: Review

Title: Missed Diagnoses in ICU Often Have Deadly Results: Review
Category: Health News
Created: 8/28/2012 2:05:00 PM
Last Editorial Review: 8/29/2012 12:00:00 AM




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Serious Reactions to Vaccines Rarely Recur: Review

Title: Serious Reactions to Vaccines Rarely Recur: Review
Category: Health News
Created: 8/28/2017 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/28/2017 12:00:00 AM




review

Impaired lung function and associated risk factors in children born prematurely: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background

Immature lung development and respiratory morbidity place preterm-born children at high risk of long-term pulmonary sequelae. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to quantify lung function in preterm-born children and identify risk factors for a compromised lung function.

Methods

We searched MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science and Scopus for relevant studies published on preterm cohorts born since 1990. Studies comparing forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) in preterm-born children aged ≥5 years to term-born controls or normative data were included. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle–Ottawa Scale for cohort studies. Standardised mean differences in FEV1 and secondary spirometry outcomes per study were pooled using meta-analysis. The impact of different demographic and neonatal variables on studies’ FEV1 effect sizes was investigated by meta-regression analyses. Certainty of evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluations framework.

Results

We identified 42 studies with unique cohorts including 4743 preterm children and 9843 controls. Median gestational age in the studies was 28.0 weeks and age at assessment ranged from 6.7 to 16.7 years. Preterm children had lower FEV1 than controls (–0.58 sd, 95% CI –0.69– –0.47 sd, p<0.001) resulting in a relative risk of 2.9 (95% CI 2.4–3.4) for abnormal outcome, with high certainty of evidence. FEV1 was significantly associated with gestational age, birthweight, bronchopulmonary dysplasia and invasive mechanical ventilation in univariate meta-regression analyses (R2=36–96%).

Conclusion

This systematic review shows robust evidence of impaired lung function in preterm-born children with a high certainty of evidence.




review

Epidemiology of severe asthma in children: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background

Severe asthma significantly impacts a minority of children with asthma, leading to frequent symptoms, hospitalisations and potential long-term health consequences. However, accurate global data on severe asthma epidemiology is lacking. This study aims to address this gap, providing data on severe asthma epidemiology, regional differences and associated comorbidities.

Methods

We conducted a rigorous systematic review and meta-analysis following a registered protocol (PROSPERO CRD42023472845). We searched PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science for cohort or cross-sectional studies published since 2003, evaluating severe asthma incidence and prevalence in children. Study quality and risk of bias were assessed using STROBE guidelines.

Results

Nine studies investigating European children with asthma (aged 5–18 years) were included in the meta-analysis. No significant publication bias was found. The overall severe asthma prevalence in children with asthma was 3% (95% CI 1–6; I2=99.9%; p<0.001), with no significant difference between males and females. Prevalence estimates varied significantly depending on the diagnostic criteria used (Global Initiative for Asthma: 6%; European Respiratory Society/American Thoracic Society: 1%; other: 3%). Because none of the examined studies were prospectively designed, incidence rates could not be determined.

Conclusions

This systematic review and meta-analysis provide the first robust assessment of severe asthma prevalence among European children. Our findings underscore the need for comprehensive research to address knowledge gaps in severe asthma, including determining incidence rates, standardising definitions, investigating regional differences and evaluating comorbidities and treatment strategies.




review

Noninvasive diagnostic modalities and prediction models for detecting pulmonary hypertension associated with interstitial lung disease: a narrative review

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is highly prevalent in patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Widely available noninvasive screening tools are warranted to identify patients at risk for PH, especially severe PH, that could be managed at expert centres. This review summarises current evidence on noninvasive diagnostic modalities and prediction models for the timely detection of PH in patients with ILD. It critically evaluates these approaches and discusses future perspectives in the field. A comprehensive literature search was carried out in PubMed and Scopus, identifying 39 articles that fulfilled inclusion criteria. There is currently no single noninvasive test capable of accurately detecting and diagnosing PH in ILD patients. Estimated right ventricular pressure (RVSP) on Doppler echocardiography remains the single most predictive factor of PH, with other indirect echocardiographic markers increasing its diagnostic accuracy. However, RVSP can be difficult to estimate in patients due to suboptimal views from extensive lung disease. The majority of existing composite scores, including variables obtained from chest computed tomography, pulmonary function tests and cardiopulmonary exercise tests, were derived from retrospective studies, whilst lacking validation in external cohorts. Only two available scores, one based on a stepwise echocardiographic approach and the other on functional parameters, predicted the presence of PH with sufficient accuracy and used a validation cohort. Although several methodological limitations prohibit their generalisability, their use may help physicians to detect PH earlier. Further research on the potential of artificial intelligence may guide a more tailored approach, for timely PH diagnosis.




review

Multicomponent services for symptoms in serious respiratory illness: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background

People living with serious respiratory illness experience a high burden of symptoms. This review aimed to determine whether multicomponent services reduce symptoms in people with serious illness related to respiratory disease.

Methods

Electronic databases were searched to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating multicomponent services that enrolled patients due to symptoms, rather than underlying disease, and provided at least one nonpharmacological intervention. The primary outcome was chronic breathlessness and secondary outcomes were health-related quality of life (HRQoL), cough, fatigue and adverse events. At least two authors independently screened studies, assessed risk of bias and extracted data.

Results

Five RCTs, involving 439 patients, were included. In comparison to usual care, multicomponent services improved breathlessness mastery (Chronic Respiratory Questionnaire (CRQ) mastery scale, mean difference (MD) 0.43 points, 95% CI 0.20–0.67, three RCTs, 327 participants) and HRQoL (CRQ total score, MD 0.24 points, 95% CI 0.04–0.40, two RCTs, 237 participants). Fatigue did not improve with multicomponent services and no studies evaluated cough. No serious adverse events were reported. The one study evaluating mortality found increased survival in those accessing a multicomponent service. The certainty of evidence was very low, mainly due to detection and reporting bias.

Conclusion

Multicomponent services improve breathlessness mastery and HRQoL, with minimal risk. These findings support the use of multicomponent symptom-directed services for people living with serious respiratory illness.




review

The effect of graded exercise therapy on fatigue in people with serious respiratory illness: a systematic review

Background

In adults with serious respiratory illness, fatigue is prevalent and under-recognised, with few treatment options. The aim of this review was to assess the impact of graded exercise therapy (GET) on fatigue in adults with serious respiratory illness.

Methods

Electronic databases were searched to identify randomised controlled trials (RCTs) testing GET (involving incremental increases in exercise from an established baseline) in adults with serious respiratory illness. The primary outcome was fatigue and secondary outcomes were health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and adverse events. Two authors independently screened for inclusion, evaluated risk of bias and extracted data.

Results

76 RCTs were included with 3309 participants, most with a diagnosis of COPD or asthma. Reductions in fatigue measured by the Chronic Respiratory Disease Questionnaire fatigue domain score were demonstrated following GET consisting of aerobic with/without resistance training (mean difference (MD) 0.53 points, 95% CI 0.41–0.65, 11 RCTs, 624 participants) and GET using resistance training alone (MD 0.58 points, 95% CI 0.21–0.96, two RCTs, 82 participants) compared with usual care. Although the mean effect exceeded the minimal important difference, the lower end of the confidence intervals did not always exceed this threshold so the clinical significance could not be confirmed. GET consistently improved HRQoL in people with a range of chronic respiratory diseases on multiple HRQoL measures. No serious adverse events related to GET were reported.

Conclusion

GET may improve fatigue alongside consistent improvements in HRQoL in people with serious respiratory illness. These findings support the use of GET in the care of people with serious respiratory illness.




review

Breathing techniques to reduce symptoms in people with serious respiratory illness: a systematic review

Background

In adults with serious respiratory illness, breathlessness is prevalent and associated with reduced health-related quality of life. The aim of this review was to assess the impact of breathing techniques on breathlessness in adults with serious respiratory illness.

Methods

Electronic databases were searched to identify randomised controlled trials testing breathing techniques (techniques that aim to alter the respiratory pattern, excluding respiratory muscle training) in people with serious respiratory illness. The primary outcome was breathlessness and secondary outcomes were health-related quality of life and adverse events. Two authors independently screened for inclusion, evaluated risk of bias and extracted data.

Results

73 randomised controlled trials were included with 5479 participants, most with COPD or asthma. Breathing exercises (pursed lip and/or diaphragmatic breathing) reduced breathlessness measured by the modified Medical Research Council scale compared to usual care (mean difference (MD) –0.40 points, 95% CI –0.70– –0.11, eight studies, n=323), although the effect did not exceed the minimal important difference. Yoga breathing also improved modified Medical Research Council score compared to usual care (MD –1.05 points, 95% CI –2.45–0.35, three studies, n=175). Breathing techniques consistently improved health-related quality of life in people with COPD and asthma on multiple health-related quality of life measures in comparison to usual care, with effects that generally exceeded the minimal important difference. No adverse events related to breathing techniques were reported.

Conclusion

Breathing techniques may improve breathlessness, and consistently improve health-related quality of life, in people with serious respiratory illness. These findings support the use of breathing exercises in the care of people with serious respiratory illness.




review

Opioids for the palliation of symptoms in people with serious respiratory illness: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background

People living with serious respiratory illness experience a high burden of distressing symptoms. Although opioids are prescribed for symptom management, they generate adverse events, and their benefits are unclear.

Methods

We examined the efficacy and safety of opioids for symptom management in people with serious respiratory illness. Embase, MEDLINE and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched up to 11 July 2022. Reports of randomised controlled trials administering opioids to treat symptoms in people with serious respiratory illness were included. Key exclusion criteria included <80% of participants having a nonmalignant lung disease. Data were extracted regarding study characteristics, outcomes of breathlessness, cough, health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and adverse events. Treatment effects were pooled using a generic inverse variance model with random effects. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool version 1.

Results

Out of 17 included trials, six were laboratory-based exercise trials (n=70), 10 were home studies measuring breathlessness in daily life (n=788) and one (n=18) was conducted in both settings. Overall certainty of evidence was "very low" to "low". Opioids reduced breathlessness intensity during laboratory exercise testing (standardised mean difference (SMD) –0.37, 95% CI –0.67– –0.07), but not breathlessness measured in daily life (SMD –0.10, 95% CI –0.64–0.44). No effects on HRQoL (SMD –0.42, 95% CI –0.98–0.13) or cough (SMD –1.42, 95% CI –3.99–1.16) were detected. In at-home studies, opioids led to increased frequency of nausea/vomiting (OR 3.32, 95% CI 1.70–6.51), constipation (OR 3.08, 95% CI 1.69–5.61) and drowsiness (OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.01–1.86), with serious adverse events including hospitalisation and death identified.

Conclusions

Opioids improved exertional breathlessness in laboratory exercise studies, but did not improve breathlessness, cough or HRQoL measured in daily life at home. There were significant adverse events, which may outweigh any benefits.




review

The chromatin tapestry as a framework for neurodevelopment [MINI-REVIEW]

The neuronal nucleus houses a meticulously organized genome. Within this structure, genetic material is not simply compacted but arranged into a precise and functional 3D chromatin landscape essential for cellular regulation. This mini-review highlights the importance of this chromatin landscape in healthy neurodevelopment, as well as the diseases that occur with aberrant chromatin architecture. We discuss insights into the fundamental mechanistic relationship between histone modifications, DNA methylation, and genome organization. We then discuss findings that reveal how these epigenetic features change throughout normal neurodevelopment. Finally, we highlight single-gene neurodevelopmental disorders that illustrate the interdependence of epigenetic features, showing how disruptions in DNA methylation or genome architecture can ripple across the entire epigenome. As such, we emphasize the importance of measuring multiple chromatin architectural aspects, as the disruption of one mechanism can likely impact others in the intricate epigenetic network. This mini-review underscores the vast gaps in our understanding of chromatin structure in neurodevelopmental diseases and the substantial research needed to understand the interplay between chromatin features and neurodevelopment.




review

Using Primary Health Care Electronic Medical Records to Predict Hospitalizations, Emergency Department Visits, and Mortality: A Systematic Review

Introduction:

High-quality primary care can reduce avoidable emergency department visits and emergency hospitalizations. The availability of electronic medical record (EMR) data and capacities for data storage and processing have created opportunities for predictive analytics. This systematic review examines studies which predict emergency department visits, hospitalizations, and mortality using EMR data from primary care.

Methods:

Six databases (Ovid MEDLINE, PubMed, Embase, EBM Reviews (Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Cochrane Methodology Register, Health Technology Assessment, NHS Economic Evaluation Database), Scopus, CINAHL) were searched to identify primary peer-reviewed studies in English from inception to February 5, 2020. The search was initially conducted on January 18, 2019, and updated on February 5, 2020.

Results:

A total of 9456 citations were double-reviewed, and 31 studies met the inclusion criteria. The predictive ability measured by C-statistics (ROC) of the best performing models from each study ranged from 0.57 to 0.95. Less than half of the included studies used artificial intelligence methods and only 7 (23%) were externally validated. Age, medical diagnoses, sex, medication use, and prior health service use were the most common predictor variables. Few studies discussed or examined the clinical utility of models.

Conclusions:

This review helps address critical gaps in the literature regarding the potential of primary care EMR data. Despite further work required to address bias and improve the quality and reporting of prediction models, the use of primary care EMR data for predictive analytics holds promise.




review

Prevalence of Dental Caries and Utilization of Dental Services among WIC-participating Children: A scoping review

Purpose Low-income children experience disproportionately high rates of dental caries and challenges in accessing dental care compared to their higher-income peers. The purpose of this scoping review was to examine the prevalence of dental caries and dental service utilization among Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) enrolled children.Methods The literature search and review were conducted between September 2023 and February 2024. The review followed the PRISMA-ScR reporting guidelines and included three databases: PubMed, CINAHL, and Dentistry & Oral Sciences Source. The study focused on children aged one to five participating in WIC within the United States (US) and aimed to determine the prevalence of dental service utilization and dental caries in the targeted population.Results This review includes twelve articles that are quantitative observational studies conducted from February 2001 to February 2023. Most of the studies were conducted in WIC programs in the Southern and Midwest regions of the US. Dental caries rates decreased by 61.8% from 2004 to 2016, with the highest prevalence in 2004, and the lowest prevalence in 2016. Dental service utilization among WIC children increased by 56.9% from 1992 to 2020.Conclusion There has been an increase in dental service utilization among WIC-enrolled children, with an overall decrease in dental caries over the last two decades. However, the prevalence of dental caries remains disproportionately high for children enrolled in WIC when compared to non-participants. To develop effective dental interventions for children enrolled in WIC, it is fundamental to identify the unique determinants of dental caries in this population.




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A Review of Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Product Life Cycle Management

The pursuit of harnessing data for knowledge creation has been an enduring quest, with the advent of machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) marking significant milestones in this journey. ML, a subset of AI, emerged as the practice of employing mathematical models to enable computers to learn and improve autonomously based on their experiences. In the pharmaceutical and biopharmaceutical sectors, a significant portion of manufacturing data remains untapped or insufficient for practical use. Recognizing the potential advantages of leveraging the available data for process design and optimization, manufacturers face the daunting challenge of data utilization. Diverse proprietary data formats and parallel data generation systems compound the complexity. The transition to Pharma 4.0 necessitates a paradigm shift in data capture, storage, and accessibility for manufacturing and process operations. This paper highlights the pivotal role of AI in converting process data into actionable knowledge to support critical functions throughout the whole product life cycle. Furthermore, it underscores the importance of maintaining compliance with data integrity guidelines, as mandated by regulatory bodies globally. Embracing AI-driven transformations is a crucial step toward shaping the future of the pharmaceutical industry, ensuring its competitiveness and resilience in an evolving landscape.




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Decoding biology with massively parallel reporter assays and machine learning [Reviews]

Massively parallel reporter assays (MPRAs) are powerful tools for quantifying the impacts of sequence variation on gene expression. Reading out molecular phenotypes with sequencing enables interrogating the impact of sequence variation beyond genome scale. Machine learning models integrate and codify information learned from MPRAs and enable generalization by predicting sequences outside the training data set. Models can provide a quantitative understanding of cis-regulatory codes controlling gene expression, enable variant stratification, and guide the design of synthetic regulatory elements for applications from synthetic biology to mRNA and gene therapy. This review focuses on cis-regulatory MPRAs, particularly those that interrogate cotranscriptional and post-transcriptional processes: alternative splicing, cleavage and polyadenylation, translation, and mRNA decay.