High sodium intake is considered an indirect cause of obesity because it is often accompanied by higher energy intake and sugar-sweetened soft drink consumption. High sodium intake is associated with increased inflammatory response in adult patients.

This study shows that high sodium intake is positively associated with adiposity, leptin, and tumor necrosis factor-α independent of total energy intake and sugar-sweetened soft drink consumption in healthy white and African American adolescents. (Read the full article)

Concussions in youth are a common injury evaluated in the emergency department (ED). Early recognition and active management of this mild traumatic brain injury are important to safe recovery. Tools to assess and manage concussion in the ED are lacking.

Acute Concussion Evaluation tools, modified for ED use, improved reported follow-up with primary care or concussion specialists and adherence to recommendations. Barriers to follow-up remain and the importance of ongoing outpatient management should be stressed. (Read the full article)

US children consume excessive amounts of sodium and substantial amounts of added sugars. Early life exposures to salt and sugar can set taste preferences and health trajectories.

A substantial proportion of toddler meals and other commercial foods meant for children age ≥12 months are of potential concern because of their high sodium content or presence of ≥1 added sugar. (Read the full article)

Texas has become the first state to have its "alternate assessment aligned to modified academic-achievement standards" pass the U.S. Department of Education's peer-review process.

This article, published ahead of print on 28 July 2008, has been withdrawn by the authors. Although moderate synergy between P2-RANTES and C peptides can be observed with high statistical significance in cell fusion assays, this synergy was not able to be verified in HIV viral assays. The authors regret the overstatement of synergy and will revise the paper for publication at a later date.

Malaria parasites invade and replicate within red blood cells (RBCs), extensively modifying their structure and gaining access to the extracellular environment by placing the plasmodial surface anion channel (PSAC) into the RBC membrane. Expression of members of the cytoadherence linked antigen gene 3 (clag3) family is required for PSAC activity, a process that is regulated epigenetically. PSAC is a well-established route of uptake for large, hydrophilic antimalarial compounds and parasites can acquire resistance by silencing clag3 gene expression, thereby reducing drug uptake. We found that exposure to sub-IC50 concentrations of the histone methyltransferase inhibitor chaetocin caused substantial changes in both clag3 gene expression and RBC permeability, reversing acquired resistance to the antimalarial compound blasticidin S that is transported through PSAC. Chaetocin treatment also altered progression of parasites through their replicative cycle, presumably by changing their ability to modify chromatin appropriately to enable DNA replication. These results indicate that targeting histone modifiers could represent a novel tool for reversing epigenetically acquired drug resistance in P. falciparum.

Since 2012, single low dose of primaquine (SLDPQ, 0.25mg/kg) has been recommended with artemisinin-based combination therapies, as first-line treatment of acute uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria, to interrupt its transmission, especially in low transmission settings of multidrug, including artemisinin, resistance. Policy makers in Cambodia have been reluctant to implement this recommendation due to primaquine safety concerns and lack of data on its efficacy.

In this randomized controlled trial, 109 Cambodians with acute uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria received dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP) alone or combined with SLDPQ on the first treatment day. Transmission-blocking efficacy of SLDPQ was evaluated on Days 0, 1, 2, 3, 7, 14, 21, 28 and recrudescence by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) (gametocyte prevalence) and membrane-feeding assays with Anopheles minimus mosquitoes (gametocyte infectivity). Without the influence of recrudescent infections, DP+SLDPQ reduced gametocyte carriage 3 fold compared to DP. Of 48 patients tested on Day 0, only three patients were infectious to mosquitoes (~6%). Post-treatment, three patients were infectious: on D14 (3.5%, 1/29), and on the first and seventh day of recrudescence (8.3%, 1/12 for each); this overall low infectivity precluded our ability to assess its transmission blocking efficacy.

Our study confirms effective gametocyte clearance of SLDPQ when combined with DP in multidrug resistant P. falciparum and the negative impact of recrudescent infections due to poor DP efficacy. Artesunate-mefloquine (ASMQ) has replaced DP and ASMQ-SLDPQ has been deployed to treat all P. falciparum symptomatic patients to further support the elimination of multidrug resistant P. falciparum in Cambodia.

The rapid evolution of resistance in the malaria parasite to every single drug developed against it calls for the urgent identification of new molecular targets. Using a stain specific for the detection of intracellular amyloid deposits in live cells we have detected the presence of abundant protein aggregates in Plasmodium falciparum blood stages and female gametes cultured in vitro, in the blood stages of mice infected by Plasmodium yoelii, and in the mosquito stages of the murine malaria species Plasmodium berghei. Aggregated proteins could not be detected in early rings, the parasite form that starts the intraerythrocytic cycle. A proteomics approach was followed to pinpoint actual aggregating polypeptides in functional P. falciparum blood stages, which resulted in the identification of 369 proteins, with roles particularly enriched in nuclear import-related processes. Five aggregation-prone short peptides selected from this protein pool exhibited different aggregation propensity according to Thioflavin-T fluorescence measurements, and were observed to form amorphous aggregates and amyloid fibrils in transmission electron microscope images. The results presented suggest that generalized protein aggregation might have a functional role in malaria parasites. Future antimalarial strategies based on the upsetting of the pathogen's proteostasis and therefore affecting multiple gene products could represent the entry to new therapeutic approaches.

Many transferable quinolone-resistance mechanisms have been already identified in Gram-negative bacteria. The plasmid-encoded 65 amino-acid long ciprofloxacin-modifying enzyme, namely CrpP, was recently identified in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. We analyzed a collection of 100 clonally-unrelated and multidrug-resistant P. aeruginosa clinical isolates among which 46 (46%) were found positive for crpP-like genes, encoding five CrpP variants conferring variable levels of reduced susceptibility to fluoroquinolones. Those crpP-like genes were chromosomally located, as part of PAGI-like pathogenicity genomic islands.

As resistance to artemisinins (current frontline drugs in malaria treatment) emerges in south East Asia, there is an urgent need to identify the genetic determinants and understand the molecular mechanisms underpinning such resistance. Such insights could lead to prospective interventions to contain resistance and prevent the eventual spread to other malaria endemic regions. Artemisinin reduced susceptibility in South East Asia (SEA) has been primarily linked to mutations in P. falciparum Kelch-13, which is currently widely recognised as a molecular marker of artemisinin resistance. However, 2 mutations in a ubiquitin hydrolase, UBP-1, have been previously associated with artemisinin reduced susceptibility in a rodent model of malaria and some cases of UBP-1 mutation variants associating with artemisinin treatment failure have been reported in Africa and SEA. In this study, we have employed CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing and pre-emptive drug pressures to test these artemisinin susceptibility associated mutations in UBP-1 in P. berghei sensitive lines in vivo. Using these approaches, we have shown that the V2721F UBP-1 mutation results in reduced artemisinin susceptibility, while the V2752F mutation results in resistance to chloroquine and moderately impacts tolerance to artemisinins. Genetic reversal of the V2752F mutation restored chloroquine sensitivity in these mutant lines while simultaneous introduction of both mutations could not be achieved and appears to be lethal. Interestingly, these mutations carry a detrimental growth defect, which would possibly explain their lack of expansion in natural infection settings. Our work has provided independent experimental evidence on the role of UBP-1 in modulating parasite responses to artemisinin and chloroquine under in vivo conditions.

CYP450 enzymes are involved in biotransformation of chloroquine (CQ), but the role of the different metabolism profiles of this drug has not been properly investigated in relation to P. vivax recurrences. To investigate the influence of CYPs genotypes associated with CQ-metabolism on early recurrence rates of P. vivax, a case-control study was carried out. Cases included patients presenting an early recurrence (CQ-recurrent), defined as recurrence during the first 28 days after initial infection, plasma concentrations of CQ plus desethylchloroquine (DCQ, the major CQ metabolite) higher than 100 ng/mL. A control (CQ-responsive) with no parasite recurrence over the follow-up was also included. CQ and DCQ plasma levels were measured on Day 28. CQ CYPs (CYP2C8, CYP3A4 and CYP3A5) genotypes were determined by real-time PCR. An ex vivo study was conducted to verify CQ and DCQ efficacy in P. vivax isolates. The frequency of alleles associated with normal and slow metabolism was similar between the cases and controls for CYP2C8 (OR=1.45, 95% CI=0.51-4.14, p=0.570), CYP3A4 (OR=2.38, 95% CI=0.92-6.19, p=0.105) and CYP3A5 (OR=4.17, 95% CI=0.79-22.04, p=1.038) genes. DCQ levels were higher than CQ, regardless of the genotype. Regarding the DCQ/CQ rate, there was no difference between groups or between those patients who had a normal or mutant genotype. DCQ and CQ showed similar efficacy ex vivo. CYPs genotypes had no influence on early recurrence rates. Similar efficacy of CQ and DCQ ex vivo could explain the absence of therapeutic failure, despite presence of alleles associated with slow metabolism.

Earlier genetic and inhibitor studies have shown that epigenetic regulation of gene expression is critical for malaria parasite survival in multiple life stages and a promising target for new anti-malarials. We therefore evaluated the activity of 350 diverse epigenetic inhibitors against multiple stages of Plasmodium falciparum. We observed ≥90% inhibition at 10 μM for 28% of compounds against asexual blood stages and early gametocytes, of which a third retained ≥90% inhibition at 1 μM.

BACKGROUND:

The ability of the decades-old Boston and Philadelphia criteria to accurately identify infants at low risk for serious bacterial infections has not been recently reevaluated.

BACKGROUND:

Pediatricians are less frequently sued than other physicians. When suits are successful, however, the average payout is higher. Little is known about changes in the risk of litigation over time. We sought to characterize malpractice lawsuit trends for pediatricians over time.

Parental control app Qustodio is a highly configurable, easy-to-manage tool for keeping track of your child's activity on Windows, Mac, iOS, and Android devices, though it comes at a premium price.

After months of hard work and preparation, nearly a dozen Penn State Hazleton seniors are now one step closer to graduating after presenting their Capstone Research and Design Thesis projects.

OM Chile's Agape ministry has been running an Alpha course in the day centre for homeless people. Bethany Lyttle shares of her experience there.

Sonam, who is currently in Delhi with her husband and in-laws, has been posting pictures of the arrangements of the intimate celebration at the Ahuja household.

They had started their journey on foot from Maharashtra hoping to reach Madhya Pradesh, but it was their bodies that reached their home districts of Shahdol and Umaria by special trains on Saturday...

 Seeks to amend noti.No.146/94-Customs dated 13.07.94 so as to modify conditions for shooting equipment

Weekday – This route is operating on a Saturday schedule.

Weekend – DART is operating normal weekend service.

If you are feeling sick, please do not take public transit or visit public facilities. For more information on the state's response to the Coronavirus, visit de.gov/coronavirus.

Thank you.

Route 18 is operating on limited service, the trips are highlighted in yellow on the PDF schedule.

If you are feeling sick, please do not take public transit or visit public facilities. For more information on the state's response to the Coronavirus, visit de.gov/coronavirus.

Thank you.

Weekday – Route 15 is operating on a Saturday schedule and has added additional weekday trips to its schedule that are highlighted in yellow on the PDF schedule.

Weekend – DART is operating normal weekend service.

If you are feeling sick, please do not take public transit or visit public facilities. For more information on the state's response to the Coronavirus, visit de.gov/coronavirus.

Thank you.

Weekday – Route 301 is operating on a Saturday schedule and has added additional weekday trips to its schedule that are highlighted in yellow on the PDF schedule.

Saturday – DART is operating normal weekend service.

If you are feeling sick, please do not take public transit or visit public facilities. For more information on the state's response to the Coronavirus, visit de.gov/coronavirus.

Thank you.

Weekday – This route is operating on a Saturday schedule.

Saturday – DART is operating normal Saturday service.

If you are feeling sick, please do not take public transit or visit public facilities. For more information on the state's response to the Coronavirus, visit de.gov/coronavirus.

Thank you.

Weekday – This route is operating on a Saturday schedule.

Saturday – DART is operating normal Saturday service.

If you are feeling sick, please do not take public transit or visit public facilities. For more information on the state's response to the Coronavirus, visit de.gov/coronavirus.

Thank you.

Like Maharashtra and Telangana, Odisha has also been forced to cut expenditure and defer some others, including salary payments to manage the finances at the current juncture.

In view of the mounting attacks amid the Coronavirus outbreak, the IMA had been demanding that the government formulate a law to protect health workers.

Uttarakhand Chief Minister Trivendra Singh Rawat said businesses should start operations in a phased manner, after taking precautionary measures.

DNREC is soliciting letters of interest to enter into projects that will support local resilience planning and adaptation activities in Delaware.

WILMINGTON, Del. –  Governor John Carney on Friday authorized all meetings of public bodies to be conducted electronically until further notice. Governor Carney on Thursday issued a State of Emergency declaration to prepare for the spread of Coronavirus (COVID-19). The emergency declaration allows the State of Delaware executive branch agencies to conduct public meetings electronically to […]

Anglers encouraged to practice responsible social distancing. Trout streams closed March 21 until opening.

In consultation with the Delaware Department of Insurance, Governor John Carney today issued a sixth modification to the state of emergency that requires that insurers cease cancellations or nonrenewals of insurance policies due to nonpayment throughout the duration of the declared Delaware State of Emergency for those residents and business owners who are experiencing a […]

Modification provides additional protections for Delaware renters WILMINGTON, Del. – Governor John Carney on Thursday issued the fourteenth modification to his State of Emergency declaration, providing additional protections for Delaware renters during the COVID-19 pandemic, and extending the application deadline for Delaware’s Senior School Property Tax Credit Program until June 1.  Click here to read the full text […]

La modificación prevé protecciones adicionales para los arrendatarios de Delaware   WILMINGTON, Del. – El gobernador John Carney emitió el jueves la decimocuarta modificación a su declaración de Estado de Emergencia, la cual prevé protecciones adicionales para los arrendatarios de Delaware durante la pandemia de COVID-19, y extiende hasta el 1.° de junio la fecha […]

Modifikasyon an bay plis pwoteksyon pou lokatènan Delaware   WILMINGTON, Del. – Gouvènè John Carney te pibliye nan Jedi a katòzyèm modifikasyon sou deklarasyon ijans li a, bay plispwoteksyon pou lokatè nan Delaware pandan pandemi COVID-19 la, epi pwolonje dat limit aplikasyon pou pwogram kredi sou TaksPwopriyete nan Lekòl Segondè ki nan Delaware jiska 1ye jen.  Klike […]

If rumours are to be believed, Maruti Suzuki could introduce a 5-door Jimny in India, then this modified model rendering could be the first glimpse of what it might look like.

Delaware to Distribute Potassium Iodide (KI) Tablets   (Smyrna) – The Delaware Emergency Management Agency (DEMA) and Delaware Division of Public Health will distribute potassium iodide (KI) tablets to Delaware residents living within a ten mile radius of the Salem/Hope Creek Nuclear Generating Stations. The free tablets will be distributed on Thursday, October 3, 2019, […]

A coalition of UK associations at the university level, and a few support organizations, has urged the UK government, for improving the student visa system, in meeting its future goals. The goal is to get 600,000 global higher education students in the…

PM Boris Johnson is set to change the plan about the minimum £30,000 earning the threshold for migrants who aim to enter the UK after the exit of Britain from the EU.The Reasons Behind the DecisionThe proposal appears to not fit in with his plan to…

The recently introduced Scout variant of the Skoda Kodiaq in India comes with several visual updates which provide it with a unique appearance over the Style and L&K trims. In addition to this, it comes with a new off-road mode which promises to make this SUV more capable on the beaten path. In this video, […]

Terming this as one of the first known antibodies to neutralize SARS-CoV-2, Jason McLellan, associate professor of molecular biosciences at UT Austin and co-senior author, made a reference to the virus that causes COVID-19.

Therefore, an alternate therapeutic regimen for early deployment is critical, the vaccine-maker said in the statement.

  There’s no denying the fact that we’re seeing explosive growth in smartphones both, in terms of  features and specifications. As cliched as it may sound, it’s the absolute truth...

Pawar’s letter to Modi dated April 25 echoed similar demands raised by many states including Kerala and Punjab, and underlined the notion that cutting spending was hardly an option for states at this juncture.

The prime minister is said to have suggested exploring possibility of creating commodity specific Board or Council so that cluster/contract farming takes place as that will help increase agricultural exports from the country.

The Odisha government’s direct benefit transfer (DBT) scheme for farmers, Kalia, which was announced a few months before the Assembly elections last year, may be curtailed and subsumed in the PM-Kisan scheme run by the Centre.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi held a crucial meeting with home minister Amit Shah and finance minister Nirmala Sitharaman to firm up strategies for the financial sector in the aftermath of the Covid-19 outbreak.

The revenue situation will only get worse next month as the lockdown in the whole of April would be reflected in collections in May, said Bihar Deputy CM Sushil Kumar Modi.

AIMIM chief said Muslims gave their testimony of being patriots by choosing to remain in India but the prime minister is asking for proof of citizenship from that very community.