pti

iQOO 13 Colour Options Revealed Ahead of Launch in India on December 3

iQOO 13 is set to launch in India in December, and the handset is anticipated to arrive in global markets with identical specifications as the model that was launched in China last month. The company has now announced that the iQOO 13 will be offered in India in two colour options.




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Bitcoin Price Nears $90,000 After US President-Elect Donald Trump's Victory: What's Fuelling the Optimism Around Crypto

Bitcoin created its third all-time high in the past week, surging past $89,900 (roughly Rs. 75.9 lakh) in the last 24 hours, amid an ongoing surge spurred by Donald Trump's victory in the recently concluded US Presidential elections.  Here's why investors are optimistic about US President-elect Donald Trump's return to the White House in January 2025.




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Leonardo DiCaprio Turns 50: Titanic To Inception, A Look At Actor's Best Performances

Leonardo DiCaprio has won numerous Golden Globe Awards, Screen Actors Guild Awards, and BAFTA Awards




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Dhadak 2: Triptii Dimri, Siddhant Chaturvedi Start Shooting For Sequel To 2018 Film. See Viral Pics

The first movie released in 2018 and featured Janhvi Kapoor and Ishaan Khatter in the lead roles




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The Summer I Turned Pretty Actor Gavin Casalegno Marries Girlfriend Cheyanne King: "Forever Captivated By You"

The couple's sudden wedding announcement took many by surprise, with fans expressing their shock over the actor's private relationship and quick wedding




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Delaware Captive Insurance Legislation Signed by Governor

State’s dormancy laws now offer greater flexibility With the Governor’s recent signature, Delaware’s Captive Insurance Division is celebrating increased flexibility in its offerings to captive insurance companies. Senate Substitute 1 for Senate Bill 36 allows captives to be classified as registered series, offers clarity to provisions regarding insuring a parent company, and allows for a […]




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Delaware Captive Bureau to Welcome New Director

Department shares appreciation for Steve Kinion’s years of service The Delaware Department of Insurance today announced a planned leadership transition following an upcoming departure of long-time Captive Bureau Director Steve Kinion on September 30. The unique form of insurance regulated by this division contributes millions of dollars to the State of Delaware and City of […]




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Stephen Taylor to Lead Delaware Captive Bureau

The Delaware Department of Insurance today announced that industry veteran Stephen Taylor has joined the department as the incoming Director of its world-renowned Captive Bureau. Taylor will succeed Steve Kinion, who transitions out of the role on September 30. “Stephen Taylor’s extensive experience as an innovative yet meticulous insurance regulator stood out amongst contract applicants […]




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Delaware Launches D&O Guidance, Other Improvements to Foster Captive Industry Growth

Process and regulatory changes developed in partnership with the Delaware Captive Insurance Association Insurance Commissioner Trinidad Navarro and the Delaware Captive Insurance Association (DCIA) are proud to announce a series of process and regulatory improvements intended to ensure Delaware remains a top domicile for businesses seeking to form captive insurance companies. The news was shared […]




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Study Links High-Fat Dairy Consumption To Increased Risk Of Fatty Liver Disease

The study showed that low-medium fat dairy products may be protective, and should be preferred over high-fat dairy to prevent Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD).




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Saudi Arabia Replaces CEO Of Futuristic Mega-City NEOM Amid Rising Scepticism

Saudi Arabia announced that it was replacing the chief executive of its futuristic mega-city NEOM as scepticism mounts over the Gulf kingdom's most ambitious development projects.




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Airlines Cancel Flights After Volcanic Eruptions. Why That's A Good Thing

At least three airlines cancelled flights between Australia and Bali this week after a volcano eruption in eastern Indonesia spewed a vast plume of volcanic ash into the air.




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Division of Small Business Now Accepting Applications for Site Readiness Fund

The Delaware Division of Small Business is now accepting applications for the Site Readiness Fund from qualified businesses or local governments. Established through Senate Bill 127, the fund promotes economic growth and stability by investing in the development or improvement of commercial and industrial sites to attract job-creating businesses. The Site Readiness Fund provides grants, […]




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Export Delaware Now Accepting Applications for STEP Grants

Export Delaware, the State’s official export resource for Delaware’s small and medium-sized businesses, is now accepting State Trade Expansion Program (STEP) Grant applications from qualified businesses. STEP Grants offer eligible Delaware businesses assistance to help launch or expand export activity. Grant funds can be used to reimburse Delaware businesses for up to 50 percent of […]




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Division of Small Business Accepting Applications for Site Readiness Fund

DOVER, Del. (August 1, 2022) – The Delaware Division of Small Business announced today that it is now accepting applications for the Site Readiness Fund from qualified businesses or local governments. Established through Senate Bill 127, the fund promotes economic growth and stability by investing in the development or improvement of commercial and industrial sites […]




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State Bank Commissioner Now Accepting Applications for Financial Literacy Education Fund (FLEF)

Dover, Del.—Delaware schools, nonprofits, and community organizations are invited to apply for a new round of state grant funds to support financial literacy education for people from all walks of life. Since the state’s Financial Literacy Education Fund (FLEF) was established in 2010, over $2.5 million has been awarded to dozens of organizations across the […]



  • Department of State
  • News
  • State Bank Commissioner
  • Delaware Department of State
  • Department of Education
  • financial literacy education fund
  • FLEF
  • grants
  • Office of the State Bank Commissioner

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AG Jennings announces suit to protect Postal Service from disruptions

Citing widespread delays in mail deliveries, President Trump’s intent to use the Postal Service to suppress the vote, and reports of deliberate disruptions in daily postal operations amid a global pandemic, Attorney General Kathy Jennings announced Tuesday that Delaware and other states are suing the United States Postal Service to stop their practices. “Every American depends on […]



  • Department of Justice
  • Department of Justice Press Releases
  • News

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AG Jennings Warns Seniors Of Uptick In Financial Scam Reports

In the wake of an uptick in reports of financial exploitation of seniors, Attorney General Kathy Jennings and the Delaware DOJ’s Investor Protection Unit (“IPU”) is cautioning seniors to be vigilant for scams. Delaware law requires banks, credit unions, and certain other financial institutions to report suspected exploitation of a senior or vulnerable adult to the IPU. […]



  • Department of Justice Press Releases

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Interruption in water services closes DOL Georgetown office for the day

August 14, 2017   Georgetown – The DOL Georgetown office is closed today due to an interruption in water service. Visit at dol.delaware.gov for contract info for our other offices as well as updates to the situation. We anticipate the issue will be corrected by Friday, Aug. 15 and apologize for the inconvenience.   ABOUT THE DELAWARE […]



  • Department of Labor

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Delaware’s First State Food System Program Accepting Applications

Beginning on April 29, 2022, the Delaware Council on Farm & Food Policy will accept grant applications through the First State Food System Program for projects to enable local entities to address challenges, stabilize, strengthen, and build resilience in our food system.



  • Department of Agriculture
  • News
  • Delaware Community Foundation
  • Delaware Council on Farm & Food Policy
  • farmers
  • First State Food System Program
  • grants
  • producers
  • supply chain operations

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Delaware Ag Department Provides Microchip Option for Potbellied Pig Owners

More than 40 Delaware potbellied pig owners have applied for an Invasive Animal Permit since the Delaware Department of Agriculture (DDA) notified residents last week of the new regulation, 3 DE Admin. Code 906 Possession, Sale, or Exhibition of Non-Native and Invasive Animal Species, listing potbellied pigs and feral swine of any kind as invasive. One of the biggest concerns for these owners is the visible identification ear tag their animals must have to comply with the regulation.




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Department Adds New Test Options and Increases Fees for Seed Lab

The Delaware Department of Agriculture (DDA) announced beginning January 2, 2024, their seed laboratory will offer additional testing service options to assist producers. For the first time since 1999, DDA is increasing fees for services performed by the DDA Seed Lab.




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DPH Announces 22nd DEA National Prescription Drug Take-back Day For Delaware

Delaware will hold its 22nd National DEA Prescription Drug Take-Back Day on Saturday, April 30, 2022. Delawareans can discard their expired or unused medications at locations statewide between 10:00 a.m. and 2:00 p.m. There will also be Sharps disposals for needle disposal at select locations, and overdose response education with free Narcan available at select locations.




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Delaware Emitirá Beneficios de Emergencia el 29 de Septiembre

NEW CASTLE (27 de Septiembre de 2022) – La División de Servicios Sociales de Delaware emitirá beneficios de emergencia para Septiembre a los hogares elegibles como parte de la respuesta continua del Estado a la crisis de salud pública de COVID-19. Los beneficios se emitirán como parte del Programa de Asistencia Nutricional Suplementaria (SNAP) y […]




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DPH Announces 23rd National DEA Prescription Drug Take Back Day For Delaware

*Editor/Reporter note: We originally stated that five DEA National Prescription Drug Take Back locations would be offering Overdose Response Training and Narcan distribution to the public; there are only two – Milford and Middletown. We also erroneously stated that there are 23 locations currently participating in the National Prescription Drug Take Back event; there are 22.    […]




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DPH Encourages Public to get Updated Boosters and Learn about Treatment Options

DOVER, Del. (March 17, 2023) -  The Delaware Division of Public Health (DPH) saw a decrease in case rates and hospitalizations from COVID-19 over the past month and urges residents to remain vigilant and use the tools proven successful in the fight against the virus to continue these trends. While rates are down from the […]



  • Delaware Health and Social Services
  • Division of Public Health
  • Coronavirus
  • COVID
  • covid 19 testing

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DPH Reports Successful DEA Prescription Drug Take-Back Day For Delaware 

The Delaware Division of Public Health (DPH) recently held its 24th Prescription Drug Take-Back Day event. Organized nationally by the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA), Prescription Drug Take-Back Day is operated locally by DPH. The twice-a-year event (April and October) aims to reduce the risk of prescription medications being diverted for misuse and has resulted in 114,470 pounds of medication being collected in Delaware since 2010. […]



  • Delaware Health and Social Services
  • Division of Public Health
  • DE Division of Public Health
  • Delaware Division of Public Health
  • Delaware Health and Socal Services
  • Drug Take Back

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DPH Announces Prescription Monitoring Program Data Updates to My Healthy Community Dashboard

The Delaware Division of Public Health (DPH), in collaboration with the Delaware Division of Professional Regulation (DPR), announces important updates to the Mental Health and Substance Use Disorder section of the My Healthy Community (MHC) Dashboard.  These updates are located within this section’s Prescription Monitoring Program (PMP) tab and present trends in prescription drug dispensing in Delaware. The […]




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DHSS Adds Prescription Drug and Imaging Procedures Cost Comparisons to CostAware Website

NEW CASTLE – The Delaware Department of Health and Social Services (DHSS) announced today enhancements to the CostAware website, designed to help Delawareans understand how their health care dollars are spent by comparing the variation of average costs for different episodes of care and medical services based on actual medical and pharmacy claims in Delaware. […]



  • Delaware Health and Social Services
  • Health Care Commission
  • News
  • costaware
  • Delaware Department of Health and Social Services
  • Delaware Health Care Commission
  • Delaware Health Information Network

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Experts Warn of Potential Increase in Illicit Drug Use Amid Shortage of Prescription Stimulants

Amidst a shortage of prescription stimulants, concerns have been raised about the potential increase in illicit drug use. With many individuals relying on prescription stimulants to manage conditions such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), the shortage has left many struggling to access the medication they need. This has led some individuals to turn to illicit drugs […]



  • Delaware Health and Social Services
  • Delaware Department of Health and Social Services
  • drugs
  • Prescriptions

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DEA National Prescription Drug Take-Back Day for Delaware is October 28th

Delaware will hold its 25th National DEA Prescription Drug Take-Back Day on Saturday, October 28, 2023. Delawareans can discard their expired or unused medications at locations statewide between 10:00 a.m. and 2:00 p.m. Sharps disposals for needle disposal will be available at select locations, as well as overdose response education with free Narcan available at […]



  • Delaware Health and Social Services
  • Division of Public Health
  • Delaware Department of Health and Social Services
  • Delaware Division of Public Health
  • Drug Take Back Day

pti

Nonprofit Security Grant Program Accepting Applications

Smyrna, DE – Do you know a nonprofit organization in Delaware that may be interested in grant funding for security enhancements? Organizations with 501(c)(3) status may be eligible to receive funding through the Nonprofit Security Grant Program (NSGP) which supports organizations that may be at risk of a terrorist attack.  Nonprofits that may qualify must apply […]




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Office of the Marijuana Commissioner (OMC) is accepting public comment for Informal Regulation Review until March 29

The Delaware Marijuana Control Act, 4Del. C. Chapter 13 legalized the use of recreational marijuana for individuals 21 and older. The newly created OMC has the responsibility to adopt rules and regulations necessary for the implementation of this law.




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AG Jennings announces $10.25 million settlement with multiple major wireless carriers over deceptive advertising

Attorney General Kathy Jennings today announced a $10.25 million 50-jurisdiction settlement with AT&T Mobility, LLC, Cricket Wireless, LLC, T-Mobile USA, Inc., Cellco Partnership, d/b/a Verizon Wireless, and TracFone Wireless, Inc. (collectively, the “Wireless Carriers”), which resolves the state attorneys general investigations into the Wireless Carriers’ deceptive and misleading advertising practices.   “Today’s settlement further demonstrates […]



  • Department of Justice Press Releases

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Delaware Announces Option for Dolly Parton’s Imagination Library Bilingual Book Collection

WILMINGTON, Del. – Governor John Carney, First Spouse Tracey Quillen Carney, and the Delaware Libraries on Monday announced that a bilingual English/Spanish book collection option will soon be available for Delaware families. “There is nothing more important than ensuring our children learn to read by third grade so they can read to learn for the rest […]




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The Office of Marijuana Commissioner (OMC) to Begin Accepting License Applications on August 19, 2024

The Office of Marijuana Commissioner (OMC) is pleased to announce that it will begin accepting online applications using the Salesforce platform starting Monday, August 19, 2024, and closing on Monday, September 30, 2024. 125 licenses are available: Marijuana Cultivation Facility- 60 LT-1: Open Cultivation License: 20 LT-2: Social Equity Cultivation (≥2500 ft2): 10 LT-3: Microbusiness […]




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Delaware Auditor Lydia York Releases Prescription Opioid Settlement Tracker

For Immediate Release: August 13, 2024 Contact: Samuel Barry, Policy Advisor (302) 382-0651, Samuel.Barry@delaware.gov The tracker is a publicly accessible tool for Delawareans to learn about how Prescription Opioid Abatement and Remediation Grants have been distributed to date. Dover, DE – Delaware Auditor of Accounts Lydia E. York published an official Prescription Opioid Settlement Tracker […]



  • Auditor of Accounts
  • Auditor of Accounts Lydia York
  • lydia york
  • prescription opioid settlement

pti

DNREC Accepting Community Water Quality Improvement Project Grant Proposals

DNREC encourages nonprofit groups, conservation districts, community organizations and homeowners’ associations to submit project proposals to be considered for matching grant funds from DNREC’s Community Water Quality Improvement Grants program. Funding for grant award projects in this cycle is expected to range from $25,000 to $75,000




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McMaster Technique Offers Delaware Livestock Producers and Veterinarians More Options in Herd Health

he Delaware Department of Agriculture (DDA) announced beginning October 15, 2024, the cost of fecal analysis testing performed by the Poultry and Animal Health Section will increase to $3.00 per sample. The Poultry and Animal Health Section will begin offering livestock fecal sample analysis using the McMaster technique for relevant livestock species, and the current qualitative fecal float testing will still be performed as appropriate by species.




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AMD Ryzen™ 6000 series offers exceptional speed and long battery life for thin and light laptops




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Cadence Showcases World's First 128GT/s PCIe 7.0 IP Over Optics

PCI-SIG DevCon 2024 was a great success for Cadence. We posted the blog, Cadence Demonstrates Complete PCIe 7.0 Solution at PCI-SIG DevCon ‘24 a day before the event to advertise our IP solutions for PCIe 7.0, which resulted in a lot of extra traffic at our booth. All of the attendees were excited to see Cadence demonstrate the robustness of 128GT/s PCIe 7.0 IP's TX and RX capabilities over a real-world, low-latency, non-retimed, linear optics connector. We achieved and maintained a consistent, impressive pre-FEC BER of ~3E-8 (PCIe spec requires 1E-6) for the entire duration of the event, spanning over two full days with no breaks. This provides an ample margin for RS FEC. As seen in the picture below, the receiver Eye PAM4 histograms have good linearity and margin. This is the world’s first stable demonstration of 128 GT/s TX and RX over off-the-shelf optical connectors—by far the main attraction of DevCon this year.

Cadence 128 GT/s TX and RX capability over optics

Block diagram of Cadence PHY for PCIe 7.0 128 GT/s demo setup with linear pluggable optics

As a leader in PCIe, our PCIe controller architect Anish Mathew shared his valuable insights on an important topic: “Impact of UIO ECN on PCIe Controller Design and Performance,” highlighting the strides made by the Cadence design team in achieving this implementation.

Anish Mathew presenting “Impact of UIO ECN on PCIe Controller Design and Performance”

In summary, Cadence had a dominating presence on the demo floor with a record number of PCIe demos:

  • PCIe 7.0 over optics
  • PCIe 7.0 electrical
  • PCIe 6.0 RP/EP interop back-to back
  • PCIe 6.0 protocol in FLIT mode with Lecroy Exerciser (at Cadence booth)
  • PCIe 6.0 protocol in FLIT mode (at the Lecroy booth)
  • PCIe 6.0 JTOL with Anritsu and Tektronix equipment (at Tektronix booth)
  • PCIe 6.0 protocol with Viavi Protocol Analyzer (at Viavi booth)
  • PCIe 6.0 System Level Interop Demo with Gen5 platform (at SerialTek booth)

The Cadence team and its partners did a great job in coordinating and setting up the demos that worked flawlessly. This was the culmination of many weeks of hard work and dedication. Four different vendors featured our IP for PCIe 6.0. They attracted a lot of attention and drove traffic back to us.

Highlights of Cadence demos for PCIe 7.0 and 6.0

Cadence team at the PCI-SIG Developers Conference 2024

Thanks to everyone who attended the 32nd PCI-SIG DevCon. We really appreciate your interest in Cadence IP, and a big thanks to our partners and customers for all the positive feedback and for creating so much buzz for the Cadence brand.




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load via options into cadence session

What is the variable to define via selection/type for vias

I want to be able to load via cut type in the via option when I use the leHiCreateVia() function

I want to select/load to the Via Option menu on which via I want to use

Cadence version IC23.1.64b.ISR7.27


Paul




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μWaveRiders: Scoring Goals with the Latest AWR Design Environment Optimizer

AWR V22.1 software introduces the Pointer-Hybrid optimization method which uses a combination of optimization methods, switching back and forth between methods to efficiently find the lowest optimization error function cost. The optimization algorithm automatically determines when to switch to a different optimization method, making this a superior method over manual selection of algorithms. This method is particularly robust in regards to finding the global minima without getting stuck in a local minima well.(read more)




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BoardSurfers: Optimizing RF Routing and Impedance Using Allegro X PCB Editor

Achieving optimal power transfer in RF PCBs hinges on meticulously routed traces that meet specific impedance requirements. Impedance matching is essential to ensure that traces have the same impedance to prevent signal reflection and inefficient pow...(read more)




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BoardSurfers: Optimizing Designs with PCB Editor-Topology Workbench Flow

When it comes to system integration, PCB designers need to collaborate with the signal analysis or integrity team to run pre-route or post-route analysis and modify constraints, floorplan, or topology based on the results. Allegro PCB Edito...(read more)




pti

How to allow DRCs to the surrounding objects using Etch Back option

Starting from SPB23.1, a new option, Allow DRCs to surrounding metal, has been added in the Etch-Back form to allow DRCs to the surrounding objects. form to allow DRCs to the surrounding objects.

The Allow DRCs to surrounding metal option lets you see and adjust objects instead of the current behavior, which sacrifices the width of the mask for the trace.

  • When this option is turned off, it maintains the EB mask to another object clearance.
  • When this option is enabled, it keeps the EB mask to the EM trace edge clearance and shows a DRC if the EB mask to another object spacing is out of rule.




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Partial Header Encryption in Integrity and Data Encryption for PCIe

Cadence PCIe/CXL VIP support for Partial Header Encryption in Integrity and Data Encryption.(read more)




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Unveiling the Capabilities of Verisium Manager for Optimized Operations

In SoC development, the verification cycle is a crucial phase that ensures products meet their specifications and function correctly. However, the complexity of modern SoC projects, with their constant data flow, multiple validation teams working in parallel, and tight schedules, presents significant challenges. This article explores these challenges and introduces Verisium Manager as a solution that embodies the 'One Tool Fits All' concept. This means that Verisium Manager is designed to handle all aspects of the verification process for SoC development, from planning to coverage analysis to regression testing, thereby addressing the complex needs of SoC verification.

The Hurdles in Traditional Validation Cycles

 A typical validation process involves planning, coverage analysis, and regression testing. This complexity is compounded by using separate tools for each activity, leading to multiple control environments, APIs, and databases, not to mention the array of tool owners. Such fragmentation results in constant data transfer and translation between systems, from the planning tool to the coverage analysis tool and then to the regression testing tool. This continuous movement of data causes delays, system instability, poor user experiences, and, ultimately, a dip in the quality of the validation process.

The use of multiple platforms leads to inefficiency and reduced productivity. What's needed is a unified system that can streamline the workflow, simplify the verification process, and enhance its effectiveness.

Envisioning the Ideal Solution: Verisium Manager

 The cornerstone of an efficient validation cycle is integration and simplicity. The ideal solution is a singular platform that consolidates planning, coverage analysis, and regression management into one smooth, unified process. Verisium Manager emerges as this much-needed solution, encompassing all the functionalities necessary to streamline the validation process. Its comprehensive nature instills confidence in its ability to handle all aspects of the verification cycle. It can be fully customized to address and enforce any validation methodology and can facilitate smooth integration into any customer environment.

Features that stand out in Verisium Manager include: 

  • Unified Workflow: It acts as a single cockpit from which all activities are orchestrated, ensuring the validation teams' work is uninterrupted and seamlessly integrated.
  • Customization and Integration: Verisium Manager supports customizing test-plan structures and mapping results per project, ensuring a perfect fit for various project requirements. Its ability to smoothly integrate into the project's environment and compute platforms is unparalleled.
  • Support for Continuous Updates and Migration: The tool accommodates constant updates to project data and supports the migration of legacy data, ensuring that no historical data is lost in the transition to a new system.

Addressing Project-Specific Needs

 Verisium Manager recognizes diversity in different projects and offers project-specific solutions, including:

 Enforcing Project Test-Plan Structures and Attributes: It supports and enforces each project's unique test-plan structure and mapping guidelines.

  • Unified Data Views and Measurements: Verisium Manager promotes a unified view of data across all teams and enforces unified measurements, ensuring consistency and clarity in the validation process.
  • Enabling Project-Specific Actions and Integrations: The tool is designed to support project-specific actions directly from its graphical user interface and allows for smooth integration with in-house databases, dashboards, and the project execution stack.

Verisium Manager is the epitome of efficiency in software/hardware validation. Its differentiating features, such as support for customization, unified data view, and comprehensive coverage and regression requirements, make it an indispensable tool for any validation team looking to elevate their workflow.




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Randomization considerations for PCIe Integrity and Data Encryption Verification Challenges

Peripheral Component Interconnect Express (PCIe) is a high-speed interface standard widely used for connecting processors, memory, and peripherals. With the increasing reliance on PCIe to handle sensitive data and critical high-speed data transfer, ensuring data integrity and encryption during verification is the most essential goal. As we know, in the field of verification, randomization is a key technique that drives robust PCIe verification. It introduces unpredictability to simulate real-world conditions and uncover hidden bugs from the design. This blog examines the significance of randomization in PCIe IDE verification, focusing on how it ensures data integrity and encryption reliability, while also highlighting the unique challenges it presents. For more relevant details and understanding on PCIe IDE you can refer to Introducing PCIe's Integrity and Data Encryption Feature . The Importance of Data Integrity and Data Encryption in PCIe Devices Data Integrity : Ensures that the transmitted data arrives unchanged from source to destination. Even minor corruption in data packets can compromise system reliability, making integrity a critical aspect of PCIe verification. Data Encryption : Protects sensitive data from unauthorized access during transmission. Encryption in PCIe follows a standard to secure information while operating at high speeds. Maintaining both data integrity and data encryption at PCIe’s high-speed data transfer rate of 64GT/s in PCIe 6.0 and 128GT/s in PCIe 7.0 is essential for all end point devices. However, validating these mechanisms requires comprehensive testing and verification methodologies, which is where randomization plays a very crucial role. You can refer to Why IDE Security Technology for PCIe and CXL? for more details on this. Randomization in PCIe Verification Randomization refers to the generation of test scenarios with unpredictable inputs and conditions to expose corner cases. In PCIe verification, this technique helps us to ensure that all possible behaviors are tested, including rare or unexpected situations that could cause data corruption or encryption failures that may cause serious hindrances later. So, for PCIe IDE verification, we are considering the randomization that helps us verify behavior more efficiently. Randomization for Data Integrity Verification Here are some approaches of randomized verifications that mimic real-world traffic conditions, uncovering subtle integrity issues that might not surface in normal verification methods. 1. Randomized Packet Injection: This technique randomized data packets and injected into the communication stream between devices. Here we Inject random, malformed, or out-of-sequence packets into the PCIe link and mix valid and invalid IDE-encrypted packets to check the system’s ability to detect and reject unauthorized or invalid packets. Checking if encryption/decryption occurs correctly across packets. On verifying, we check if the system logs proper errors or alerts when encountering invalid packets. It ensures coverage of different data paths and robust protocol check. This technique helps assess the resilience of the IDE feature in PCIe in below terms: (i) Data corruption: Detecting if the system can maintain data integrity. (ii) Encryption failures: Testing the robustness of the encryption under random data injection. (iii) Packet ordering errors: Ensuring reordering does not affect data delivery. 2. Random Errors and Fault Injection: It involves simulating random bit flips, PCRC errors, or protocol violations to help validate the robustness of error detection and correction mechanisms of PCIe. These techniques help assess how well the PCIe IDE implementation: (i) Detects and responds to unexpected errors. (ii) Maintains secure communication under stress. (iii) Follows the PCIe error recovery and reporting mechanisms (AER – Advanced Error Reporting). (iv) Ensures encryption and decryption states stay synchronized across endpoints. 3. Traffic Pattern Randomization: Randomizing the sequence, size, and timing of data packets helps test how the device maintains data integrity under heavy, unpredictable traffic loads. Randomization for Data Encryption Verification Encryption adds complexity to verification, as encrypted data streams are not readable for traditional checks. Randomization becomes essential to test how encryption behaves under different scenarios. Randomization in data encryption verification ensures that vulnerabilities, such as key reuse or predictable patterns, are identified and mitigated. 1. Random Encryption Keys and Payloads: Randomly varying keys and payloads help validate the correctness of encryption without hardcoding assumptions. This ensures that encryption logic behaves correctly across all possible inputs. 2. Randomized Initialization Vectors (IVs): Many encryption protocols require a unique IV for each transaction. Randomized IVs ensure that encryption does not repeat patterns. To understand the IDE Key management flow, we can follow the below diagram that illustrates a detailed example key programming flow using the IDE_KM protocol. Figure 1: IDE_KM Example As Figure 1 shows, the functionality of the IDE_KM protocol involves Start of IDE_KM Session, Device Capability Discovery, Key Request from the Host, Key Programming to PCIe Device, and Key Acknowledgment. First, the Host starts the IDE_KM session by detecting the presence of the PCIe devices; if the device supports the IDE protocol, the system continues with the key programming process. Then a query occurs to discover the device’s encryption capabilities; it ensures whether the device supports dynamic key updates or static keys. Then the host sends a request to the Key Management Entity to obtain a key suitable for the devices. Once the key is obtained, the host programs the key into the IDE Controller on the PCIe endpoint. Both the host and the device now share the same key to encrypt and authenticate traffic. The device acknowledges that it has received and successfully installed the encryption key and the acknowledgment message is sent back to the host. Once both the host and the PCIe endpoint are configured with the key, a secure communication channel is established. From this point, all data transmitted over the PCIe link is encrypted to maintain confidentiality and integrity. IDE_KM plays a crucial role in distributing keys in a secure manner and maintaining encryption and integrity for PCIe transactions. This key programming flow ensures that a secure communication channel is established between the host and the PCIe device. Hence, the Randomized key approach ensures that the encryption does not repeat patterns. 3. Randomization PHE: Partial Header Encryption (PHE) is an additional mechanism added to Integrity and Data Encryption (IDE) in PCIe 6.0. PHE validation using a variety of traffic; incorporating randomization in APIs provided for validating PHE feature can add more robust Encryption to the data. Partial Header Encryption in Integrity and Data Encryption for PCIe has more detailed information on this. Figure 2: High-Level Flow for Partial Header Encryption 4. Randomization on IDE Address Association Register values: IDE Address Association Register 1/2/3 are supposed to be configured considering the memory address range of IDE partner ports. The fields of IDE address registers are split multiple values such as Memory Base Lower, Memory Limit Lower, Memory Base Upper, and Memory Limit Upper. IDE implementation can have multiple register blocks considering addresses with 32 or 64, different registers sizes, 0-255 selective streams, 0-15 address blocks, etc. This Randomization verification can help verify all the corner cases. Please refer to Figure 2. Figure 3: IDE Address Association Register 5. Random Faults During Encryption: Injecting random faults (e.g., dropped packets or timing mismatches) ensures the system can handle disruptions and prevent data leakage. Challenges of IDE Randomization and its Solution Randomization introduces a vast number of scenarios, making it computationally intensive to simulate every possibility. Constrained randomization limits random inputs to valid ranges while still covering edge cases. Again, using coverage-driven verification to ensure critical scenarios are tested without excessive redundancy. Verifying encrypted data with random inputs increases complexity. Encryption masks data, making it hard to verify outputs without compromising security. Here we can implement various IDE checks on the IDE callback to analyze encrypted traffic without decrypting it. Randomization can trigger unexpected failures, which are often difficult to reproduce. By using seed-based randomization, a specific seed generates a repeatable random sequence. This helps in reproducing and analyzing the behavior more precisely. Conclusion Randomization is a powerful technique in PCIe verification, ensuring robust validation of both data integrity and data encryption. It helps us to uncover subtle bugs and edge cases that a non-randomized testing might miss. In Cadence PCIe VIP, we support full-fledged IDE Verification with rigorous randomized verification that ensures data integrity. Robust and reliable encryption mechanisms ensure secure and efficient data communication. However, randomization also brings various challenges, and to overcome them we adopt a combination of constrained randomization, seed-based testing, and coverage-driven verification. As PCIe continues to evolve with higher speeds and focuses on high security demands, our Cadence PCIe VIP ensures it is in line with industry demand and verify high-performance systems that safeguard data in real-world environments with excellence. For more information, you can refer to Verification of Integrity and Data Encryption(IDE) for PCIe Devices and Industry's First Adopted VIP for PCIe 7.0 . More Information: For more info on how Cadence PCIe Verification IP and TripleCheck VIP enables users to confidently verify IDE, see our VIP for PCI Express , VIP for Compute Express Link for and TripleCheck for PCI Express For more information on PCIe in general, and on the various PCI standards, see the PCI-SIG website .




pti

TensorFlow Optimization in DSVM: Azure and Cadence

Hello Folks,

Problem statement first: How does one properly setup tensorflow for running on a DSVM using a remote Docker environment? Can this be done in aml_config/*.runconfig?

I receive the following message and I would like to be able to utilize the increased speeds of the extended FMA operations.

tensorflow/core/platform/cpu_feature_guard.cc:140] Your CPU supports instructions that this TensorFlow binary was not compiled to use: AVX2 FMA

Background: I utilize a local docker environment managed through Azure ML Workbench for initial testing and code validation so that I'm not running an expensive DSVM constantly. Once I assess that my code is to my liking, I then run it on a remote docker instance on an Azure DSVM.

I want a consistent conda environment across my compute environments, so this works out extremely well. However, I cannot figure out how to control the tensorflow build to optimize for the hardware at hand (i.e. my local docker on macOS vs. remote docker on Ubuntu DSVM)