agi No In Vivo Evidence for Estrogen Receptor Density Changes in Human Neuroendocrine Aging or Their Relationship to Cognition and Menopausal Symptoms By jnm.snmjournals.org Published On :: 2024-11-01T04:25:31-07:00 Full Article
agi The Role of Molecular Imaging in Precision Oncology By jnm.snmjournals.org Published On :: 2024-11-01T04:25:31-07:00 Full Article
agi First-in-Human Total-Body PET/CT Imaging Using 89Zr-Labeled MUC5AC Antibody in a Patient with Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma By jnm.snmjournals.org Published On :: 2024-11-01T04:25:31-07:00 Full Article
agi The Updated Registry of Fast Myocardial Perfusion Imaging with Next-Generation SPECT (REFINE SPECT 2.0) By jnm.snmjournals.org Published On :: 2024-11-01T04:25:31-07:00 The Registry of Fast Myocardial Perfusion Imaging with Next-Generation SPECT (REFINE SPECT) has been expanded to include more patients and CT attenuation correction imaging. We present the design and initial results from the updated registry. Methods: The updated REFINE SPECT is a multicenter, international registry with clinical data and image files. SPECT images were processed by quantitative software and CT images by deep learning software detecting coronary artery calcium (CAC). Patients were followed for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) (death, myocardial infarction, unstable angina, late revascularization). Results: The registry included scans from 45,252 patients from 13 centers (55.9% male, 64.7 ± 11.8 y). Correlating invasive coronary angiography was available for 3,786 (8.4%) patients. CT attenuation correction imaging was available for 13,405 patients. MACEs occurred in 6,514 (14.4%) patients during a median follow-up of 3.6 y (interquartile range, 2.5–4.8 y). Patients with a stress total perfusion deficit of 5% to less than 10% (unadjusted hazard ratio [HR], 2.42; 95% CI, 2.23–2.62) and a stress total perfusion deficit of at least 10% (unadjusted HR, 3.85; 95% CI, 3.56–4.16) were more likely to experience MACEs. Patients with a deep learning CAC score of 101–400 (unadjusted HR, 3.09; 95% CI, 2.57–3.72) and a CAC of more than 400 (unadjusted HR, 5.17; 95% CI, 4.41–6.05) were at increased risk of MACEs. Conclusion: The REFINE SPECT registry contains a comprehensive set of imaging and clinical variables. It will aid in understanding the value of SPECT myocardial perfusion imaging, leverage hybrid imaging, and facilitate validation of new artificial intelligence tools for improving prediction of adverse outcomes incorporating multimodality imaging. Full Article
agi Preclinical Evaluation of 226Ac as a Theranostic Agent: Imaging, Dosimetry, and Therapy By jnm.snmjournals.org Published On :: 2024-11-01T04:25:31-07:00 226Ac (t1/2 = 29.37 h) has been proposed as a theranostic radioisotope leveraging both its diagnostic -emissions and therapeutic α-emissions. 226Ac emits 158 and 230 keV -photons ideal for quantitative SPECT imaging and acts as an in vivo generator of 4 high-energy α-particles. Because of these nuclear decay properties, 226Ac has potential to act as a standalone theranostic isotope. In this proof-of-concept study, we evaluated a preclinical 226Ac-radiopharmaceutical for its theranostic efficacy and present the first 226Ac-targeted α-therapy study. Methods: 226Ac was produced at TRIUMF and labeled with the chelator-peptide bioconjugate crown-TATE. [226Ac]Ac-crown-TATE was selected to target neuroendocrine tumors in male NRG mice bearing AR42J tumor xenografts for SPECT imaging, biodistribution, and therapy studies. A preclinical SPECT/CT scanner acquired quantitative images reconstructed from both the 158 and the 230 keV emissions. Mice in the biodistribution study were euthanized at 1, 3, 5, 24, and 48 h after injection, and internal radiation dosimetry was derived for the tumor and organs of interest to establish appropriate therapeutic activity levels. Mice in the therapy study were administered 125, 250, or 375 kBq treatments and were monitored for tumor size and body condition. Results: We present quantitative SPECT images of the in vivo biodistribution of [226Ac]Ac-crown-TATE, which showed agreement with ex vivo measurements. Biodistribution studies demonstrated high uptake (>30%IA/g at 5 h after injection) and retention in the tumor, with an estimated mean absorbed dose coefficient of 222 mGy/kBq. [226Ac]Ac-crown-TATE treatments significantly extended the median survival from 7 d in the control groups to 16, 24, and 27 d in the 125, 250, and 375 kBq treatment groups, respectively. Survival was prolonged by slowing tumor growth, and no weight loss or toxicities were observed. Conclusion: This study highlights the theranostic potential of 226Ac as a standalone therapeutic isotope in addition to its demonstrated diagnostic capabilities to assess dosimetry in matched 225Ac-radiopharmaceuticals. Future studies will investigate maximum dose and toxicity to further explore the therapeutic potential of 226Ac-radiopharmaceuticals. Full Article
agi uPAR Immuno-PET in Pancreatic Cancer, Aging, and Chemotherapy-Induced Senescence By jnm.snmjournals.org Published On :: 2024-11-01T04:25:31-07:00 Identifying cancer therapy resistance is a key time-saving tool for physicians. Part of chemotherapy resistance includes senescence, a persistent state without cell division or cell death. Chemically inducing senescence with the combination of trametinib and palbociclib (TP) yields several tumorigenic and prometastatic factors in pancreatic cancer models with many potential antibody-based targets. In particular, urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) has been shown to be a membrane-bound marker of senescence in addition to an oncology target. Methods: Here, 2 antibodies against murine uPAR and human uPAR were developed as immuno-PET agents to noninvasively track uPAR antigen abundance. Results: TP treatment increased cell uptake both in murine KPC cells and in human MiaPaCa2 cells. In vivo, subcutaneously implanted murine KPC tumors had high tumor uptake with the antimurine uPAR antibody independently of TP in young mice, yet uPAR uptake was maintained in aged mice on TP. Mice xenografted with human MiaPaCa2 tumors showed a significant increase in tumor uptake on TP therapy when imaged with the antihuman uPAR antibody. Imaging with either uPAR antibody was found to be more tumor-selective than imaging with [18F]FDG or [18F]F-DPA-714. Conclusion: The use of radiolabeled uPAR-targeting antibodies provides a new antibody-based PET imaging candidate for pancreatic cancer imaging as well as chemotherapy-induced senescence. Full Article
agi Intrapatient Intermetastatic Heterogeneity Determined by Triple-Tracer PET Imaging in mCRPC Patients and Correlation to Survival: The 3TMPO Cohort Study By jnm.snmjournals.org Published On :: 2024-11-01T04:25:31-07:00 Intrapatient intermetastatic heterogeneity (IIH) has been demonstrated in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) patients and is of the utmost importance for radiopharmaceutical therapy (RPT) eligibility. This study was designed to determine the prevalence of IIH and RPT eligibility in mCRPC patients through a triple-tracer PET imaging strategy. Methods: This was a multisite prospective observational study in which mCRPC patients underwent both 18F-FDG and 68Ga-prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)–617 PET/CT scans. A third scan with 68Ga-DOTATATE, a potential biomarker of neuroendocrine differentiation, was performed if an 18F-FDG–positive/68Ga-PSMA–negative lesion was found. Per-tracer lesion positivity was defined as having an uptake at least 50% above that of the liver. IIH prevalence was defined as the percentage of participants having at least 2 lesions with discordant features on multitracer PET. Results: IIH was observed in 81 patients (82.7%), and at least 1 18F-FDG–positive/68Ga-PSMA–negative lesion was found in 45 patients (45.9%). Of the 37 participants who also underwent 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT, 6 (16.2%) had at least 1 68Ga-DOTATATE–positive lesion. In total, 12 different combinations of lesion imaging phenotypes were observed. On the basis of our prespecified criteria, 52 (53.1%) participants were determined to be eligible for PSMA RPT, but none for DOTATATE RPT. Patients with IIH had a significantly shorter median overall survival than patients without IIH (9.5 mo vs. not reached; log-rank P = 0.03; hazard ratio, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.1–6.8). Conclusion: Most mCRPC patients showed IIH, which was associated with shorter overall survival. On the basis of a triple-tracer PET approach, multiple phenotypic combinations were found. Correlation of these imaging phenotypes with genomics and treatment response will be relevant for precision medicine. Full Article
agi Granzyme B PET/CT Imaging Evaluates Early Response to Immunotherapy in Gastric Cancer By jnm.snmjournals.org Published On :: 2024-11-01T04:25:31-07:00 In several malignancies, only a limited number of patients respond to immune checkpoint inhibitors. Predicting and monitoring responses to these inhibitors represent an unmet clinical need. Here, we developed a PET/CT probe targeting granzyme B, [68Ga]Ga-NOTA-Gly-Gly-Gly-Ile-Glu-Pro-Asp-CHO (GSI), and aimed to investigate whether it can be used to monitor the effects of immune checkpoint inhibitors early in the course of therapy. Methods: Seventy-two patients with gastric cancer (stages III–IV) were recruited for [68Ga]Ga-NOTA-GSI PET/CT imaging after 2 or 3 cycles of the immunotherapy, and 40 patients were included in the final analysis. The SUVmax of primary tumors (SUVmax-t), SUVmax of metastatic lymph nodes (SUVmax-LN), and SUVmax of normal tissues (liver and blood pool) were measured, and their target-to-liver background ratio (TLR) and target-to-blood background ratio (TBR) were denoted for primary tumors as TLRtumor and TBRtumor and for metastatic lymph nodes as TLRLN and TBRLN, respectively. The treatment responses were assessed within 1 wk after full-course treatment according to RECIST version 1.1. Wilcoxon rank-sum tests were used to compare the PET/CT parameters between responders and nonresponders. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis was used to assess the diagnostic efficacy of [68Ga]Ga-NOTA-GSI PET/CT parameters in identifying responders. Two-tailed P value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: We found that SUVmax-t, TLRtumor, TBRtumor, SUVmax-LN, and TBRLN were higher in responders than in nonresponders (2.49 ± 0.58 vs. 1.55 ± 0.48, P = 0.000; 2.24 ± 0.48 vs. 1.74 ± 0.67, P = 0.007; 1.38 ± 0.43 vs. 0.90 ± 0.23, P = 0.000; 2.24 ± 0.99 vs. 1.42 ± 0.55, P = 0.003; and 1.28 ± 0.68 vs. 0.83 ± 0.32, P = 0.012, respectively). According to receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the area under the curve for SUVmax-t, TBRtumor, TLRtumor, SUVmax-LN, TLRLN, and TBRLN was 0.886, 0.866, 0.746, 0.772, 0.648, and 0.731, respectively. The threshold of SUVmax-t was 2.05, and its sensitivity and specificity were 81.0% and 84.2%, respectively. In addition, multivariate logistic regression indicated that TBRtumor was an independent predictor of treatment response (P = 0.03). Conclusion: Our results indicated that [68Ga]Ga-NOTA-GSI PET/CT is a promising tool for predicting early response to combined immunotherapy in gastric cancer patients. Full Article
agi Reimagining Biologically Adapted Somatostatin Receptor-Targeted Radionuclide Therapy: Perspectives Based on Personal Experience and Observations on Recent Trials By jnm.snmjournals.org Published On :: 2024-11-01T04:25:31-07:00 Full Article
agi Is the Clinical Application of CXCR4 Imaging in the Diagnosis and Management of Primary Aldosteronism Really Happening? By jnm.snmjournals.org Published On :: 2024-11-01T04:25:31-07:00 Full Article
agi U.S. Imaging Costs: Michal Horny Talks with Ken Herrmann and Johannes Czernin About the Changing Contribution of Medical Imaging to Health Care Costs By jnm.snmjournals.org Published On :: 2024-11-01T04:25:31-07:00 Full Article
agi Arterial Spin-Labeling Perfusion Lightbulb Sign: An Imaging Biomarker of Pediatric Posterior Fossa Hemangioblastoma [CLINICAL PRACTICE] By www.ajnr.org Published On :: 2024-11-07T15:14:12-08:00 BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Hemangioblastoma is a rare vascular tumor that occurs within the central nervous system in children. Differentiating hemangioblastoma from other posterior fossa tumors can be challenging on imaging, and preoperative diagnosis can change the neurosurgical approach. We hypothesize that a "lightbulb sign" on the arterial spin-labeling (ASL) sequence (diffuse homogeneous intense hyperperfusion within the solid component of the tumor) will provide additional imaging finding to differentiate hemangioblastoma from other posterior fossa tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this retrospective comparative observational study, we only included pathology-proved cases of hemangioblastoma, while the control group consisted of other randomly selected pathology-proved posterior fossa tumors from January 2022 to January 2024. Two blinded neuroradiologists analyzed all applicable MRI sequences, including ASL sequence if available. ASL was analyzed for the lightbulb sign. Disagreements between the radiologists were resolved by a third pediatric neuroradiologist. 2 and Fisher exact test were used to analyze the data. RESULTS: Ninety-five patients were enrolled in the study; 57 (60%) were boys. The median age at diagnosis was 8 years old (interquartile range: 3–14). Of the enrolled patients, 8 had hemangioblastoma, and 87 had other posterior fossa tumors, including medulloblastoma (n = 31), pilocytic astrocytoma (n = 23), posterior fossa ependymoma type A (n = 16), and other tumors (n = 17). The comparison of hemangioblastoma versus nonhemangioblastoma showed that peripheral edema (P = .02) and T2-flow void (P = .02) favor hemangioblastoma, whereas reduced diffusion (low ADC) (P = .002) and ventricular system extension (P = .001) favor nonhemangioblastoma tumors. Forty-two cases also had ASL perfusion sequences. While high perfusion favors hemangioblastoma (P = .03), the lightbulb sign shows a complete distinction because all the ASL series of hemangioblastoma cases (n = 4) showed the lightbulb sign, whereas none of the nonhemangioblastoma cases (n = 38) showed the sign (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: Lightbulb-like intense and homogeneous hyperperfusion patterns on ASL are helpful in diagnosing posterior fossa hemangioblastoma in children. Full Article
agi Comparative Evaluation of Lower Gadolinium Doses for MR Imaging of Meningiomas: How Low Can We Go? [CLINICAL PRACTICE] By www.ajnr.org Published On :: 2024-11-07T15:14:12-08:00 BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Gadolinium-based contrast agents are widely used for meningioma imaging; however, concerns exist regarding their side effects, cost, and environmental impact. At the standard gadolinium dose, most meningiomas show avid contrast enhancement, suggesting that administering a smaller dose may be feasible. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of a lower gadolinium dose on the differentiation between meningiomas and adjacent intracranial tissues. MATERIALS AND METHODS: One hundred eight patients with presumed or confirmed meningiomas who underwent a brain MRI at multiple doses of gadolinium were included in the study. The patients’ MRIs were categorized into 3 groups based on the gadolinium dose administered: micro (approximately 25% of the standard dose), low (approximately 62% of the standard dose), and standard dose. Multireader qualitative visual assessment and quantitative relative signal differences calculations were performed to evaluate tumor differentiation from the cortex and from the dural venous sinus. The relative signal differences for each dose were analyzed by using ANOVA for quantitative assessment and the McNemar test for qualitative assessment. Additionally, noninferiority testing was used to compare the low and micro doses to the standard dose. RESULTS: Decreasing the gadolinium dose to a low dose or micro dose resulted in a statistically significant decrease in signal difference between the tumor and the adjacent brain tissue (P < .02). However, on visual assessment, the low dose was noninferior to the standard dose. The proportion of cases with suboptimal differentiation was significantly higher for the micro dose than for the standard dose, both for the differentiation between the tumor and the cortex (P = .041) and the differentiation between the tumor and the sinus (P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: Reducing the gadolinium dose to 62% of the standard level still allows for sufficient visual delineation of meningiomas from surrounding tissues. However, further reduction to 25% substantially compromises the ability to distinguish the tumor from adjacent structures and is, therefore, not advisable. Full Article
agi Neuroimaging Correlates with Clinical Severity in Wilson Disease: A Multiparametric Quantitative Brain MRI [RESEARCH] By www.ajnr.org Published On :: 2024-11-07T15:14:12-08:00 BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Previous studies have reported metal accumulation and microstructure changes in deep gray nuclei (DGN) in Wilson disease (WD). However, there are limited studies that investigate whether there is metal accumulation and microstructure changes in DGN of patients with WD with normal-appearing routine MRI. This study aimed to evaluate multiparametric changes in DGN of WD and whether the findings correlate with clinical severity in patients with WD. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The study enrolled 28 patients with WD (19 with neurologic symptoms) and 25 controls. Fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), and magnetic susceptibility in globus pallidus, pontine tegmentum, dentate nucleus, red nucleus, head of caudate nucleus, putamen, substantia nigra, and thalamus were extracted. Correlations between imaging data and the Unified Wilson’s Disease Rating Scale (UWDRS) neurologic subitems were explored. RESULTS: FA, MD, and susceptibility values were higher in multiple DGN of patients with WD than controls (P < .05). Patients with WD without abnormal signals in DGN on routine MRI also had higher FA, MD, and susceptibility values than controls (P < .017). We found that UWDRS neurologic subscores correlated with FA and susceptibility values of DGN (P < .05). In addition, we also found that FA and susceptibility values in specific structures correlated with specific neurologic symptoms of WD (ie, tremor, parkinsonism, dysarthria, dystonia, and ataxia) (P < .05). CONCLUSIONS: Patients with WD have increased FA, MD, and susceptibility values even before the lesion is morphologically apparent on routine MRI. The increased FA and susceptibility values correlate with clinical severity of WD. Full Article
agi Intra-Aneurysmal High-Resolution 4D MR Flow Imaging for Hemodynamic Imaging Markers in Intracranial Aneurysm Instability [RESEARCH] By www.ajnr.org Published On :: 2024-11-07T15:14:12-08:00 BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Prediction of aneurysm instability is crucial to guide treatment decisions and to select appropriate patients with unruptured intracranial aneurysms (IAs) for preventive treatment. High-resolution 4D MR flow imaging and 3D quantification of aneurysm morphology could offer insights and new imaging markers for aneurysm instability. In this cross-sectional study, we aim to identify 4D MR flow imaging markers for aneurysm instability by relating hemodynamics in the aneurysm sac to 3D morphologic proxy parameters for aneurysm instability. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 35 patients with 37 unruptured IAs, a 3T MRA and a 7T 4D MRI flow scan were performed. Five hemodynamic parameters—peak-systolic wall shear stress (WSSMAX) and time-averaged wall shear stress (WSSMEAN), oscillatory shear index (OSI), mean velocity, and velocity pulsatility index—were correlated to 6 3D morphology proxy parameters of aneurysm instability—major axis length, volume, surface area (all 3 size parameters), flatness, shape index, and curvedness—by Pearson correlation with 95% CI. Scatterplots of hemodynamic parameters that correlated with IA size (major axis length) were created. RESULTS: WSSMAX and WSSMEAN correlated negatively with all 3 size parameters (strongest for WSSMEAN with volume (r = –0.70, 95% CI –0.83 to –0.49) and OSI positively (strongest with major axis length [r = 0.87, 95% CI 0.76–0.93]). WSSMAX and WSSMEAN correlated positively with shape index (r = 0.61, 95% CI 0.36–0.78 and r = 0.49, 95% CI 0.20–0.70, respectively) and OSI negatively (r = –0.82, 95% CI –0.9 to –0.68). WSSMEAN and mean velocity correlated negatively with flatness (r = –0.35, 95% CI –0.61 to –0.029 and r = –0.33, 95% CI –0.59 to 0.007, respectively) and OSI positively (r = 0.54, 95% CI 0.26–0.74). Velocity pulsatility index did not show any statistically relevant correlation. CONCLUSIONS: Out of the 5 included hemodynamic parameters, WSSMAX, WSSMEAN, and OSI showed the strongest correlation with morphologic 3D proxy parameters of aneurysm instability. Future studies should assess these promising new imaging marker parameters for predicting aneurysm instability in longitudinal cohorts of patients with IA. Full Article
agi Deep Learning-Based Reconstruction of 3D T1 SPACE Vessel Wall Imaging Provides Improved Image Quality with Reduced Scan Times: A Preliminary Study [ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE] By www.ajnr.org Published On :: 2024-11-07T15:14:12-08:00 BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Intracranial vessel wall imaging is technically challenging to implement, given the simultaneous requirements of high spatial resolution, excellent blood and CSF signal suppression, and clinically acceptable gradient times. Herein, we present our preliminary findings on the evaluation of a deep learning–optimized sequence using T1-weighted imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Clinical and optimized deep learning–based image reconstruction T1 3D Sampling Perfection with Application optimized Contrast using different flip angle Evolution (SPACE) were evaluated, comparing noncontrast sequences in 10 healthy controls and postcontrast sequences in 5 consecutive patients. Images were reviewed on a Likert-like scale by 4 fellowship-trained neuroradiologists. Scores (range, 1–4) were separately assigned for 11 vessel segments in terms of vessel wall and lumen delineation. Additionally, images were evaluated in terms of overall background noise, image sharpness, and homogeneous CSF signal. Segment-wise scores were compared using paired samples t tests. RESULTS: The scan time for the clinical and deep learning–based image reconstruction sequences were 7:26 minutes and 5:23 minutes respectively. Deep learning–based image reconstruction images showed consistently higher wall signal and lumen visualization scores, with the differences being statistically significant in most vessel segments on both pre- and postcontrast images. Deep learning–based image reconstruction had lower background noise, higher image sharpness, and uniform CSF signal. Depiction of intracranial pathologies was better or similar on the deep learning–based image reconstruction. CONCLUSIONS: Our preliminary findings suggest that deep learning–based image reconstruction–optimized intracranial vessel wall imaging sequences may be helpful in achieving shorter gradient times with improved vessel wall visualization and overall image quality. These improvements may help with wider adoption of intracranial vessel wall imaging in clinical practice and should be further validated on a larger cohort. Full Article
agi Ependymal Tumors: Overview of the Recent World Health Organization Histopathologic and Genetic Updates with an Imaging Characteristic [CLINICAL PRACTICE] By www.ajnr.org Published On :: 2024-11-07T15:14:12-08:00 SUMMARY: The 2021 World Health Organization Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System (CNS5), introduced significant changes, impacting tumors ranging from glial to ependymal neoplasms. Ependymal tumors were previously classified and graded based on histopathology, which had limited clinical and prognostic utility. The updated CNS5 classification now divides ependymomas into 10 subgroups based on anatomic location (supratentorial, posterior fossa, and spinal compartment) and genomic markers. Supratentorial tumors are defined by zinc finger translocation associated (ZFTA) (formerly v-rel avian reticuloendotheliosis viral oncogene [RELA]), or yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) fusion; posterior fossa tumors are classified into groups A (PFA) and B (PFB), spinal ependymomas are defined by MYCN amplification. Subependymomas are present across all these anatomic compartments. The new classification kept an open category of "not elsewhere classified" or "not otherwise specified" if no pathogenic gene fusion is identified or if the molecular diagnosis is not feasible. Although there is significant overlap in the imaging findings of these tumors, a neuroradiologist needs to be familiar with updated CNS5 classification to understand tumor behavior, for example, the higher tendency for tumor recurrence along the dural flap for ZFTA fusion-positive ependymomas. On imaging, supratentorial ZFTA-fused ependymomas are preferentially located in the cerebral cortex, carrying predominant cystic components. YAP1-MAMLD1-fused ependymomas are intra- or periventricular with prominent multinodular solid components and have significantly better prognosis than ZFTA-fused counterparts. PFA ependymomas are aggressive paramedian masses with frequent calcification, seen in young children, originating from the lateral part of the fourth ventricular roof. PFB ependymomas are usually midline, noncalcified solid-cystic masses seen in adolescents and young adults arising from the fourth ventricular floor. PFA has a poorer prognosis, higher recurrence, and higher metastatic rate than PFB. Myxopapillary spinal ependymomas are now considered grade II due to high recurrence rates. Spinal-MYCN ependymomas are aggressive tumors with frequent leptomeningeal spread, relapse, and poor prognosis. Subependymomas are noninvasive, intraventricular, slow-growing benign tumors with an excellent prognosis. Currently, the molecular classification does not enhance the clinicopathologic understanding of subependymoma and myxopapillary categories. However, given the molecular advancements, this will likely change in the future. This review provides an updated molecular classification of ependymoma, discusses the individual imaging characteristics, and briefly outlines the latest targeted molecular therapies. Full Article
agi Spinal CSF Leaks: The Neuroradiologist Transforming Care [SPINE IMAGING AND SPINE IMAGE-GUIDED INTERVENTIONS] By www.ajnr.org Published On :: 2024-11-07T15:14:12-08:00 Spinal CSF leak care has evolved during the past several years due to pivotal advances in its diagnosis and treatment. To the reader of the American Journal of Neuroradiology (AJNR), it has been impossible to miss the exponential increase in groundbreaking research on spinal CSF leaks and spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH). While many clinical specialties have contributed to these successes, the neuroradiologist has been instrumental in driving this transformation due to innovations in noninvasive imaging, novel myelographic techniques, and image-guided therapies. In this editorial, we will delve into the exciting advancements in spinal CSF leak diagnosis and treatment and celebrate the vital role of the neuroradiologist at the forefront of this revolution, with particular attention paid to CSF leak–related work published in the AJNR. Full Article
agi [Neuroscience] Reimagining Cortical Connectivity by Deconstructing Its Molecular Logic into Building Blocks By cshperspectives.cshlp.org Published On :: 2024-11-01T06:50:52-07:00 Comprehensive maps of neuronal connectivity provide a foundation for understanding the structure of neural circuits. In a circuit, neurons are diverse in morphology, electrophysiology, gene expression, activity, and other neuronal properties. Thus, constructing a comprehensive connectivity map requires associating various properties of neurons, including their connectivity, at cellular resolution. A commonly used approach is to use the gene expression profiles as an anchor to which all other neuronal properties are associated. Recent advances in genomics and anatomical techniques dramatically improved the ability to determine and associate the long-range projections of neurons with their gene expression profiles. These studies revealed unprecedented details of the gene–projection relationship, but also highlighted conceptual challenges in understanding this relationship. In this article, I delve into the findings and the challenges revealed by recent studies using state-of-the-art neuroanatomical and transcriptomic techniques. Building upon these insights, I propose an approach that focuses on understanding the gene–projection relationship through basic features in gene expression profiles and projections, respectively, that associate with underlying cellular processes. I then discuss how the developmental trajectories of projections and gene expression profiles create additional challenges and necessitate interrogating the gene–projection relationship across time. Finally, I explore complementary strategies that, together, can provide a comprehensive view of the gene–projection relationship. Full Article
agi [PERSPECTIVES] Addressing Biological Questions with Preclinical Cancer Imaging By perspectivesinmedicine.cshlp.org Published On :: 2024-11-01T07:17:20-07:00 The broad application of noninvasive imaging has transformed preclinical cancer research, providing a powerful means to measure dynamic processes in living animals. While imaging technologies are routinely used to monitor tumor growth in model systems, their greatest potential lies in their ability to answer fundamental biological questions. Here we present the broad range of potential imaging applications according to the needs of a cancer biologist with a focus on some of the common biological processes that can be used to visualize and measure. Topics include imaging metastasis; biophysical properties such as perfusion, diffusion, oxygenation, and stiffness; imaging the immune system and tumor microenvironment; and imaging tumor metabolism. We also discuss the general ability of each approach and the level of training needed to both acquire and analyze images. The overall goal is to provide a practical guide for cancer biologists interested in answering biological questions with preclinical imaging technologies. Full Article
agi Spatial lung imaging in clinical and translational settings By breathe.ersjournals.com Published On :: 2024-10-01T10:05:24-07:00 For many severe lung diseases, non-invasive biomarkers from imaging could improve early detection of lung injury or disease onset, establish a diagnosis, or help follow-up disease progression and treatment strategies. Imaging of the thorax and lung is challenging due to its size, respiration movement, transferred cardiac pulsation, vast density range and gravitation sensitivity. However, there is extensive ongoing research in this fast-evolving field. Recent improvements in spatial imaging have allowed us to study the three-dimensional structure of the lung, providing both spatial architecture and transcriptomic information at single-cell resolution. This fast progression, however, comes with several challenges, including significant image file storage and network capacity issues, increased costs, data processing and analysis, the role of artificial intelligence and machine learning, and mechanisms to combine several modalities. In this review, we provide an overview of advances and current issues in the field of spatial lung imaging. Full Article
agi Lung imaging methods: indications, strengths and limitations By breathe.ersjournals.com Published On :: 2024-10-01T10:05:24-07:00 Imaging methods are fundamental tools to detect and diagnose lung diseases, monitor their treatment and detect possible complications. Each modality, starting from classical chest radiographs and computed tomography, as well as the ever more popular and easily available thoracic ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging and nuclear medicine methods, and new techniques such as photon counting computed tomography, radiomics and application of artificial intelligence, has its strong and weak points, which we should be familiar with to properly choose between the methods and interpret their results. In this review, we present the indications, strengths and main limitations of methods for chest imaging. Full Article
agi No, you're not imagining Monster Hunter Wilds' beta combat feeling off - there's a good reason for it By www.rockpapershotgun.com Published On :: Mon, 04 Nov 2024 10:42:27 +0000 I didn’t get much further in the extremely popular beta for the haute-couture-asaurus action of Monster Hunter Wilds than perfecting the exact orange-to-white ratio of my cat. Not because I wasn’t having fun, but because I immediately started looking up GPU prices after playing for ten minutes. As such, I didn’t spend enough time with the combat to get a proper feel for it. Cultural osmosis has once again allowed me to form an uneducated take, however, and I’m getting the sense there’s been some mixed reactions re: bonk quality. According to a clip shared on X by user Blue Stigma, there's a good reason for those misgivings. It's all about frames, you see. Read more Full Article Third person Monster Hunter Wilds RPG Single Player Hack & Slash Capcom
agi Halo 2's lost E3 2003 demo will finally be playable thanks to modder magic By www.rockpapershotgun.com Published On :: Wed, 06 Nov 2024 11:09:23 +0000 Halo Infinite recently received a big update in the form of Delta Arena, a playlist that features recreations of Halo 2's most popular maps and a special third-person mode. The true highlight, though, is yet to come. And that's through an entirely different Halo game: The Master Chief Collection. Soon enough, you'll be able to play Halo 2's lost E3 demo on it, thanks to some lovely modders. Read more Full Article 343 Industries Third person Microsoft Xbox Series X/S Action Adventure Single Player Xbox One Halo Infinite Halo: The Master Chief Collection Xbox Multiplayer Competitive Multiplayer Cooperative PC Microsoft Studios First person Xbox Game Studios Bungie Shooter Halo 2
agi The co-creator of magic puzzler Hidden Folks is making a sumptuous, spaced-out tower defender By www.rockpapershotgun.com Published On :: Fri, 08 Nov 2024 11:06:29 +0000 Could tower defence be the ultimate "it's Friday and I am here in body only" genre? I haven't really thought about it before, but Rift Riff's effusively laidback crowd control has me pondering those optimal moments in any tower defender when the incoming horde hits the flamer-MG triangle just right, and you can settle back comfortably into the role of clockwatcher. Rift Riff encourages this behaviour by being nice to look at. Created by a trio of developers including Hidden Folks designer Adriaan de Jongh, it's a world of spacey, sun-carved mountains, forests and monoliths. The towers resemble the sacred architecture of Monument Valley, and the colour scheme and general ambience remind me of Cocoon. There's a demo, if you fancy it. Read more Full Article Strategy Indie PC Fantasy Rift Riff
agi Choose between cyberpunk and magic in Zephon, the new 4X from the Warhammer 40,000 – Gladius devs By www.rockpapershotgun.com Published On :: Fri, 08 Nov 2024 19:32:38 +0000 Warhammer 40,000: Gladius - Relics Of War developers Proxy Studios have just released Zephon, a new 4X strategy game set in a manky, post-apocalyptic world. It's got hexagonal maps, flesh trees, gangly Evangelion-grade giants, "otherworldly hymns of decay", nuclear bombs, and a player-led "blend of magic and cyberpunk" that extends from the city architecture to the research component. All of which is my cup of giblets. Here's the launch trailer. Read more Full Article Horror PC Fantasy Zephon Strategy: Grand Strategy/4X Science Fiction
agi Two new books explore how UFOs captured the world’s imagination By www.newscientist.com Published On :: Wed, 04 Sep 2024 19:00:00 +0100 Greg Eghigian's After the Flying Saucers Came and Luis Elizondo's Imminent both show how our fascination with UFOs goes beyond simple curiosity Full Article
agi Angela Rippon breaks silence on her late mum's tragic dementia battle By www.express.co.uk Published On :: Wed, 13 Nov 2024 04:00:00 +0000 The broadcaster opened up about how the condition made her late mum, Edna, angry and aggressive. Full Article UK
agi Is Depression Contagious? By www.smithsonianmag.com Published On :: Tue, 29 Oct 2024 12:00:00 +0000 The science about whether mental health conditions can spread socially is uncertain, but exposure to an affected peer can drive awareness Full Article
agi What makes baseball’s “magic mud” so special? By arstechnica.com Published On :: Thu, 07 Nov 2024 17:07:54 +0000 It has just the right mix of spreadability, stickiness, and friction to give pitchers a better grip on the ball. Full Article Science adhesion baseball geomaterials materials science Non-newtonian fluids Physics rheology science soft matter
agi U.N. Climate Summit Host Azerbaijan: Fossil Fuels a 'Gift from God,' Environmentalists Engaging in 'Blackmail' By www.breitbart.com Published On :: Tue, 12 Nov 2024 23:59:46 +0000 Azerbaijani President Ilham Aliyev, whose country is hosting the COP29 climate summit this week, lashed out at Western media and climate activists on Tuesday for criticizing his country’s oil and gas industries. The post U.N. Climate Summit Host Azerbaijan: Fossil Fuels a ‘Gift from God,’ Environmentalists Engaging in ‘Blackmail’ appeared first on Breitbart. Full Article Environment National Security Azerbaijan Climate Change COP29 European Union green energy natural gas Oil
agi MYSTERY: FEMA staging 350 semi-trailers at decommissioned Michigan Air Force base... By www.themidwesterner.news Published On :: 2024-11-13T06:19:37Z MYSTERY: FEMA staging 350 semi-trailers at decommissioned Michigan Air Force base... (Second column, 12th story, link) Full Article
agi Mattel apologizes for mistakenly printing porn website on Wicked toy doll packaging By www.cbc.ca Published On :: Mon, 11 Nov 2024 13:08:11 EST Toy giant Mattel says it "deeply" regrets an error on the packaging of its Wicked movie-themed dolls, which mistakenly links toy buyers to a pornographic website. Full Article News/Entertainment
agi Former U.S. commerce secretary says he 'can't imagine' Trump would tax Canadian energy By www.cbc.ca Published On :: Sun, 10 Nov 2024 15:26:01 EST Donald Trump's former commerce secretary says he 'can't imagine' the U.S. president-elect would want to tax Canadian energy, despite campaign promises about imposing a global tariff when he takes office in January. Full Article News/Politics
agi PSEB seeks qualified candidates for post of managing director at KAPL By www.pharmabiz.com Published On :: Thursday, November 7, 2024 08:00 IST Public Sector Enterprises Selection Board (PSEB) is seeking qualified candidates for the post of managing director at the Karnataka Antibiotics & Pharmaceuticals Limited (KAPL) in Bengaluru. The candidate will be Full Article
agi TekniPlex Healthcare to debut strong paper for medical packaging at Pack Expo By www.medicalplasticsnews.com Published On :: Fri, 01 Nov 2024 10:00:00 -0000 TekniPlex Healthcare is set to unveil its strongest-ever reinforced paper for medical device packaging applications at Pack Expo 2024, 3-6 November in Chicago. Full Article
agi Bormioli Pharma partners with Chiesi to supplypackaging in Carbon Capture PET By www.medicalplasticsnews.com Published On :: Fri, 08 Nov 2024 12:00:00 -0000 Bormioli Pharma has announced a partnership with Chiesi, an international, research-focused biopharmaceutical company (Chiesi Group), to supply Carbon Capture PET bottles. Full Article
agi Social media magic: How a former chef became Bobby Saputra, the internet's favourite billionaire playboy By www.asiaone.com Published On :: Mon, 11 Nov 2024 17:15:00 +0800 In July 2024, internet personality Bobby Saputra posted a video of himself living it up at what appeared to be the star-studded, ultra-lavish wedding of Radhika Merchant and Anant Ambani, the youngest child of Indian billionaire and Asia's richest man, Mukesh Ambani. The video featured clips of Saputra dancing, feasting and soaking up the "completely crazy" celebrations. He gushes in the voiceover: "It was like watching a Bollywood production." The video quickly went viral, racking up 6.6 million views on Instagram, 5.1 million on TikTok, and another 2.2 million on YouTube. Thousands left comments, including some celebrities who claimed they spotted him there. Except… he never set foot in the party. As it turns out, he had pieced together clips from a wedding he attended a few months prior — complete with him in full Indian attire, dancing with friends — and spliced in shots from the Ambani wedding that he found online. The result? Social media magic. Full Article
agi 77877: Embassy recommendation on engaging GOP on F-16 sale By www.thehindu.com Published On :: Mon, 30 May 2011 01:36:32 +0530 Because of production issues, missing the deadline could result in hundreds of millions of dollars in additional costs. Full Article The Cables
agi Allies: Twenty-Seven Bold Ideas to Reimagine the US-Colombia Relationship By www.belfercenter.org Published On :: Jun 10, 2022 Jun 10, 2022 This book is intended to advance the next phase of the U.S.-Colombia relationship. In a rapidly changing world, the following chapters present a roadmap for a new type of engagement that challenges our ambitions and extends the ties that bind our countries. Full Article
agi The Day-After Peace in Gaza Will be Fragile. Here’s How to Make it Work. By www.belfercenter.org Published On :: May 22, 2024 May 22, 2024 Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu is facing increased pressure to agree to a hostage and cease-fire deal, including from close allies like President Biden, Benny Gantz and Yoav Gallant. But key to any long-term cease-fire is the question of who will police the Gaza Strip the next day. In some ways, it is easier to imagine a “day after the day after.” It entails a reformed, legitimate Palestinian Authority that takes control of both the West Bank and Gaza and engages in serious negotiations for a two-state solution. But how to get there? How will the transition between a cease-fire and the establishment of a revitalized Palestinian Authority be managed in Gaza? Full Article
agi Putin’s Latest Nuclear Messaging: Softer Tone or Threat of Use? By www.belfercenter.org Published On :: Mar 15, 2024 Mar 15, 2024 On March 13, President Vladimir Putin granted an interview, in which he again delved into the conditions under which he says he would initiate the use of nuclear weapons. His remarks were so ambiguous that it caused mainstream Western media organizations—which tend to agree on what to emphasize in news out of the Kremlin—to put divergent headlines on the news stories that they ran about this particular interview. “Putin, in Pre-Election Messaging, Is Less Strident on Nuclear War. The Russian leader struck a softer tone about nuclear weapons in an interview with state television,” was the NYT’s headline. In contrast, the FT’s headline was “Russia ‘prepared’ for nuclear war, warns Vladimir Putin. President resumes bullish rhetoric over use of atomic arsenal if west threatens Moscow’s sovereignty,” while CBS News ran with “Putin again threatens to use nuclear weapons, claims Russia's arsenal ‘much more’ advanced than America's” and WSJ led with “Putin Rattles Nuclear Saber Ahead of Presidential Elections; Raising specter of nuclear confrontation.” So, which is it? Has Putin just struck a softer tone about nuclear weapons or has he rattled his nuclear saber yet again? The answer is both. Full Article
agi Leveraging Charging Strategies to Reduce Grid Impacts of Electric Vehicles By www.belfercenter.org Published On :: May 8, 2024 May 8, 2024 Electric vehicles (EVs) can challenge or support electricity systems depending on how they are charged. Controlled charging that combines technical solutions with heterogenous EV user behaviors can reduce peak demand to avoid grid constraints and support the integration of renewable energy. Full Article
agi Nexity conjoncture logement - 9m 2014: Un march� fragile soutenu par les ventes en bloc - NEXITY CONJONCTURE LOGEMENT - DATA MARCHE ET CHIFFRES NEXITY By www.multivu.com Published On :: 30 Oct 2014 14:10:00 EDT NEXITY CONJONCTURE LOGEMENT - DATA MARCHE ET CHIFFRES NEXITY Full Article Banking Financial Services Real Estate Commercial Real Estate Residential Real Estate Survey Polls & Research
agi Changing Face of Retirement Shines New Light on Aging in America - Jim Poolman on the Changing Face of Retirement By www.multivu.com Published On :: 29 Apr 2015 14:50:00 EDT Jim Poolman on the Changing Face of Retirement Full Article Banking Financial Services Broadcast Feed Announcements Survey Polls & Research MultiVu Video
agi Create Holiday Party Magic With The Help of Chex's Go-To Holiday Guide - Chex Holiday Party Tip By www.multivu.com Published On :: 02 Dec 2015 12:15:00 EST Adding festive flair to your cocktail is an easy way to impress your holiday party guests. Full Article Food Beverages Household Consumer Cosmetics Retail New Products Services Broadcast Feed Announcements MultiVu Video
agi Now Open: Bellagio Introduces Harvest By Roy Ellamar - Harvest by Roy Ellamar Sizzle Reel By www.multivu.com Published On :: 11 Jan 2016 15:25:00 EST Beloved Las Vegas Chef Roy Ellamar crafts creative market-driven dishes that celebrate regional produce at Harvest at Bellagio. Full Article Food Beverages Leisure Travel Hotels Restaurants Travel Hotels and Resorts New Products Services Broadcast Feed Announcements MultiVu Video
agi Brookdale's Entrepreneur in Residence Program Helps Spark Innovation for the Aging - Mike Eidsaune, Carely App By www.multivu.com Published On :: 17 Feb 2016 11:40:00 EST Carely�s founder Mike Eidsaune takes part in Brookdale�s Entrepreneur in Residence program during a short stay in Brookdale Kettering. Full Article Household Consumer Cosmetics New Products Services Broadcast Feed Announcements Senior Citizens MultiVu Video
agi Prismick Denim: Camille Seydoux para Roger Vivier - Magic Denim - Camille Seydoux for Roger Vivier By www.multivu.com Published On :: 08 Mar 2016 17:15:00 EST Magic Denim - Camille Seydoux for Roger Vivier Full Article Moda Ventas detallistas Aviso de Contenido para Radio TV Francia
agi Nonsurgical Facelift - Marketing Gimmick Or Legitimate Cosmetic Procedure? - Longitudinal Care For Facial Aging By www.multivu.com Published On :: 18 May 2015 19:00:00 EDT Is a Nonsurgical Facelift a Reality and How Does it Impact Facial Aging? Full Article Healthcare Hospitals Medical Pharmaceuticals Cosmetics & Personal Care Broadcast Feed Announcements MultiVu Video