A comprehensive analysis focused on Sn segregation during the Ni/GeSn solid-state reaction was carried out. It was demonstrated that Sn is soluble in the various Ni/GeSn intermetallic phases and that, when the temperature increases, the Sn segregation occurs first at grain boundaries, which can hamper Ni diffusion and delay the intermetallic formation.

Structural investigations of amorphous and nanocrystalline phases forming in solution are historically challenging. Few methods are capable of in situ atomic structural analysis and rigorous control of the system. A mixed-flow reactor (MFR) is used for total X-ray scattering experiments to examine the short- and long-range structure of phases in situ with pair distribution function (PDF) analysis. The adaptable experimental setup enables data collection for a range of different system chemistries, initial supersaturations and residence times. The age of the sample during analysis is controlled by adjusting the flow rate. Faster rates allow for younger samples to be examined, but if flow is too fast not enough data are acquired to average out excess signal noise. Slower flow rates form older samples, but at very slow speeds particles settle and block flow, clogging the system. Proper background collection and subtraction is critical for data optimization. Overall, this MFR method is an ideal scheme for analyzing the in situ structures of phases that form during crystal growth in solution. As a proof of concept, high-resolution total X-ray scattering data of amorphous and crystalline calcium phosphates and amorphous calcium carbonate were collected for PDF analysis.

The post Device at the Smithsonian Environmental Research Center examines how phytoplankton would react if the ozone layer vanished appeared first on Smithsonian Insider.

Efforts to convert civilian research reactors from weapon-grade highly enriched uranium (HEU) to low enriched uranium (LEU) fuels are taking significantly longer than anticipated, says a congressionally mandated report from the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine.

97 per cent of Fortune 500 companies have been hacked. A quarter of companies have had a serious breach in the last year.

Researchers have shown that emissions from vehicles can react with emissions from urban trees and other plants, resulting in a decrease in air quality in cities in summer; this reduces the otherwise positive impacts of urban vegetation. The study, conducted in Berlin, showed that during a July heatwave, 20% of ozone concentrations were due to emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from vegetation interacting with other pollutants. To reduce this effect, lowering emissions of these other pollutants is crucial.

Will Obama’s green cabinet give birth to the next spotted owl?

For some opponents of nuclear power, no amount of planning or patching is enough. Among those critics is actor Alec Baldwin, whose thoughts on the subject carry

The United States has approved construction of new nuclear reactors for the first time in three decades. The two new reactors approved on Feb. 9 for Georgia wou

A new report reveals that the Kodak industrial facility in upstate New York was home to a small nuclear reactor filled with weapons-grade uranium for more than

Lockheed Martin recently claimed to have designed a fusion reactor that can fit on the back of a truck. If viable, it really could change the world.

A Canadian report on the environmental and health risks of the Alberta tar sands has a little something for everybody.

With the 1,700-mile oil pipeline now likely on hold until 2013, here's a roundup of reactions from 10 people closely involved in the debate.

The Obama administration's move won't necessarily kill the controversial oil pipeline, but it has still drawn strong reactions from both sides of the debate.

A young boy said 'Wow!' after hearing Mozart at Boston Symphony Hall, and it sparked a viral push to find out who had produced this adorable reaction.

The Tea Party and a few others don't like the idea of 'Big Brother' monitoring our electricity usage.

The disintegration of a giant Antarctic ice shelf that had been stable for millennia was caused by a chain reaction of lakes draining on top of the ice.

Scientists at the world's largest particle accelerator announced today (Dec. 13) that they'd narrowed down the possibilities for the existence of the elusive Hi

The FDA said that the pain reliever can cause rashes, blisters and widespread damage to the skin's surface in rare cases.

Experts argue that the downsized power sources can provide safe, efficient energy.

These before-and-after shots perfectly capture the moment a compliment is received.

The number of negative health reactions to cosmetic products reported to the FDA has skyrocketed, with the majority of complaints coming for hair products.

Each day, we choose how we will be affected by both everyday occurrences and those that are much more extraordinary. Whether consciously or unconsciously, we choose to either react or respond. These are not the same, for one is negative and one is positive. Which we choose may have a significant impact on our life and possibly those close to us.

Are parents using home drug test kits going too far or are they simply being responsible?

CGI animation technology built through 'The Nut Job' franchises is already drawing expectations - Plans to present the 'Value of Korean Animation' in Korea and various countries in the world

The World cannot wait for 30 years to have fusion clean energy, so that PULSOTRON "B" plan is designed to reach ignition in less than 3 years that is by far the fastest way as it was demonstrated by certify ignition in 2013

Produce High Value Biochemicals at Investor Friendly Cost Effective Capex

More than 30 technology and telecom companies announced this week that they have formed a new alliance, the Open RAN Policy Coalition, that calls for open and interoperable 5G systems.

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On this week's Xbox show, we give our hands-on impressions from the first weekend of the Halo Outpost Discovery fan experience, discuss a new Batman release from Rocksteady (not a new game, sadly), talk through the small glimpses we've been getting at Playdead's new post-Inside game, and more!

Destin and Brandin return from Gamescom and talk to Ryan about everything they saw there - including a playable build of Marvel's Avengers. Plus: Mortal Kombat's crazy new DLC characters, first impressions of the just-released Remedy game Control, Ancestors: The Humankind Odyssey, Astral Chain, and more!

Emergency Unlocked episode! We simply HAVE to talk about Microsoft's big announcement at The Game Awards, in which they announced both the name of Project Scarlett and what it looks like. It's the Xbox Series X, and they also showed Senua's Saga: Hellblade 2 running in-engine on the new console! Dig in for 72 minutes of our reactions and analysis.

Peter Bregman, author of "Four Seconds," on changing the way you lead.

The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (TCJA) significantly changed the tax benefits of donating to your favorite charity starting in 2018. Now that we’ve seen a full year with the new provisions, not-for-profit organizations are taking a look at the… Read More

The post Charitable Giving is Down Following Tax Reform: How Not-for-Profits Should React appeared first on Anders CPAs.

This week's "Poke Me" invited your comments on "H-1B issue in US provides the right push – and opportunity – for India".

Sebi must ensure that no one is hanged without a fair hearing, levy of penalty on Reliance speaks about the regulator’s firmness, a reader said.

This week's "Poke Me" invited your comments on "How Dry Is My Valley". Here are the selected opinions that were published in the ET print edition on Saturday.

This week's "Poke Me" invited your comments on "Time to Tweak Capitalism". Here are the selected opinions that were published in the ET print edition on Saturday.

This week's "Poke Me" invited your comments on "Young and the restless". Here are the selected opinions.

One of the most commonly requested software features is dark mode (or night mode, as others call it). We see dark mode in the apps that we use every day. From mobile to web apps, dark mode has become vital for companies that want to take care of their users’ eyes. Dark mode is a supplemental feature that displays mostly dark surfaces in the UI. Most major companies (such as YouTube, Twitter, and Netflix) have adopted dark mode in their mobile and web apps.

The Ionic Framework is an open-source UI toolkit for building fast, high-quality applications using web technologies with integrations for popular frameworks like Angular and React. Ionic enables cross-platform development using either Cordova or Capacitor, with the latter featuring support for desktop application development using Electron. In this article, we will explore Ionic with the React integration by building an app that displays comics using the Marvel Comics API and allows users to create a collection of their favorites.

A reaction-diffusion model was developed describing the spread of the COVID-19 virus considering the mean daily movement of susceptible, exposed and asymptomatic individuals. The model was calibrated using data on the confirmed infection and death from France as well as their initial spatial distribution. First, the system of partial differential equations is studied, then the basic reproduction number, R0 is derived. Second, numerical simulations, based on a combination of level-set and finite differences, shown the spatial spread of COVID-19 from March 16 to June 16. Finally, scenarios of unlockdown are compared according to variation of distancing, or partially spatial lockdown.

The main aim of this paper is to detect dynamical properties of the Gy"orgyi-Field model of the Belousov-Zhabotinsky chemical reaction. The corresponding three-variable model given as a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations depends on one parameter, the flow rate. As certain values of this parameter can give rise to chaos, the analysis was performed in order to identify different dynamics regimes. Dynamical properties were qualified and quantified using classical and also new techniques. Namely, phase portraits, bifurcation diagrams, the Fourier spectra analysis, the 0-1 test for chaos, and approximate entropy. The correlation between approximate entropy and the 0-1 test for chaos was observed and described in detail. Moreover, the three-stage system of nested subintervals of flow rates, for which in every level the 0-1 test for chaos and approximate entropy was computed, is showing the same pattern. The study leads to an open problem whether the set of flow rate parameters has Cantor like structure.

React Hooks, introduced in React 16.8, present us with a fundamentally new approach to coding. Some may think of them as a replacement for lifecycles or classes, however, that would be wrong. Like trying to translate a word from another language, sometimes you’re facing a completely new entity, which seems identical on the surface but is very different semantically and can’t be treated as equivalent. 

React not only changed the approach from OOP to Functional. The method of rendering has changed in principle. React is now fully built on functions instead of classes. And this has to be understood on a conceptual level. 

Handling user input with forms is the cornerstone of many common applications.

Applications use forms to enable users to log in, to update a profile, to enter sensitive information, and to perform many other data-entry tasks

A method of forming a product from an oil feedstock, such as a biodiesel product, and a heterogeneous catalyst system used to form said product is disclosed. This catalyst system, which has a high tolerance for the presence of water and free fatty acids (FFA) in the oil feedstock, may simultaneously catalyze both the esterification of FAA and the transesterification of triglycerides present in the oil feedstock. The catalyst system is comprised of a mixture of zinc oxide and a second metal oxide. The zinc oxide includes a mixture of amorphous zinc oxide and zinc oxide nanocrystals, the zinc nanocrystals having a mean grain size between about 20 and 80 nanometers with at least one of the nanocrystals including a mesopore having a diameter of about 5 to 15 nanometers. Preferably, the second metal oxide is a lanthanum oxide, the lanthanum oxide being selected as one from the group of La2CO5, LaOOH, and combinations or mixtures thereof.

The invention relates to the use of a conjugated seed oil modified with an activated vinyl monomer via a Deils-Alder reaction to generate a modified reactive diluent used to enhance the physical properties of coating systems. In one embodiment, a reactive diluent containing tung oil modified by the addition of an acrylate monomer is mixed with an auto-oxidative alkyd, a metal drier package, and a wetting agent to achieve cross-linked films exhibiting improved tensile strength, tensile modulus, cross-link density, and glass transition temperature, among other physical parameters.

A liquid/gas reactor includes a bulk catalyst bed and means for supplying fresh feed and recycled at least partially converted liquid product stream to the bulk catalyst bed. The reactor also includes means for collecting an at least partially converted liquid product stream from the bulk catalyst bed and recycling at least a portion thereto. A minor catalyst bed extends substantially vertically through the bulk catalyst bed. Means for supplying recycled at least partially converted product stream only to the minor catalyst bed is also provided. A separating wall is disposed between the bulk catalyst bed and the minor catalyst bed.

A process for reforming hydrocarbons is presented. The process involves applying process controls over the reaction temperatures to preferentially convert a portion of the hydrocarbon stream to generate an intermediate stream, which will further react with reduced endothermicity. The intermediate stream is then processed at a higher temperature, where a second reforming reactor is operated under substantially isothermal conditions.

A process is presented for the increasing the yields of aromatics from reforming a hydrocarbon feedstream. The process includes splitting a naphtha feedstream into a light hydrocarbon stream, and a heavier stream having a relatively rich concentration of naphthenes. The heavy stream is reformed to convert the naphthenes to aromatics and the resulting product stream is further reformed with the light hydrocarbon stream to increase the aromatics yields. The catalyst is passed through the reactors in a sequential manner.