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League of Oregon Cities Awards i-PRO Contract to Simplify Security Solution Procurement for Public Sector

This contract provides public sector customers across the U.S. with simplified access to i-PRO’s security products and services.




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‘A Crisis of Disrupted Learning’: Oregon teachers’ union report details hazards in the classroom

Portland, OR — Episodes of agitated student behavior – including verbal abuse of fellow students and teachers, as well as physical acts such as hitting, weaponizing school supplies, and destroying school or student property – may foster a “disrupted learning environment” that puts teachers’ safety and health at risk, according to a recent report from the Oregon Education Association.




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'Who Created God?' Is an Illegitimate and Impossible Question Based Upon Confusion Between Categories




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Cars can start wildfires, Oregon DOT warns

Did you know your car could cause a wildfire if you’re not careful? The Oregon Department of Transportation says more than 70% of the state’s wildfires in 2021 were caused by people.




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Oregon bill aimed at curbing workplace violence in hospitals

Salem, OR — Bipartisan legislation recently introduced in Oregon would strengthen the penalty for assaulting a hospital worker and require hospitals to work harder on preventing violence.




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Oregon OSHA releases free course on confined space safety

Salem, OR — Oregon OSHA is offering for free its latest training course on keeping workers safe in confined spaces.




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Now in Spanish: Oregon OSHA course on confined space safety

Salem, OR — Oregon OSHA has launched a Spanish version of its training course on keeping workers safe in confined spaces.




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‘Safety Break’: Oregon OSHA’s annual stand-down set for May 8

Salem, OR — Oregon OSHA is inviting all employers in the state to take part in its 16th annual “Safety Break for Oregon” to help raise awareness and promote “the value of keeping people safe and healthy” on the job.




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Prego Creamy Pesto Sauces

Made with real basil and fresh cream, the three distinct sauce varieties are a flavorful addition to dishes. 




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MadeGood Chocolate Drizzled Granola Bars

MadeGood Foods®, allergy-friendly and nutrient-rich snack creators, expanded its line of better-for-you snack bars with the debut of Chocolate Drizzled Granola Bars.




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Plant Based Innovation Powers All Categories

"We want to provide plant-forward options that appeal to all the various reasons why diners are eating more plants. This includes plant-based alternatives such as Molly’s Kitchen Plant-Based Smashed Patty," said Stacey Kinkaid, vice president of product development & innovation, US Foods. "This also includes chef-inspired, vegan options such as our Chef’s Line Tempura Brussels Sprouts and vegetarian options such as Molly’s Kitchen Mexican-Style Cheese Stuffed Cigars."




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Growth Opportunities Abound in Cereals and Bars Category

Trends and innovations that took place in the cereals and bars market for 2023, and what formulators can look for going into 2024.




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Global Beverage Category Insights, Chains to Watch

Technomic released its Beverage Global Menu Category Report, which explores foodservice category sizing by country, outlook and expectations, consumer patronage and preferences, menu trends, global and local chains, and brands to watch.




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Laticrete Introduces Profiles and Trims Category

Laticrete, a leading manufacturer of globally proven construction solutions for the building industry, is adding profiles and trim to its growing roster of tile, stone and flooring installation products, making it the industry’s first manufacturer to provide a complete tile installation system including trim options.




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Syntegon Debuts Vertical Bagger for Coffee

The vertical bagger has a compact machine layout for small footprint and good accessibility from all sides.





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    'Generation Z' and 'second generation': an agenda for learning from cross-cultural negotiations of the climate crisis in the lives of second generation immigrants.

    Children's Geographies; 06/01/2021
    (AN 151284196); ISSN: 14733285
    Academic Search Premier









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    Category construction and knowledge production in childhood studies: rethinking 'left-behind children' through the case of 'liushou children' in China.

    Children's Geographies; 08/01/2024
    (AN 178911409); ISSN: 14733285
    Academic Search Premier




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    ' ... nice to get some alone time': children's spatial negotiation of alone time needs in the family home.

    Children's Geographies; 08/01/2024
    (AN 178911402); ISSN: 14733285
    Academic Search Premier




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    Lawsuits Allege Deceit and Greenwashing by Oregon’s Largest Gas Utility

    NW Natural talks up its climate strategy, but new legal challenges say the company has spent years lying about the environmental impact of natural gas. by Taylor Griggs

    For years, environmental advocates have said NW Natural attempts to obfuscate the negative climate and health impacts of natural gas utilities in order to remain dominant in the market. NW Natural, Oregon’s largest gas utility operation, has responded to such allegations with fierce resistance, promoting its service as more climate-friendly than electric alternatives and talking up plans to go greener in the future. 

    But two lawsuits filed against NW Natural earlier this month put a spotlight on its alleged greenwashing practices, arguing the company has knowingly disenfranchised customers and contributed to the climate crisis. The first lawsuit, filed on October 7, adds NW Natural to Multnomah County’s existing legal challenge against several other oil companies for their role in perpetuating the deadly 2021 heat dome event. Just two days later on October 9, two NW Natural customers filed a class action suit against the company for falsely representing a program it says will offset the carbon emissions caused by customers’ natural gas use. 

    Many Oregonians rely on gas heat appliances, whether to heat their homes or power their stoves, and nearly all of them have NW Natural as their service provider. NW Natural serves more than two million people across Oregon and southwest Washington, and is the only gas utility company serving Multnomah County. 

    Proponents of natural gas say gas utilities are economical, efficient, and reliable in the case of power outages. But scientists and environmental experts say there are major downsides, too. Residential and commercial energy use accounts for about 20 percent of Oregon’s carbon emissions—the second largest category after transportation—and natural gas combustion accounts for a sizable portion of those emissions. Methane leaks from gas appliances also have a major climate impact, with gas stoves in particular emitting planet-warming greenhouse gasses even when they’re not in use. 

    And if the environmental harm wasn’t enough, recent studies also show gas stoves are worse for human health than previously thought, with clear connections to carcinogenic pollutants. Long-term exposure to nitrogen dioxide from gas stoves has also been shown to lead to tens of thousands of cases of childhood asthma

    As experts have sounded the alarm on all the impacts of gas utilities, environmental advocates and lawmakers have ramped up efforts to move Oregonians away from natural gas. The Portland Clean Energy Fund, for example, has invested tens of millions of dollars in deep energy retrofit projects, which will replace fossil fuel-reliant heating and cooling systems with electric systems. The program has invested millions more into building new, energy-efficient housing and commercial buildings. 

    In resisting being pushed out of the market, the recent lawsuits say NW Natural has duped customers and pushed false propaganda about natural gas and the environment. 

    Environmental advocates hope the legal challenges will have a practical impact on the company’s bottom line and enlighten the public.

    Part of NW Natural’s public outreach strategy has been its sponsorship of community events, including those hosted by environmentally-minded organizations. In an effort to limit the gas utility’s greenwashing message, environmental advocates want local groups to cut ties with NW Natural, or think twice before accepting a future sponsorship deal. 

    “NW Natural has a captive audience that trusts what their natural gas utility is telling them,” Carra Sahler, an attorney and director of Lewis and Clark Law School’s Green Energy Institute, tells the Mercury. “The more we can do to encourage skepticism, the better, and the easier it will be for people to make a switch [to electrify their homes] and to feel good about making that switch.” 

    County lawsuit alleges a history of greenwashing 

    Multnomah County’s amended lawsuit says NW Natural’s carbon and methane emissions have been “a cause of enormous harm” to the county and its residents. But, the lawsuit says, you wouldn’t know that by listening to the gas utility company’s public messaging. 

    The county’s lawsuit states NW Natural has emitted at least 72.1 metric tons of CO2 equivalent in the last few decades, but has “deceived the public by claiming its product is safe, clean, and environmentally friendly.” 

    The lawsuit provides several examples of the company’s alleged deceitful practices. Some particularly egregious instances include attempts to influence children and the Oregon education system. In 2021, NW Natural offered activity booklets to schools containing colorful drawings and activities for children promoting natural gas. The company also tried to use a front organization to host a training session for teachers about renewable gas, offering a $200 stipend to each teacher who attended. The training was canceled after public backlash. 

    An image in NW Natural's school activity book, included in the county's lawsuit. multnomah county attorney

    The misinformation from NW Natural got so bad, state agencies had to step in.

    Earlier this year, NW Natural distributed a newsletter to its customers containing misinformation about Oregon’s Climate Protection Program policy. The newsletter said the climate policy would not reduce greenhouse gas emissions, but would result in a 14 percent rate hike for all NW Natural customers. In response, the Oregon Department of Environmental Quality made a statement disavowing NW Natural’s campaign against the state policy

    “In summary, NW Natural has routinely misrepresented to the public the climate impacts of extracting, transporting, storing and burning their product while over-estimating the costs of transitioning to renewables or reducing their pollution in an effort to frighten customers and discourage policy makers from using their authority to protect the public,” the Multnomah County lawsuit states. 

    Sahler commends the county for including NW Natural in the big oil lawsuit.

    “NW Natural is a trusted provider of warmth in homes, part of the local fabric... It’s exciting to see the county taking action—it’s brave to take on one more fossil fuel interest, especially a local one,” she told the Mercury. “Multnomah County's lawsuit appropriately lumps Northwest Natural in with the other big fossil fuel companies that we know are problematic, and it helps people understand what we're dealing with here.” 

    David Roy, NW Natural’s director of communications, told the Mercury the company is “disappointed the County is spending resources on litigation instead of on developing effective emission reduction policies that work for County residents and businesses.” 

    “We will continue to pursue pathways that allow Oregonians, including low- and moderate-income customers, to have access to two energy systems—electric and gas—for their homes and businesses,” Roy said. “NW Natural will vigorously contest these claims should they come to court. Regarding the Multnomah County action, we believe adding the company to the suit at this later date is an attempt to divert attention from legal and factual flaws in the case.” 

    Class action suit says customers were deceived about carbon offsets

    While Multnomah County’s lawsuit hones in on misleading claims and practices, the class action lawsuit specifically targets NW Natural’s Smart Energy program, an additional monthly fee available to customers, ostensibly to offset the carbon emissions associated with their natural gas use. Upon further investigation, however, NW Natural sends this carbon offset surcharge to industrial dairy farms for questionable “manure digesters,” which generate energy from methane-producing livestock waste. 

    The complaint says the relationship between “carbon offset” funds, like NW Natural’s Smart Energy program, and the industrial dairies may incentivize the expansion of factory farming and enable further livestock waste production. 

    “Independent research demonstrates that, at best, the climate benefits of manure digestion are not well studied and remain unclear,” the lawsuit says. “At worst, emissions reductions are significantly overstated.” 

    Nicolas Blumm, one of the plaintiffs in the Smart Energy case, tells the Mercury he signed up for the program shortly after becoming a NW Natural customer. Since he didn’t have much of a choice about his gas utility system, he wanted to be as eco-friendly as possible while doing it. 

    Blumm said the additional payment for the Smart Energy program was small—last January, he paid about $5 extra on his gas bill—so he didn’t think about it much. But once he realized where the money was going, he felt taken advantage of. 

    The Smart Energy lawsuit points out that “corporate claims regarding sustainability and lower climate impact are particularly difficult for consumers to verify” and “climate-conscious consumers are particularly vulnerable to climate-related ‘greenwashing.’” 

    “People deserve to have a chance to be honestly informed,” Blumm said. “I don’t think you should have to dig through and make sure every dollar you’re giving NW Natural is going exactly where they say it is. If they say the program is going to make your service carbon neutral, that’s how it should be.” 

    NW Natural in the community 

    In addition to the two lawsuits, NW Natural recently faced a blow from the Oregon Public Utilities Commission (OPUC). Last week, OPUC ordered the company to phase out gas subsidies by 2027. These subsidies are also known as line extension allowances, which gas utility companies including NW Natural charge existing customers in order to pay for expanding natural gas infrastructure to connect new customers to the service. 

    Line extension allowances have been criticized by renewable energy advocates as environmentally damaging and economically burdensome for customers. But Roy, the NW Natural communications director, told the Mercury the company is “disappointed with the Commission’s decision,” and believes its subsidy proposal “supports the state’s goals for increased housing and reduced greenhouse gas emissions.” 

    Advocates hope the recent news about NW Natural will lead to change in the community’s relationship with the company. While many consumers don’t have a choice about whether or not they can pay NW Natural for their monthly gas utility service, local organizations have more flexibility. NW Natural frequently sponsors or co-sponsors events across the region, ranging from county fairs to the Portland Bureau of Transportation’s (PBOT) annual Sunday Parkways open streets events. At these events, the utility company often sets up a booth to share information about natural gas, which environmental advocates say is often misleading. 

    PBOT Communications Director Hannah Schafer told the Mercury the bureau is “aware of the concerns” and hasn’t made sponsorship decisions for the 2025 Sunday Parkways season. 

    Sahler, the attorney, told the Mercury, considering the harm burning natural gas has caused to the planet and to human health, she wants to see local leaders draw a line in the sand. 

    “Fossil fuel companies are like tobacco companies. You wouldn’t have a tobacco company at [events like Sunday Parkways],” Sahler said. “At some point it has to be unacceptable to support a business that is poisoning us.” 




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    Good Morning, News: Most Beautiful Bat Found in Oregon, Young Thug Walks Free, and a Terrifying Shooting at Vancouver Mall

    by Suzette Smith

    The Mercury provides its readers with interesting and useful news & culture reporting every single day. If you appreciate that, consider making a small monthly contribution to support our editorial team. If you read something you like, something you don't like but are glad to know about, and/or something you can't find anywhere else consider a one-time tip. It all goes in the same pot and it all goes to the editorial team. Thanks for your support!

    Good Morning, Portland! When they told me a bat could be beautiful I didn't believe, but now I believe.

    IN LOCAL NEWS:
    • As October comes to a close, so too does the Bureau of Land Management’s annual Bat Beauty Contest, which asks where the "most stunning bat photographed on BLM public lands" can be found? It's Oregon, motherfuckers! For the third year running WE HAVE THE MOST BEAUTIFUL BAT. YES! Despite J. K. Rowling's tarnished-as-hell legacy, we can still celebrate this feisty male hoary bat, Hoary Potter. It's also worth noting that this is the second year a bat photographed by wildlife technician Emma Busk took top beauty honors. Busk wrote, "anyone who knows me knows that I’ve been wanting to photograph a hoary bat,"—a sentiment we can all echo.

    BLM's most beautiful bat is from Oregon, and I love him. pic.twitter.com/T8qQgsz5kT

    — Suzette Smith (@suzettesmith) November 1, 2024

    • There's also terrible news, unfortunately. Yesterday evening, a shooting at Vancouver Mall, in Vancouver, WA, killed one person and injured two in the building's food court.  A witness who spoke to KOIN described "a harrowing scene, as the shopping center was full of kids trick-or-treating." So far, police have said they do not have a suspect in custody and the person may still be armed. They told KOIN they were reviewing surveillance footage, but have not yet released a description of the shooter.

    • Oh my god, Clark County are you okay? KPTV reports that Clark County Elections Office is warning voters to beware of unofficial ballot boxes. Unofficial ballot boxes are not illegal in Washington! (This also appears to be true of Oregon!) Clark County Elections encouraged voters official ballot return locations.

    • The Oregonian is returning to broadsheet size, they announced yesterday in a post that did not explain what that is for readers who didn't go to graphic design school / work in at newspaper with some old dude named Phil. Somewhat surprisingly, Willamette Week's Nigel Jaquiss stepped in to clarify. Tabloid is hotdog style fold; broadsheet is burger. Both WW and the Mercury are hotdogs. The New York Times is burger fold.

    • NPR's Up First weirdly tried to do a report on Vice President Kamala Harris "highlighting Trump's own language and using it against him," as if that's somehow something of which to be critical? Gave me the vapors of the new Hasaan Hates Portland sketch from this week:

    • In two week's the city's beloved queer documentary festival QDoc will host the Oregon debut of The World According to Allee Willis, which explores the complicated life of a queer "song doctor" who co-wrote not only Earth, Wind and Fire's "September," but the Friends TV show theme. Check out Melissa Locker's review of the film.; she says it's not to be missed!

    • Did you take this week's local news quiz

              View this post on Instagram                      

    A post shared by Portland Mercury (@portlandmercury)


    IN NATIONAL NEWS:
    • Atlanta rap star Young Thug, born Jeffery Williams, finally walked free last night, after pleading guilty to "six counts, including possession of drugs and firearms... leading a criminal street gang and conspiracy to violate the RICO act, the state’s racketeering law," the New York Times reports. As part of the plea, the judge sentenced Williams to a total sentence of 40 years, but commuted the five years of prison time to the two and a half years that Williams has already served. Williams will remain on probation for 15 years, and will "be required to stay away from metro Atlanta for the first 10 years of his probation." He is also required to take random drug tests, make anti-gang presentations for children's organizations four times a year, perform 100 hours of community service a year, and "refrain from promoting gangs or being around known gang members." The ongoing Young Slime Life (YSL) court proceedings—which caused NYT's Joe Coscarelli to ask "is YSL was a record label, street gang, or both?"—have stretched into what is now the longest trial in Georgia history. Despite three other plea deals this week, it appears the trial will continue with the two remaining co-defendants.

    • Mark Zuckerberg dressed as Fran Lebowitz for Halloween, and that's just what happened.

    Mark Zuckerberg dressed as John Wick for Halloween but I thought it was Fran Lebowitz pic.twitter.com/zdXaomOMPR

    — Meech (@MediumSizeMeech) November 1, 2024

    • You're going to see some stuff today about "explosive new audio" recordings where Donald Trump speaks candidly to the reviled Jeffrey Epstein about his White House Staff and his disdain for the position itself. It's only really on the Daily Beast, the podcast of journalist Michael Wolff, and a few other sites. I'd rather wait til a super solid source gets it—seems like maybe they're holding off because they're checking it?—but the story is out there. Don't sound like anything particularly new, but people are saying "October surprise" because they want attention.

    • Also in weird news about guys we already thought were corrupt, Supreme Court Justice Samuel Alito is apparently pledged to some secretive religious traditionalist organization. That tracks.

    • Flashback to this masterpiece, which has been floating around the zeitgeist all week.




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    Conor McGregor calls Islam Makhachev 'gombeen' for his UFC remarks

    Jon Jones, US champion of the Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) responded to Russian mixed martial arts (MMA) fighter Islam Makhachev, who criticised promotion's ratings. "Heavy is the head that wears the crown. Criticism comes with territory. I want to encourage the young fighters to beat some of my records instead of using their lips. Now thats gangsta,” Jones wrote in a message posted on social media. Jones is the current UFC heavyweight champion. He tops the ranking of the promotion's best fighters regardless of weight categories (P4P). During his career, the fighter won 27 victories and suffered one loss. Another fight with his participation was declared invalid.




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    Riverside’s RFID and AI technology developed to accelerate growth in greeting cards category performance

    Riverside Greetings, the supplier of greeting card solutions, has developed RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) and AI (Artificial Intelligence) technology which is claimed to dramatically accelerate category growth in the convenience and forecourt sector.




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    Czech Delegation to Visit S. Korea for Final Contract Negotiations for Nuclear Deal

    [Economy] :
    A large delegation representing Czech power authorities will make a two-week visit to South Korea for working-level negotiations ahead of the conclusion of a final contract for the Czech nuclear power plant project.  Korea Hydro and Nuclear Power(KHNP), which was selected in July as the preferred bidder ...

    [more...]




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    Synthesis, structural and spectroscopic characterization of defect-rich forsterite as a representative phase of Martian regolith

    Regolith draws intensive research attention because of its importance as the basis for fabricating materials for future human space exploration. Martian regolith is predicted to consist of defect-rich crystal structures due to long-term space weathering. The present report focuses on the structural differences between defect-rich and defect-poor forsterite (Mg2SiO4) – one of the major phases in Martian regolith. In this work, forsterites were synthesized using reverse strike co-precipitation and high-energy ball milling (BM). Subsequent post-processing was also carried out using BM to enhance the defects. The crystal structures of the samples were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction and total scattering using Cu and synchrotron radiation followed by Rietveld refinement and pair distribution function (PDF) analysis, respectively. The structural models were deduced by density functional theory assisted PDF refinements, describing both long-range and short-range order caused by defects. The Raman spectral features of the synthetic forsterites complement the ab initio simulation for an in-depth understanding of the associated structural defects.




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    Catawba County Facts and Figures page gives wealth of information in many categories

    Catawba County has launched a performance dashboard, a program that will be the gateway for hundreds of pieces of data on dozens of topics related to the County government, demographics and quality of life. Catawba County Facts and Figures, offers users a choice of exploring data grouped into eight broad categories.




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    Consumer Access to Affordable Medicines Is a Public Health Imperative, Says New Report - Government Negotiation of Drug Prices, Prevention of ‘Pay-for-Delay’ Agreements, and Increased Financial Transparency Among Recommendations

    Consumer access to effective and affordable medicines is an imperative for public health, social equity, and economic development, but this need is not being served adequately by the biopharmaceutical sector, says a new report from the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine.




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    Future Transportation Workforce Video Awarded Gold in Telly’s General Recruitment Category and Silvers in Craft Writing and General, Not-For-Profit

    A video created as part of the Transportation Research Board’s centennial celebration has been named the winner of three 2020 Telly Awards, which annually showcase the best work created within television and across all types of video production.




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    Categorizing Workers’ Needs by Generation Such as Baby Boomers or Millennials Is Not Supported by Research or Useful for Workforce Management

    Categorizing workers with generational labels like “baby boomer” or “millennial” to define their needs and behaviors is not supported by research, and cannot adequately inform workforce management decisions, according to a new report from the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine.




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    Traumatic Brain Injury Categories Should Be Updated and Personalized to Better Guide Patient Care, Says New Report

    Every year, nearly 5 million Americans are evaluated for traumatic brain injury (TBI). But many individuals and their caregivers don’t get needed follow-up support after initial injury. A new report recommends structural changes to improve TBI research and care over the next decade.




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    Edibles category: Driven by candy growth

    In his webinar “Edible Evolution in Cannabis: In Review and What’s to Come,” BDSA’s Rick Maturo breaks down the performance of cannabis food and beverage categories.




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    Arcadia Biosciences breaks into breakfast category with Pancake & Waffle Mixes, Single-Serve Quikcakes

    Arcadia Biosciences, Inc. announced it is expanding its better-for-you, fiber-forward brand, GoodWheat, with the upcoming launch of GoodWheat Quikcakes and GoodWheat Pancake & Waffle Mixes.




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    Case Study: Almarai employs Syntegon technologies in its bakery manufacturing

    Muffins, pastries, and croissants are very diverse and delicate products that must be handled with care, from distribution to primary packaging.




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    Diverse cookie flavors and formats drive category sales

    In the middle of a pandemic, cookies continue to fly off grocery store shelves as consumers seek familiar, comforting flavors.




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    PureCircle clean taste solutions offer sweetness by category

    PureCircle's new stevia solutions optimize taste performance and sugar reduction across food and beverage categories.




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    Tortilla chips category continues to grow

    Whether consumed while snacking alone or with friends, tortilla chips are versatile. 




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    State of the Industry 2021: The buns and rolls category rises

    State of the Industry analysis of the buns and rolls category, including hamburger buns, hot dog buns, dinner rolls, and more.




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    Old El Paso Takis Fuego-inspired Hot Chili Pepper and Lime-Flavored Stand 'N Stuff Taco Shells

    Old El Paso is taking the flavor intensity up a notch this fall with its new Takis Fuego-inspired Hot Chili Pepper and Lime-Flavored Stand 'N Stuff Taco Shells.




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    Consumers look to tortilla category for better-for-you options

    The tortilla category did well over the past year, possibly because people are now staying home and working at home more often, and thus able to cook more elevated lunchtime meals.




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    The art of Fuego

    So goes the tagline on much of the recent marketing surrounding Takis rolled tortilla chips, the flagship line from Barcel USA - the SF&WB 2020 "Snack Producer of the Year."




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    Totino's enters breakfast category with Snack Bites

    Available in three flavors, Totino’s new Breakfast Snack Bites are ready in just two minutes




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    State of the Industry 2024: Cookies category cools a bit

    Cookies are a bakery treat that fit in many places—solo snacking sessions, birthdays and special occasions, tucked into lunchboxes for school or work consumption, and more. 




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    State of the Industry 2024: Desserts category shows promise

    With more consumers attending gatherings, the dessert category is having a renaissance. 




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    Little Spoon enters baby snack category, launches Organic Baby Puffs

    Offering a nutritious solution for infant snacks, Little Spoon Puffs encourage self-feeding and fine motor skill development for babies over six months.




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    Snack cakes category grows by leaps and bounds

    The snack cakes and loaves sector showed great promise over the last 12 months, presumably because consumers are now out and about more, and they want individual servings or on-the-go bakery snacks to fit their busy lifestyles.




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    Emerging brands grow the puffed and extruded snacks category

    The collective puffed, popped, pellet and extruded snack segment continues to see positive sales activity and a strong level of product innovation.