Sleeping Dogs™ Definitive Edition (Xbox Series/One) 

Google said it discovered a zero-day vulnerability in the SQLite open-source database engine using its large language model (LLM) assisted framework called Big Sleep (formerly Project Naptime). The tech giant described the development as the "first real-world vulnerability" uncovered using the artificial intelligence (AI) agent. "We believe this is the first public example of an AI agent finding

Why sleepwalkers can paint, eat, or even drive when part of their brain is asleep.

There is now a department in Scotland Yard that is dedicated to enforcing hate speech law on telephones. They can and have come to citizens’ homes to arrest them for hate speech. They do not have enough manpower to keep a Muslim from knifing you on the street in London, but they can keep you from commenting about Muslim primitives on Facebook from your home.

The post Welcome to 1984. Somewhere, George Orwell is crying himself to sleep appeared first on Powdered Wig Society.

North Korea lags behind most of the rest of the world in several areas. But the hermit state has had an outsized impact on international women's football.

The UK must not sleepwalk into leaving the ECHR Expert comment NCapeling 17 March 2023

Talk of the UK leaving the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) keeps rearing its head with little thought for the real impact.

Withdrawal from the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR) has not been firmly ruled out as a potential UK government policy option to allow easier implementation of its controversial new measures to deport asylum seekers to Rwanda. This, in the context of a UK general election looming and tackling the ‘small boats problem’ being one of the five priorities of UK prime minister Rishi Sunak.

In recent months, ECHR withdrawal has come up in relation to the UK’s controversial draft Illegal Migration Bill, the (now shelved) bill of rights, and – perhaps most significantly – the Northern Ireland Protocol deal with implications for the Good Friday Agreement. But leaving the ECHR – and likely the Council of Europe – would be counterproductive for the UK’s global leadership.

UK values and priorities will be undermined

The only other countries in the region outside of the Council of Europe, Russia and Belarus, both had sanctions imposed on them by the UK for their human rights record. Russia was expelled from the Council of Europe in 2022 due to its aggression in Ukraine and, although the UK would be deciding to remove itself from Europe’s oldest and largest intergovernmental human rights body, the optics would not be good.

This is especially true considering the UK’s vocal support for Ukraine in international forums, including its intervention in Ukraine’s case against Russia before the International Court of Justice and, potentially, in a separate case against Russia before the European Court of Human Rights itself.

More significantly and closer to home, the ECHR is a fundamental part of the Good Friday Agreement. It is difficult to argue UK withdrawal would not breach the agreement. As well as risking damage to intercommunal relations, such a breach is likely to significantly harm strategic relations with the US – and President Biden is set to visit Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland to mark the 25th anniversary of the Good Friday Agreement.

It would also damage relations with the UK’s closest neighbours, Ireland, and the European Union (EU), with whom the prime minister has only recently scored credits for securing the Northern Ireland Protocol deal. If the UK withdraws from the ECHR, the EU would be entitled to terminate important provisions concerning international law enforcement and judicial cooperation in criminal justice matters under Article 692 of the UK-EU Trade and Cooperation Agreement, further isolating the UK from allies who share its legal and other values.

Withdrawal would be in the name of sovereignty but with little thought to the practical implications on rights and few perceived gains from doing so. But the idea could easily gain traction by erroneously conflating the Strasbourg court and Council of Europe (of which the UK is a member) with the European Union (which the UK has left).

This means leaving the ECHR could easily be confused as a post-Brexit ‘tidy up’ exercise of taking back control from the EU when the reality is the UK would be withdrawing from a completely different regional body.

It would also be at odds with the UK’s Integrated Review Refresh which, reassuringly, contains references to the UK’s commitment to the rule of law, ‘respect for the fundamental principles of the UN Charter and international law’, and ‘universal human rights that underpins our democracy’. This would make the UK far less able to champion international law and influence states with long records of human rights violations, and run contrary to UK strategic priorities such as tackling aggression from Russia and China, its support for multilateralism, and its global legal leadership.

All this loss would come for little gain. Before going down this path, there must be a clearer understanding about exactly what concerns there are about the ECHR, and whether they stand up to scrutiny. Are they about UK sovereignty, specific issues about the European Court of Human Rights, or about the rights and obligations contained in the Convention?

The latter would raise a far bigger question on the UK’s commitment to other international treaties, such as the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights and the UN Convention on Rights of the Child, as many ECHR obligations also exist elsewhere in both common law and international law.

The need for cool heads and a long-term view

The significant concerns surrounding proposals in the Illegal Migration bill have been well-documented, including in relation to obligations under the ECHR and UN Refugee Convention.

There are many reasons beyond simply human rights concerns which are preventing migrants being deported to Rwanda, including the fact there are insufficient countries with which the UK has agreements to allow for deportation.

Stimulating the sleeping brain may ease suffering from memory loss, stroke or mental health problems

Experiencing excessive daytime sleepiness as an older adult can spell dire consequences that ultimately may lead to full-blown dementia, according to a new study funded by the National Institute on Aging.

Police in northeast Ohio have placed a school resource officer on unpaid leave for activating a Taser to wake up a sleeping student.

Christelle Anaclet
Dec 12, 2012; 32:17970-17976
BehavioralSystemsCognitive

Jesse J. Langille
Jul 3, 2019; 39:5244-5246
Journal Club

Human sleep exhibits multiple, recurrent temporal regularities, ranging from circadian rhythms to sleep stage cycles and neuronal oscillations during nonrapid eye movement sleep. Moreover, recent evidence revealed a functional role of aperiodic activity, which reliably discriminates different sleep stages. Aperiodic activity is commonly defined as the spectral slope of the 1/frequency (1/f) decay function of the electrophysiological power spectrum. However, several lines of inquiry now indicate that the aperiodic component of the power spectrum might be better characterized by a superposition of several decay processes with associated timescales. Here, we determined multiple timescales, which jointly shape aperiodic activity using human intracranial electroencephalography. Across three independent studies (47 participants, 23 female), our results reveal that aperiodic activity reliably dissociated sleep stage-dependent dynamics in a regionally specific manner. A principled approach to parametrize aperiodic activity delineated several, spatially and state-specific timescales. Lastly, we employed pharmacological modulation by means of propofol anesthesia to disentangle state-invariant timescales that may reflect physical properties of the underlying neural population from state-specific timescales that likely constitute functional interactions. Collectively, these results establish the presence of multiple intrinsic timescales that define the electrophysiological power spectrum during distinct brain states.

Experts may not agree on all the specifics, but here's what we do know.

Not to worry—shut-eye comes easily to these aquatic mammals

Genetically encoded calcium indicators (GECIs) allow for the noninvasive evaluation of neuronal activity in vivo, and imaging GECIs in Drosophila has become commonplace for understanding neural functions and connectivity in this system. GECIs can also be used as read-outs for studying sleep in this model organism. Here, we describe a methodology for tracking the activity of neurons in the fly brain using a two-photon (2p) microscopy system. This method can be adapted to perform functional studies of neural activity in Drosophila under both spontaneous and evoked conditions, as well as during spontaneous or induced sleep. We first describe a tethering and surgical procedure that allows survival under the microscopy conditions required for long-term recordings. We then outline the steps and reagents required for optogenetic activation of sleep-promoting neurons while simultaneously recording neural activity from the fly brain. We also describe the procedure for recording from two different locations—namely, the top of the head (e.g., to record mushroom body calyx activity) or the back of the head (e.g., to record central complex activity). We also provide different strategies for recording from GECIs confined to the cell body versus the entire neuron. Finally, we describe the steps required for analyzing the multidimensional data that can be acquired. In all, this protocol shows how to perform calcium imaging experiments in tethered flies, with a focus on acquiring spontaneous and induced sleep data.

Sleep studies in Drosophila melanogaster rely mostly on behavioral read-outs to support molecular or circuit-level investigations in this model. Electrophysiology can provide an additional level of understanding in these studies to, for example, investigate changes in brain activity associated with sleep manipulations. In this protocol, we describe a procedure for performing multichannel local field potential (LFP) recordings in the fruit fly, with a flexible system that can be adapted to different experimental paradigms and situations. The approach uses electrodes containing multiple recording sites (16), allowing the acquisition of large amounts of neuronal activity data from a transect through the brain while flies are still able to sleep. The approach starts by tethering the fly, followed by positioning it on an air-supported ball. A multichannel silicon probe is then inserted laterally into the fly brain via one eye, allowing for recording of electrical signals from the retina through to the central brain. These recordings can be acquired under spontaneous conditions or in the presence of visual stimuli, and the minimal surgery promotes long-term recordings (e.g., overnight). Sleep and wake can be tracked using infrared cameras, which allow for the measurement of locomotive activity as well as microbehaviors such as proboscis extensions during sleep. The protocol has been optimized to promote subject survivability, which is an important factor when performing long-term (~16-h) recordings. The approach described here uses specific recording probes, data acquisition devices, and analysis tools. Although it is expected that some of these items might need to be adapted to the equipment available in different laboratories, the overall aim is to provide an overview on how to record electrical activity across the brain of behaving (and sleeping) flies using this kind of approach and technology.

Falkland locals are still wrapping their heads around the raid of the rural property, likened to a scene out of Breaking Bad, which was part of an RCMP operation that seized drugs and guns worth almost half a billion dollars.

Sleep is likely a whole-brain phenomenon, with most of the brain probably benefiting from this state of decreased arousal. Recent advances in our understanding of some potential sleep functions, such as metabolite clearance and synaptic homeostasis, make it evident why the whole brain is likely impacted by sleep: All neurons have synapses, and all neurons produce waste metabolites. Sleep experiments in the fly Drosophila melanogaster suggest that diverse sleep functions appear to be conserved across all animals. Studies of brain activity during sleep in humans typically involve multidimensional data sets, such as those acquired by electroencephalograms (EEGs) or functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), and these whole-brain read-outs often reveal important qualities of different sleep stages, such as changes in frequency dynamics or connectivity. Recently, various techniques have been developed that allow for the recording of neural activity simultaneously across multiple regions of the fly brain. These whole-brain-recording approaches will be important for better understanding sleep physiology and function, as they provide a more comprehensive view of neural dynamics during sleep and wake in a relevant model system. Here, we present a brief summary of some of the findings derived from sleep activity recording studies in sleeping Drosophila flies and discuss the value of electrophysiological versus calcium imaging techniques. Although these involve very different preparations, they both highlight the value of multidimensional data for studying sleep in this model system, like the use of both EEG and fMRI in humans.

Check here each week to keep up with the latest from John MacArthur's pulpit at Grace Community Church.

We instinctively know that relaxing feels good, but we are now figuring out what it does to the brain and uncovering the best ways to unwind to maximise its benefits

New research into the moments between wakefulness and sleep could bring hope for insomniacs and even make us more creative problem-solvers

Title: What Can Be Diagnosed From a Sleep Study?
Category: Diseases and Conditions
Created: 7/7/2022 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 7/7/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: AHA News: Study of Sleep in Older Adults Suggests Nixing Naps, Striving for 7-9 Hours a Night
Category: Health News
Created: 7/26/2022 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 7/27/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: How Many Hours of Sleep Do You Really Need?
Category: Health and Living
Created: 8/16/2022 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/16/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: Sleep Boosts Memory for Parkinson's Patients, Study Suggests
Category: Health News
Created: 8/24/2012 6:05:00 PM
Last Editorial Review: 8/27/2012 12:00:00 AM

Title: Snoring Kids Should Be Screened for Sleep Apnea: Experts
Category: Health News
Created: 8/28/2012 10:05:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/28/2012 12:00:00 AM

Title: You Can Learn While You Sleep, Study Suggests
Category: Health News
Created: 8/27/2012 4:05:00 PM
Last Editorial Review: 8/28/2012 12:00:00 AM

Title: Sleep Apnea Seen in Pregnant Women With Gestational Diabetes
Category: Health News
Created: 8/23/2013 12:35:00 PM
Last Editorial Review: 8/26/2013 12:00:00 AM

Title: Prescription Sleep Aids a Common Choice for American Insomnia
Category: Health News
Created: 8/29/2013 9:35:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/29/2013 12:00:00 AM

Title: Getting Back to School Sleep Schedules
Category: Health News
Created: 8/23/2014 9:39:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/25/2014 12:00:00 AM

Title: 'Sleep Drunkenness' Is Common and Linked to Other Behavior Issues
Category: Health News
Created: 8/25/2014 4:35:00 PM
Last Editorial Review: 8/26/2014 12:00:00 AM

Title: Health Tip: Do You Talk in Your Sleep?
Category: Health News
Created: 8/27/2014 7:35:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/27/2014 12:00:00 AM

Title: Sleep Apnea Treatment Helps Seniors, Study Finds
Category: Health News
Created: 8/27/2014 12:35:00 PM
Last Editorial Review: 8/28/2014 12:00:00 AM

Title: Less Sleep in Teen Years Tied to More Pounds at 21
Category: Health News
Created: 8/28/2014 4:36:00 PM
Last Editorial Review: 8/29/2014 12:00:00 AM

Title: Could You Have Sleep Apnea?
Category: Health News
Created: 8/30/2017 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/30/2017 12:00:00 AM

Title: Sleepless Nights Do No Favors for Your Heart
Category: Health News
Created: 8/30/2017 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/31/2017 12:00:00 AM

Title: For a Healthier Heart, Stick to 6 to 8 Hours of Sleep
Category: Health News
Created: 8/28/2018 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/28/2018 12:00:00 AM

Title: Sleep Apnea Might Raise Odds for Painful Gout
Category: Health News
Created: 8/30/2018 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/30/2018 12:00:00 AM

Title: Your Sleep Patterns and Alzheimer's Risk
Category: Health News
Created: 8/24/2020 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/25/2020 12:00:00 AM

Title: One Benefit of Online Learning: Better Sleep for Kids
Category: Health News
Created: 8/27/2021 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/27/2021 12:00:00 AM

Title: America's Love Affair With Sleeping Pills May Be Waning
Category: Health News
Created: 8/24/2022 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/24/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: Poor Sleep Can Make Folks Selfish, Study Finds
Category: Health News
Created: 8/24/2022 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/24/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: How Do I Get My Baby to Sleep Longer at Night?
Category: Diseases and Conditions
Created: 8/18/2021 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/23/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: How Can I Help My Toddler With Sleep Problems?
Category: Diseases and Conditions
Created: 6/17/2021 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/24/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: Too Little Sleep Could Have Teens Piling on Pounds
Category: Health News
Created: 8/24/2022 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/24/2022 12:00:00 AM

Extract

We read with great interest the correspondence by T. Bitter and co-workers in the European Respiratory Review, about our recently published review entitled "Central sleep apnoea: not just one phenotype" [1]. We first want to express our gratefulness to the authors for their support and appreciation of our work, particularly regarding the urgent need for an increasingly differentiated view of central sleep apnoea (CSA) in the context of precision medicine.

Extract

We read with great interest the review article by Randerath et al. [1] recently published in the European Respiratory Review. We would like to congratulate the authors on this clearly structured review, which emphasises the urgent need for an increasingly differentiated view of central sleep apnoea (CSA) in the context of precision medicine.