Mahsa Altafi
Oct 23, 2024; 44:e0518242024-e0518242024
Systems/Circuits

Holly Oakley
Oct 4, 2006; 26:10129-10140
Neurobiology of Disease

Neural circuits supporting innate behaviors, such as feeding, exploration, and social interaction, intermingle in the lateral hypothalamus (LH). Although previous studies have shown that individual LH neurons change their firing relative to the baseline during one or more behaviors, the firing rate dynamics of LH populations within behavioral episodes and the coordination of behavior-related LH populations remain largely unknown. Here, using unsupervised graph-based clustering of LH neurons firing rate dynamics in freely behaving male mice, we identified distinct populations of cells whose activity corresponds to feeding, specific times during feeding bouts, or other innate behaviors—social interaction and novel object exploration. Feeding-related cells fired together with a higher probability during slow and fast gamma oscillations (30–60 and 60–90 Hz) than during nonrhythmic epochs. In contrast, the cofiring of neurons signaling other behaviors than feeding was overall similar between slow gamma and nonrhythmic epochs but increased during fast gamma oscillations. These results reveal a neural organization of ethological hierarchies in the LH and point to behavior-specific motivational systems, the dysfunction of which may contribute to mental disorders.

The Chesapeake Bay watershed is the winter home for a broad variety of birds, and avid bird watchers flock to the region to find the rarest species (Meredith Bragg)

From the Americas to Europe then back again, there's more to the potato than meets the eyes.

The deep penetrations suggest that the feline was pressing its claws into the clay, a behavior sometimes known as "making biscuits"

The species may have been carried to the Sacramento–San Joaquin Delta in ballast water on ships

It's not clear how the juvenile male ended up so far north, but experts suggest he was motivated by his appetite

U.S. president-elect Donald Trump has promised sweeping global tariffs in his next term, but the Canadian Steel Producers Association remains confident that the industry can come out unscathed.

After Canada Post workers gave a 72-hour notice to strike early Tuesday, some Calgary business owners are worried about what this means for holiday season sales. 

SolidWorks 3D CAD Software Helps Enable Launch of SideEyes, a Potentially Life-Saving Infrared Alert System

World's #1 mainstream analysis software adds 100-plus new features that put powerful design validation in easy-to-use packages

U.K. company cut weeks out of design time, eliminated prototyping, and increased innovation with SOLIDWORKS and CircuitWorks

More than 4,600 of the world's engineering experts witness astonishing new products

An Apple supplier may have been tapped to build an Apple-designed smart home camera and future health-focused AirPods, according to analyst Ming-Chi Kuo.

With the stakes high in November, school shutdowns, reopenings, and money for recovery could put education front and center for voters, and complicate things for politicians and activists alike.

Early withdrawals reduce the overall value of your retirement savings, which will have a significant impact on future retirement income.

If you are uncertain whether you are dealing with a scammer, use these checklists to see your potential risk profile, and warning signs of possible scams.

Delays in the payment of withdrawals from the two-pot retirement system have led members of the Government Employees Pension Fund to voice their concerns on social media.

A new digital guide aims to identify students missing out on special education services and supports during distance learning.

Om Trivedi is a second-year student at Penn State Brandywine with a major in computer science. He was attracted to Penn State by the University's 2+2 program, which will allow him to transition to University Park for his final two years.

Penn State Brandywine’s Student Spotlight series highlights the remarkable work being done by students in leadership, academics, service, athletics and more.

Penn State Brandywine’s Student Spotlight series highlights the remarkable work being done by students in leadership, academics, service, athletics and more.

Penn State Brandywine’s Student Spotlight series highlights the remarkable work being done by students in leadership, academics, service, athletics and more.

Penn State Brandywine’s Student Spotlight series highlights the remarkable work being done by students in leadership, academics, service, athletics and more.

Penn State Brandywine’s Student Spotlight series highlights the remarkable work being done by students in leadership, academics, service, athletics and more.

OM is partnering with a multi-organisational initiative to send mission-minded expatriates from the Arabian Peninsula to the least reached people around the globe.

This week SA Money Report discusses the new proposals to change the country's retirement system, and how you might be able to access some of your funds.

A recent analysis reveals that Voyager's encounter occurred during an intense solar storm, potentially skewing our perception of the Uranian system.

Scientists at Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory in California are exploring new techniques for creating superheavy elements, focusing on the potential synthesis of “element 120,” also called unbinilium. If successful, this addition could lead to an eighth row on the periodic table. Using ion bombardment, researchers demonstrated a process that may achieve unbinilium by targeting californium with supercharged titanium ions. The approach offers promise, although creating just two atoms could take weeks. This project marks an important step forward in understanding atomic structures and superheavy elements.

The lower-end Xbox Series S has run into hardware bottlenecks in the past when it comes to new releases, and concerns have been raised about whether the console would be able to run GTA 6 without problems. Take-Two Interactive CEO Strauss Zelnick has now downplayed those concerns, saying he is “not worried” about GTA 6 performance on Xbox Series S.

Asus ROG Phone 9 will be officially launched later this week. Following Qualcomm's unveiling of the Snapdragon 8 Elite chipset last month, Asus confirmed that the ROG Phone 9 would use the flagship SoC. Now, ahead of the launch, the handset has been reportedly spotted in the Geekbench ML online database suggesting key specifications.

NASA's Roman Space Telescope has successfully integrated the Roman Coronagraph, a vital step in detecting planets far beyond our solar system. This tool will help block starlight, enabling the telescope to capture faint planetary light. The coronagraph marks a significant advancement in exoplanet detection, allowing the telescope to observe planets 100 million times fainter than their stars. The mission will provide insights into dark energy, exoplanets, and more, paving the way for future observatories like the Habitable Worlds Observatory.

Instagram might be working on a new artificial intelligence (AI) feature that will allow users to upload AI-generated images. A new leak claims that the Meta-owned social media platform is testing a feature that will allow users to use AI models to generate profile pictures using AI. While not a lot is known about the feature at this point, similar features are reportedly being developed for Facebook and WhatsApp as well.

Directed by Priyadarshan, Hera Pheri was released in 2000. It featured Akshay Kumar, Suniel Shetty, Paresh Rawal and Tabu in the lead roles.

Anushka Sharma and Virat Kohli seemed to have a good South Indian meal at the restaurant. Anushka also reposted the restaurants post ionher Instagram Stories

William Hare operated the largest pottery business in Delaware, despite not having a large, industrialized operation. Christopher Espenshade’s study of Hare’s work provides insight into Delaware’s pottery industry, 19th-century changes in pottery products, and the development of the modern city of Wilmington. William Hare: Master Potter of Wilmington, Delaware, 1839-1885 – by Christopher Espenshade   […]

Attorney General Kathy Jennings announced Tuesday that Delaware has joined a total $17.5 million settlement against Georgia-based retailer The Home Depot, resolving a multistate investigation of a 2014 data breach which exposed the payment card information of approximately 40 million Home Depot consumers nationwide. Through the settlement The Home Depot has reached a resolution with […]

Effective July 1, the Delaware Department of Agriculture (DDA) will quarantine New Castle County in its entirety due to established populations of spotted lanternfly found in Odessa.

DOVER, Del. (October 29, 2020) – Effective October 30, the Delaware Department of Agriculture (DDA) will add Kent County in its entirety to the current spotted lanternfly quarantine of New Castle County. The expansion is due to established populations of spotted lanternfly found in Smyrna, Dover, and Harrington this past week. At this point in […]

The Delaware Department of Agriculture (DDA) is warning anyone who purchased turtles, specifically the red-eared slider turtle, between August 2020 and January 2021 to take extra precautions to prevent illness.

The Delaware Department of Agriculture is warning all residents about two deadly species of hemlock recently found in Sussex County. Environmental scientists have confirmed the presence of poison hemlock (Conicum maculatum) and spotted water hemlock (Cicuta maculata). All parts of the plants – leaves, stems, flowers, and roots – are poisonous to humans and animals.

Five years after the first confirmed spotted lanternfly was found in New Castle County in 2017, the spotted lanternfly has made its way to Sussex County, creating a statewide quarantine for this invasive pest.

Delaware has been experiencing a significant increase in potbellied pigs running at large in residential and rural areas, including on state lands. Running at large, these pigs pose a nuisance to landowners, increase the threat of establishing feral pig populations, damage natural resources, and risk carrying endemic diseases that can spread to both people and animals.

On June 1, a new regulation was published in the Delaware Register of Regulations (Volume 26, Issue 12) listing potbellied pigs and feral swine of any kind as invasive. The Delaware Department of Agriculture (DDA) is providing a 30-day grace period for potbellied pig owners to apply for an Invasive Animal Permit. Owners have until August 12 to submit an application and comply with 3 DE Admin. Code 906 Possession, Sale, or Exhibition of Non-Native and Invasive Animal Species.

More than 40 Delaware potbellied pig owners have applied for an Invasive Animal Permit since the Delaware Department of Agriculture (DDA) notified residents last week of the new regulation, 3 DE Admin. Code 906 Possession, Sale, or Exhibition of Non-Native and Invasive Animal Species, listing potbellied pigs and feral swine of any kind as invasive. One of the biggest concerns for these owners is the visible identification ear tag their animals must have to comply with the regulation.

DOVER, DE (Sept. 29, 2022) – October 2 marks the official start of the 2022-2023 influenza (flu) season. The flu vaccine plays a pivotal role in helping to avoid significant flu-related illnesses, including hospitalization and death. The Delaware Division of Public Health (DPH) believes it is vital for Delawareans to protect themselves and their loved ones by getting […]

Amidst a shortage of prescription stimulants, concerns have been raised about the potential increase in illicit drug use. With many individuals relying on prescription stimulants to manage conditions such as attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), the shortage has left many struggling to access the medication they need. This has led some individuals to turn to illicit drugs […]