2 Privacy Commissioner’s small budget to make policing new data breach laws difficult, experts say By www.smh.com.au Published On :: Fri, 23 Feb 2018 01:13:02 GMT New laws that mandate companies notify individuals about data breaches add to Privacy Commissioner's already-stacked caseload, but do not come with new funding. Full Article
2 Brexit: What Now for UK Trade Policy? (Part 2) By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: Fri, 06 Sep 2019 13:45:01 +0000 Research Event 1 October 2019 - 12:30pm to 1:30pm Chatham House | 10 St James's Square | London | SW1Y 4LE Event participants Professor Jagjit S. Chadha, Director, NIESRDr Kamala Dawar, Senior Lecturer in Law, University of Sussex; Fellow, UKTPODr Michael Gasiorek, Senior Lecturer in Economics, University of Sussex; Director, Interanalysis; Fellow, UKTPOChair: Professor Jim Rollo, Deputy Director, UKTPO; Associate Fellow, Chatham House In the five months since the last extension of the Brexit deadline, the questions about the UK’s trading relationship with the EU remain as open as before, as do those about what sort of relationship it should seek with other partners.The world has not stood still, however, and so the UKTPO is convening another panel to consider constructive ways of moving forward. The panel will discuss potential trajectories for UK trade policy, followed by a question and answer session.The UK Trade Policy Observatory (UKTPO) is a partnership between Chatham House and the University of Sussex which provides independent expert comment on, and analysis of, trade policy proposals for the UK as well as training for British policymakers through tailored training packages. Department/project Global Economy and Finance Programme, UK Trade Policy Observatory Full Article
2 UK General Election 2019: What the Political Party Manifestos Imply for Future UK Trade By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: Mon, 25 Nov 2019 15:50:01 +0000 Research Event 4 December 2019 - 12:30pm to 1:30pm Chatham House | 10 St James's Square | London | SW1Y 4LE Event participants Michael Gasiorek, Professor of Economics, University of Sussex; Director, Interanalysis; Fellow, UK Trade Policy Observatory, University of SussexJulia Magntorn Garrett, Research Officer, UK Trade Policy Observatory, University of SussexProf Jim Rollo, Deputy Director, UK Trade Policy Observatory, University of Sussex; Associate Fellow, Global Economy and Finance Department, Chatham HouseNicolo Tamberi, Research Officer in the Economics of Brexit, University of SussexL. Alan Winters, Professor of Economics, Director, UK Trade Policy Observatory, University of Sussex The upcoming UK general election is arguably a 'Brexit election', and as such, whoever wins the election will have little time to get their strategy for Brexit up and running to meet the new Brexit deadline of 31 January 2020. But what are the political parties’ policies for the UK's future trade? This event will present and discuss what the five main parties’ manifestos imply for future UK trade. Each manifesto will be presented and analysed by a fellow of the UK Trade Policy Observatory (UKTPO) and will be followed by a Q&A session. Department/project Global Economy and Finance Programme, UK Trade Policy Observatory Michela Gariboldi Research Assistant, Global Economy and Finance Programme 02073143692 Email Full Article
2 Trade Tensions Set to Continue in 2020 By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: Tue, 14 Jan 2020 10:13:33 +0000 14 January 2020 Megan Greene Dame Deanne Senior Fellow in International Economics @economistmeg LinkedIn As the US faces off over trade with both China and the EU, expect another year of uncertainty. 2020-01-14-Zhangjiagang.jpg Unloading at a port in Zhangjiagang. Photo: Getty Images. Global trade policy is not going back to the consensus that prevailed over the past few decades. Even if the growing cycle of tariffs and trade threats is tamed in 2020, the economic consensus that underpinned broad support for open trade is breaking down, and escalation in trade tensions is likely.What next for the US and China?The US and China are currently at the centre of these tensions. The equity and bond markets started 2020 off euphorically as news of a ‘phase one’ trade deal between the two dominated headlines. Such a deal involves the US reducing some previously imposed tariffs and tabling another round of threatened ones, while China agrees to buy more US goods, including agriculture. This represents a détente of sorts, but don’t expect it to last; trade between the two countries is not actually at the heart of their trade war.The question instead is which country will have the biggest economy, based on excellence in industries such as artificial intelligence, machine learning and quantum computing. There is a national security component to this issue as well, given how much these high-tech industries feed into military and national security operations. This has increasingly become a concern for the United States as China has adopted a more aggressive regional stance, particularly in the South China Sea.Tariffs have been used as a tool by both countries to try to prevent the other from dominating the global economy, and while they have dented both economies, they aren’t a particularly effective tool. In particular, tariffs do nothing to address US concerns about intellectual property rights in China, forced technology transfers and state subsidies for high tech industries. The phase one deal, therefore, is a superficial one that fails to get at the heart of the matter.US–EU tensionsHowever, with a temporary US-China détente, the US may turn its attention to Europe. The EU and US are in the midst of negotiating a trade deal, but obstacles have been present from the start.Last July, France adopted a 3% digital tax that applies to firms with global revenues over €750 million per annum generated from digital activities, of which €25 million are made in its territory. A US investigation determined that the digital tax discriminates against US companies such as Google, Amazon, Apple and Facebook, and so the US has threatened France with 100% tariffs on luxury exports, including wine.The long-standing tensions between the US and EU over their aircraft manufacturing behemoths, Boeing and Airbus, make reaching a US–EU trade deal more complicated. They also risk undermining US–EU collaboration on some joint concerns regarding China’s trade policies and practices.The United States recently threatened to increase its punitive measures against European goods as retaliation for Airbus subsidies. The World Trade Organization (WTO) gave the US the green light to impose tariffs of up to 100% on $7.5 billion of EU exports last October, but the US had limited them to 10% on aircraft and 25% on industrial and agricultural products. Now, the US is threatening to escalate.Finally, the US has repeatedly threatened to impose tariffs on imported cars from the EU. This threat looms large for Germany in particular, which is a significant producer of automobiles and whose industry is still recovering from the diesel emissions scandal. Germany has for the past two decades been the powerhouse economy in the EU, but has more recently seen sclerotic growth.US election implicationsIt is an election year in the United States, and while it is too early to call the election (or even guess who the Democratic candidate might be), the ballot could bring about change on trade. Protectionism has historically been more of a Democrat policy than a Republican one, so there won’t be a complete reversal of Trump’s trade policy if a Democrat were to win. But there might be some changes.If a Democrat controlled the White House, the US would still want to pressure China, but it might adopt a more international approach in that effort. The US might also reverse the steel and aluminium tariffs that kicked off these heightened trade tensions.Most importantly, the US might stop hindering the WTO by appointing judges to the appellate body (without which the WTO cannot address rulings that are being appealed) and would likely work with other countries to reform the WTO. The focus would shift from confrontation to negotiation. This, of course, depends on which Democrat is in the White House.In the meantime, President Trump has a difficult balancing act. Being tough on China and bringing home American jobs were successful slogans in his first presidential bid. He will want to indicate he has delivered on both and will continue to do so. At the same time, tariffs have sparked dips in the markets that have caused the president to de-escalate trade tensions. As the 2020 election approaches, expect the administration to balance these two concerns.Looking beyond the vote, there may be some changes to the US approach to trade over the next decade, depending on which party is in government. The most pernicious aspect of the trade tensions on the global economy has been the uncertainty they have caused; businesses have deferred and delayed investment as they wait to see what the new rules of the global order are. They know the old consensus on trade won’t come back, but don’t yet know what the new consensus is.As long as the limbo persists, and it probably will for at least a few more years, trade issues will remain a risk for the global economy.This article is the first in a series of publications and roundtable discussions, part of the Chatham House Global Trade Policy Forum. Full Article
2 China's 2020: Economic Transition, Sustainability and the Coronavirus By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: Tue, 04 Feb 2020 21:15:01 +0000 Corporate Members Event 10 March 2020 - 12:15pm to 2:00pm Chatham House | 10 St James's Square | London | SW1Y 4LE Event participants Dr Yu Jie, Senior Research Fellow on China, Asia-Pacific Programme, Chatham HouseDavid Lubin, Associate Fellow, Global Economy and Finance Programme, Chatham House; Managing Director and Head of Emerging Markets Economics, CitiJinny Yan, Managing Director and Chief China Economist, ICBC StandardChair: Creon Butler, Director, Global Economy and Finance Programme, Chatham House Read all our analysis on the Coronavirus ResponseThe coronavirus outbreak comes at a difficult time for China’s ruling party. A tumultuous 2019 saw the country fighting an economic slowdown coupled with an increasingly hostile international environment. As authorities take assertive steps to contain the virus, the emergency has - at least temporarily - disrupted global trade and supply chains, depressed asset prices and forced multinational businesses to make consequential decisions with limited information. Against this backdrop, panellists reflect on the country’s nascent economic transition from 2020 onward. What has been China’s progress towards a sustainable innovation-led economy so far? To what extent is the ruling party addressing growing concerns over job losses, wealth inequality and a lack of social mobility? And how are foreign investors responding to these developments in China? Members Events Team Email Full Article
2 The G20’s Pandemic Moment By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: Tue, 24 Mar 2020 16:57:35 +0000 24 March 2020 Jim O'Neill Chair, Chatham House The planned emergency meeting of the G20 leaders could be the beginning of smart, thoughtful, collective steps to get beyond this challenging moment in history. 2020-03-24-COVID-Vaccine A researcher works on a vaccine against coronavirus COVID-19 at the Copenhagen University research lab. Photo by THIBAULT SAVARY/AFP via Getty Images. Having chaired the independent (and global) Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Review for David Cameron, I know a similar approach should have been taken quickly about COVID-19.Similar not in precise nature but - in so far as incorporating infectious disease modelling, and using economic analysis to try to contain and solve it - it should be applied in parallel.The AMR Review is well-known for highlighting the potential loss of life as well as the economic costs of an escalating growth of resistance to antimicrobials, and the inaction to prevent it.In particular we showed that, by 2050, there could be around 10 million people each year dying from AMR, and an accumulated $100trn economic cost to the world from 2015 to 2050.Horrendous outcomesWhat is less focused on, as we showed in our final report, is that to prevent these horrendous outcomes, a 'mere' $42bn would need to be invested globally. This would give an investment return of something like 2,000%.I shudder to think what policymakers could do if we don’t make these investments and we reach a situation - possibly accelerated itself by escalating the inappropriate use of antibiotics in this COVID-19 crisis - where we run out of useful antibiotics. It will be a much longer time period to find new vaccines to beat COVID-19.In addition to this crisis, requiring G20 policymakers to back up their generous words about combatting AMR would mean they need to spend around $10bn instigating the generally agreed Market Incentive Awards to promote serious efforts by pharmaceutical companies.In fact, given that the financial crisis we are also now in means companies are greatly dependent on our governments for their future survival, perhaps the pharma Industry will finally understand the real world concept of 'Pay or Play', where companies that don’t try to find new antibiotics are taxed to provide the pool of money for others that are bold enough to try. And realise there is a world coming of different risk-rewards for all, including them.When applied to the COVID-19 challenge, it is useful to look at the required investment in accelerating as much as possible the efforts to find useful vaccines to beat it, but also to immediately introduce the therapeutics and diagnostics in countries that are so poorly prepared.Those Asian countries affected early include a number that seem to have coped so far in keeping the crisis to a minimum because they had the appropriate therapeutics and diagnostics, despite not having vaccines. A sum of approximately $10 bn from the G20 would be sufficient to cover all these vital areas.Now consider the economics of social distancing. As soon as it became apparent that our policymakers were heeding the Chinese method of trying to suppress COVID-19, it was immediately obvious that our economies would - at least for a short period - sustain the collapse of GDP that China self-imposed in February. From industrial production and other regular monthly data, the Chinese economy has declined by around 20%.It is quite likely many other economies - probably each of the G7 countries - will experience something not too dissimilar in March. And, to stop our complex democracies from further immediate pressure including social disharmony, governments in many countries have needed to undertake dramatic unconventional steps.Here in the UK, our new chancellor effectively had three budgets within less than a fortnight. And outside of the £330bn loan policy he has announced, at least £50bn worth of economic stimulus has been announced.Many other G20 countries have undertaken their own versions of what I call 'People’s QE', many of them bigger packages - the US appears to be contemplating a stimulus as much as $2 trillion.But, for the sake of illustration, if the UK package were the price for three months social distancing and this was repeated across the G20, then the total cost for all G20 countries - adjusted for relative size - would be in the vicinity of $1trillion.If this isn’t accompanied by steps involving the best therapeutics and diagnostics, and we have to keep everyone isolated for one year, it would become at least $4trillion.This may be 'back of the envelope' calculations which ignores the almost inevitable challenges for social cohesion in so many nations. But the G20 must spend something around $10bn immediately to put in absolute best standards all over the world, and another $10 bn to kickstart the market for new antibiotics.This is a version of an article that first appeared in Project Syndicate. Full Article
2 Catalytic residues, substrate specificity, and role in carbon starvation of the 2-hydroxy FA dioxygenase Mpo1 in yeast By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: 2020-04-29 Keisuke MoriApr 29, 2020; 0:jlr.RA120000803v1-jlr.RA120000803Research Articles Full Article
2 Phosphatidylinositol Metabolism, Phospholipases, Lipidomics, and Cancer:In Memoriam of Michael J. O. Wakelam (1955-2020) By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: 2020-04-28 Edward A DennisApr 28, 2020; 0:jlr.T120000868v1-jlr.T120000868Tribute Full Article
2 In Memoriam: Lina M. Obeid (1957-2019) By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: 2020-04-01 Ashley J. SniderApr 1, 2020; 61:466-467Tribute Full Article
2 The lncRNA Gm15622 stimulates SREBP-1c expression and hepatic lipid accumulation by sponging the miR-742-3p in mice By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: 2020-03-30 Minjuan MaMar 30, 2020; 0:jlr.RA120000664v1-jlr.RA120000664Research Articles Full Article
2 Lipid-tuned Zinc Transport Activity of Human ZnT8 Protein Correlates with Risk for Type-2 Diabetes [Molecular Bases of Disease] By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: 2016-12-30T00:06:37-08:00 Zinc is a critical element for insulin storage in the secretory granules of pancreatic beta cells. The islet-specific zinc transporter ZnT8 mediates granular sequestration of zinc ions. A genetic variant of human ZnT8 arising from a single nonsynonymous nucleotide change contributes to increased susceptibility to type-2 diabetes (T2D), but it remains unclear how the high risk variant (Arg-325), which is also a higher frequency (>50%) allele, is correlated with zinc transport activity. Here, we compared the activity of Arg-325 with that of a low risk ZnT8 variant (Trp-325). The Arg-325 variant was found to be more active than the Trp-325 form following induced expression in HEK293 cells. We further examined the functional consequences of changing lipid conditions to mimic the impact of lipid remodeling on ZnT8 activity during insulin granule biogenesis. Purified ZnT8 variants in proteoliposomes exhibited more than 4-fold functional tunability by the anionic phospholipids, lysophosphatidylcholine and cholesterol. Over a broad range of permissive lipid compositions, the Arg-325 variant consistently exhibited accelerated zinc transport kinetics versus the Trp-form. In agreement with the human genetic finding that rare loss-of-function mutations in ZnT8 are associated with reduced T2D risk, our results suggested that the common high risk Arg-325 variant is hyperactive, and thus may be targeted for inhibition to reduce T2D risk in the general populations. Full Article
2 Episode 12 - The Internet of Voodoo Streaming Services (IoVSS) Apple & Facebook results, Nintendo NX By play.acast.com Published On :: Fri, 29 Apr 2016 11:50:59 GMT This week host Matt Egan is joined by regular podder David Price, acting editor of Macworld.co.uk, to discuss Apple's not so awesome results and stalling iPhone sales. Then online editor Scott Carey jumps in to discuss Facebook's far better results and how it has come to dominate the mobile advertising market (15:00) Finally, producer Chris comes out from behind the glass to discuss Nintendo's secretive NX console and having to wait for the new Zelda game (28:00). See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information. Full Article
2 Episode 20 - The Internet of Zuck's Webcam (IoZW) Samsung rumours, London Tech Week & Zuck's webcam By play.acast.com Published On :: Fri, 24 Jun 2016 14:41:06 GMT Editor Matt Egan sits down with staff writer at PC Advisor Lewis Painter to chat about Samsung's S8 rumours. Editor of Techworld.com Charlotte Jee discusses all the goings on from London Tech Week and if London is as much of a tech city as it says it is (12:00). Finally, regular guest David Price, editor at Macworld UK, comes on to discuss Mark Zuckerberg's webcam paranoia and cyber security (22:00). See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information. Full Article
2 Episode 21 - The Internet of Cleanin' Windows (IoCW) Windows 10 anniversary, NOW TV and holidays By play.acast.com Published On :: Mon, 04 Jul 2016 10:05:49 GMT This week host Matt Egan is joined by first time podder and editor of PC Advisor Jim Martin to chat Microsoft Windows 10 anniversary updates and the impact on Microsoft Surface devices. Producer Chris then comes on to chat about Sky's two big NOW TV announcements, and the future of television and broadband (16:00). Finally, UKTW podcast regular David Price chats about the impact technology is having on our holidays (26:30). See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information. Full Article
2 Episode 22 - The Internet of Ultra Balls (IoUB) Pokemon Go, Playstation VR and iOS 10 By play.acast.com Published On :: Fri, 08 Jul 2016 11:24:25 GMT In Matt Egan's absence first time host Henry Burrell heroically steps in to chat about Pokemon Go with producer Chris. Then fellow staff writer Chris Minasians discusses iOS 10 beta and all of the rumoured features for the latest Apple operating system, including dark mode (10:30). Finally, Lewis Painter, staff writer at PC Advisor, talks about Playstation VR being released for the PS4, pricing and games (23:30). See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information. Full Article
2 Episode 23 - The Internet of Top Tech Topics (IoTTT) Brexit, Pokemon Go & Tesla By play.acast.com Published On :: Fri, 15 Jul 2016 13:19:19 GMT For the second week running hosting duties are taken by Henry Burrell, who is joined by Techworld.com editor Charlotte Jee to discuss the impact of Brexit on the UK's startups. Producer Chris then jumps in to discuss the Pokemon Go launch in the UK and a debate breaks out over whether it is for adults (13:00) Finally, online editor at Computerworld UK Scott Carey brings the latest news around driverless cars, from Tesla's recent struggles and how it may affect the industry in general (25:00) See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information. Full Article
2 Episode 24 – The Internet of David’s Rules (IoDR) ARM, graphics cards & Twitter’s crackdown By play.acast.com Published On :: Fri, 22 Jul 2016 12:38:13 GMT Macworld UK’s Acting Editor David Price takes the reins for this edition, and is joined by Online Editor of Computerworld UK Scott Carey to chat about billions and billions of pounds and the acquisition of ARM by SoftBank. Second up, Staff Writer at PC Advisor and Macworld UK Christopher Minasians plugs in to the haunting world of graphics cards and makes sense of it all for the rest of us. Digital Arts Staff Writer Mimi Launder then explains why Twitter has slapped a troll right in the face in order to stand up to Internet bullying. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information. Full Article
2 Episode 25 - The Internet of Bread (IoB) Windows 10, Verizon buys Yahoo! & Apple results By play.acast.com Published On :: Thu, 28 Jul 2016 16:19:05 GMT Hosting duties fall to Henry Burrell this week as he discusses the deadline for the free Microsoft Windows 10 update with Chris Minasians, staff writer at PC Advisor. Scott Carey, online editor at Techworld.com jumps in to talk about why the Verizon deal for Yahoo is ridiculous and charts the missteps that got the company to this point (15:00). Finally, regular guest David Price discusses Apple's less than stellar financial results and if the iPhone is plateauing (26:00). See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information. Full Article
2 Episode 26 - The Internet of Small Hands Big Phones (IoSHBP) Galaxy Note7, GDS & Instagram stories By play.acast.com Published On :: Fri, 05 Aug 2016 13:11:07 GMT Matt Egan is back in the hosting chair to chat with producer Chris about the Samsung Galaxy Note 7 and how we feel about phablets. Techworld.com editor Charlotte Jee comes in to explain what is going on at the GDS (government digital service) and why we should care (13:00). Then online editor at Techworld.com Scott Carey chats Instagram stories, why it is a blatant rip off of Snapchat stories and how the social media giant can get away with being so brazen (22:00). See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information. Full Article
2 Episode 27 - The Internet of No Man's Sky (IoNMS) NMS hype, open banking and emojis By play.acast.com Published On :: Fri, 12 Aug 2016 14:50:59 GMT Host Matt Egan is joined by the world's number one authority on No Man's Sky, producer Chris, to discuss the hype around the vast Playstation and PC game, how it was made and parallel universes. Scott Carey, online editor at Techworld.com jumps in to speak about the government's Open Banking report and how technology could change the way we bank in the future (16:00). Finally, acting editor at Macworld UK David Price is talking water pistol emojis and the strange politics of Apple (27:00). See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information. Full Article
2 Episode 28 - The Internet of Gamescom (IoG) Blackberry security and plane hacks By play.acast.com Published On :: Fri, 19 Aug 2016 11:40:59 GMT David Price is in the host chair this week and is joined by Lewis Painter, staff writer at PC Advisor and Macworld UK to discuss all the news coming out of Gamescom, including No Man's Sky, Metal Gear, Final Fantasy and Battlefield. Henry Burrell, staff writer at PC Advisor and Macworld UK jumps in to chat Blackberry and its trumped up security claims (15:00). Finally, Charlotte Jee, editor at Techworld.com talks about hacking planes, trains and automobiles (26:30). See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information. Full Article
2 Episode 29 - The Internet of Wildcats (IoW) Android Nougat, Deliveroo strikes & Playstation rumours By play.acast.com Published On :: Fri, 26 Aug 2016 12:30:46 GMT Henry Burrell is the master of ceremonies this week, dropping beats on the hottest tech topics. First up, producer Chris joins to chat about the latest Android OS: Nougat. Then staff writer at Techworld.com Scott Carey jumps in to chat about the Deliveroo strikes this week and what this means for sharing economy companies like Uber and Airbnb in general (15:30). Finally, staff writer at Tech Advisor Lewis Painter has some Playstation console rumours to discuss (27:00). See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information. Full Article
2 Episode 32 - The Internet of Natural Selection (IoNS) By play.acast.com Published On :: Fri, 16 Sep 2016 14:02:08 GMT In episode 32, Techworld's Scott Carey looks at Amazon's Echo and finds a dystopian future world in which our household appliances listen to us and talk back. Digital Arts editor Neil Bennett (15:06) explains why Tesla now has to design products for stupid people, and Macworld's David Price explains why mums don't like Apple's iOS 10 (28:00). We also discuss the beauty and lyricism of the German language. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information. Full Article
2 Episode 42 - The Internet of Chinese Boogie Men (IoCBM) Black Friday, Facebook and Autumn Statement By play.acast.com Published On :: Fri, 25 Nov 2016 07:00:00 GMT Matt Egan is in the presenter chair this week as he chats about Black Friday and the changing face of online retail with acting editor at Macworld UK, David Price. Then online editor at Techworld.com Scott Carey talks Facebook and its recent issues with fake news and Chinese censorship (12:00). Finally, online editor at Computerworld UK Tamlin Magee brings us up to date with the Government's Autumn Statement and what it means for the technology sector (26:00). See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information. Full Article
2 Episode 42.a: The Internet of Snowden By play.acast.com Published On :: Thu, 01 Dec 2016 00:00:00 GMT In this special bonus sub-episode Techworld's Scott Carey speaks to Joseph Gordon-Levitt, the Hollywood star who is currently in theatres around the world playing Edward Snowden in the film that carries his name. The discussion ranges from mass surveillance to Donald Trump and social media echo chambers. The roundtable discussion includes Mairi Clare Rodgers and Silkie Carlo from Liberty; Barbora Bukovska, Article 19; Harmit Kambo, Privacy International and Abigail Chandler, Gizmodo UK. Snowden is in UK cinemas from December 9. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information. Full Article
2 Episode 47 - The Internet of War Lasers (IoWL) Best tech of 2016, CES and war tech By play.acast.com Published On :: Fri, 13 Jan 2017 14:57:50 GMT The first pod of 2017 explodes into view like your hangover on January 1st with host David Price probing the panel on its blurry eyed take on tech in the New Year. Ashleigh Macro, Engagement Editor of PC Advisor and Macworld UK returns to the pod to recap the expected and unexpected tech of 2016. Will Apple and Amazon reign supreme? Then Chris Martin, Consumer Tech Editor at PC Advisor, hot off the plane from CES in Las Vegas to discuss what was hot and what was really not at the largest tech show in the world. To top it off with some New Year optimism is pod debutant Tom MacAulay, Online Editor at Computerworld UK to let us know all the good (but mainly bad) things we can expect in warfare tech in the next decade. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information. Full Article pod podcast tech technology CES CES 2017 Best of 2016 war war technology
2 Episode 51 - The Internet of Sick Burns (IoSB) Snapchat IPO, Android Wear 2.0 and Apple in India By play.acast.com Published On :: Fri, 10 Feb 2017 11:20:46 GMT Techworld Editor Charlotte Jee conducts the tech orchestra this week, trying to get a tune out of this cold, creaking week. Online Editor at Computerworld UK Scott Carey lets us know all about Snapchat's upcoming IPO, billions of dollars, and the gang comes to the realisation they'll perhaps never understand what it's for. Then Senior Staff Writer at PC Advisor Henry Burrell recaps on Google and LG's launch of Android Wear 2.0 and ask - frankly - is it a big deal? Finally Acting Editor at Macworld UK David Price discusses Apple's rumoured plans to move manufacturing to India, which inevitably moves us on to Tech Trumps. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information. Full Article tech technology snapchat pod podcast IPO Google Android Wear 2.0 smartwatches Apple Donald Trump
2 Episode 52 - The Internet of Nostalgia (IoN) Nokia 3310, drone taxis and Apple on the telly By play.acast.com Published On :: Fri, 17 Feb 2017 13:58:54 GMT Matt Egan takes us where no other pod has dared gone before (September 2000) and asks Digital Arts Editor Neil Bennett if anyone cares that Nokia is rereleasing the famous 3310. Is it cool to rock one now? Then Techworld Audience Development Editor Christina Mercer lets us know that the future is already here with self driving drone taxis. Would you hitch a lift round Dubai on a massive quadcopter? Finally Deputy Editor at Macworld David Price ruminates on Apple's forecast foray into the world of snackable media content - will it challenge Netflix or try to buy it? See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information. Full Article podcast technology tech pod nokia nokia 3310 drones automotive Apple
2 Episode 62 - The Internet of Crying (IoC) Google I/O and WannaCry By play.acast.com Published On :: Fri, 19 May 2017 11:46:36 GMT After indefinite hiatus the gang is back as David Price asks Henry Burrell all about Google I/O. Is it actually going to be called Android Oreo, and should you download the beta? Second up is Tamlin Magee to get to the bottom of WannaCry and the ransomware troubles of the NHS. What is it, should you be worried and will it happen again? May contain terrible jokes. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information. Full Article tech technology google google i/o wannacry nhs podcast funny podcast smartphones
2 Episode 72 - The Internet of Pixels (IoP) Google and Amazon events, Uber and the SNES Mini By play.acast.com Published On :: Fri, 06 Oct 2017 14:21:35 GMT We back. Google and Amazon introduced a raft of new products for us to drool over and, of course, apply a degree of scepticism. Jim Martin was on the ground to use all the new Google stuff and has the latest. Scott then talks us through Uber's mishaps, this time its London licence has been revoked. Will the company go public when it wants to? Finally we discuss the SNES Mini which we managed to get our hands on and why Nintendo has such low stock of all its great products. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information. Full Article pod podcast humor humour funny tech technology google amazon echo dot pixel 2 pixel 2 xl
2 Episode 73 - The Internet of Electric Sheep (IoES) Facebook's blunder, the new Kindle and Blade Runner 2049 By play.acast.com Published On :: Fri, 13 Oct 2017 11:48:50 GMT Episode 73 sees David Price lead Scott Carey, Miriam Harris and Henry Burrell into a critique of Mark Zuckerberg's decision to go into a VR tour of Puerto Rico. Disaster tourism at its finest/worst.Henry then discusses the new Kindle Oasis, which for the firs time is waterproof - but very expensive and quietly released.Finally we all chip in to ask why Blade Runner 2049 is quite so overtly sexist in its portrayal of women. There be spoilers. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information. Full Article
2 Episode 74 - The Internet of KRACK (IoK) Wi-Fi flaws, Pixel 2 and Facebook vs cyberbullying By play.acast.com Published On :: Fri, 20 Oct 2017 09:50:29 GMT David Price is back to host this week, with Christina Mercer breaking down what all the fuss about KRACK is and why you should take precautions with your Wi-Fi. Henry Burrell reviewed the Google Pixel 2 this week so gives us his thoughts on the device. You might want to avoid the larger XL though. We then discuss Facebook's idea to counterattack cyberbullying. Charlotte Jee recently spoke with the company to see what they are doing, but will it work? See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information. Full Article technology podcast krack KRACK wifi wi-fi security google pixel 2 google pixel 2 android facebook cyberbullying
2 Episode 82 - The Internet of Cars in Space (IoCiS) Falcon Heavy, Bitcoin bubble and Apple earnings By play.acast.com Published On :: Fri, 09 Feb 2018 00:00:00 GMT Back with a bang as Computerworld editor Scott Carey leads the squad into the cauldron of convo. Christina Mercer explains why her beau Elon Musk took a car into space, Sean Bradley on that bursting Bitcoin bubble, and David Price to tell us all how Apple can charge even more for its stuff and keep on making record profit. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information. Full Article
2 Episode 86 - The Internet of Education (IoE) New iPads for schools and the Huawei P20 By play.acast.com Published On :: Thu, 29 Mar 2018 15:36:05 GMT Sheriff Scott Carey rounds up his two deputies in David Price and Henry Burrell for a quick-fire two topic pod. Apple launched a new cheaper iPad this week based around its education play - but can schools afford them and are Chromebooks a better option?Then we discuss the new Huawei P20 and P20 Pro. Notches, three cameras but competitive pricing make the new Android flagship an interesting option. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information. Full Article
2 Episode 92 - The Internet of Tech in Sport (IoTiS) VAR, Hawkeye and F1 By play.acast.com Published On :: Tue, 19 Jun 2018 16:16:00 GMT World Cup fever is upon us, and this time round is tech-heavy. The VAR (video assistant referee) makes its (their? know know) debut at a major international football tournament. Is it for the good of the sport?We’re already used to Hawkeye and goal-line technology, so what makes it different in football? Henry Burrell resides as David Price, Christina Mercer and Sean Bradley set the record straight. NB: David loves cricket a lot.And of course, the most tech sport of all, Formula One. Is there a balance the sport misses when it comes to safety and competition? We discuss some of the finer points in a lively debate. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information. Full Article
2 Episode 93 - The Internet of Newsworthy Stuff (IoNS) Uber in London, FB crypto and BlackBerry Key2 By play.acast.com Published On :: Fri, 29 Jun 2018 09:53:21 GMT With Germany out of the World Cup what better way to celebrate than with a triptych of tech news'n'views? Henry Burrell hears from Scott Carey on Uber's London license while Sean Bradley explains why Facebook banned, and then allowed, cryptocurrency ads.Henry then shows off the new BlackBerry and a collection of other phones that Scott finds insulting and ridiculous. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information. Full Article
2 Episode 99 - The Internet of Redemption (IoR) Google tracking, Red Dead Redemption 2 and the iMac at 20 By play.acast.com Published On :: Fri, 17 Aug 2018 13:15:50 GMT This week our host Scott Carey is joined by Techworld editor Charlotte Jee to discuss the revelation that Google is still tracking users, even if you have that feature disabled, and the wider topic of privacy.Then games editor at Tech Advisor, Lewis Painter, joins to talk about one of the most hotly anticipated games of the year: Red Dead Redemption 2.Lastly Macworld UK editor Karen Khan talks about the enduring legacy of the iMac PC 20 years on and how it set Apple on a historic trajectory. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information. Full Article
2 Episode 102 - The Internet of Tennis Max (IoTM) Apple event special, new iPhones and Apple Watch By play.acast.com Published On :: Thu, 13 Sep 2018 10:07:20 GMT A quick-fire reaction Apple special, recorded the morning after new iPhones and an Apple Watch were announced at an event in California.Henry Burrell joins David Price, Ashleigh Macro and Scott Carey to discuss which products we'll be buying, avoiding and coveting over the Christmas period.Is the new iPhone named terribly? Is it an upgrade at all? What wasn't announced? And does Scott give the new Apple Watch any praise at all? It's all here. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information. Full Article
2 Episode 110 - The Internet of These are a Few of Our Favourite Things (IoTaaFoOFT) Best Tech of 2018 By play.acast.com Published On :: Thu, 13 Dec 2018 14:45:40 GMT Scott Carey is in the hosting chair this week as we have a rotating cast of staffers from across Macworld, Tech Advisor, Techworld and Computerworld to discuss our two favourite techie things of the year, from the best games and films, to our favourite devices and even, microchips.Thank you for listening this year and for your continued support for the UK Tech Weekly Podcast and we will see you in the new year. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information. Full Article
2 Episode 112 - The Internet of Controversial Dildos (IoCD) CES roundup ft. sex toys and smart wood By play.acast.com Published On :: Wed, 16 Jan 2019 16:23:57 GMT This week our host Scott Carey catches up with Sean Bradley and Dominic Preston fresh off the back of the International Consumer Electronics Show (CES) in Las Vegas.Dom explains why he was surprised, both in a good and bad way, by the latest foldable screen technology and Sean talks about what is going on in the gaming laptop space, as Alienware looks to soften its image.Then Dom talks about a piece of connected wood and the gang break down the big controversy from the show floor regarding a certain innovative dildo.We are also announcing the sad news that the UK Tech Weekly Podcast will be going on an indefinite hiatus while we reassess our podcasting output. We would like to thank anyone that has taken the time to listen to us for these one hundred and twelve (112!) episodes and rest assured we will be back in some guise soon. See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information. Full Article
2 The lncRNA Gm15622 stimulates SREBP-1c expression and hepatic lipid accumulation by sponging the miR-742-3p in mice [Research Articles] By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: 2020-03-30T14:36:26-07:00 Excessive lipid deposition is a hallmark of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Although much has been learned about the enzymes and metabolites involved in NAFLD, few studies have focused on the role of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) in hepatic lipid accumulation. Here, using in vitro and in vivo models of NAFLD, we found that the lncRNA Gm15622 is highly expressed in the liver of obese mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD) and in murine liver (AML-12) cells treated with free fatty acids. Investigating the molecular mechanism in the liver-enriched expression of Gm15622 and its effects on lipid accumulation in hepatocytes and on NAFLD pathogenesis, we found that Gm15622 acts as a sponge for the microRNA miR-742-3p. This sponging activity increased the expression of the transcriptional regulator sterol regulatory element–binding transcription factor 1c (SREBP-1c) and promoted lipid accumulation in the liver of the HFD mice and AML-12 cells. Moreover, further results indicated that metformin suppresses Gm15622 and alleviates NAFLD-associated lipid deposition in mice. In conclusion, we have identified an lncRNA Gm15622–miR-742-3p–SREBP-1c regulatory circuit associated with NAFLD in mice, a finding that significantly advances our insight into how lipid metabolism and accumulation are altered in this metabolic disorder. Our results also suggest that Gm15622 may be a potential therapeutic target for managing NAFLD. Full Article
2 Phosphatidylinositol Metabolism, Phospholipases, Lipidomics, and Cancer:In Memoriam of Michael J. O. Wakelam (1955-2020) [Tribute] By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: 2020-04-28T14:30:27-07:00 Full Article
2 Catalytic residues, substrate specificity, and role in carbon starvation of the 2-hydroxy FA dioxygenase Mpo1 in yeast [Research Articles] By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: 2020-04-29T08:36:37-07:00 The yeast protein Mpo1 belongs to a protein family that is widely conserved in bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and plants, and is the only protein of this family whose function has so far been elucidated. Mpo1 is an Fe2+-dependent dioxygenase that catalyzes the α-oxidation reaction of 2-hydroxy (2-OH) long-chain FAs produced in the degradation pathway of the long-chain base phytosphingosine. However, several biochemical characteristics of Mpo1, such as its catalytic residues, membrane topology, and substrate specificity, remain unclear. Here, we report that yeast Mpo1 contains two transmembrane domains and that both its N- and C-terminal regions are exposed to the cytosol. Mutational analyses revealed that three histidine residues conserved in the Mpo1 family are especially important for Mpo1 activity, suggesting that they may be responsible for the formation of coordinate bonds with Fe2+. We found that, in addition to activity toward 2-OH long-chain FAs, Mpo1 also exhibits activity toward 2-OH very-long-chain FAs derived from the FA moiety of sphingolipids. These results indicate that Mpo1 is involved in the metabolism of long-chain to very-long-chain 2-OH FAs produced in different pathways. We noted that the growth of mpo1 cells is delayed upon carbon deprivation, suggesting that the Mpo1-mediated conversion of 2-OH FAs to non-hydroxy FAs is important for utilizing 2-OH FAs as a carbon source under carbon starvation. Our findings help to elucidate the as-yet-unknown functions and activities of other Mpo1 family members. Full Article
2 2-Chlorofatty acids are biomarkers of sepsis mortality and mediators of barrier dysfunction in rats [Research Articles] By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: 2020-05-06T11:30:34-07:00 Sepsis is defined as the systemic, dysregulated host immune response to an infection that leads to injury to host organ systems, and, often, death. Complex interactions between pathogens and their hosts elicit microcirculatory dysfunction. Neutrophil myeloperoxidase (MPO) is critical for combating pathogens, but MPO-derived hypochlorous acid (HOCl) can react with host molecular species as well. Plasmalogens are targeted by HOCl, leading to the production of 2-chlorofatty acids (2-CLFAs). 2-CLFAs are associated with human sepsis mortality, decrease in vitroendothelial barrier function, and activate human neutrophil extracellular trap formation. Here, we sought to examine 2-CLFAs in an in vivorat sepsis model. Intraperitoneal cecal slurry sepsis with clinically relevant rescue therapies led to ~73% mortality and evidence of microcirculatory dysfunction. Plasma concentrations of 2-CLFAs assessed 8h after sepsis induction were lower in rats that survived sepsis than in non-survivors. 2-CLFA levels were elevated in kidney, liver, spleen, lung, colon and ileum in septic animals. In vivo, exogenous 2-CLFA treatments increased kidney permeability, and in in vitroexperiments 2-CLFA also increased epithelial surface expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 and decreased epithelial barrier function. Collectively, these studies support a role of free 2-CLFAs as biomarkers of sepsis mortality, potentially mediated, in part, by 2-CLFA-elicited endothelial and epithelial barrier dysfunction. Full Article
2 The G20’s Pandemic Moment By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: Tue, 24 Mar 2020 16:57:35 +0000 24 March 2020 Jim O'Neill Chair, Chatham House The planned emergency meeting of the G20 leaders could be the beginning of smart, thoughtful, collective steps to get beyond this challenging moment in history. 2020-03-24-COVID-Vaccine A researcher works on a vaccine against coronavirus COVID-19 at the Copenhagen University research lab. Photo by THIBAULT SAVARY/AFP via Getty Images. Having chaired the independent (and global) Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Review for David Cameron, I know a similar approach should have been taken quickly about COVID-19.Similar not in precise nature but - in so far as incorporating infectious disease modelling, and using economic analysis to try to contain and solve it - it should be applied in parallel.The AMR Review is well-known for highlighting the potential loss of life as well as the economic costs of an escalating growth of resistance to antimicrobials, and the inaction to prevent it.In particular we showed that, by 2050, there could be around 10 million people each year dying from AMR, and an accumulated $100trn economic cost to the world from 2015 to 2050.Horrendous outcomesWhat is less focused on, as we showed in our final report, is that to prevent these horrendous outcomes, a 'mere' $42bn would need to be invested globally. This would give an investment return of something like 2,000%.I shudder to think what policymakers could do if we don’t make these investments and we reach a situation - possibly accelerated itself by escalating the inappropriate use of antibiotics in this COVID-19 crisis - where we run out of useful antibiotics. It will be a much longer time period to find new vaccines to beat COVID-19.In addition to this crisis, requiring G20 policymakers to back up their generous words about combatting AMR would mean they need to spend around $10bn instigating the generally agreed Market Incentive Awards to promote serious efforts by pharmaceutical companies.In fact, given that the financial crisis we are also now in means companies are greatly dependent on our governments for their future survival, perhaps the pharma Industry will finally understand the real world concept of 'Pay or Play', where companies that don’t try to find new antibiotics are taxed to provide the pool of money for others that are bold enough to try. And realise there is a world coming of different risk-rewards for all, including them.When applied to the COVID-19 challenge, it is useful to look at the required investment in accelerating as much as possible the efforts to find useful vaccines to beat it, but also to immediately introduce the therapeutics and diagnostics in countries that are so poorly prepared.Those Asian countries affected early include a number that seem to have coped so far in keeping the crisis to a minimum because they had the appropriate therapeutics and diagnostics, despite not having vaccines. A sum of approximately $10 bn from the G20 would be sufficient to cover all these vital areas.Now consider the economics of social distancing. As soon as it became apparent that our policymakers were heeding the Chinese method of trying to suppress COVID-19, it was immediately obvious that our economies would - at least for a short period - sustain the collapse of GDP that China self-imposed in February. From industrial production and other regular monthly data, the Chinese economy has declined by around 20%.It is quite likely many other economies - probably each of the G7 countries - will experience something not too dissimilar in March. And, to stop our complex democracies from further immediate pressure including social disharmony, governments in many countries have needed to undertake dramatic unconventional steps.Here in the UK, our new chancellor effectively had three budgets within less than a fortnight. And outside of the £330bn loan policy he has announced, at least £50bn worth of economic stimulus has been announced.Many other G20 countries have undertaken their own versions of what I call 'People’s QE', many of them bigger packages - the US appears to be contemplating a stimulus as much as $2 trillion.But, for the sake of illustration, if the UK package were the price for three months social distancing and this was repeated across the G20, then the total cost for all G20 countries - adjusted for relative size - would be in the vicinity of $1trillion.If this isn’t accompanied by steps involving the best therapeutics and diagnostics, and we have to keep everyone isolated for one year, it would become at least $4trillion.This may be 'back of the envelope' calculations which ignores the almost inevitable challenges for social cohesion in so many nations. But the G20 must spend something around $10bn immediately to put in absolute best standards all over the world, and another $10 bn to kickstart the market for new antibiotics.This is a version of an article that first appeared in Project Syndicate. Full Article
2 WITHDRAWN: Quantitative mass spectrometry analysis of PD-L1 protein expression, N-glycosylation and expression stoichiometry with PD-1 and PD-L2 in human melanoma [Research] By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: 2017-04-28T07:30:39-07:00 This article has been withdrawn by the authors. We discovered an error after this manuscript was published as a Paper in Press. Specifically, we learned that the structures of glycans presented for the PD-L1 peptide were drawn and labeled incorrectly. We wish to withdraw this article and submit a corrected version for review. Full Article
2 Modulation of natural HLA-B*27:05 ligandome by ankylosing spondylitis-associated endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 2 (ERAP2) [Research] By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: 2020-04-07T08:35:14-07:00 The human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-B*27:05 allele and the endoplasmic reticulum-resident aminopeptidases are strongly associated with ankylosing spondylitis (AS), a chronic inflammatory spondyloarthropathy. This study examined the effect of endoplasmic reticulum aminopeptidase 2 (ERAP2) in the generation of the natural HLA-B*27:05 ligandome in live cells. Complexes of HLA-B*27:05-bound peptide pools were isolated from human ERAP2-edited cell clones and the peptides were identified using high throughput mass spectrometry analyses. The relative abundance of thousand ligands was established by quantitative tandem mass spectrometry and bioinformatics analysis. The residue frequencies at different peptide position, identified in presence or absence of ERAP2, determined structural features of ligands and their interactions with specific pockets of antigen binding site of HLA-B*27:05 molecule. Sequence alignment of ligands identified with species of bacteria associated with HLA-B*27-dependent reactive arthritis was performed. In the absence of ERAP2, peptides with N-terminal basic residues, and minority canonical P2 residues are enriched in the natural ligandome. Further, alterations of residue frequencies and hydrophobicity profile at P3, P7, and P positions were detected. In addition, several ERAP2-dependent cellular peptides were highly similar to protein sequences of arthritogenic bacteria, including one human HLA-B*27:05 ligand fully conserved in a protein from Campylobacter jejuni. These findings highlight the pathogenic role of this aminopeptidase in the triggering of AS autoimmune disease. Full Article
2 HIGD2A is required for assembly of the COX3 module of human mitochondrial complex IV [Research] By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: 2020-04-21T08:36:14-07:00 Assembly factors play a critical role in the biogenesis of mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes I-IV where they assist in the membrane insertion of subunits, attachment of co-factors, and stabilization of assembly intermediates. The major fraction of complexes I, III and IV are present together in large molecular structures known as respiratory chain supercomplexes. A number of assembly factors have been proposed as required for supercomplex assembly, including the hypoxia inducible gene 1 domain family member HIGD2A. Using gene-edited human cell lines and extensive steady state, translation and affinity enrichment proteomics techniques we show that loss of HIGD2A leads to defects in the de novo biogenesis of mtDNA-encoded COX3, subsequent accumulation of complex IV intermediates and turnover of COX3 partner proteins. Deletion of HIGD2A also leads to defective complex IV activity. The impact of HIGD2A loss on complex IV was not altered by growth under hypoxic conditions, consistent with its role being in basal complex IV assembly. While in the absence of HIGD2A we show that mitochondria do contain an altered supercomplex assembly, we demonstrate it to harbor a crippled complex IV lacking COX3. Our results redefine HIGD2A as a classical assembly factor required for building the COX3 module of complex IV. Full Article
2 Proteomics of Campylobacter jejuni growth in deoxycholate reveals Cj0025c as a cystine transport protein required for wild-type human infection phenotypes [Research] By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: 2020-05-06T13:56:38-07:00 Campylobacter jejuni is a major cause of food-borne gastroenteritis. Proteomics by label-based two-dimensional liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) identified proteins associated with growth in 0.1% sodium deoxycholate (DOC, a component of gut bile salts), and system-wide validation was performed by data-independent acquisition (DIA-SWATH-MS). LC-MS/MS quantified 1326 proteins (~82% of the predicted C. jejuni proteome), of which 1104 were validated in additional biological replicates by DIA-SWATH-MS. DOC resulted in a profound proteome shift with 512 proteins showing significantly altered abundance. Induced proteins were associated with flagellar motility and antibiotic resistance; and these correlated with increased DOC motility and resistance to polymyxin B and ciprofloxacin. DOC also increased human Caco-2 cell adherence and invasion. Abundances of proteins involved in nutrient transport were altered by DOC and aligned with intracellular changes to their respective carbon sources. DOC increased intracellular levels of sulfur-containing amino acids (cysteine and methionine) and the dipeptide cystine (Cys-Cys), which also correlated with reduced resistance to oxidative stress. A DOC induced transport protein was Cj0025c, which has sequence similarity to bacterial Cys-Cys transporters. Deletion of cj0025c (cj0025c) resulted in proteome changes consistent with sulfur starvation, as well as attenuated invasion, reduced motility, atypical morphology, increased antimicrobial susceptibility and poor biofilm formation. Targeted metabolomics showed cj0025c was capable of utilizing known C. jejuni amino and organic acid substrates commensurate with wild-type. Medium Cys-Cys levels however, were maintained in cj0025c relative to wild-type. A toxic Cys-Cys mimic (selenocystine) inhibited wild-type growth, but not cj0025c. Provision of an alternate sulfur source (2 mM thiosulfate) restored cj0025c motility. Our data confirm that Cj0025c is a Cys-Cys transporter that we have named TcyP consistent with the nomenclature of homologous proteins in other species. Full Article
2 Perspectives on Nuclear Deterrence in the 21st Century By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: Sun, 19 Apr 2020 19:32:28 +0000 20 April 2020 Nuclear deterrence theory, with its roots in the Cold War era, may not account for all eventualities in the 21st century. Researchers at Chatham House have worked with eight experts to produce this collection of essays examining four contested themes in contemporary policymaking on deterrence. Read online Download PDF Dr Beyza Unal Senior Research Fellow, International Security Programme @beyzaunal Google Scholar Yasmin Afina Research Assistant, International Security Programme @afinayasmin LinkedIn Dr Patricia Lewis Research Director, Conflict, Science & Transformation; Director, International Security Programme @PatriciaMary Dr John Borrie Associate Fellow, International Security Programme Google Scholar Dr Jamie Shea Associate Fellow, International Security Programme LinkedIn Peter Watkins Associate Fellow, International Security Programme LinkedIn Dr Maria Rost Rublee Associate Professor of International Relations, Monash University Cristina Varriale Research Fellow in Proliferation and Nuclear Policy, RUSI Dr Tanya Ogilvie-White Adjunct Senior Fellow, Griffith Asia Institute, Griffith University Dr Andrew Futter Associate Professor of International Politics, University of Leicester Christine Parthemore Chief Executive Officer, Council on Strategic Risks (CSR) 2020-04-20-NuclearDeterrence.jpeg Royal Navy Vanguard Class submarine HMS Vigilant returning to HMNB Clyde after extended deployment. The four Vanguard-class submarines form the UK's strategic nuclear deterrent force. Photo: Ministry of Defence. SummaryThis collection of essays explores, from the perspectives of eight experts, four areas of deterrence theory and policymaking: the underlying assumptions that shape deterrence practice; the enduring value of extended deterrence; the impact of emerging technologies; and the ‘blurring’ of the lines between conventional and nuclear weapons.Nuclear deterrence theory, with its roots in the Cold War era, may not account for all eventualities in security and defence in the 21st century, given the larger number of nuclear actors in a less binary geopolitical context. It is clear that a number of present factors challenge the overall credibility of ‘classical’ nuclear deterrence, meaning that in-depth analysis is now needed.Uncertainty as to the appetite to maintain the current nuclear weapons policy architecture looms large in discussions and concerns on global and regional security. The demise of the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty, doubts over the potential extension of the New Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty, heightened regional tensions in Northeast and South Asia, together with the current and likely future risks and challenges arising from global technological competition, making it all the more urgent to examine long-held assumptions in the real-world context.Extended deterrence practices differ from region to region, depending on the domestic and regional landscape. Increased focus on diplomatic capabilities to reduce risks and improve the long-term outlook at regional level, including by spearheading new regional arms-control initiatives, may be a viable way forward. Addressing the bigger picture – notably including, on the Korean peninsula, Pyongyang’s own threat perception – and the links between conventional and nuclear missile issues will need to remain prominent if long-term and concrete changes are to take hold.Most states have long held nuclear weapons to be ‘exceptional’: their use would represent a dramatic escalation of a conflict that must never be attained. Latterly, however, some officials and scholars have made the case that the impact of the use of a low-yield nuclear weapon would not be entirely distinct from that of a large-scale conventional attack. This blurring of lines between conventional and nuclear deterrence strips nuclear weapons of their exceptional nature, in a context in which states are faced with diverse, complex and concurrent threats from multiple potential adversaries that are able to synchronize non-military and military options, up to and including nuclear forces. The use of nuclear weapons risks becoming a ‘new normal’, potentially reducing the threshold for use – to cyberattacks, for example. This has direct implications for discussions around strategic stability. While emerging technologies may offer tremendous opportunities in the modernization of nuclear weapons, they also present major risks and destabilizing challenges. Artificial intelligence, automation, and other developments in the cyber sphere affect dynamics on both the demand and supply sides of the nuclear deterrence equation. States and alliance such as NATO must adapt their deterrence thinking in light of these technological developments, and define their primary purpose and priorities in this shifting security context. Resilience planning, adaptation to the evolving security environment, threat anticipation, and consistent crisis management and incident response – as well as thinking about the mitigation measures necessary to prevent conflict escalation should deterrence fail – will all be critical in upholding nuclear deterrence as both policy and practice. Department/project International Security Programme, Deterrence Perspectives in the 21st Century Full Article
