ht 30 years apart: Daughter finds dad in Wood Green By www.bbc.co.uk Published On :: Tue, 05 Nov 2024 14:03:00 GMT Mika Ap Ellis was reunited with her dad after 30 years of being estranged. Full Article
ht Thieves are caught after stealing 35 phones By www.bbc.com Published On :: Mon, 04 Nov 2024 15:18:19 GMT Watch the moment phone thieves were caught after stealing 35 phones in south-east London. Full Article
ht Important to know! Survival Fishing: How to Catch Fish When SHTF By powderedwigsociety.com Published On :: Fri, 02 Oct 2020 00:23:06 +0000 Knowing how to fish is among the greatest assets anyone can possess when survival is on the line (pun intended) The post Important to know! Survival Fishing: How to Catch Fish When SHTF appeared first on Powdered Wig Society. Full Article uncategorized prepper survival fishing
ht “If the Democrats could fight wars as well as they execute Election Fraud, we would have obliterated all of our many enemies throughout the World, and would have nothing to worry about!” ~ Donald J. Trump By powderedwigsociety.com Published On :: Sun, 29 Aug 2021 14:34:49 +0000 Touché! .@POTUS45: "If the Democrats could fight wars as well as they execute Election Fraud, we would have obliterated all of our many enemies throughout the World, and would have nothing to worry about!" pic.twitter.com/GpMO46zrNQ — Natalie Harp (@NatalieJHarp) August […] The post “If the Democrats could fight wars as well as they execute Election Fraud, we would have obliterated all of our many enemies throughout the World, and would have nothing to worry about!” ~ Donald J. Trump appeared first on Powdered Wig Society. Full Article 2020 presidential election 2020 election fraud afghanistan donald trump
ht Bali flights cancelled due to dangerous volcanic ash By www.bbc.com Published On :: Wed, 13 Nov 2024 07:28:21 GMT Australian airlines say it is unsafe to fly after Mount Lewotobi Laki-laki spewed ash. Full Article
ht Chasing the 'Ghost' - a superstar struck down by lightning By www.bbc.com Published On :: Wed, 03 Jul 2024 23:03:58 GMT John White did the League and Cup Double, but his sudden death left his son searching for the man behind the comic-book persona. Full Article
ht WSL highlights: Man Utd held by Aston Villa By www.bbc.com Published On :: Mon, 11 Nov 2024 00:02:23 GMT Watch highlights as undefeated Manchester United are held to a 0-0 draw by Aston Villa in the WSL. Full Article
ht Sensex, Nifty50 decline for 5th straight session; now down over 9% from peak | Stock Market News - Mint By news.google.com Published On :: Wed, 13 Nov 2024 07:03:45 GMT Sensex, Nifty50 decline for 5th straight session; now down over 9% from peak | Stock Market News MintStock Market LIVE Updates: Nifty at 23,700, Sensex tanks 520 pts; auto, metal, realty major drag MoneycontrolMarkets fall, Nifty, Sensex slip nearly 1 per cent: What’s worrying investors at the moment? The Financial ExpressSensex Today | Stock Market LIVE Updates: Sensex off day's low, trades 500 pts lower; Nifty below 23,750;... The Economic TimesStock market today: Trade setup for Nifty 50 to Q2 results today; five stocks to buy or sell on Wednesday — Nov 13 Mint Full Article
ht Herschel Grynszpan And the Untold Story Of Kristallnacht By lidblog.com Published On :: Mon, 11 Nov 2024 01:33:04 +0000 By Shimshon Cook, Herut Zionist, Texas U.S. On the night of NNovember 9 1938, all across Nazi Germany, ] an organized pogrom was perpetrated against the Jewish population by Nazis in an event now known as Kristallnacht. They stretched from Germany proper and annexed Austria and Sudetenland in what was Czechoslovakia. 30,000+ Jewish men were “arrested” […] The post Herschel Grynszpan And the Untold Story Of Kristallnacht appeared first on The Lid. Full Article antisemitism Holocaust Kristallnacht Shoah
ht News24 | US bans flights to Haiti for a month as gang violence rages By www.news24.com Published On :: Wednesday Nov 13 2024 00:29:42 The United States on Tuesday banned all civilian flights to Haiti for a month, a day after a jetliner was shot at on approach to the capital and as a new prime minister took the reins of a nation ravaged by poverty and gang violence. Full Article
ht velocityconf: Free webcast w/ @jon lives http://t.co/TxL60Oagos 'Michelin Starred Cooking with Chef at Etsy' starting NOW. #velocityconf #devops By twitter.com Published On :: Tue, 14 May 2013 17:03:21 +0000 velocityconf: Free webcast w/ @jon lives http://t.co/TxL60Oagos 'Michelin Starred Cooking with Chef at Etsy' starting NOW. #velocityconf #devops Full Article
ht velocityconf: New #velocityconf speaker interview w/ @sascha_d http://t.co/zg4tzDzIlH Config Management: It's Not About the Tool By twitter.com Published On :: Wed, 15 May 2013 22:24:51 +0000 velocityconf: New #velocityconf speaker interview w/ @sascha_d http://t.co/zg4tzDzIlH Config Management: It's Not About the Tool Full Article
ht velocityconf: Help your dev + ops teams be cross-functional and more successful. http://t.co/1mqGK3zh0U Free webcast 5/22 w/ @lnxchk By twitter.com Published On :: Mon, 20 May 2013 16:58:59 +0000 velocityconf: Help your dev + ops teams be cross-functional and more successful. http://t.co/1mqGK3zh0U Free webcast 5/22 w/ @lnxchk Full Article
ht velocityconf: If you don't understand your ppl, you don't understand #Ops http://t.co/DQTBLJlWza New #velocityconf interview w/ @katemats By twitter.com Published On :: Mon, 20 May 2013 20:26:56 +0000 velocityconf: If you don't understand your ppl, you don't understand #Ops http://t.co/DQTBLJlWza New #velocityconf interview w/ @katemats Full Article
ht velocityconf: Free webcast from our friends at @citrix 5/29 http://t.co/IOeY4U0wUP Learn to consolidate 40 load balancers and ADCs into single platform By twitter.com Published On :: Tue, 21 May 2013 15:01:58 +0000 velocityconf: Free webcast from our friends at @citrix 5/29 http://t.co/IOeY4U0wUP Learn to consolidate 40 load balancers and ADCs into single platform Full Article
ht velocityconf: RT @suzaxtell: #WomeninTech You're invited to a women's meetup on Tues May 28 in SF w/ @courtneynash @mjawili, more http://t.co/MsMZ0IK8L2 By twitter.com Published On :: Tue, 21 May 2013 20:27:27 +0000 velocityconf: RT @suzaxtell: #WomeninTech You're invited to a women's meetup on Tues May 28 in SF w/ @courtneynash @mjawili, more http://t.co/MsMZ0IK8L2 Full Article
ht velocityconf: LAST DAY for #velocityconf EU call for speakers http://t.co/qShofQCDPl Share your best #WPO, #Ops, and #DevOps stories. By twitter.com Published On :: Thu, 23 May 2013 15:41:52 +0000 velocityconf: LAST DAY for #velocityconf EU call for speakers http://t.co/qShofQCDPl Share your best #WPO, #Ops, and #DevOps stories. Full Article
ht velocityconf: New #velocityconf CA program preview is up: http://t.co/rKjf91RXdD @ariyahidayat on End-to-End JS Quality Analysis. By twitter.com Published On :: Thu, 23 May 2013 17:01:13 +0000 velocityconf: New #velocityconf CA program preview is up: http://t.co/rKjf91RXdD @ariyahidayat on End-to-End JS Quality Analysis. Full Article
ht velocityconf: RT @oreillyanimals Vote Instant Wild's Digital Eyes & Ears for Wildlife Protection to win Google Global Impact Award http://t.co/Z0EetiQshZ By twitter.com Published On :: Thu, 23 May 2013 17:35:35 +0000 velocityconf: RT @oreillyanimals Vote Instant Wild's Digital Eyes & Ears for Wildlife Protection to win Google Global Impact Award http://t.co/Z0EetiQshZ Full Article
ht velocityconf: Who's up for a 5 minute lightning talk. Last day to get your #Ignite proposal in for #velocityconf CA. http://t.co/pzL0WJtQH5 By twitter.com Published On :: Wed, 29 May 2013 14:11:50 +0000 velocityconf: Who's up for a 5 minute lightning talk. Last day to get your #Ignite proposal in for #velocityconf CA. http://t.co/pzL0WJtQH5 Full Article
ht velocityconf: Call for speakers and registration is open for @webperfdays in Silicon Valley http://t.co/cJKBmynkjI June 22, Google HQ (cc @sfwebperf) By twitter.com Published On :: Wed, 29 May 2013 15:30:51 +0000 velocityconf: Call for speakers and registration is open for @webperfdays in Silicon Valley http://t.co/cJKBmynkjI June 22, Google HQ (cc @sfwebperf) Full Article
ht velocityconf: RT @allspaw: Operations and System Safety - always a student http://t.co/1VYBEZYrK8 #devops #velocityconf By twitter.com Published On :: Thu, 30 May 2013 18:43:30 +0000 velocityconf: RT @allspaw: Operations and System Safety - always a student http://t.co/1VYBEZYrK8 #devops #velocityconf Full Article
ht velocityconf: What Is the Risk That Amazon Will Go Down (Again)? http://t.co/DgnfQynjcM Thank you @bergstrom_johan for the awesome #velocityconf post. By twitter.com Published On :: Thu, 30 May 2013 19:02:44 +0000 velocityconf: What Is the Risk That Amazon Will Go Down (Again)? http://t.co/DgnfQynjcM Thank you @bergstrom_johan for the awesome #velocityconf post. Full Article
ht velocityconf: RT @OReillyAnimals Advice, please! Elephant Listening Project asks for ideas/solutions/help with 3 practical problems http://t.co/Y90YP3maoz By twitter.com Published On :: Tue, 04 Jun 2013 03:15:10 +0000 velocityconf: RT @OReillyAnimals Advice, please! Elephant Listening Project asks for ideas/solutions/help with 3 practical problems http://t.co/Y90YP3maoz Full Article
ht velocityconf: S Bay Area #WomeninTech (+ allies!) pls come to the #VelocityConf women's communities meetup on 6/19 http://t.co/xSY7jcyPXV By twitter.com Published On :: Tue, 11 Jun 2013 15:55:12 +0000 velocityconf: S Bay Area #WomeninTech (+ allies!) pls come to the #VelocityConf women's communities meetup on 6/19 http://t.co/xSY7jcyPXV Full Article
ht News24 | REVIEW | Showmax's The Station Strangler: A thoughtful exploration of a haunting true-crime mystery By www.news24.com Published On :: Wednesday Nov 13 2024 09:00:19 It was inevitable that a big streamer like Showmax would use the story of the Station Strangler for a 99-minute standalone documentary. Full Article
ht How to Fix Spotlight Search Issues on MacOS Sequoia By osxdaily.com Published On :: Mon, 11 Nov 2024 22:09:38 +0000 A fair number of Mac users have discovered that Spotlight Search is not working well in MacOS Sequoia, either missing files, apps, and sometimes not working at all to find any local file. For some users the issues with Spotlight happens right after they update to MacOS Seqouia, and for others it may happen later ... Read More Full Article Mac OS Tips & Tricks Troubleshooting Mac macOS MacOS Sequoia spotlight spotlight fix spotlight troubleshooting tips tricks
ht Learning with laughter: an interview with Kevin McCloskey By www.readingrockets.org Published On :: Fri, 18 Oct 2019 14:45 EDT Kevin McCloskey delivers fascinating information in digestible, user-friendly formats, which appeal to not only young readers but experienced ones as well. Full Article
ht Tennessee’s TCAP test scores climb for second straight year after pandemic By tn.chalkbeat.org Published On :: Mon, 03 Jul 2023 09:51:48 EDT Tennessee’s third set of test scores from the pandemic era improved again across all core subjects and grades, even exceeding pre-pandemic proficiency rates in English language arts and social studies. The academic snapshot suggests that Tennessee’s early investments in summer learning camps and intensive tutoring are paying off to counter three straight years of COVID-related disruptions. But the performance of historically underserved students — including children with disabilities, those from low-income families, and students of color — still lags. Full Article
ht New Report Highlights States that Are at the Vanguard of the Reading Revolution By www.the74million.org Published On :: Thu, 13 Jul 2023 09:33:32 EDT A new FutureEd report, The Reading Revolution: How States Are Scaling Literacy Reform, tells the story of how Mississippi, Tennessee and other states at the vanguard of the reading revolution have redesigned reading instruction and raised student achievement in thousands of public schools through bold, state-level leadership. These states have addressed every aspect of early literacy, from how teachers and prospective teachers are trained to the curriculum they use, how students are assessed and whether children are retained rather than promoted to the next grade. Full Article
ht Opinion: Why the Science of Reading Is Right for My Young Learner By www.the74million.org Published On :: Thu, 13 Jul 2023 10:35:31 EDT I’m writing this for all the parents out there: Don’t leave your child’s reading success to chance. I’m embarrassed to admit this, but I was one of those parents. Sure, my wife and I read to our son every night, and we had plenty of books, newspapers and magazines around the house. Our local public school spent a lot of time on literacy too, but I cringe now as I look back on how they did it. They taught kids to guess the meaning of unfamiliar words using pictures, the first letter or other context clues. Full Article
ht US Navy destroyers unscathed after fighting off a complex attack of cruise and ballistic missiles and exploding drones By www.businessinsider.com Published On :: Tue, 12 Nov 2024 21:02:14 +0000 The Houthis launched a complex attack consisting of anti-ship missiles and drones, a Pentagon spokesperson said Tuesday. Full Article Military & Defense navy destroyers cruise-missile ballistic-missile drones red-sea houthis gulf-of-aden
ht SaaStr Annual 2019 – Key Takeaways and Highlights By blog.avangate.com Published On :: Tue, 26 Feb 2019 00:00:00 +0000 The 2Checkout team kicked off Feb 2019 by joining over 12,000 participants in San Jose for SaaStr Annual 2019, the largest conference in the world for B2B software. The general consensus of 2Checkout team members at the end of the conference was simple and to the point: “It. Was. Amazing.” Full Article
ht PSP or MoR? How to choose the right commerce provider for your business By blog.avangate.com Published On :: Wed, 20 Mar 2019 00:00:00 +0000 Today’s buyers are getting more demanding and selling online is getting more and more complex. Both B2B and B2C customers expect a seamless purchase experience and easy access to all the information, products and services they want, on any device and in any country. Full Article
ht Differentiation Done Right: How “Walk to Read” Works By www.readingrockets.org Published On :: Fri, 14 Oct 2022 09:46:39 EDT When we’re asked to switch to explicit, systematic instruction, many teachers worry that we’ll no longer be able to tailor our teaching to the students in front of us. Calls for whole-class phonics instruction lasting 30-45 minutes, for example, summon fears that our students will be bored by concepts they already know or aren’t yet ready for. Full Article
ht Brighter Shores infinite money glitch – get cash rich with all the money you will ever need By readwrite.com Published On :: Tue, 12 Nov 2024 13:20:45 +0000 If you are the type of person that likes to spoil a game from the off then Brighter Shores is… Continue reading Brighter Shores infinite money glitch – get cash rich with all the money you will ever need The post Brighter Shores infinite money glitch – get cash rich with all the money you will ever need appeared first on ReadWrite. Full Article Gaming Brighter Shores
ht How to get the Fetid Flounder in Brighter Shores By readwrite.com Published On :: Tue, 12 Nov 2024 14:38:52 +0000 Brighter Shores brings some of those classic MMORPG quests we know and love which take you on various twists and… Continue reading How to get the Fetid Flounder in Brighter Shores The post How to get the Fetid Flounder in Brighter Shores appeared first on ReadWrite. Full Article Gaming Brighter Shores
ht All console commands for Brighter Shores By readwrite.com Published On :: Tue, 12 Nov 2024 16:42:38 +0000 If you have ever accidentally hit that key below the escape key during a game and a large, scary text… Continue reading All console commands for Brighter Shores The post All console commands for Brighter Shores appeared first on ReadWrite. Full Article Gaming Brighter Shores
ht Brighter Shores Bank system explained and how to access By readwrite.com Published On :: Tue, 12 Nov 2024 17:21:29 +0000 Since Brighter Shores is a game made by the original co-creator of Runescape, there are many comparisons between the two… Continue reading Brighter Shores Bank system explained and how to access The post Brighter Shores Bank system explained and how to access appeared first on ReadWrite. Full Article Gaming Brighter Shores
ht AI artist appeals denial of copyright protection By boingboing.net Published On :: Wed, 02 Oct 2024 16:09:58 +0000 Jason M. Allen's "Theatre D'Opera Spatial" won an art competition at the 2022 Colorado State Fair, but the work was subsequently denied copyright protection due to his use of AI software to generate it and his unwillingness to disclaim that contribution to the whole. — Read the rest The post AI artist appeals denial of copyright protection appeared first on Boing Boing. Full Article Post ai art copyright slop slopcore aesthetic
ht Unhinged Liberal Women Cry On Social Media Over Trump’s Victory And Falsely Claim They’ve Lost All Their Rights By conservativefiringline.com Published On :: Sun, 10 Nov 2024 04:15:48 +0000 The following article, Unhinged Liberal Women Cry On Social Media Over Trump’s Victory And Falsely Claim They’ve Lost All Their Rights, was first published on Conservative Firing Line. (Natural News) Liberals have been working hard to portray Trump as a misogynist, and it worked on a lot of women – with some of them buying into the false narrative that he will work against women so wholeheartedly that they are now having very public meltdowns over his victory. Revolver put together some of the … Continue reading Unhinged Liberal Women Cry On Social Media Over Trump’s Victory And Falsely Claim They’ve Lost All Their Rights ... Full Article Politics democrats election liberals rights Trump unhinged victory women
ht Major Ruling In CNN Defamation Fight With James O’Keefe (Video) By conservativefiringline.com Published On :: Tue, 12 Nov 2024 18:15:00 +0000 The following article, Major Ruling In CNN Defamation Fight With James O’Keefe (Video), was first published on Conservative Firing Line. A federal appeals court has ruled against CNN in its attempt to have dismissed a defamation complaint from James O’Keefe and Project Veritas. O’Keefe launched Project Veritas and worked years with the organization, doing undercover interviews to uncover political scandals. He later left and now works with O’Keefe Media Group. But the dispute arose during … Continue reading Major Ruling In CNN Defamation Fight With James O’Keefe (Video) ... Full Article Politics CNN defamation lawsuit O'Keefe Veritas
ht Campaign Door-Knocker Caught Going Full Racist On Camera — Guess Which Party? By clashdaily.com Published On :: Mon, 04 Nov 2024 10:00:22 +0000 For years, the Dems and their media enablers have complained about the 'divisive' nature of politics, and invariably laid blame on the 'other' party. The post Campaign Door-Knocker Caught Going Full Racist On Camera — Guess Which Party? appeared first on Clash Daily. Full Article News Clash
ht The RIGHT Rally: On Election Night, MAGA Takes Moment To Honor God Beautifully By clashdaily.com Published On :: Thu, 07 Nov 2024 06:45:37 +0000 There are a few moments in this race that historians will wrangle over as the 'real' reason Kamala lost. There are a couple of key events that are sure to make the list. The post The RIGHT Rally: On Election Night, MAGA Takes Moment To Honor God Beautifully appeared first on Clash Daily. Full Article Videos
ht A.F. Branco Cartoon – Closing Thoughts By comicallyincorrect.com Published On :: Sun, 10 Nov 2024 11:00:32 +0000 A.F. Branco Cartoon – Gov. Tim Walz lost his own Blue Earth County in Minnesota. Trump also flipped three other.. Full Article Political Cartoons
ht HTML over the wire By signalvnoise.com Published On :: Wed, 23 Dec 2020 13:34:04 +0000 You can write fast, modern, responsive web applications by generating your HTML on the server, and delivering that (with a little help) directly to the browser. You don’t need JSON as an in-between format. You don’t need client-side MVC frameworks. You don’t need complicated bundling and transpiling pipelines. But you do need to think different.… keep reading Full Article Uncategorized
ht Sport | Khanyiso Tshwaku | Markram's T20 run drought no laughing matter as leadership crown weighs heavy By www.news24.com Published On :: Tuesday Nov 12 2024 12:33:48 As captain, Aiden Markram is allowed a long rope from a wonky form perspective, but how long can that rope be as the run river continues to shrivel, asks Khanyiso Tshwaku. Full Article
ht A novel method produces native light-harvesting complex II aggregates from the photosynthetic membrane revealing their role in nonphotochemical quenching [Bioenergetics] By www.jbc.org Published On :: 2020-12-18T00:06:18-08:00 Nonphotochemical quenching (NPQ) is a mechanism of regulating light harvesting that protects the photosynthetic apparatus from photodamage by dissipating excess absorbed excitation energy as heat. In higher plants, the major light-harvesting antenna complex (LHCII) of photosystem (PS) II is directly involved in NPQ. The aggregation of LHCII is proposed to be involved in quenching. However, the lack of success in isolating native LHCII aggregates has limited the direct interrogation of this process. The isolation of LHCII in its native state from thylakoid membranes has been problematic because of the use of detergent, which tends to dissociate loosely bound proteins, and the abundance of pigment–protein complexes (e.g. PSI and PSII) embedded in the photosynthetic membrane, which hinders the preparation of aggregated LHCII. Here, we used a novel purification method employing detergent and amphipols to entrap LHCII in its natural states. To enrich the photosynthetic membrane with the major LHCII, we used Arabidopsis thaliana plants lacking the PSII minor antenna complexes (NoM), treated with lincomycin to inhibit the synthesis of PSI and PSII core proteins. Using sucrose density gradients, we succeeded in isolating the trimeric and aggregated forms of LHCII antenna. Violaxanthin- and zeaxanthin-enriched complexes were investigated in dark-adapted, NPQ, and dark recovery states. Zeaxanthin-enriched antenna complexes showed the greatest amount of aggregated LHCII. Notably, the amount of aggregated LHCII decreased upon relaxation of NPQ. Employing this novel preparative method, we obtained a direct evidence for the role of in vivo LHCII aggregation in NPQ. Full Article
ht Russia–China defence and security relations: Insights from the expert community By www.chathamhouse.org Published On :: Wed, 31 Aug 2022 13:22:13 +0000 Russia–China defence and security relations: Insights from the expert community 13 September 2022 — 3:00PM TO 4:00PM Anonymous (not verified) 31 August 2022 Online Experts share insights on Russia–China military, defence, and security relations. In the defence and security realms, Russia–China relations resemble more pragmatic cooperation based on shared, calculated interests than an alliance. This event presents and discusses key findings from a recent expert survey conducted by Chatham House with the aim to gather insights on Russia–China military, defence, and security relations. Survey responses helped identify areas of bilateral cooperation but also crucial friction points and obstacles that prevent the relationship from developing further, as well as policy pathways for the West. Full Article
ht China’s high-stakes incursion in the heights of Bhutan By www.chathamhouse.org Published On :: Wed, 28 Sep 2022 11:18:27 +0000 China’s high-stakes incursion in the heights of Bhutan The World Today mhiggins.drupal 28 September 2022 Why is Beijing establishing settlements over the Bhutanese border? To undermine India’s strategic security, say John Pollock and Damien Symon. A confrontation is fomenting on the roof of the world in a country that rarely warrants international attention. In the tiny Kingdom of Bhutan, China is building villages in isolated, mountainous regions, upping the pressure on the capital Thimphu to yield contested areas to Beijing. In doing so, China risks a collision with South Asia’s largest state and Bhutan’s principal security guarantor, India. Sitting on top of fragile geopolitical fault lines in the Himalayas, China’s Central Military Commission has seemingly authorized a series of incursions into the Bhutanese regions of Doklam, Jakarlung, and Pasamlung. Beijing has also announced fresh claims in the east towards Sakteng. Taken together, these amount to 12 per cent of Bhutan’s total territory according to Nathan Ruser, an analyst at the Australian Strategic Policy Institute. India is wary of Beijing’s increased assertiveness in the Himalayas following a large-scale incursion by the Chinese People’s Liberation Army (PLA) into Ladakh two years ago when dozens of Indian and Chinese soldiers were killed in a stand-off. The appearance of Chinese roads, villages and a host of other infrastructure projects within largely uninhabited areas of Bhutan close to Tibet, have, for sections of India’s national security establishment, confirmed their worst fears – Beijing is altering the status quo across the Himalayas in a bid to undermine India’s strategic security through territorial alterations. As a country of only 780,000 people, Bhutan is greatly influenced by New Delhi when it comes to its foreign affairs. In exchange, India guarantees the defence of the kingdom and trains the Royal Bhutanese Army. The appearance of Chinese villages on its territory risks Bhutan becoming a victim of the wider regional tensions. The trauma of China-Bhutan border relations Bhutan is no stranger to the territorial aspirations of its northern neighbour. Thousands of refugees fled into the country after China annexed Tibet, damaging longstanding cultural and religious links between the Tibetan and Bhutanese people – a trauma still being felt today. Now, Beijing is laying claim to three areas within Bhutan, including Doklam in the west. This plateau is close to the Siliguri Corridor which connects to the ‘Seven Sister’ states in northeast India. Indeed, such is India’s concern over any Chinese presence near Doklam that in 2017 local Indian commanders sent troops into Bhutan to prevent PLA engineers building a road near the Doka La pass, resulting in a 72-day stand-off on Bhutanese soil between India and China, an experience Thimphu is unwilling to repeat. Once again, China is looking to force the border issue unilaterally, altering the status quo and building villages and outposts on Bhutanese soil. On the available evidence, it has been doing so for at least three years. The presence of Chinese villages in uninhabited areas of Bhutan serves a strategic purpose. They appear to be intended to pressure Bhutan into accepting an earlier version of a border deal that concedes Doklam to the Chinese. Bhutan’s increasing concern is that China now views the Sino-Bhutanese border dispute as a way of unravelling India’s strategic position by stealth. Here we see a growing pattern of behaviour across the Himalayas. China is testing the boundaries in isolated and contested areas of India to attain local advantages that ensure New Delhi’s gaze remains fixed on the Himalayas. The costly choice facing Bhutan Bhutan for its part has very deliberately opted to remain silent, despite clear violations of its border deal with Beijing. Thimphu has made no public comment on any of the Chinese incursions. The choice now facing Bhutan is a costly one. To concede Doklam would devastate relations with India, its closest partner. But to ignore China’s ambitions would be to risk further violations of its sovereign territory. Bhutan may yet agree in principle to a land swap but then delay its implementation in the hope China limits any further advances. Thus Bhutan, India and China stand at a crossroads, with an impending confrontation that has not yet arrived and one that through Thimphu’s delicate diplomacy, Bhutan hopes never does. China’s incursions into Bhutan — Key to map: 1 - Pangda; 2 - Dramana and Shakhatoe; 3 - Menchuma Valley. Areas of incursion are circled; the red shaded areas are disputed. The star is the capital Thimphu, and the international airport lies to the west. 1. Pangda — Aerial image of Pangda, a village of some 124 people established by China which sits 2km over the border with Bhutan. Image: Maxar (March 2022). The most high-profile incursion is in the disputed areas in Doklam. Running adjacent to the previous Doka La stand-off site, a series of Chinese projects are visible, following the Amo Chu River that runs from the Chumbi Valley in Tibet into Bhutan. The most well-known of these xiaokang – meaning peaceful and prosperous – border projects is Pangda, a village of 124 people that sits roughly two kilometres within Bhutan from the border. First spotted by open-source intelligence analysts in October-November 2020, Chinese state media says that 27 households were moved from the Shangdui village to Pangda in September of that year and that the village is located in Yadong County, Tibet. Pangda, however, lies on territory internationally recognized as belonging to Bhutan. Since Pangda was first identified, two more villages and an additional excavation site have been noted through satellite photographs taken in March this year, steadily following the river further into Bhutanese territory. In recent reporting by journalist Vishnu Som, a connecting road is also visible that runs 9km into Bhutan. Given the geopolitical sensitivities of the area vis-a-vis India, speculation points to Chinese attempts to increase pressure on the Jampheri ridge overlooking the 2017 stand-off site, which according to journalist Tenzing Lamsang, is currently occupied by a small Royal Bhutanese Army detachment. As ever in the Himalayas, small tactical alterations have strategic implications. Chinese control of the Jampheri ridge would command views towards Sikkim, increase the scope of China’s surveillance operations near the border and place India’s Eastern Theatre Command at a terrain disadvantage were it to intervene as it did at Doka La. 2. Dramana and Shakhatoe — Aerial image showing one of several villages recently built by China in the Dramana and Shakhatoe region of Bhutan. The Chinese military is said to be patrolling this area aggressively. Image: Maxar (2022). Further north of Doklam, at Dramana and Shakhatoe, more villages have been identified, with recent photographs taken in November 2021 showing a collection of structures nestled between snow-capped mountains. Varying in size, the largest village identified by journalist Devjyot Ghoshal comprises more than 84 buildings with construction having been started in December 2020 and seemingly completed by December 2021. Little is known about the nature of these villages or their occupants other than their size and location. However, the Chinese PLA has patrolled these areas aggressively, warning away Bhutanese herders and challenging counter patrols by the Royal Bhutanese Army. A permanent PLA presence in the area would be a significant change to the status quo. Informed speculation suggests that these may house either civilian contractors brought in from Tibet to oversee construction projects in the area, Tibetan or Chinese citizens brought across the border, or they could even be barracks for the PLA to help facilitate increased patrols in these contested areas. 3. Menchuma Valley — Aerial image of one of several Chinese-built settlements in and around Menchuma Valley in Bhutan; the area is home to holy sites important to both Bhutanese and Tibetan culture. Image: PlanetLabs (2022). Amid the sustained activity in the west of Bhutan, we are seeing similar levels of activity mirrored in the northern contested areas in Jakarlung, Pasumlung and the Menchuma Valley, a well-known entry point into Tibet for Bhutanese pilgrims. In May 2021, a team of researchers led by Robert Barnett from the London School of Oriental and African Studies discovered three additional villages in these contested areas, alongside a series of infrastructure projects, sitting between 3km and 5km south of the Chinese border in Bhutan. Barnett identified what appears to be police and military posts near these villages, as well as a communications tower. While the building efforts at Doklam are seen as having a geopolitical intent towards India, these villages and their locations are seemingly aimed to maximize China’s leverage over Bhutan. They are considered sacred in Tibetan Buddhist teachings as the birthplace of ancient Himalayan cultural heroes, with strong links to the Bhutanese royal family. Today they are the home to holy sites and temples, such as the Singye Dzong. For China to intrude on this area, and in some cases even deny entry to parts of it, is suppression of Bhutanese history, culture and traditions. By design or by default, Beijing is managing Tibetan religion and culture beyond the borders of the Tibetan Administrative Region. Full Article