Vizag gas leak: LG Polymers issues official statement, says doing our...

‘TDP president politicising the gas leak tragedy’

Researchers use cryo-EM to show how the drug stops RNA replication

Visakhapatnam gas leak: LG Polymers apologises, offers ‘every support’ to affected

The asymmetric unit of the title MOF, [Zn5(C14H5NO10S2)2(OH)2(H2O)10]n comprises three ZnII atoms, one of which is located on a centre of inversion, a tetra-negative carboxyl­ate ligand, one μ3-hydroxide and five water mol­ecules, each of which is coordinated. The ZnII atom, lying on a centre of inversion, is coordinated by trans sulfoxide-O atoms and four water mol­ecules in an octa­hedral geometry. Another ZnII atom is coordinated by two carboxyl­ate-O atoms, one hy­droxy-O, one sulfoxide-O and a water-O atom to define a distorted trigonal–bipyramidal geometry; a close Zn⋯O(carboxyl­ate) inter­action derived from an asymmetrically coordinating ligand (Zn—O = 1.95 and 3.07 Å) suggests a 5 + 1 coordination geometry. The third ZnII atom is coordinated in an octa­hedral fashion by two hy­droxy-O atoms, one carboxyl­ate-O, one sulfoxide-O and two water-O atoms, the latter being mutually cis. In all, the carboxyl­ate ligand binds six ZnII ions leading to a three-dimensional architecture. In the crystal, all acidic donors form hydrogen bonds to oxygen acceptors to contribute to the stability of the three-dimensional architecture.

The reaction of ligand 5,7-di­hydro-1H,3H-dithieno[3,4-b:3',4'-e]pyrazine (L) with CuI lead to the formation of a three-dimensional coordination polymer, incorporating the well known [CuxIx]n staircase motif (x = 4). These polymer [Cu4I4]n chains are linked via the N and S atoms of the ligand to form the three-dimensional coordination polymer poly[(μ4-5,7-di­hydro-1H,3H-dithieno[3,4-b:3',4'-e]pyrazine-κ4N:N':S:S')tetra-μ3-iodido-tetra­copper], [Cu4I4(C8H8N2S2)]n (I). The asymmetric unit is composed of half a ligand mol­ecule, with the pyrazine ring located about a center of symmetry, and two independent copper(I) atoms and two independent I− ions forming the staircase motif via centers of inversion symmetry. The framework is consolidated by C—H⋯I hydrogen bonds.

The reaction of ligand 3,4,8,10,11,13-hexa­hydro-1H,6H-bis­([1,4]di­thio­cino)[6,7-b:6',7'-e]pyrazine (L) with CuI led to the formation of a two-dimensional coordination polymer, incorporating a [Cu2I2] motif. These units are linked via the four S atoms of the ligand to form the title two-dimensional coordination poly­mer, poly[[μ4-3,4,8,10,11,13-hexa­hydro-1H,6H-bis­([1,4]di­thio­cino)[6,7-b:6',7'-e]pyrazine]di-μ-iodido-dicopper(I)], [Cu2I2(C12H16N2S4)]n, (I). The asymmetric unit is composed of a ligand mol­ecule, two copper(I) atoms and two I− ions. Both copper(I) atoms are fourfold S2I2 coordinate with almost regular trigonal-pyramidal environments. In the crystal, the layers, lying parallel to (102), are linked by C—H⋯I hydrogen bonds, forming a supra­molecular framework.

The solvated centrosymmmtric title compound, [Li2(C24H34O4P)2(C10H8N2)2]·2C7H8, was formed in the reaction between {Li[(2,6-iPr2C6H3-O)2POO](MeOH)3}(MeOH) and 2,2'-bi­pyridine (bipy) in toluene. The structure has monoclinic (P21/n) symmetry at 120 K and the asymmetric unit consists of half a complex mol­ecule and one mol­ecule of toluene solvent. The diaryl phosphate ligand demonstrates a μ-κO:κO'-bridging coordination mode and the 2,2'-bi­pyridine ligand is chelating to the Li+ cation, generating a distorted tetra­hedral LiN2O2 coordination polyhedron. The complex exhibits a unique dimeric Li2O4P2 core. One isopropyl group is disordered over two orientations in a 0.621 (4):0.379 (4) ratio. In the crystal, weak C—H⋯O and C—H⋯π inter­actions help to consolidate the packing. Catalytic systems based on the title complex and on the closely related complex {Li[(2,6-iPr2C6H3-O)2POO](MeOH)3}(MeOH) display activity in the ring-opening polymerization of ∊-caprolactone and l-dilactide.

Reductive cyclization of 1,3,5-triphenyl- and 3-(2-meth­oxy­phen­yl)-1,5-di­phenyl­pentane-1,5-diones by zinc in acetic acid medium leads to the formation of 1,2,4-tri­phenyl­cyclo­pentane-1,2-diol [1,2,4-Ph3C5H5-1,2-(OH)2, C23H22O2, (I)] and 4-(2-meth­oxy­phen­yl)-1,2-di­phenyl­cyclo­pentane-1,2-diol [4-(2-MeOC6H4)-1,2-Ph2C5H5-1,2-(OH)2, C24H24O3, (II)]. Their single crystals have been obtained by crystallization from a THF/hexane solvent mixture. Diols (I) and (II) crystallize in ortho­rhom­bic (Pbca) and triclinic (Poverline{1}) space groups, respectively, at 150 K. Their asymmetric units comprise one [in the case of (I)] and three [in the case of (II)] crystallographically independent mol­ecules of the achiral (1R,2S,4r)-diol isomer. Each hydroxyl group is involved in one intra­molecular and one inter­molecular O—H⋯O hydrogen bond, forming one-dimensional chains. Compounds (I) and (II) have been used successfully as precatalyst activators for the ring-opening polymerization of ∊-caprolactone.

A one-dimensional ladder-type coordination polymer, poly[[(μ2-hydroxido)(μ2-1H-pyrazole-3,5-di­carboxyl­ato)gallium(III)] monohydrate], [Ga(C5H2N2O4)(OH)(H2O)]n or [Ga(HPDC)(OH)(H2O)]n, I, isotypic with a V3+ coordination polymer previously reported by Chen et al. [J. Coord. Chem. (2008). 61, 3556–3567] was prepared from Ga3+ and pyrazole-3,5-di­carb­oxy­lic acid monohydrate (H3PDC·H2O). Compound I was isolated using three distinct experimental methods: hydro­thermal (HT), microwave-assisted (MWAS) and one-pot (OP) and the crystallite size should be fine-tuned according to the method employed. The coordination polymeric structure is based on a dimeric Ga3+ moiety comprising two μ2-bridging hydroxide groups, which are inter­connected by HPDC2− anionic organic linkers. The close packing of individual polymers is strongly directed by the supra­molecular inter­actions, namely several O—H⋯O and N—H⋯O hydrogen-bonding inter­actions.

A zinc metal–organic framework, namely poly[bis­(N,N-di­ethyl­formamide)(μ4-naphthalene-2,6-di­carboxyl­ato)(μ2-naphthalene-2,6-di­carboxyl­ato)dizinc(II)], [Zn(C12H6O4)(C15H11NO)]n, built from windmill-type secondary building units and forming zigzag shaped two-dimensional stacked layers, has been solvothermally synthesized from naphthalene-2,6-di­carb­oxy­lic acid and zinc(II) acetate as the metal source in N,N-di­ethyl­formamide containing small amounts of formic acid.

The polymeric title compound, [Cu2(C2H3N)2(C3H6S2)2](PF6)2, represents an example of a one-dimensional coordination polymer resulting from the reaction of [Cu(MeCN)4][PF6] with 1,3-di­thiol­ane. The cationic one-dimensional ribbon consists of two copper(I) centers each ligated by one aceto­nitrile mol­ecule and inter­connected through two bridging 1,3-di­thiol­ane ligands. One S-donor site of each ligand is κ1-bound to Cu, whereas the second S atom acts as a four-electron donor, bridging two Cu atoms in a κ4-bonding mode. The positive charge of each copper cation is compensated for by a hexa­fluorido­phosphate counter-ion. In the crystal, the polymer chains are linked by a series of C—H⋯F hydrogen bonds, forming a supra­molecular framework. The crystal studied was refined as a two-component twin.

The asymmetric units of the title compounds, namely, catena-poly[[(1,4,8,11-tetra­aza­cyclo­tetra­decane-κ4N1,N4,N8,N11)nickel(II)]-μ-1,3-bis­(3-carboxyl­ato­prop­yl)tetra­methyl­disiloxane-κ2O:O'], [Ni(C10H24O5Si2)(C12H24N4)]n (I), and catena-poly[[[(1,4,8,11-tetra­aza­cyclo­tetra­decane-κ4N1,N4,N8,N11)nickel(II)]-μ-4-({[(3-carb­oxy­prop­yl)di­methyl­sil­yl]­oxy}di­methyl­sil­yl)butano­ato-κ2O:O'] per­chlorate], {[Ni(C10H25O5Si2)(C12H24N4)]ClO4}n (II), consist of one (in I) or two crystallographically non-equivalent (in II) centrosymmetric macrocyclic cations and one centrosymmetric dianion (in I) or two centrosymmetric monoanions (in II). In each compound, the metal ion is coordinated by the four secondary N atoms of the macrocyclic ligand, which adopts the most energetically stable trans-III conformation, and the mutually trans O atoms of the carboxyl­ate in a slightly tetra­gonally distorted trans-NiN4O2 octa­hedral coordination geometry. The crystals of both types of compounds are composed of parallel polymeric chains of the macrocyclic cations linked by the anions of the acid running along the [101] and [110] directions in I and II, respectively. In I, each polymeric chain is linked to four neighbouring ones by hydrogen bonding between the NH groups of the macrocycle and the carboxyl­ate O atoms, thus forming a three-dimensional supra­molecular network. In II, each polymeric chain contacts with only two neighbours, forming hydrogen bonds between the partially protonated carb­oxy­lic groups of the bridging ligand. As a result, a lamellar structure is formed with the layers oriented parallel to the (1overline{1}1) plane.

A one-dimensional nickel(II) coordination polymer with the mixed ligands 6-fluoro­nicotinate (6-Fnic) and 4,4'-bi­pyridine (4,4'-bpy), namely, catena-poly[[di­aqua­bis­(6-fluoro­pyridine-3-carboxyl­ato-κO)nickel(II)]-μ-4,4'-bi­pyri­dine-κ2N:N'] trihydrate], {[Ni(6-Fnic)2(4,4'-bpy)(H2O)2]·3H2O}n, (1), was prepared by the reaction of nickel(II) sulfate hepta­hydrate, 6-fluoro­nicotinic acid (C6H4FNO2) and 4,4'-bi­pyridine (C10H8N2) in a mixture of water and ethanol. The nickel(II) ion in 1 is octa­hedrally coordinated by the O atoms of two water mol­ecules, two O atoms from O-monodentate 6-fluoro­nicotinate ligands and two N atoms from bridging 4,4'-bi­pyridine ligands, forming a trans isomer. The bridging 4,4'-bi­pyridine ligands connect symmetry-related nickel(II) ions into infinite one-dimensional polymeric chains running in the [1overline{1}0] direction. In the extended structure of 1, the polymeric chains and lattice water mol­ecules are connected into a three-dimensional hydrogen-bonded network via strong O—H⋯O and O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds, leading to the formation of distinct hydrogen-bond ring motifs: octa­meric R88(24) and hexa­meric R86(16) loops.

The two new pyrazine­ophanes, 5,7-di­hydro-1H,3H-dithieno[3,4-b:3',4'-e]pyrazine, C8H8N2S2, L1, and 3,4,8,10,11,13-hexa­hydro-1H,6H-bis­([1,4]di­thio­cino)[6,7-b:6',7'-e]pyrazine, C12H16N2S4, L2, both crystallize with half a mol­ecule in the asymmetric unit; the whole mol­ecules are generated by inversion symmetry. The mol­ecule of L1, which is planar (r.m.s. deviation = 0.008 Å), consists of two sulfur atoms linked by a rigid tetra-2,3,5,6-methyl­ene­pyrazine unit, forming planar five-membered rings. The mol­ecule of L2 is step-shaped and consists of two S–CH2–CH2–S chains linked by the central rigid tetra-2,3,5,6-methyl­ene­pyrazine unit, forming eight-membered rings that have twist-boat-chair con­fig­urations. In the crystals of both compounds, there are no significant inter­molecular inter­actions present. The reaction of L1 with silver nitrate leads to the formation of a two-dimensional coordination polymer, poly[(μ-5,7-di­hydro-1H,3H-dithieno[3,4-b;3',4'-e]pyrazine-κ2S:S')(μ-nitrato-κ2O:O')silver(I)], [Ag(NO3)(C8H8N2S2)]n, (I), with the nitrato anion bridging two equivalent silver atoms. The central pyrazine ring is situated about an inversion center and the silver atom lies on a twofold rotation axis that bis­ects the nitrato anion. The silver atom has a fourfold AgO2S2 coordination sphere with a distorted shape. The reaction of L2 with silver nitrate also leads to the formation of a two-dimensional coordination polymer, poly[[μ33,4,8,10,11,13-hexa­hydro-1H,6H-bis­([1,4]di­thio­cino)[6,7-b;6',7'-e]pyrazine-κ3S:S':S''](nitrato-κO)silver(I)], [Ag(NO3)(C12H16N2S4)]n, (II), with the nitrate anion coordinating in a monodentate manner to the silver atom. The silver atom has a fourfold AgOS3 coordination sphere with a distorted shape. In the crystals of both complexes, the networks are linked by C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming supra­molecular frameworks. There are additional C—H⋯S contacts present in the supra­molecular framework of II.

A 6-chloro­nicotinate (6-Clnic) salt of a one-dimensional cationic nickel(II) coordination polymer with 4,4'-bi­pyridine (4,4'-bpy), namely, catena-poly[[[tetra­aqua­nickel(II)]-μ-4,4'-bi­pyridine-κ2N:N'] bis­(6-chloro­nicotinate) tetra­hydrate], {[Ni(C10H8N2)(H2O)4](C6H3ClNO2)2·4H2O}n or {[Ni(4,4'-bpy)(H2O)4](6-Clnic)2·4H2O}n, (1), was prepared by the reaction of nickel(II) sulfate hepta­hydrate, 6-chloro­nicotinic acid and 4,4'-bi­pyridine in a mixture of water and ethanol. The mol­ecular structure of 1 comprises a one-dimensional polymeric {[Ni(4,4'-bpy)(H2O)4]2+}n cation, two 6-chloro­nicotinate anions and four water mol­ecules of crystallization per repeating polymeric unit. The nickel(II) ion in the polymeric cation is octa­hedrally coordinated by four water mol­ecule O atoms and by two 4,4'-bi­pyridine N atoms in the trans position. The 4,4'-bi­pyridine ligands act as bridges and, thus, connect the symmetry-related nickel(II) ions into an infinite one-dimensional polymeric chain extending along the b-axis direction. In the extended structure of 1, the polymeric chains of {[Ni(4,4'-bpy)(H2O)4]2+}n, the 6-chloro­nicotinate anions and the water mol­ecules of crystallization are assembled into an infinite three-dimensional hydrogen-bonded network via strong O—H⋯O and O—H⋯N hydrogen bonds, leading to the formation of the representative hydrogen-bonded ring motifs: tetra­meric R24(8) and R44(10) loops, a dimeric R22(8) loop and a penta­meric R45(16) loop.

As is well known, polymers commonly form lamellar crystals, and these assemble further into lamellar stacks and spherulites during quiescent crystallization. Fifty years ago, Vonk and Kortleve constructed the classical small-angle X-ray scattering theory (SAXS) for a lamellar system, in which it was assumed that the lamellar stack had an infinite lateral size [Vonk & Kortleve (1967), Kolloid Z. Z. Polym. 220, 19–24]. Under this assumption, only crystal planes satisfying the Bragg condition can form strong scattering, and the scattering from the lamellar stack arises from the difference between the scattering intensities in the amorphous and crystalline layers, induced by the incident X-ray beam. This assumption is now deemed unreasonable. In a real polymer spherulite, the lamellar crystal commonly has dimensions of only a few hundred nanometres. At such a limited lateral size, lamellar stacks in a broad orientation have similar scattering, so interference between these lamellar stacks must be considered. Scattering from lamellar stacks parallel to the incident X-ray beam also needs to be considered when total reflection occurs. In this study, various scattering contributions from lamellar stacks in a spherulite are determined. It is found that, for a limited lateral size, the scattering induced by the incident X-ray beam is not the main origin of SAXS. It forms double peaks, which are not observed in real scattering because of destructive interference between the lamellar stacks. The scattering induced by the evanescent wave is the main origin. It can form a similar interference pattern to that observed in a real SAXS measurement: a Guinier region in the small-q range, a signal region in the intermediate-q range and a Porod region in the high-q range. It is estimated that, to avoid destructive interference, the lateral size needs to be greater than 11 µm, which cannot be satisfied in a real lamellar system. Therefore, SAXS in a real polymer system arises largely from the scattering induced by the evanescent wave. Evidence for the existence of the evanescent wave was identified in the scattering of isotactic polypropyl­ene. This study corrects a long-term misunderstanding of SAXS in a polymer lamellar system.

By using small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) reinforced by scanning electron microscopy, the fine structure of catalysts for polymer electrolyte fuel cells has been investigated. The experimental data resulting from contrast variation with mixed light and heavy water (H2O/D2O) are well described by a core–shell model with fluctuations in concentration between water and Nafion.

Tara L. Mastro, Vishnu P. Tripathi, and Susan L. Forsburg

Translesion synthesis polymerases (TLSPs) are non-essential error-prone enzymes that ensure cell survival by facilitating DNA replication in the presence of DNA damage. In addition to their role in bypassing lesions, TLSPs have been implicated in meiotic double strand break repair in several systems. Here we examine the joint contribution of four TLS polymerases to meiotic progression in the fission yeast S. pombe. We observed the dramatic loss of spore viability in fission yeast lacking all four TLSPs which is accompanied by disruptions in chromosome segregation during meiosis I and II. Rec8 cohesin dynamics are altered in the absence of the TLSPs. These data suggest that the TLSPs contribute to multiple aspects of meiotic chromosome dynamics.

The study, published today in Nature Microbiology, holds promise for a new treatment method against antibiotic-resistant bacteria (commonly known as superbugs).

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Soil stabilisation and the process of strengthening the physical properties of soil is fundamental to the construction process of infrastructure such as roads, runways and earth dams. Many chemical additives currently used in soil stabilisation are associated with adverse environmental effects and this study examines the use of biopolymers, such as xanthan gum and guar gum, as more sustainable alternatives. The researchers have run a series of laboratory experiments to evaluate the viability of these two types of biopolymers for use as additives for collapsible soil stabilisation, and found that both could be used in place of conventional additives to improve soil strength, permeability and collapse potential.

Chemists at Colorado State University think they've found a polymer that's similar to plastic and can be easily manufactured and recycled.

The unit of South Korean chemical giant LG Chem said it is committed to working closely with the concerned authorities to investigate the cause of the incident, prevent recurrence in future and secure the foundation for care and treatment. The firm said a special task force has been set up to help victims and families to resolve any issues.

Vizag gas leak tragedy: Tension at LG Polymers plant as villagers protest demanding its closure

A nonmetallic compound having an ionic bond with a halide ion is used as a catalyst for living radical polymerization. Even if a radical initiator is not used, a monomer can be subjected to a radical polymerization to obtain a polymer having narrow molecular weight distribution. The cost of the living radical polymerization can be remarkably reduced, and it is made possible to prevent adverse effects of using a radical initiator (such as side reactions). The present invention is significantly more environmentally friendly and economically excellent than conventional living radical polymerization methods, due to advantages such as low toxicity of the catalyst, low amount of the catalyst necessary, high solubility of the catalyst, mild reaction conditions, and no coloration/no odor, etc. The catalyst can be applied to various monomers and enables synthesis of high molecular weight polymers.

Provided are an anti-static and anti-microbial surface treatment agent including a quaternary ammonium salt compound as an active ingredient and a method of preventing a polymer fiber from developing static electricity by using the surface treatment agent. The quaternary ammonium salt compound has excellent anti-static and anti-microbial effects for the prevention or improvement of static electricity in a polymer fiber. Accordingly, the quaternary ammonium salt compound is suitable for use as a fabric softener, or an anti-static agent, and also, provides anti-microbial effects to a polymer fiber.

A process of making a polymeric phenazonium compound having the general formula: wherein R1, R2, R4, R5, R6, R8, and R9 are the same or different, and represent hydrogen, a low alkyl or a substituted aryl, R3 starts with NH2 and is diazotized followed by a polymerization, R5 and R8 may alternatively represent monomeric or polymeric phenazonium radicals, R7 is a carbon in the aromatic ring, Rx and Ry represent any combination of CH3, C2H5, and hydrogen, except that Rx and Ry cannot both be hydrogen, A is an acid radical, and n is an integer from 2 to 100, preferably from 2 to 20 is described. The polymeric phenazonium compound is usable as an additive in a metal plating bath comprising copper. The method includes the steps of a) dissolving an effective amount of an amino compound in a formic acid solution; b) adding a nitrite salt to diazotize the amino compound; and c) adding sulfamic acid to neutralize any excess nitrous acid that may be formed in step b), whereby a polymeric phenazonium compound is produced with a smaller quantity of unreacted monomer remaining in the end product than those produced using methods of the prior art.

Disclosed are oil-extended olefin block copolymer compositions with precipitated silica. The precipitated silica reduces oil-bleed while maintaining composition softness.

The invention relates to a polymer product obtained by polymerization of i) at least one monomer selected from N-vinylformamide and vinyl acetate, andii) maleic anhydrideto give a copolymer comprising N-vinylformamide and/or vinyl acetate and maleic anhydride followed by hydrolyzing formamide groups originating from N-vinylformamide to amino groups and/or acetate groups originating from vinyl acetate to hydroxyl groups and acid anhydride to dicarboxylic acid groups to give a water-soluble copolymer comprising amine and/or hydroxyl and carboxyl groups, wherein the molar ratio of the N-vinylformamide and/or vinyl acetate monomer to the maleic anhydride monomer is from 70:30 to 30:70. The polymer product can be used as a dispersing agent or as a scale inhibiting agent.

Injection molded articles and process of forming the same are described herein. The processes generally include providing a polyolefin including one or more propylene heterophasic copolymers, the polyolefin having an ethylene content of at least 10 wt. % based on the total weight of the polyolefin; contacting the polyolefin with a polylactic acid and a reactive modifier to form a compatiblized polymeric blend, wherein the reactive modifier is produced by contacting a polypropylene, a multifunctional acrylate comonomer, and an initiator under conditions suitable for the formation of a glycidyl methacrylate grafted polypropylene (PP-g-GMA) having a grafting yield in a range from 1 wt. % to 15 wt. %; and injection molding the compatibilized polymeric blend into an article.

Disclosed are oil-extended olefin block copolymer compositions with microcrystalline wax. The microcrystalline wax reduces oil-bleed while maintaining composition softness.

A 1,3-diketoamide functional monomer represented by the following formula (1): wherein R and Y are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, an alkyl group having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group having from 6 to 20 carbon atoms, and an aralkyl group having from 7 to 20 carbon atoms; and wherein X and Z are independently selected from the group consisting of an alkyl group having from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, an aryl group having from 6 to 20 carbon atoms, and an aralkyl group having from 7 to 20 carbon atoms. Also disclosed are emulsion, suspension, and solution polymers comprising residues from the 1,3-diketoamide functional monomer of formula 1 and, optionally, one or more additional ethylenically unsaturated monomers. Both latex and self-curing coating compositions described herein exhibit excellent hydrolytic stability, including increased retention of 1,3-diketo functionality.

An aqueous dispersion includes particles at least partially encapsulated in a microgel where the microgel is prepared from a hyperbranched acrylic polymer. In addition, a method for making an aqueous dispersion includes: (1) mixing in an aqueous medium: (a) particles, (b) at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer, and (c) a water-dispersible hyperbranched acrylic polymer having ethylenic unsaturation; and (2) polymerizing the at least one ethylenically unsaturated monomer and water-dispersible hyperbranched acrylic polymer having ethylenic unsaturation to at least partially encapsulate the particles in a microgel.

The present invention is directed at a binder for a battery electrode comprising an ethylene oxide-containing copolymer including a first monomer of ethylene oxide (EO) and at least one additional monomer selected from an alkylene-oxide that is different from the first monomer of EO, an alkyl glycidyl ether, or a combination thereof; wherein the ethylene oxide-containing copolymer has a weight average molecular weight less than about 200,000 g/mole (e.g., from about 10,000 to about 100,000), the molar fraction of the first monomer of EO (XEo) in the ethylene oxide-containing copolymer is greater than 0.80 (e.g., from about 0.80 to about 0.995), and the ethylene oxide-containing copolymer has a peak melting temperature (Tp), in ° C., for a selected XEO in the range of about 0.80 to about 0.995, which is below a maximum value of Tpmax, at the selected XEO, which is calculated using the equation Tpmax=(60−150 (1−XEO)).

Non water-soluble polymers with a comb structure and a (meth)acrylic skeleton on which are grafted side chains containing at least one hydrophobic monomer of the styrene or (meth)acrylic ester type on C1 to C4, and at least one hydroxy or methoxy polylakylene glycol monomer. The levels of monomers are such that the polymer is amphiphilic because it is both rich in hydrophobic monomer and polylakylene glycol monomer. These products, used in paper coating dispersions, enable an increase in their Brookfield™ viscosity, a reduction in their ACAV viscosity, and an improvement in their water retention, which makes them particularly well suited for dry extract and/or high deposit speed coatings.

This invention relates to a process for polymerizing ethylene comprising contacting ethylene and optional comonomers with a catalyst system comprising an activator and a transition metal compound represented by the formula: ##STR1## Wherein R1 and R2 are independently hydrogen or a group having up to 100 carbon atoms, Cp1 is a bulky ligand; Cp2 is a bulky ligand or a heteroatom optionally bound to a C1 to C50 hydrocarbyl group, n is the valence state of the transition metal, Tm is a Group 3 to 10 metal, and each X is independently an anionic leaving group.

Metallocene compounds having two fluorenyl ligands bridged with a single silicon or germanium atom, said atom having two substituent groups containing a total of at least four carbon atoms, are useful as catalyst components for the polymerization of olefins. Particularly, it is possible to prepare high molecular weight atactic polypropylene with improved yields with respect to the known catalysts.

Metal complexes useful as components of addition polymerization catalysts are prepared by oxidizing Group 4 or Lanthanide metal containing complexes using an organic halide oxidizing agent in a unique one electron oxidation.

A metallocene compound is provided wherein to a transition metal compound is bonded a multidentate compound wherein a substituted cycloalkadienyl ring CA1 having therein a heteroaromatic group Ra containing an oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen atom on a cycloalkadienyl ring, preferably the five-membered ring thereof, and an unsubstituted or substituted cycloalkadienyl group CA2 or --(R1)N--, --O--, --S-- or --(R1)P--, preferably CA2, more preferably a substituted cycloalkadienyl group identical with CA1 are bonded through a divalent linking group. The metallocene compound is suitable as a principal ingredient of a catalyst for the polymerization of olefins, particularly achieving a very high effect in making the molecular weight of a polypropylene higher.

Methods for the addition polymerization of cycloolefins using a cationic Group 10 metal complex and a weakly coordinating anion of the formula: [(R')zM(L')x(L″)y]b[WCA]dwherein [(R')zM(L')x(L″)y] is a cation complex where M represents a Group 10 transition metal; R' represents an anionic hydrocarbyl containing ligand; L' represents a Group 15 neutral electron donor ligand; L″ represents a labile neutral electron donor ligand; x is 1 or 2; and y is 0, 1, 2, or 3; and z is 0 or 1, wherein the sum of x, y, and z is 4; and [WCA] represents a weakly coordinating counteranion complex; and b and d are numbers representing the number of times the cation complex and weakly coordinating counteranion complex are taken to balance the electronic charge on the overall catalyst complex.

Disclosed are a ferrocene-containing conductive polymer, an organic memory device using the conductive polymer and a method for fabricating the organic memory device. The conductive polymer may include a fluorenyl repeating unit, a thienyl repeating unit and a diarylferrocenyl repeating unit. The organic memory device may possess the advantages of rapid switching time, decreased operating voltage, decreased fabrication costs and increased reliability. Based on these advantages, the organic memory device may be used as a highly integrated, large-capacity memory device.

A flame retardant suitable for manufacturing a polymer composition is provided. The polymer composition is used for forming a cured film in which a balance among flame retardancy, adhesion, chemical resistance, heat resistance, and elasticity, and so on, is provided. A flame-retardant polymer composition with an excellent balance among the above properties is also provided. The flame retardant of the invention has a structure of Formula (1), (2), or (3): (in which, R1 is hydrogen or methyl, R2 is C2-20 alkylene or C2-20 alkylene in which any —CH2— is replaced by —O—, R3 and R4 are C1-20 alkyl, phenyl, and phenyl substituted by C1-5 alkyl or phenyl, R3 and R4 may also be an integrally-formed cyclic group, and p and q are 0 or 1).

Provided is a method of producing an α-olefin polymer including a step of polymerizing one or more kinds of α-olefins each having 6 to 20 carbon atoms with a catalyst obtained by using a specific transition metal compound. By the method, an α-olefin polymer having a viscosity suitable for use in a lubricating oil can be produced on an industrial scale with ease, and further, the characteristics of the product can be widely changed through the control of reaction conditions.

Disclosed is a process for biomass conversion which includes co-processing the biomass with thermoplastic and non-thermoplastic polymer based materials in a catalytic pyrolysis reactor to convert such to liquid hydrocarbons; wherein hydrogen atoms originating with the polymer materials can remove oxygen from oxygenated hydrocarbons produced in the conversion of the biomass in the reactor.

The present invention relates to epoxy group-terminated polymers of the formula (I). Said epoxy group-terminated polymers are suited extremely well as impact resistance modifiers, particularly in epoxy resin compositions. They are particularly suited for use in heat-curing epoxy resin adhesives. It has been found that such epoxy resin compositions not only have excellent mechanical properties and high glass transition temperatures, but also above all improved impact resistance properties, both at room temperature and at low temperatures.

The invention is directed to a matting and/or frosting additive concentrate for polymers or polymer blends, said additive comprising to 75% by weight of hollow glass microspheres and 20 to 95% by weight of a liquid or waxy carrier material and optionally up to 75% by weight of additives.