Overcoming poor market depth and liquidity is crucial for Asia's capital markets to grow and remain attractive to investors. A coordinated approach addressing regulatory frameworks, market infrastructure, and risk management is essential for building resilient, diverse, and efficient markets.

Inclusive sports can empower women with disabilities, and foster accessibility, social integration, and gender equality in the Pacific. Recent Paralympic milestones and policy examples illustrate the ongoing need for supportive infrastructures and greater representation to create equitable opportunities in sports.

These charts illustrate that despite the broader adoption of disaster risk reduction strategies, escalating greenhouse gas emissions and intensified disaster impacts underscore the urgent need for more robust climate action and support across the region.

Asia and the Pacific is central to global climate change efforts, but robust capital markets are needed to mobilize private climate finance. Sustainable finance frameworks, transition finance, and carbon markets can build deeper markets that empower climate action.

Research on ICT and capacity building for poverty reduction, focusing on lessons learned from a distant learning course in microfinance.

A suspect who was allegedly involved in the 2023 blast at Peshawar Police Lines mosque, that claimed 84 lives, was arrested a day earlier and has been identified as police constable Muhammad Wali, the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Inspector General of Police (IG) Akhtar Hayat Khan Gandapur revealed in a press briefing on Tuesday.

On Jan 30, 2023, a powerful explosion ripped through a mosque in Peshawar’s Red Zone area where between 300 and 400 people — mostly police officers — had gathered for prayers.

The banned Tehreek-i-Taliban Pakistan (TTP) had claimed responsibility for the attack. It later distanced itself from the blast but sources earlier indicated that it might have been the handiwork of some local faction of the outlawed group.

Addressing the press conference in Peshawar today, IG Gandapur said the “remaining missing link” was related to who had facilitated Qari, the alleged suicide bomber.

“As a result of that effort, […] we arrested this person along with two suicide jackets from near Jameel Chowk on Peshawar’s Ring Road on 11/11, meaning yesterday,” the IG stated, referring to the facilitator.

“Based on the interrogation, it was deduced that the facilitator was our own policeman,” who he identified as Muhammad Wali.

“The suspect operated in line with the order of the banned organisation Jamaatul Ahrar and has received Rs200,000 through the hundi-hawala system,” KP IG said, adding that the policeman also received Rs40,000 to Rs50,000 from the banned group per month.

“He received Rs200,000 which cost the lives of hundreds of people who were martyred. He sold his [own] brothers for this,” the IG added.

The top cop further revealed that the suspect dropped off the suicide bomber at the Pir Zakori bridge.

“After the blast occurred, he contacted his handler named Junaid and informed him about the success of the operation via Telegram,” he stated.

While the police already knew that Jamaatul Ahrar was involved in the blast, the suspect was the “missing link” who acted as a local facilitator.

The police inspector general said that Muhammad Wali was also involved in other incidents.

In Feb 2024, the suspect handed a pistol to a person from Jamaatul Ahrar named Saifullah in Lahore to target a member of the Ahmadiyya community, the KP IG said.

He targeted a priest at Peshawar’s Jameel Chowk in Jan 2022, he added.

According to Gandapur, social media played a key role in such incidents, adding that “Fitna al Khawarij and other extremist organisations use social media to brainwash and radicalise people”.

In July, the government, through an official notification, designated the TTP as Fitna al Khawarij, while mandating all institutions to use the term khariji (outcast) when referring to the perpetrators of terrorist attacks on Pakistan.

Then-KP IG Moazzam Jah Ansari had said in February last year that the suicide bomber was “clad in a police uniform”. He had said that technical evidence and information collected suggested that the blast was the work of TTP’s Jamaatul Ahrar faction.

In March 2023, the KP Counter-Terrorism Department (CTD) said the mastermind and the handler of the suicide bomber had been traced, stating that both of them were Afghan nationals.

Then-CTD chief Shaukat Abbas said the suicide bomber was identified only by his alias “Qari” and his handler was identified as Ghaffar aka Salma. He had further confirmed that the attack was carried out by Jamaatul Ahrar.

This brochure outlines how nature is being rapidly degraded and shows how ADB-designed nature-based solutions (NBS) can help protect vulnerable communities and ecosystems to make countries in Asia and the Pacific more climate resilient.

Gender-lens investing (GLI) represents an opportunity to channel targeted funds to women’s businesses and other gender equality areas.

This paper explores how oil price windfalls impact labor market regulation across 83 countries from 1970 to 2014.

The technical assistance (TA), which will be approved with the proposed Integrated Water Resources Management Project, will help the Ministry of Water Resources and Meteorology: (i) implement one of the activities of output 2 (para 6), (ii) inform rice farmers about and train them to implement innovative climate mitigative water management technology, and (iii) disseminate this innovative AWD technology to the entire country. The TA project's demonstration activities are expected to reduce emissions by 11,750 tons of carbon dioxide equivalent.

This report examines the progress of trade facilitation in Asia and the Pacific, highlights recent trends in paperless trade, and evaluates the impact of trade facilitation initiatives on trade costs and overall trade.

This brief shows how India sparked a digital payments boom and boosted financial inclusion through the introduction of its Unified Payments Interface (UPI) and outlines ways countries in the region can ramp up their own digital transformation.

This report emphasizes that open and fair trade is essential for Asia and the Pacific’s transition to low-carbon economies and outlines the important role of Aid for Trade in this transition.

This publication provides updated statistics on a comprehensive set of economic, financial, social, and environmental measures as well as select indicators for the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

The TA will provide implementation support to a series of ongoing and ensuing projects. It's objective will be to strengthen the quality of implementation of ongoing projects. The focus will be on procurement, contract management, DPP/TAPP approvals, project design and management.

The proposed program is a large-scale transformative and integrated initiative addressing the constraints. It aims to bridge the financing, capacity, institutional, and technical gaps in implementing the NAP and adaptation measures mentioned in the NDC and GRID while promoting mitigation, biodiversity, air pollution, and food security as co-benefits.

Colossal, a US firm that is aiming to revive lost species such as the woolly mammoth, says it now has a near-complete genome of the extinct thylacine

Global warming means many of the world’s ancient rivers of ice will be gone within decades, threatening ecosystems that rely on their meltwater, a looming crisis that photographer Edward Burtynsky highlights in his work

Title: Scientists Pinpoint Source of Mercury in Pacific Ocean Fish
Category: Health News
Created: 8/26/2013 9:35:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/26/2013 12:00:00 AM

Title: Statins vs. Niacin
Category: Medications
Created: 10/6/2017 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 6/14/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: GERD (Acid Reflux) in Infants and Children
Category: Diseases and Conditions
Created: 1/31/2005 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/18/2022 12:00:00 AM

Background:

Certain health-related risk factors require legal interventions. Medical-legal partnerships (MLPs) are collaborations between clinics and lawyers that address these health-harming legal needs (HHLNs) and have been shown to improve health and reduce utilization.

Objective:

The objective of this study is to explore the impact, barriers, and facilitators of MLP implementation in primary care clinics.

Methods:

A qualitative design using a semistructured interview assessed the perceived impact, barriers, and facilitators of an MLP, among clinicians, clinic and MLP staff, and clinic patients. Open AI software (otter.ai) was used to transcribe interviews, and NVivo was used to code the data. Braun & Clarke’s framework was used to identify themes and subthemes.

Results:

Sixteen (n = 16) participants were included in this study. Most respondents were women (81%) and white (56%). Four respondents were clinic staff, and 4 were MLP staff while 8 were clinic patients. Several primary themes emerged including: Patients experienced legal issues that were pernicious, pervasive, and complex; through trusting relationships, the MLP was able to improve health and resolve legal issues, for some; mistrust, communication gaps, and inconsistent staffing limited the impact of the MLP; and, the MLP identified coordination and communication strategies to enhance trust and amplify its impact.

Conclusion:

HHLNs can have a significant, negative impact on the physical and mental health of patients. Respondents perceived that MLPs improved health and resolved these needs, for some. Despite perceived successes, integration between the clinical and legal organizations was elusive.

Sterol 12α-hydroxylase (CYP8B1) is the unique P450 enzyme with sterol 12-oxidation activity, playing an exclusive role in 12α-hydroxylating intermediates along the bile acid (BA) synthesis pathway. Despite the long history of BA metabolism studies, it is unclear whether CYP8B1 catalyzes 12α-hydroxylation of C₂₇ BAs, the key intermediates shuttling between mitochondria and peroxisomes. This work provides robust in vitro evidence that both microsomal and recombinant CYP8B1 enzymes catalyze the 12α-hydroxylation of dihydroxycoprostanic acid (DHCA) into trihydroxycoprostanic acid (THCA). On the one hand, DHCA 12α-hydroxylation reactivity is conservatively detected in liver microsomes of both human and preclinical animals. The reactivity of human tissue fractions conforms well with the selectivity of CYP8B1 mRNA expression, while the contribution of P450 enzymes other than CYP8B1 is excluded by reaction phenotyping in commercial recombinant enzymes. On the other hand, we prepared functional recombinant human CYP8B1 proteins according to a recently published protocol. Titration of the purified CYP8B1 proteins with either C4 (7α-hydroxy-4-cholesten-3-one) or DHCA yields expected blue shifts of the heme Soret peak (type I binding). The recombinant CYP8B1 proteins efficiently catalyze 12α-hydroxylation of both DHCA and C4, with substrate concentration occupying half of the binding sites of 3.0 and 1.9 μM and k_cat of 3.2 and 2.6 minutes^–1, respectively. In summary, the confirmed role of CYP8B1 in 12α-hydroxylation of C₂₇ BAs has furnished the forgotten passageway in the BA synthesis pathway. The present finding might have opened a new window to consider the biology of CYP8B1 in glucolipid metabolism and to evaluate CYP8B1 inhibition as a therapeutic approach of crucial interest for metabolic diseases.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT

The academic community has spent approximately 90 years interpreting the synthesis of bile acids. However, the 12α-hydroxylation of intermediates catalyzed by CYP8B1 is not completely mapped on the classic pathway, particularly for the C₂₇ bile acids, the pivotal intermediates shuttling between mitochondria and peroxisomes. This work discloses the forgotten 12α-hydroxylation pathway from dihydroxycoprostanic acid into trihydroxycoprostanic acid. The present finding may facilitate evaluating CYP8B1 inhibition as a therapeutic approach of crucial interest for metabolic diseases.

The -aminobutyric acid type A (GABA_A) receptor is modulated by a number of neuroactive steroids. Sulfated steroids and 3β-hydroxy steroids inhibit, while 3α-hydroxy steroids typically potentiate the receptor. Here, we have investigated inhibition of the α1β32L GABA_A receptor by the endogenous neurosteroid 3α-hydroxy-5β-pregnan-20-one (3α5βP) and the synthetic neuroactive steroid 3α-hydroxy-5α-androstane-17β-carbonitrile (ACN). The receptors were expressed in Xenopus oocytes. All experiments were done using two-electrode voltage-clamp electrophysiology. In the presence of low concentrations of GABA, 3α5βP and ACN potentiate the GABA_A receptor. To reveal inhibition, we conducted the experiments on receptors activated by the combination of a saturating concentration of GABA and propofol to fully activate the receptors and mask potentiation, or on mutant receptors in which potentiation is ablated. Under these conditions, both steroids inhibited the receptor with IC₅₀s of ~13 μM and maximal inhibitory effects of 70–90%. Receptor inhibition by 3α5βP was sensitive to substitution of the α1 transmembrane domain (TM) 2-2' residue, previously shown to ablate inhibition by pregnenolone sulfate. However, results of coapplication studies and the apparent lack of state dependence suggest that pregnenolone sulfate and 3α5βP inhibit the GABA_A receptor independently and through distinct mechanisms. Mutations to the neurosteroid binding sites in the α1 and β3 subunits statistically significantly, albeit weakly and incompletely, reduced inhibition by 3α5βP and ACN.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT

The heteromeric GABA_A receptor is inhibited by sulfated steroids and 3β-hydroxy steroids, while 3α-hydroxy steroids are considered to potentiate the receptor. We show here that 3α-hydroxy steroids have inhibitory effects on the α1β32L receptor, which are observed in specific experimental settings and are expected to manifest under different physiological conditions.

Aberrant type 2 inflammatory responses are the underlying cause of the pathophysiology of allergic asthma, allergic rhinitis, and other atopic diseases, with an alarming prevalence in relevant parts of the Western world. A bulk of evidence points out the important role of the DP2 receptor in these inflammation processes. A screening of different polyunsaturated fatty acids at a fluorescence resonance energy transfer–based DP2 receptor conformation sensor expressed in human embryonic kidney (HEK) cells revealed an agonistic effect of the prostaglandin (PG)-D₂ precursor arachidonic acid on DP2 receptor activity of about 80% of the effect induced by PGD₂. In a combination of experiments at the conformation sensor and using a bioluminescence resonance energy transfer–based G protein activation sensor expressed together with DP2 receptor wild type in HEK cells, we found that arachidonic acid acts as a direct activator of the DP2 receptor, but not the DP1 receptor, in a concentration range considered physiologically relevant. Pharmacological inhibition of cyclooxygenases and lipoxygenases as well as cytochrome P450 did not lead to a diminished arachidonic acid response on the DP2 receptor, confirming a direct action of arachidonic acid on the receptor.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT

This study identified the prostaglandin precursor arachidonic acid to directly activate the DP2 receptor, a G protein–coupled receptor that is known to play an important role in type 2 inflammation.

ABSTRACTTraining health workers is one of the biggest challenges and cost drivers when introducing a new contraceptive method or service delivery innovation. PATH developed a digital training curriculum for family planning providers who are learning to offer subcutaneous DMPA (DMPA-SC), including through self-injection, as an option among a range of contraceptive methods. The DMPA-SC eLearning course for health workers includes 10 lessons with an emphasis on informed choice counseling and training clients to self-inject. In partnership with Ministries of Health in Senegal and Uganda, the course was rolled out in select areas in 2019–2020, including during the COVID-19 pandemic when physical distancing requirements restricted in-person training. We conducted evaluations in both countries to assess the practical application of this digital training approach for contraceptive introduction. The evaluation consisted of a post-training survey, an observational assessment conducted during post-training supportive supervision, and an estimation of training costs.In both countries, a majority (88.6% in Uganda and 64.3% in Senegal) scored above 80% on a DMPA-SC knowledge test following the training. In Senegal, where there was a comparison group of providers trained in person, those providers scored similar on the post-test to eLearners. Providers in both groups and in both countries felt more prepared to administer DMPA-SC or offer self-injection to clients after receiving a supervision visit (93%–98% of eLearners felt very prepared after supervision as compared to 45%–72% prior). The evaluation results suggest that digital approaches offer a number of benefits, can be cost-effective, and are most optimal when blended with in-person training and/or supportive supervision.

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Nigeria has the highest number of children who have not received any vaccines in Africa. The training-of-trainers (TOT) model used to train program managers (PMs) and health care workers (HCWs) is ineffective for adult learning and limits immunization programs’ success. We incorporated adult learning principles (ALPs) in designing and delivering TOT for immunization PMs and HCWs to use data to engage communities for tailored immunization strategies.Methods: Our study was implemented in 3 local government areas (LGAs) of the Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria. A training curriculum was developed, integrating ALPs and technical and operational content based on best practices in delivering immunization training and the training needs assessment findings. State PMs (n=10), LGA PMs (n=30), and HCWs (n=42) were trained on the human-centered design for tailoring immunization programs (HCD-TIP) approaches using ALPs. We used interviews and surveys with purposively and conveniently sampled PMs and HCWs, respectively, and observations to assess participants’ satisfaction, knowledge and competence, behavior changes, and results. The interviews were analyzed thematically, and surveys were statistically.Results: There was a high level of satisfaction with the training among LGA PMs (100%), state PMs (91%), and HCWs (85%), with significant knowledge and competence improvements post-training (P<.001). The trained participants conducted 2 HCD sessions with 24 undervaccinated communities and co-designed 24 prototype solutions for testing. Results showed increased coverage of the pentavalent vaccine first dose (54%) and third dose (188%) across 12 participating communities. Improved community colaboration, communication skills, and data-driven approaches were the most cited behavior changes in practice.Conclusion: The application of ALPs in training, use of HCD-TIP approaches and tools, and supportive supervision enhanced PMs’ and HCWs’ capacity for tailored interventions. Countries should consider adopting a holistic approach that focuses on using these approaches in immunization programs to strengthen the health system for equitable vaccine coverage.

Although acute inflammation serves essential functions in maintaining tissue homeostasis, chronic inflammation is causally linked to many diseases. Macrophages are a major cell type that orchestrates inflammatory processes. During inflammation, macrophages undergo polarization and activation, thereby mobilizing pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory transcriptional programs that regulate ensuing macrophage functions. Fatty acid binding protein 5 (FABP5) is a lipid chaperone highly expressed in macrophages. FABP5 deletion is implicated in driving macrophages toward an anti-inflammatory phenotype, yet signaling pathways regulated by macrophage-FABP5 have not been systematically profiled. We leveraged proteomic and phosphoproteomic approaches to characterize pathways modulated by FABP5 in M1 and M2 polarized bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs). Stable isotope labeling by amino acids-based analysis of M1 and M2 polarized wild-type and FABP5 knockout BMDMs revealed numerous differentially regulated proteins and phosphoproteins. FABP5 deletion impacted downstream pathways associated with inflammation, cytokine production, oxidative stress, and kinase activity. Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) emerged as a novel target of FABP5 and pharmacological FABP5 inhibition blunted TLR2-mediated activation of downstream pathways, ascribing a novel role for FABP5 in TLR2 signaling. This study represents a comprehensive characterization of the impact of FABP5 deletion on the proteomic and phosphoproteomic landscape of M1 and M2 polarized BMDMs. Loss of FABP5 altered pathways implicated in inflammatory responses, macrophage function, and TLR2 signaling. This work provides a foundation for future studies seeking to investigate the therapeutic potential of FABP5 inhibition in pathophysiological states resulting from dysregulated inflammatory signaling.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT

This research offers a comprehensive analysis of fatty acid binding protein 5 (FABP5) in macrophages during inflammatory response. The authors employed quantitative proteomic and phosphoproteomic approaches to investigate this utilizing bone marrow-derived macrophages that were M1 and M2 polarized using lipopolysaccharide with interferon and interleukin-4, respectively. This revealed multiple pathways related to inflammation that were differentially regulated due to the absence of FABP5. These findings underscore the potential therapeutic significance of macrophage-FABP5 as a candidate for addressing inflammatory-related diseases.

Bile acids are the end products of cholesterol catabolism. Hepatic bile acid synthesis accounts for a major fraction of daily cholesterol turnover in humans. Biliary secretion of bile acids generates bile flow and facilitates biliary secretion of lipids, endogenous metabolites, and xenobiotics. In intestine, bile acids facilitate the digestion and absorption of dietary lipids and fat-soluble vitamins. Through activation of nuclear receptors and G protein-coupled receptors and interaction with gut microbiome, bile acids critically regulate host metabolism and innate and adaptive immunity and are involved in the pathogenesis of cholestasis, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, alcohol-associated liver disease, type-2 diabetes, and inflammatory bowel diseases. Bile acids and their derivatives have been developed as potential therapeutic agents for treating chronic metabolic and inflammatory liver diseases and gastrointestinal disorders.

Significance Statement

Bile acids facilitate biliary cholesterol solubilization and dietary lipid absorption, regulate host metabolism and immunity, and modulate gut microbiome. Targeting bile acid metabolism and signaling holds promise for treating metabolic and inflammatory diseases.

Inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor type 1 (ITPR1) is an endoplasmic reticulum–bound intracellular inositol triphosphate receptor involved in the regulation of intracellular calcium. Pathogenic variants in ITPR1 are associated with spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) types 15/16 and 29 and have recently been implicated in a facial microsomia syndrome. In this report, we present a family with three affected individuals found to have a heterozygous missense c.800C > T (predicted p.Thr267Met) who present clinically with a SCA29-like syndrome. All three individuals presented with varying degrees of ataxia, developmental delay, and apparent intellectual disability, as well as craniofacial involvement—an uncommon finding in patients with SCA29. The variant was identified using clinical exome sequencing and validated with Sanger sequencing. It is presumed to be inherited via parental germline mosaicism. We present our findings to provide additional evidence for germline mosaic inheritance of SCA29, as well as to expand the clinical phenotype of the syndrome.

BackgroundThere has been significant investment in pharmacists working in UK general practice to improve the effective and safe use of medicines. However, evidence of how to optimise collaboration between GPs and pharmacists in the context of polypharmacy (multiple medication) is lacking.AimTo explore GP and pharmacist views and experiences of in-person, interprofessional collaborative discussions (IPCDs) as part of a complex intervention to optimise medication use for patients with polypharmacy in general practice.Design and settingA mixed-method process evaluation embedded within the Improving Medicines use in People with Polypharmacy in Primary Care (IMPPP) trial conducted in Bristol and the West Midlands, between February 2021 and September 2023.MethodAudio-recordings of IPCDs between GPs and pharmacists, along with individual semi-structured interviews to explore their reflections on these discussions, were used. All recordings were transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically.ResultsA total of 14 practices took part in the process evaluation from February 2022 to September 2023; 17 IPCD meetings were audio-recorded, discussing 30 patients (range 1–6 patients per meeting). In all, six GPs and 13 pharmacists were interviewed. The IPCD was highly valued by GPs and pharmacists who described benefits, including: strengthening their working relationship; gaining in confidence to manage more complex patients; and learning from each other. It was often challenging, however, to find time for the IPCDs.ConclusionThe model of IPCD used in this study provided protected time for GPs and pharmacists to work together to deliver whole-patient care, with both professions finding this beneficial. Protected time for interprofessional liaison and collaboration, and structured interventions may facilitate improved patient care.

A national review of social work in Scotland has been launched in a bid to address ‘systemic racism’ within the sector.

A film about a campaign to ban greyhound racing in Scotland has won an animal welfare award at a ceremony in London.

The ‘Scream Queens’ actor revealed her white co-star made a ‘weighted’ reference to Martin Luther King

A VOLATILE year for our superannuation savings looks likely to end in positive territory as long as global markets don’t crash this week.

Donald Trump a indiqué mardi qu’il comptait nommer Elon Musk à la tête d’un ministère nouvellement créé de l’«efficacité gouvernementale»

An internal report on workplace racism and harassment at the highest levels of the federal public service shows that not even the federal government’s top executives are immune from the problem.

This week, I’m rerunning some popular posts while we put the finishing touches on DCI’s new 2024-25 Economic Report on Pharmaceutical Wholesalers and Specialty Distributors.

Last week, the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) released the redacted version of administrative complaint against the three largest pharmacy benefit managers (PBMs). The FTC rightly calls out how the gross-to-net bubble can raise patients’ out-of-pocket costs, while also acknowledging how rebates can reduce a plan's (but not the patient’s) costs. Apparently, the FTC believes that PBMs’ customers are pretty dumb, because PBMs are able to prevent plans from “appreciating” such healthcare financing dynamics.

Section V.E. of the complaint (starting on page 23) focuses on the PBMs’ alleged unlawful conduct related to preferring high-list/high-rebate insulin products over versions with lower list prices. I thought it would therefore be fun to take the Wayback Machine to November 2021, when I wrote about this specific topic.

Below, you can review my commentary about the warped incentives behind Viatris’ dual-pricing strategy for its interchangeable biosimilar of Lantus. Much of the FTC’s description of the drug channel aligns with my commentary. But before you fist pump too hard for Ms. Khan’s FTC, you should pause to reflect on the agency’s legal theories in light of plans’ revealed preferences.

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The Food & Drug Administration (FDA) recently approved the first interchangeable biosimilar insulin product: the insulin glargine-yfgn injection from Viatris. Read the FDA’s press release.

Alas, I’m sad to report that the warped incentives baked into the U.S. drug channel will limit the impact of this impressive breakthrough.

Viatris is being forced to launch both a high-priced and a low-priced version of the biosimilar. However, only the high-list/high-rebate, branded version will be available on Express Scripts’ largest commercial formulary. Express Scripts will block both the branded reference product and the lower-priced, unbranded—but also interchangeable—version. Meanwhile, Prime Therapeutics will place both versions on its formularies, leaving the choice up to its plan sponsor clients.

Consequently, many commercial payers will adopt the more expensive product instead of the identical—but cheaper—version. As usual, patients will be the ultimate victims of our current drug pricing system.

Below, I explain the weird economics behind this decision, highlight the negative impact on patients, and speculate on what this all could mean for biosimilars’ future. Until plan sponsors break their addiction to rebates, today’s U.S. drug channel problems will remain.
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As regular readers of Drug Channels know, U.S. distribution and dispensing channels for prescription drugs are undergoing significant evolution and consolidation as the changing economics of pharmaceuticals challenge conventional business models.

During this period of volatility, the core business model of the Big Three public pharmaceutical distribution companies—Cardinal Health, Cencora, and McKesson—remains intact. Put simply: Buy low, sell high, collect early, and pay late.

But as I explain below, wholesalers continue to position themselves as essential intermediaries by expanding their industry position and strengthening their economic fundamentals.

Read on for five key pricing, pharmacy, provider, and manufacturer trends that are driving the U.S. drug wholesaling industry.

For even more, check out DCI's new 2024-25 Economic Report on Pharmaceutical Wholesalers and Specialty Distributors, the fifteenth edition of our deep dive into wholesale distribution channels.Click here to download a free report overview (including key industry trends, the table of contents, and a list of exhibits)
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The U.S. Food and Drug Administration posted a video:

Quizás sepa que la FDA es responsable de aprobar los medicamentos nuevos, como medicamentos de receta, genéricos, biosimilares y de venta libre, y de garantizar que esos medicamentos sean seguros, de alta calidad y funcionen como se supone que deben hacerlo. Pero nuestro trabajo no termina ahí. Continuamos monitoreando la seguridad y calidad de los medicamentos aprobados en los años venideros. Aprenda más sobre nuestro papel en la regulación de estos medicamentos.

Para obtener más información sobre el papel de la FDA en la regulación y la aprobación de medicamentos, visite nuestro sitio web en www.fda.gov/drugs/information-consumers-and-patients-drug...

Vea esta serie de tres partes: www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL0AE2C851E6968546

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration posted a video:

¿Qué son los biosimilares? Los biosimilares son un tipo de medicamento que se usa para tratar una variedad de afecciones, como enfermedades crónicas de la piel y los intestinos, artritis, diabetes, afecciones renales, degeneración macular y algunos tipos de cáncer. Un biosimilar es un tipo de medicamento biológico. La mayoría de los medicamentos biológicos se elaboran usando fuentes vivas, como células animales, bacterias o levaduras. Debido a que en su mayoría provienen de fuentes vivas, todos los tipos de productos biológicos tienen diferencias menores que ocurren naturalmente entre los lotes de producción. Así como los medicamentos de marca tienen versiones genéricas, los biológicos originales pueden tener biosimilares. La cuidadosa revisión de datos, estudios y pruebas por parte de la FDA ayuda a garantizar que los productos biosimilares brinden los mismos beneficios de tratamiento que el producto biológico original aprobado por la FDA. Los biosimilares pueden brindarle más acceso a tratamientos importantes y también pueden ahorrarle dinero, dependiendo de su cobertura de seguro. Se han aprobado muchos biosimilares diferentes y se esperan aún más. Para obtener más información, visite www.fda.gov/biosimilars

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration posted a video:

Quizás sepa que la FDA es responsable de aprobar los medicamentos nuevos, como medicamentos de receta, genéricos, biosimilares y de venta libre, y de garantizar que esos medicamentos sean seguros, de alta calidad y funcionen como se supone que deben hacerlo. Pero nuestro trabajo no termina ahí. Continuamos monitoreando la seguridad y calidad de los medicamentos aprobados en los años venideros. Aprenda más sobre nuestro papel en la regulación de estos medicamentos.

Para obtener más información sobre el papel de la FDA en la regulación y la aprobación de medicamentos, visite nuestro sitio web en www.fda.gov/drugs/information-consumers-and-patients-drug...

The government implied wholesalers had more personal protective equipment in stock than was the case during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Healthcare Distribution Association has said.

Community pharmacies will receive an estimated 12 referrals from the Discharge Medicines Service per year.

Around half of Wales’ community pharmacies have expressed interest to health boards in providing COVID-19 vaccinations as part of the national programme.

Pharmacy negotiators have discussed proposals to take “a patient registration-based approach” to the community pharmacy contractual framework.