Understanding the evolution of chromatin conformation among species is fundamental to elucidate the architecture and plasticity of genomes. Nonrandom interactions of linearly distant loci regulate gene function in species-specific patterns, affecting genome function, evolution, and, ultimately, speciation. Yet, data from nonmodel organisms are scarce. To capture the macroevolutionary diversity of vertebrate chromatin conformation, here we generate de novo genome assemblies for two cryptodiran (hidden-neck) turtles via Illumina sequencing, chromosome conformation capture, and RNA-seq: Apalone spinifera (ZZ/ZW, 2n = 66) and Staurotypus triporcatus (XX/XY, 2n = 54). We detected differences in the three-dimensional (3D) chromatin structure in turtles compared to other amniotes beyond the fusion/fission events detected in the linear genomes. Namely, whole-genome comparisons revealed distinct trends of chromosome rearrangements in turtles: (1) a low rate of genome reshuffling in Apalone (Trionychidae) whose karyotype is highly conserved when compared to chicken (likely ancestral for turtles), and (2) a moderate rate of fusions/fissions in Staurotypus (Kinosternidae) and Trachemys scripta (Emydidae). Furthermore, we identified a chromosome folding pattern that enables "centromere–telomere interactions" previously undetected in turtles. The combined turtle pattern of "centromere–telomere interactions" (discovered here) plus "centromere clustering" (previously reported in sauropsids) is novel for amniotes and it counters previous hypotheses about amniote 3D chromatin structure. We hypothesize that the divergent pattern found in turtles originated from an amniote ancestral state defined by a nuclear configuration with extensive associations among microchromosomes that were preserved upon the reshuffling of the linear genome.

ABSTRACTDespite global consensus on the importance of male involvement in family planning, disparities persist in low- and middle-income countries, where women continue to bear the responsibility for these initiatives. The Philippines, with a high fertility rate and unmet family planning needs, exemplifies this challenge. We present the experiences and lessons learned from implementing the no-scalpel vasectomy (NSV) program in Davao City, showcasing its potential for increasing male engagement in family planning decisions. Launched in 2008, the program aimed to address gender disparity by promoting NSV as a safe and effective contraceptive alternative to female-centric methods. Through the use of culturally sensitive information campaigns and couple-focused counseling, the program challenged traditional notions of masculinity and encouraged shared decision-making. Strong local government commitment and public-private partnerships played key roles in driving the program’s success. Results showed an average annual increase of 80% in NSV clients over the past 3 years compared to before the COVID-19 pandemic, underscoring its effectiveness. The program presents a compelling intervention model for similar initiatives, highlighting how overcoming cultural barriers, infrastructure limitations, and budgetary constraints through policy advocacy, strategic partnerships, and tailored approaches can significantly boost male involvement in family planning and improve reproductive health outcomes within communities.

New research into the moments between wakefulness and sleep could bring hope for insomniacs and even make us more creative problem-solvers

Discover the compatibility between Libra and Aquarius in love, friendship, and more. Explore their strengths, challenges, and what makes this zodiac pairing unique.

Two exclusive conferences focusing on "Reference Material (RM) Producers" organized by National Accreditation Board for Testing and Calibration Laboratories (NABL) are scheduled to be held on January 10,

Feb 23, 2023

The Belfer Center at Harvard Kennedy School hosted a virtual conversation with Ukraine's Foreign Minister Dmytro Kuleba Wednesday (Feb. 22) to discuss the war in Ukraine as it reaches a full year since Russia's invasion. 

Mitch Eitel discusses shareholder activism and post-financial crisis enforcement issues

Virginia Bioinformatics Institute Video Case Study

Winners from around the world, check it now...

Protein bars, shakes, and powders are gaining popularity among adults, and many teens are following suit (!--ref1--). According to the University of Michigan Health C.

Big data identifies lipids as signatures of health and disease. Biology is swaddled in lipids: fats, oils, and even waxes envelop cells and their

At some point, you might have searched for specific information online, only to end up "going down the Wiki rabbit hole." In this journey, you uncover

In India around 50,000 people require medlinkheart transplants/medlink annually, but merely 0.2 percent are fortunate enough to receive suitable donors, say experts.

Scientists in /medlink Bonn pinpoint uncommon genetic mutations linked to male-pattern hair loss. From receding hairlines to the iconic horseshoe baldness

Genomic analysis indicates that inherited DNA may affect how women's cells handle chromosomal changes with age, specifically mLOX, as per a study by researchers

A novel genetic mechanism that can cause severe forms of male infertility has been discovered by Newcastle University scientists. This breakthrough

Recent research has provided insights into potential disruptions in the sperm formation process, offering an explanation for insufficient sperm production

New 'copy-paste' mechanism in genetics have been identified by researchers at EMBL's European Bioinformatics Institute (EMBL-EBI) in a malaria parasite

Have you ever had an itch on your nose or, even worse, in an unreachable spot on your back that drives you crazy? Now, picture an itch that never fades, no matter how much you scratch.

Data isn’t meaningful unless you do something with it. Let’s say your average RevPAR for June is $150. Alone, that doesn’t mean very much. But what if you compare that number to the average RevPAR, globally and within your region? If you measure whether you’re improving year-on-year, month-on-month? If you look beyond RevPAR to accompanying key metrics?

U.S. hotels produced healthy growth in revenue per available room (RevPAR) for a fourth week in a row. The metric was up 3.1% (all comparisons are year-over-year unless otherwise noted) on equal gains in occupancy and average daily rate (ADR). Performance was lifted by the shift of Halloween from Tuesday last year to Thursday this year as well as corporate travel squeezed in ahead of the U.S. election.

Manchester : Manchester University Press, [2017]

Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 2023.

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