Interview with Ezekiel J. Emanuel, MD, PhD, author of Attitudes and Practices of Euthanasia and Physician-Assisted Suicide in the United States, Canada, and Europe

Interview with Barbara E. Murray, MD, author of Infectious Disease Expert Sees Threat From Colistin-Resistant Superbug

Interview with Axel Linke, MD, author of Effect of a Cerebral Protection Device on Brain Lesions Following Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation in Patients With Severe Aortic Stenosis: The CLEAN-TAVI Randomized Clinical Trial

Interview with Dhruv S. Kazi, MD, MSc, MS, author of Cost-effectiveness of PCSK9 Inhibitor Therapy in Patients With Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia or Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease

Introducing a new series of JAMA articles on professionalism, discussed from the perspective of how clinicians should address challenging clinical situations and adverse events in their medical practice. In the first episode of the accompanying podcast, JAMA Professionalism: Best Practice, we interview Wendy Levinson, MD, and Jensen Yeung, MD, authors of Disclosure of Medical Error, which appeared in the August 16, 2016 issue of JAMA, as well as Thomas H. Gallagher, MD.

Drug prices continue to rise in the US. Many solutions have been proposed but few have been implemented. Drs. Janet Woodcock from the FDA and Aaron Kesselheim, author of The High Cost of Prescription Drugs in the United States from the Harvard Medical School discuss the role of brand name drugs and generics and how they influence the cost of pharmaceuticals.

Also see The Cost of US Pharmaceutical Price Reductions: A Financial Simulation Model of R&D Decisions by Thomas A. Abbott and John A. Vernon.

Interview with Joel G. Ray, MD, MSc, FRCPC, author of Association Between MRI Exposure During Pregnancy and Fetal and Childhood Outcomes

Interview with Vivian S. Lee, MD, PhD, MBA;, author of Implementation of a Value-Driven Outcomes Program to Identify High Variability in Clinical Costs and Outcomes: Association With Reduced Cost and Improved Quality, and Michael E. Porter, PhD, author of From Volume to Value in Health Care: The Work Begins

Interview with Jeffrey L Saver, M.D., author of Time to Treatment With Endovascular Thrombectomy and Outcomes From Ischemic Stroke: A Meta-analysis

When managing septic shock, passive leg raising is the best test to determine if a patient is likely to respond to a fluid bolus, better than CVP lines or even bedside ultrasound. Dr Najib Ayas, Associate professor of Critical Care Medicine at the University of British Columbia, discusses shock management from the context of his Rational Clinical examination article in the September 27, 2016 issue of JAMA, entitled “Will This Hemodynamically Unstable Patient Respond to a Bolus of Intravenous Fluids?”

Nearly all women experience some element of nausea and vomiting during their pregnancies. In this podcast we review the entire spectrum of disease all the way up to hyperemesis gravidarum and how to provide care for women experiencing these problems.

Article discussed in this episode:

Treatments for Hyperemesis Gravidarum and Nausea and Vomiting in Pregnancy

In this episode of JAMA Professionalism: Best Practice, Edward H. Livingston, MD looks at the case of a physician requesting prescription medication from a colleague to examine professional boundaries between physicians and options for managing those boundaries. Shiphra Ginsburg, MD and Wendy Levinson, MD, authors of the related article, join Dr Livingston to discuss the best options for handling this challenging situation. Arthur S. Hengerer, MD, chair of the Federation of State Medical Boards discusses the legal and licensure ramifications of physicians prescribing for other clinicians and Kate E. Engelhardt, MD, and D. Brock Hewitt, MD, MPH, practicing physicians, relate their experience with other clinicians asking them to prescribe medications.

Approximately one-third of all medical school graduates report having been abused as students. Medical student and resident abuse has long been considered unacceptable behavior but still persists in the teaching environment. In this podcast we discuss how students and residents might respond to these events. We interview Geoffrey Young, MD, from the Association of American Medical Colleges and Thomas J. Nasca, MD, from the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education, who discuss how they expect medical schools to respond to abusive behaviors and what resources are available to students and residents who have been abused to report those experiences without fearing retribution.

Article discussed in this episode:

Medical Student Mistreatment

Interview with Christopher JL. Murray, MD, DPhil, author of US County-Level Trends in Mortality Rates for Major Causes of Death, 1980-2014

Interview with Roger L. Zemek, MD, author of Association Between Early Participation in Physical Activity Following Acute Concussion and Persistent Postconcussive Symptoms in Children and Adolescents

Interview with Ann E. Kurth, PhD, RN, MSN, MPH, author of Serologic Screening for Genital Herpes Infection: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement

Can testosterone gel improve memory, correct anemia, increase bone density or prevent the growth of coronary artery plaque in older men with low testosterone levels? Four new studies in JAMA and JAMA Internal Medicine found improvement in some of these measures.

Articles discussed in this episode:

• Testosterone Treatment and Coronary Artery Plaque Volume in Older Men With Low Testosterone

• Testosterone Treatment and Cognitive Function in Older Men With Low Testosterone and Age-Associated Memory Impairment

• Effect of Testosterone Treatment on Volumetric Bone Density and Strength in Older Men With Low Testosterone: A Controlled Clinical Trial

• Association of Testosterone Levels With Anemia in Older Men: A Controlled Clinical Trial

In 2017 the Society for Critical Care Medicine updated its guidelines for sepsis management. These new guidelines differ significantly from ones in the past in that they no longer recommend protocolized resuscitation and emphasize early and aggressive fluid resuscitation when patients present with septic shock. This is the first podcast in the Surviving Sepsis guideline series. The next episode discusses why the new sepsis guideline changed.

Article discussed in this episode: Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock

Speakers:

Laura Evans, MD, MSc, of Bellevue Hospital and NYU Medical Center

Andrew Rhodes, MBBS, MD, of St George’s University Hospitals NHS Trust and co-chair of the Surviving Sepsis guideline panel

Mitchell M. Levy, MD, of the Alpert Medical School of Brown University and Rhode Island Hospital

Interview with Freddie C. Hamdy, MD, FRCSEd(Urol), and Jenny L Donovan, PhD, FMedSci, authors of Patient-Reported Outcomes Following Treatment for Localized Prostate Cancer: Helping Decision Making for Patients and Their Physicians

This podcast discusses the latest research into the workings of the lung microbiome and how it will affect future diagnosis and treatment of respiratory diseases. Related article: The Lung Microbiome: Key to Respiratory Ills?

Interview with David C. Grossman, MD, MPH, author of Screening for Obesity in Children and Adolescents: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement

Interview with Stuart M. Butler, PhD, MA, BSc, author of State Flexibility for Medicaid: How Much?

Interview with Jeffrey Alan. Golden, MD, author of Deep Learning Algorithms for Detection of Lymph Node Metastases From Breast Cancer: Helping Artificial Intelligence Be Seen

Interview with Alex R Kemper, MD, MPH, MS, Task Force member and co-author of Screening for Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement

Interview with Dr. Ashish Jha, MD, MPH, about his study using Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) data to compare health care infrastructure, outcomes, and prices in the US and other high-income countries to identify the sources of spending that make US health care so expensive.

Interview with Christopher JL. Murray, MD, DPhil, author of The State of US Health, 1990-2016: Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Among US States

Interview with Alex H Krist, MD, MPH, Task Force member and co-author of Vitamin D, Calcium, or Combined Supplementation for the Primary Prevention of Fractures in Community-Dwelling Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement, and Interventions to Prevent Falls in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement

Interview with Chien-Wen Tseng, MD, MPH, Task Force member and co-author of Screening for Osteoporosis to Prevent Fractures: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement

Interview with Chyke A Doubeni, M.D., F.R.C.S., M.P.H., Task Force member and co-author of Behavioral Weight Loss Interventions to Prevent Obesity-Related Morbidity and Mortality in Adults: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement

Interview with Elizabeth O'Connor, PHD, author of Interventions to Prevent Perinatal Depression: Evidence Report and Systematic Review for the US Preventive Services Task Force

Interview with Neil Skolnik, M.D., author of Reexamining Recommendations for Treatment of Hypercholesterolemia in Older Adults

Interview with David A. Asch, MD, MBA, author of The Uncertain Effect of Financial Incentives to Improve Health Behaviors

Interview with Robert M. Califf, MD, author of Lowering Cost and Increasing Access to Drugs Without Jeopardizing Innovation

Interview with Robert M. Wachter, MD, author of Restricting the Number of Open Patient Records in the Electronic Health Record: Is the Record Half Open or Half Closed?

Interview with Andrew A. Nierenberg, MD, author of Evolving Issues in the Treatment of Depression

Interview with John W Epling, MD, MSEd, Task Force member and co-author of Preexposure Prophylaxis for the Prevention of HIV Infection: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement

Interview with Paul A. Volberding, MD, and Hyman Scott, MD MPH, authors of HIV Screening and Preexposure Prophylaxis Guidelines: Following the Evidence

Interview with Jennifer L. Swails, MD, author of The Conundrum of the United States Medical Licensing Examination Score Reporting Structure

Interview with Gary H. Gibbons, M.D., author of Accelerating the Science of SCD Therapies—Is a Cure Possible?

Interview with Alexandra K. Glazier, JD, MPH, author of Success of Opt-In Organ Donation Policy in the United States

Interview with Daniel Brodie, MD, author of Extracorporeal Life Support for Adults With Respiratory Failure and Related Indications: A Review

Interview with Joanna Paladino, MD, author of Communication Strategies for Sharing Prognostic Information With Patients: Beyond Survival Statistics

Interview with Carol M Mangione, MD MSPH, USPSTF member and coauthor of Risk Assessment, Genetic Counseling, and Genetic Testing for BRCA-Related Cancer: US Preventive Services Task Force Recommendation Statement

Audio at 5:55 was changed to reflect a revised risk increase statement.

Interview with Yngvild Olsen, M.D., M.P.H., author of Lessons Learned From the Opioid Epidemic

Interview with Benjamin Daniel Sommers, MD, PhD, author of Medicaid Expansion and Health: Assessing the Evidence After Five Years

Interview with Frank B. Hu, MD, PhD, author of Can Plant-Based Meat Alternatives Be Part of a Healthy and Sustainable Diet?

Interview with William H. Shrank, MD, MSHS, author of Waste in the US Health Care System: Estimated Costs and Potential for Savings

Interview with John P. A. Ioannidis, MD, DSc, author of Neglecting Major Health Problems and Broadcasting Minor, Uncertain Issues in Lifestyle Science

Interview with Amol S. Navathe, MD, PhD, author of Addressing Bias in Artificial Intelligence in Health Care

Interview with Mark D. Huffman, MD, MPH, author of Implementation Strategies for Cardiovascular Polypills