cop Analysing micro- and nanoplastics with cutting-edge infrared spectroscopy techniques: a critical review By pubs.rsc.org Published On :: Anal. Methods, 2024, 16,2177-2197DOI: 10.1039/D3AY01808C, Critical Review Open Access   This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported Licence.Junhao Xie, Aoife Gowen, Wei Xu, Junli XuIn this review, we discussed and compared the applications of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, quantum cascade laser infrared spectroscopy, atomic force microscopy-based infrared spectroscopy, and optical photothermal infrared spectroscopy in MNP research from multiple perspectives.The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry Full Article
cop Fair trade: On the 29th COP and India’s carbon market By www.thehindu.com Published On :: Sat, 26 Oct 2024 00:20:00 +0530 India must develop a transparent carbon trade policy Full Article Editorial
cop 603: Deno, React Alternatives, and Copilot Concerns with Triple Threat Josh Collinsworth By shoptalkshow.com Published On :: Mon, 19 Feb 2024 09:22:07 +0000 Josh (or Jsoh) stops by to talk about his work at Deno, recent blog posts on Copilot, why Svelte is awesome and React is not, Apple and PWA, and building word games on the web. Full Article All Episodes Deno GitHub copilot pwa
cop 623: Assigning Weight Dynamically, CoPilot vs Other AI, and Monorepos By shoptalkshow.com Published On :: Mon, 08 Jul 2024 08:34:45 +0000 We're talking about assigning a weight to items in a layout, differentiating between banger posts and regular blog posts, using social engineering to get PR's accepted, monorepo thoughts, using CoPilot vs other AI programming support bots, has TypeScript benefited from AI, and what happens if you turn off CoPilot? Full Article All Episodes copilot typescript vs code
cop 638: Q&A About Copyright, Jekyll, Joomla, Statamic, and More! By shoptalkshow.com Published On :: Mon, 21 Oct 2024 08:38:43 +0000 Dave's designing a new tshirt, questions for lawyers about copyrights for code projects, what does the copyright in the footer actually do, what do Dave and Chris require for personal web projects, does Jekyll get updated anymore, the Bob from Hell UX pattern, viewing ads on CNN, what about Joomla or Statamic, and how do paid fonts on the web work? Full Article All Episodes CMS copyright Dark patterns Jekyll Joomla Statamic UX
cop Keeping track of Scope-3 emissions from supply chains By www.thehindubusinessline.com Published On :: Sun, 27 Oct 2024 18:58:37 +0530 Gurgaon-based startup OnlyGood FutureTech helps companies measure emissions generated by supply partners Full Article Clean Tech
cop Delhi cop Nidhin Valsan’s inspiring journey from arresting cancer to Ironman finish line By www.thehindu.com Published On :: Fri, 08 Nov 2024 02:05:22 +0530 Diagnosed with stage 4 non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma in 2021, IPS officer Nidhin Valsan resurrected himself by competing the Ironman triathlon and writing his memoir because he hopes to be a good influence on other cancer patients Full Article Delhi
cop A kaleidoscopic memoir By www.thehindubusinessline.com Published On :: Sun, 20 Jun 2021 20:49:24 +0530 An anecdote filled book records a life well travelled Full Article Books
cop A macroscopic magneto-optical response resulting from local effects in ferronematic liquid crystals By pubs.rsc.org Published On :: Soft Matter, 2024, 20,8363-8372DOI: 10.1039/D4SM00577E, PaperXiangshen Meng, Xiaowei Li, Jian Li, Yueqiang Lin, Xiaodong Liu, Zhenghong HeThe dynamic rotational behavior of composite chains under a rotating magnetic field was observed. The birefringence and dichroism variations in FNLCs mainly stem from the magnetic response of the composite chains, indicating local effects.The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry Full Article
cop Mechanical properties soft hydrogels: assessment by scanning ion-conductance microscopy and atomic force microscopy By pubs.rsc.org Published On :: Soft Matter, 2024, Accepted ManuscriptDOI: 10.1039/D4SM00966E, PaperTatiana Tikhonova, Yuri M. Efremov, Vasilii Kolmogorov, Aleksei Iakovlev, Nikolay Sysoev, Peter S. Timashev, Victor Fadeev, Alexander Tivtikyan, Sergey Salikhov, Petr Gorelkin, Yuri Korchev, Alexandr Erofeev, Evgeny ShirshinThe growing interest in biomimetic hydrogels is due to their successful applications in tissue engineering, 3D cell culturing and drug delivery. Major characteristics of hydrogels include swelling, porosity, degradation rate,...The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry Full Article
cop Zeroing in on methane diplomacy, at COP29 By www.thehindu.com Published On :: Sat, 02 Nov 2024 00:08:00 +0530 The Baku meet is an opportunity for India to fast-track its efforts in reducing methane emissions Full Article Comment
cop BJP is embarrassed at being forced to copy guarantee schemes of Congress in BJP-ruled States: D. K. Shivakumar By www.thehindu.com Published On :: Sat, 02 Nov 2024 13:07:27 +0530 On BJP allegation that the Congress government is not been able to manage its guarantee schemes, Mr. Shivakumar said that Karnataka’s financial strength is stronger than the country’s financial strength Full Article Mangaluru
cop CHD Group to lead multi-country delegation to COP29 in Azerbaijan By www.thehindu.com Published On :: Fri, 08 Nov 2024 13:15:24 +0530 The 18-member expert delegation included food scientists, medical doctors, IT specialists, agriculture specialists, global health researchers, finance and energy specialists, policy administrators from India, Azerbaijan, USA, Canada, Nigeria, Bangladesh, Kenya, UK, Uganda and Austria Full Article Mangaluru
cop ‘Dayaa’ web series review: A solid thriller drama series that has scope for a brilliant follow-up By www.thehindu.com Published On :: Fri, 04 Aug 2023 13:36:46 +0530 Director Pavan Sadineni’s Telugu web series ‘Dayaa’, headlined by J D Chakravarthy’s restrained brilliance, is a gritty series that can leave viewers curious to know more Full Article Movies
cop Visible-light excited copper activating unactivated alkyl iodides for radical addition/cyclization to access oxindole derivatives By pubs.rsc.org Published On :: Org. Chem. Front., 2024, 11,6380-6384DOI: 10.1039/D4QO01329H, Research ArticleHang Luo, Fangnian Yu, Luqing LinThe photocopper catalyst facilitates halogen atom transfer to give unactivated alkyl radicals, which is critical for achieving radical cyclization in the absence of an exogenous photocatalyst.The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry Full Article
cop Well-defined chiral dinuclear copper-catalyzed tandem asymmetric propargylic amination–carboxylative cyclization sequence toward chiral 2-oxazolidinone derivatives By pubs.rsc.org Published On :: Org. Chem. Front., 2024, 11,6319-6326DOI: 10.1039/D4QO01368A, Research ArticleYu Lan, Peng Liu, Zekai Fang, Lili Shao, Qilong Cai, Xiaoming WangA variety of chiral 2-oxazolidinones was obtained via a dinuclear copper-catalyzed asymmetric propargylic amination–carboxylative cyclization sequence of propargylic esters with alkyl amine hydrochlorides and CO2.The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry Full Article
cop A pillar[5]arene-based three-component supramolecular copolymer for the fluorescence detection of spermine By pubs.rsc.org Published On :: Org. Chem. Front., 2024, 11,6293-6303DOI: 10.1039/D4QO01470G, Research Article Open Access   This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported Licence.Martina Mazzaferro, Daniele Crisafulli, Francesca Mancuso, Marco Milone, Fausto Puntoriero, Anna Irto, Salvatore Patanè, Valentina Greco, Alessandro Giuffrida, Ilenia Pisagatti, Anna Notti, Melchiorre F. Parisi, Giuseppe GattusoA supramolecular copolymer, composed of a bis-pillar[5]arene diacid and complementary alkylidene- and perylene-bisimide-bis-imidazole comonomers, acts as an OFF/ON luminescent sensor for spermine.The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry Full Article
cop Copper-catalyzed alkynyldisulfuration of arynes: an efficient access to unsymmetrical disulfides By pubs.rsc.org Published On :: Org. Chem. Front., 2024, Accepted ManuscriptDOI: 10.1039/D4QO01844C, Research ArticleShuai Huang, Yumin Zhang, Yuekai Li, Chen-Ho Tung, Xin Li, Zhenghu XuThis article investigates a copper-catalyzed alkynyl disulfuration reaction of aryne formed in situ to synthesize o‑alkynyl aryl disulfides. The transformation proceeds through the in situ generation of aryne, followed by...The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry Full Article
cop Copper(II)-catalyzed synthesis of sulfonyl-functionalized quinone-fused cyclopenta[b]indoles via four-component cascade annulation By pubs.rsc.org Published On :: Org. Chem. Front., 2024, Advance ArticleDOI: 10.1039/D4QO01560F, Research ArticleHong Xu, Jie Liao, Fei Ren, Chuan-Rong Zhou, Xiao-Zhuo Liu, Yao Xiao, Dong-Wei Hang, Fuyu Li, Bei Wang, Ji-Yu WangThrough crucial selective radical tandem process and intramolecular nucleophilic addition, a facile copper-catalyzed four-component cascade has been realized to selectively construct novel sulfonyl-functionalized quinone-fused cyclopenta[b]indole.To cite this article before page numbers are assigned, use the DOI form of citation above.The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry Full Article
cop Thiocyanoalkylation of Alkenes via Dual Photoredox and Copper Catalysis By pubs.rsc.org Published On :: Org. Chem. Front., 2024, Accepted ManuscriptDOI: 10.1039/D4QO01864H, Research ArticleXu Wang, Bi-Yin Xiao, Qi-Xuan Jiang, Wei Huang, Feng-Hua ZhangOrganic thiocyanates are commonly used as an essential organic synthesis intermediate and widely present in various drug molecules and bioactive molecules. Herein, a copper and photoredox catalyzed thiocyanoalkylation reaction of...The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry Full Article
cop Preparation and antioxidant properties of tannic acid/copper ion nanozyme hybrid nanofibrous membranes By pubs.rsc.org Published On :: RSC Adv., 2024, 14,35743-35753DOI: 10.1039/D4RA05314A, Paper Open Access   This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 3.0 Unported Licence.Qiao Wu, Jingshu Xiao, Hu Zhuang, Fenghai Zhao, Ruoxi Li, Duntie ZhangA Cu/TA nanosheet was prepared by Cu2+ -mediated oxidative coupling inducing the self-assembly of a Cu-TA coordination complex network, which exhibits multienzyme like activity and enables the preparation of antioxidant membranes by electrospinning.The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry Full Article
cop Physicochemical properties and mechanism of action of a new copper(II) pyrazine-based complex with high anticancer activity and selectivity towards cancer cells By pubs.rsc.org Published On :: RSC Adv., 2024, 14,36295-36307DOI: 10.1039/D4RA06874B, Paper Open Access   This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Licence.B. Rogalewicz, T. Sierański, M. Szczesio, A. Olczak, K. Gobis, C. Orlewska, I. Korona-Głowniak, A. Korga-Plewko, M. Iwan, M. Michalczuk, J. Kubik, G. Adamczuk, M. Korga, N. Rutkowska, T. Boruta, K. Gas, M. Sawicki, E. Poleszak, W. Maniukiewicz, M. Świątkowski, A. CzylkowskaThe presented work underlines the importance of coordination compounds in the development of new anticancer agents that are safer and more efficient.The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry Full Article
cop Ahead of COP29, India to emphasise Paris Agreement red lines on climate finance By www.thehindu.com Published On :: Sat, 09 Nov 2024 19:20:55 +0530 India is expected to stick to its stance of getting developed countries to increase climate finance, with a highly placed official saying, “We are flexible and open to different kinds of finance.” The official told The Hindu, “A key concern is that developed countries are trying to include developing countries (China and India) using new terms such as ‘major economies’ in a bid to get them to be part of NCQG.” Full Article Environment
cop India to focus on climate finance, accountability, protection for vulnerable communities at COP29 By www.thehindu.com Published On :: Sun, 10 Nov 2024 13:01:19 +0530 India’s COP29 strategy emphasises climate finance, accountability, and protection for vulnerable communities, urging developed nations to fulfill climate pledges Full Article Environment
cop COP29 opens with Trump climate withdrawal looming By www.thehindu.com Published On :: Mon, 11 Nov 2024 11:37:43 +0530 Countries come to Baku for the main United Nations forum for climate diplomacy after new warnings that 2024 is on track to break temperature records, adding urgency to a fractious debate over climate funding. Full Article Environment
cop United Nations climate negotiations through the years to COP29: Timeline By www.thehindu.com Published On :: Mon, 11 Nov 2024 12:21:10 +0530 This year’s U.N. climate conference in Baku, Azerbaijan, marks the world’s 29th leadership gathering to confront global warming since the first “Conference of the Parties” in 1995. Full Article Environment
cop COP29 begins amid global headwinds By www.thehindu.com Published On :: Mon, 11 Nov 2024 21:20:13 +0530 As talks open, United Nations warns that Paris climate agreement’s goals ‘are in great peril’; re-election of Donald Trump as U.S. President has cast shadow on the summit; many world leaders have also skipped the meet where the primary focus is on increasing climate financing by wealthy nations Full Article Environment
cop Global carbon market gets green signal at COP29 under Paris Agreement's Article 6 By www.thehindu.com Published On :: Tue, 12 Nov 2024 12:18:07 +0530 It offers two pathways for countries and companies to trade carbon offsets, supporting the achievement of emission reduction targets set in their climate action plans, or nationally determined contributions Full Article Environment
cop 29th Climate Conference (COP) tracker | Key takeaways from U.N. chief’s speech and Day 1 discussions By www.thehindu.com Published On :: Tue, 12 Nov 2024 16:19:04 +0530 Chetan Bhattacharji, who is at Baku for the first week of negotiations and The Hindu’s Jacob Koshy, will guide us through high-stakes conversations at COP29 at 5 p.m. on November 12 Full Article Environment
cop Global carbon market gets green signal at COP29 By www.thehindu.com Published On :: Tue, 12 Nov 2024 17:29:33 +0530 Such a market would allow countries to trade carbon credits among themselves Full Article Environment
cop UN COP16 biodiversity summit agrees to establish Indigenous subsidiary body By www.thehindubusinessline.com Published On :: Sat, 02 Nov 2024 12:31:43 +0530 The value of the traditional knowledge of indigenous peoples, Afro-descendants and local communities is recognised with this decision, says Susana Muhamad, Colombia’s environment minister and COP16 president Full Article World
cop UN COP16 summit suspended without agreement on new funding for biodiversity conservation By www.thehindubusinessline.com Published On :: Sun, 03 Nov 2024 08:55:13 +0530 Wealthier nations were hesitant to increase funding, while developing countries argued that they cannot enhance their efforts without additional financial support Full Article World
cop COP29 climate agenda clouded by trade tensions ahead of summit By www.thehindubusinessline.com Published On :: Sat, 09 Nov 2024 10:07:16 +0530 Delegates at the conference must adopt the summit agenda by consensus as their first task when the COP29 talks begin on Nov. 11 in Baku, Azerbaijan Full Article World
cop COP29 host Azerbaijan promoted fossil fuel deals ahead of climate summit, NGO says By www.thehindubusinessline.com Published On :: Sat, 09 Nov 2024 11:40:28 +0530 In a secretly recorded video, CEO of the COP29 talks offers to introduce a representative of a fake oil and gas company, to the Azeri national oil and gas company SOCAR Full Article News
cop What is the point of a UN climate COP? By www.thehindubusinessline.com Published On :: Sat, 09 Nov 2024 13:55:00 +0530 But as each year's summit has produced its own set of promises, plans and paperwork to chase, the rationale for these discussions can be hard to follow Full Article World
cop UN COP29 climate summit: What is a carbon credit? What is Article 6 of the Paris Agreement? By www.thehindubusinessline.com Published On :: Sat, 09 Nov 2024 15:46:52 +0530 Officials are keen to secure an early "win" on Article 6 at this year's climate conference in Azerbaijan Full Article News
cop COP29 climate negotiations begin on November 11 in Baku By www.thehindubusinessline.com Published On :: Sun, 10 Nov 2024 20:28:36 +0530 The hope against hope is that an NCQG target will be agreed upon and there will be pledges for seed funding it Full Article Economy
cop COP29 Climate Summit Day 2 Live: Azerbaijan is victim of ‘well-orchestrated campaign of slander and blackmail’, says President Aliyev By www.thehindubusinessline.com Published On :: Mon, 11 Nov 2024 07:18:02 +0530 COP29 World Climate Action Summit Live Updates: At the COP29 climate summit in Baku, Azerbaijan, countries approved vital carbon credit quality standards essential for facilitating a U.N.-backed global carbon market aimed at funding greenhouse gas reduction projects. This early agreement marks a significant step forward, despite concerns about the upcoming U.S. administration under President-elect Donald Trump, who has indicated intentions to withdraw from the Paris Agreement. Experts suggest that the endorsement might help operationalize the market by next year, enabling countries and companies to purchase carbon credits for climate initiatives worldwide. However, while the approved standards seek to address the credibility of projects, campaigners have raised concerns about their adequacy, especially regarding human rights protections. Criticism also arose regarding the decision-making process, with some nations feeling excluded from discussions. Moving forward, negotiators aim to establish further rules to ensure the market’s integrity, which could potentially yield $250 billion annually and cut carbon emissions significantly by 2030. Full Article Economy
cop Trump’s return and trade disputes cast shadow over COP29 climate summit in Baku By www.thehindubusinessline.com Published On :: Mon, 11 Nov 2024 11:41:44 +0530 Delegates gathering in Baku are hoping to resolve the summit's top agenda item – a deal for up to $1 trillion in annual climate finance for developing countries Full Article World
cop Ruthenium, copper and ruthenium–copper complexes of an unsymmetrical phosphino pyridyl 1,8-naphthyridine PNNN ligand By pubs.rsc.org Published On :: Dalton Trans., 2024, 53,18037-18046DOI: 10.1039/D4DT02755H, PaperJingyun Wu, Michael A. Stevens, Michael G. Gardiner, Annie L. ColebatchA new unsymmetrical dinucleating PNNN ligand is reported, the versatility of which is demonstrated by formation of heterobimetallic, homobimetallic and monometallic complexes.The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry Full Article
cop Mechanistic studies of NOx reduction reactions involving copper complexes: encouragement of DFT calculations By pubs.rsc.org Published On :: Dalton Trans., 2024, Advance ArticleDOI: 10.1039/D4DT02420F, Frontier Open Access   This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Licence.Yohei Kametani, Yoshihito ShiotaMechanistic analysis of nitrite (NO2−) and nitric oxide (NO) reduction reactions promoted by copper complexes provides a reliable view of electron transfer and atom movement.To cite this article before page numbers are assigned, use the DOI form of citation above.The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry Full Article
cop NanoRaman: correlated tip-enhanced optical spectroscopy and scanning-probe microscopy By physicsworld.com Published On :: 2018-01-19T14:46:48Z Register now: 8 March 2018 A webinar sponsored by HORIBA Scientific Full Article
cop Your stone-age brain in the screen age [electronic resource] : coping with digital distraction and sensory overload / Richard E. Cytowic. By darius.uleth.ca Published On :: Cambridge, Massachusetts : The MIT Press, [2024] Full Article
cop Data Point | Understanding the goals and vision of COP27 By www.thehindu.com Published On :: Tue, 15 Nov 2022 16:53:15 +0530 The Data Point is a bi-weekly newsletter in which The Hindu’s Data team decodes the numbers behind today’s biggest stories. Full Article Data
cop India has a lot more scope to pursue progressive capitalism: Joseph Stiglitz By www.thehindu.com Published On :: Sun, 11 Aug 2024 01:55:35 +0530 “We live in a highly integrated society where what one person does affects others; So that’s why you need collective action. You need government, you need regulation, you need public investment,” says Nobel Laureate Full Article Economy
cop Coordination environment-tailored electronic structure of single atomic copper sites for efficient electrochemical nitrate reduction toward ammonia By pubs.rsc.org Published On :: Energy Environ. Sci., 2024, 17,8360-8367DOI: 10.1039/D4EE02746A, PaperTianchi Huang, Taiyu Liang, Jiao You, Qihua Huo, Shuai Qi, Jingwen Zhao, Na Meng, Jinglian Liao, Chunyan Shang, Hengpan Yang, Qi Hu, Chuanxin HeA robust strategy is developed to finely tune the electronic structure of Cu by employing single atomic Cu–N–C via both first and second coordination shell engineering, thereby boosting the performance for the nitrate reduction reaction.The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry Full Article
cop Photoelectrochemical nitrate denitrification towards acidic ammonia synthesis on copper-decorated black silicon By pubs.rsc.org Published On :: Energy Environ. Sci., 2024, Advance ArticleDOI: 10.1039/D4EE04438J, PaperYuchan Li, Qi Zhang, Huan Dai, Dong He, Zunjian Ke, Xiangheng XiaoThis work highlights the exceptional performance and great potentials of a Cu nanoparticle decorated silicon nanowire arrays (Cu–Si NWs) for photoelectrocatalytic nitrate reduction to ammonia in acidic electrolyte and in realistic wastewater.To cite this article before page numbers are assigned, use the DOI form of citation above.The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry Full Article
cop A fluoride gradient, Zn-salt-rich hydrophobic interphase formed by a zincophilic, hydrophobic, anion-philic polymer “skin” for an anode-free solid Zn battery By pubs.rsc.org Published On :: Energy Environ. Sci., 2024, Advance ArticleDOI: 10.1039/D4EE01978D, PaperXinpeng Han, Jinpeng Han, Kang Ma, Jiaqi Wen, Lianpeng Li, Daliang Han, Jie SunA Zn2+·OC group-derived contact ion pair (CIP)/aggregate (AGG)-rich electrolyte is fabricated to generate a fluoride gradient, Zn-salt-rich hydrophobic solid electrolyte interface (SEI) layer with ultrahigh mechanical properties.To cite this article before page numbers are assigned, use the DOI form of citation above.The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry Full Article
cop Flexible spacer-block multi-component copolymerized donors enable resilient organic solar cells with over 40% crack-onset strain By pubs.rsc.org Published On :: Energy Environ. Sci., 2024, Advance ArticleDOI: 10.1039/D4EE04208E, PaperCongqi Lin, Zhenyu Chen, Ruixiang Peng, Wei Song, Jiangwei Gao, Xueliang Yu, Tingting Feng, Yongqi Bai, Ziyi GeA series of novel block donors were synthesized, achieving excellent PCE of 19.57% in rigid OSCs and 18.03% in f-OSCs, along with an outstanding crack-onset strain value of 40.29%.To cite this article before page numbers are assigned, use the DOI form of citation above.The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry Full Article
cop Market optimization and technoeconomic analysis of hydrogen-electricity coproduction systems By pubs.rsc.org Published On :: Energy Environ. Sci., 2024, Advance ArticleDOI: 10.1039/D4EE02394C, Paper Open Access   This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Licence.Daniel J. Laky, Nicole P. Cortes, John C. Eslick, Alexander A. Noring, Naresh Susarla, Chinedu Okoli, Miguel A. Zamarripa, Douglas A. Allan, John H. Brewer, Arun K. S. Iyengar, Maojian Wang, Anthony P. Burgard, David C. Miller, Alexander W. DowlingWe present an optimization framework to analyze emerging power systems technologies that coproduce power and alternative fuels. Emerging solid oxide-based systems have the potential to enable a reliable, efficient transition to cleaner energy.To cite this article before page numbers are assigned, use the DOI form of citation above.The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry Full Article