Lee Call
Apr 29, 2020; 0:jlr.RA120000652v1-jlr.RA120000652
Research Articles

Multi-component lipid emulsions, rather than soy-oil emulsions, prevent cholestasis by an unknown mechanism. Here, we quantified liver function, bile acid pools, and gut microbial and metabolite profiles in premature, parenterally fed pigs given a soy-oil lipid emulsion, Intralipid (IL); a multi component lipid emulsion, SMOFlipid (SMOF); a novel emulsion with a modified fatty-acid composition (EXP); or a control enteral diet (ENT) for 22 days. We assayed serum cholestasis markers; measured total bile acid levels in plasma, liver, and gut contents; and analyzed colonic bacterial 16S rRNA gene sequences and metabolomic profiles. Serum cholestasis markers (i.e. bilirubin, bile acids, and g-glutamyl transferase) were highest in IL-fed pigs and normalized in those given SMOF, EXP, or ENT. Gut bile acid pools were lowest in the IL treatment and were increased in the SMOF and EXP treatments and comparable to ENT. Multiple bile acids, especially their conjugated forms, were higher in the colon contents of SMOF and EXP than in IL pigs. Colonic microbial communities of SMOF and EXP pigs had lower relative abundance of several Gram-positive anaerobes, including Clostridrium XIVa, and higher abundance of Enterobacteriaceae than those of IL and ENT pigs. Differences in lipid and microbial-derived compounds were also observed in colon metabolite profiles. These results indicate that multi-component lipid emulsions prevent cholestasis and restore enterohepatic bile flow in association with gut microbial and metabolomic changes. We conclude that sustained bile flow induced by multi-component lipid emulsions likely exerts a dominant effect in reducing bile acid–sensitive, Gram-positive bacteria.

The charges came after police were called December 3 and told that she was damaging a Jewish neighbors apartment and defacing it with antisemitic symbols and graffiti.

Silage from the crop is one of the best feeds for the animals especially when they are three months of age and weigh more than 25kg

Title: Pigs Yield Clues to Cystic Fibrosis-Related Lung Disease
Category: Health News
Created: 4/28/2010 2:10:00 PM
Last Editorial Review: 4/29/2010 12:00:00 AM

The containment practices of outbreaks past could have lessons for modern epidemics

Big drugs companies have long favoured outsourcing clinical trials to poor countries with lax regulations to cut costs and maximise profit

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Last week, in Oxford, the first volunteers in the first European human trial were injected with a potential coronavirus vaccine. At the same time, Pakistan’s National Institute of Health received an offer from the Chinese pharmaceutical firm Sinopharm International Corp to take part in a trial of another potential coronavirus vaccine.

Related: Africa's Covid-19 research must be tailored to its realities – by its own scientists | Monique Wasunna

In India, many poor people were recruited to HIV trials without knowing that they were taking part in experiments

And with that comes real fear for the environment.

The premature deaths are linked to excessive breeding.

more images below Matteria, good design+smart materials online store, suggest a spicy Christmas this year, without forgetting the environment. Apart from the gorgeous cork advent candle holder, the cosy Finnish red felt slippers, and giftbags to spoil

Roko no

Every now and again - but not often - a player will make the brave decision to move from his current club to their biggest rivals. Here, Sportsmail takes a look at ten transfers between rival clubs.

WARNING: DISTRESSING CONTENT Si Racha Zoo in eastern Thailand put on the 'tiger chasing piglet show' so visitors could watch the the tiny animals being chased by female tiger Saimai.

He's a passionate animal rights advocate and ardent vegan. Joaquin Phoenix proved that he was dedicated to the cause, as he left SAG Awards festivities early to attend a vigil for pigs on Sunday.

Wayne Rooney has criticised the government and the football authorities for treating players as 'guinea pigs' in their confused message over the coronavirus outbreak.

Kenwyne Jones has lifted the lid on the 'deplorable' pigs head prank he was on the receiving end of at Stoke and had members of the Muslim community contacting him offering to 'handle the situation.' 

Wayne Rooney has criticised the government and the football authorities for treating players as 'guinea pigs' in their confused message over the coronavirus outbreak.

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Bioluminscent bacteria pair with electronics to detect blood in the gut