be Writers Association: Han's Nobel Feat 'Blessing for Literary Language' By world.kbs.co.kr Published On :: Fri, 11 Oct 2024 17:24:03 +0900 [Culture] : The Writers Association of Korea says Han Kang’s recognition with a Nobel Prize in Literature is a blessing for literary language. The association, one of the nation’s most prominent writers’ groups, said in a statement Friday that the latest feat is a reminder of the role that literature plays in ...[more...] Full Article Culture
be Han Kang's 'The Vegetarian' to be Made into Italian Play By world.kbs.co.kr Published On :: Sat, 12 Oct 2024 14:44:18 +0900 [Culture] : South Korea's first Nobel Prize winner in literature Han Kang's bestselling novel "The Vegetarian" will be made into a play in the Italian language. According to the Korean Cultural Center in Rome, Italian theater company INDEX is set to stage the play in nine major cities of Italy and France, including ...[more...] Full Article Culture
be J-Hope of BTS to be Discharged from Army Thursday By world.kbs.co.kr Published On :: Mon, 14 Oct 2024 18:44:12 +0900 [Culture] : J-Hope of K-pop sensation BTS will complete his 18 months of mandatory military service and be discharged from the Army on Thursday. The singer’s agency, BigHit Music, revealed the date on Monday in the group’s fan community platform, saying no event will be held to mark the occasion while urging ...[more...] Full Article Culture
be Han Kang’s Books Sell 1 Million Copies in Six Days after Nobel Win By world.kbs.co.kr Published On :: Wed, 16 Oct 2024 12:22:56 +0900 [Culture] : In the six days after the announcement that Han Kang won the Nobel Prize in Literature, sales of her books exceeded one million copies. According to major bookstore chains Yes24 and Kyobo Book Center on Wednesday, the figure had surpassed one million as of 9 a.m. Since Han’s Nobel Prize win, one ...[more...] Full Article Culture
be Han Kang Hopes to Write Three More Books before Turning 60 By world.kbs.co.kr Published On :: Fri, 18 Oct 2024 16:41:06 +0900 [Culture] : Nobel Prize-winning author Han Kang hopes to write three more books over the next six years. Han made the remarks Thursday as she accepted the Pony Chung Innovation Prize at an award ceremony organized by the Pony Chung Foundation. The 53-year-old author, who turns 54 next month, said ages 50 to 60 are ...[more...] Full Article Culture
be NewJeans’ ‘Ditto’ Ranks No. 23 on Best Songs of 2020s List By world.kbs.co.kr Published On :: Thu, 24 Oct 2024 14:51:57 +0900 [Culture] : A U.S. music magazine has picked “Ditto” by the K-pop girl group NewJeans as one of the top songs of the 2020s. According to the group’s agency, ADOR, Thursday, the song ranked 23rd on Paste magazine’s “100 Best Songs of the 2020s So Far.” According to the U.S. magazine, no K-pop group has ...[more...] Full Article Culture
be What's the Difference Between Liquor and Liqueur? By recipes.howstuffworks.com Published On :: Tue, 20 Feb 2024 18:42:02 -0500 Liquor and liqueur are spelled so similarly, it's easy to confuse them for being the same. But they're not. So how are they different? Full Article
be Got a Cowlick? Hair Styling Doesn't Have to Be Impossible By lifestyle.howstuffworks.com Published On :: Tue, 21 May 2024 11:34:34 -0400 It's the rare person indeed who is always pleased with how their hair looks. Most of us have to fight it a little bit (or a lot) to get it the way we want it. If you have a cowlick, hair management is even more of a struggle. Full Article
be Washing Symbols Explained: A Guide to Garment Care Labels By home.howstuffworks.com Published On :: Mon, 22 Jan 2024 17:38:15 -0500 The labels on your clothes have all types of laundry symbols on them. Here's what all those symbols mean. Full Article
be 9 Great Uses for Toothpaste Besides Brushing Your Teeth By home.howstuffworks.com Published On :: Tue, 20 Feb 2024 18:41:02 -0500 Toothpaste is for cleaning your pearly whites, right? True, but there are other cool uses for it that you may not know about. Here are nine of them. Full Article
be Seventeen becomes UNESCO's first Goodwill Ambassador for Youth By world.kbs.co.kr Published On :: 2024-06-17 Seventeen has become the 1st K-pop group to be appointed UNESCO's Goodwill Ambassador for Youth. It is also the first time UNESCO has designated a youth ambassador. Seventeen has been supporting the...[more...] Full Article
be BTS Jimin to Release English Version of 'Be Mine' Friday By world.kbs.co.kr Published On :: 2024-08-02 Jimin of BTS is set to release an English version of the single 'Be Mine.' The singer's agency BigHit Music said that the track would be released on Friday. 'Be Mine' is a track listed in...[more...] Full Article
be Minho to Hold First Solo Concert in November By world.kbs.co.kr Published On :: 2024-10-08 +09:00 Minho of SHINee will hold his first solo concert in November. Titled “MEAN: of my first” it will be Minho’s first solo concert since his debut as a member of SHINee in 2008....[more...] Full Article Economy&It
be STAYC to Make Comeback in October By world.kbs.co.kr Published On :: 2024-10-08 +09:00 STAYC will be making a comeback this month. The group’s label, High Up Entertainment, has confirmed that the group will be making a comeback on October 30. It added that the group is...[more...] Full Article Economy&It
be Rosé to Make Solo Comeback in December By world.kbs.co.kr Published On :: 2024-10-15 +09:00 Rosé will make a solo comeback in December.The Blackpink member will release her first solo studio album on Dec. 6. Titled, “rosie” the album will include 12 tracks, including the...[more...] Full Article Economy&It
be 'Super Shy' Listed on Pitchfork's List of Best Songs of the Decade By world.kbs.co.kr Published On :: 2024-10-15 +09:00 NewJeans’ hit “Super Shy’ has earned a spot in Pitchfork’s list of the best songs of the decade. It was the only K-pop track to be featured on Pitchfork’s list of...[more...] Full Article Economy&It
be G-Dragon Rumored to be Making Comeback By world.kbs.co.kr Published On :: 2024-10-15 +09:00 G-Dragon is rumored to be making a solo comeback this month. He was reportedly shooting a music video last week, with local media outlets speculating his comeback will take place in late...[more...] Full Article Economy&It
be Nobel Laureate Han Kang Novels on the Big Screen: '채식주의자(Vegetarian)'·'흉터 (Scars)' By world.kbs.co.kr Published On :: 2024-10-18 +09:00 For today’s #MovieSpotlight, we are joined by film critics Jason Bechervaise and Darcy Paquet to celebrate Han Kang’s Nobel Prize in Literature win! #한강...[more...] Full Article Economy&It
be Infinite to Embark on Asia Tour in December By world.kbs.co.kr Published On :: 2024-10-22 +09:00 Marking its 15th debut anniversary, Infinite will tour eight cities across Asia. The tour will kick off in Seoul on Dec. 6 with a three-day concert before traveling to Taipei, Macau, Jakarta and...[more...] Full Article Economy&It
be Ampers&One + Wonder Hours = Good Vibes! By world.kbs.co.kr Published On :: 2024-11-04 +09:00 We’re thrilled to welcome AMPERS&ONE back to our studio for the second time! Kamden, Brian, Kyrell, and Mackiah join us this week on Good Vibes Only to share their new songs from their...[more...] Full Article Economy&It
be WiFi Extender vs. Booster: What's the Best Choice for You? By computer.howstuffworks.com Published On :: Tue, 09 Jul 2024 14:20:49 -0400 Whether you're streaming your favorite shows, participating in virtual meetings or just browsing the internet, the quality of your WiFi network plays a crucial role in your overall online experience. WiFi signal issues can be frustrating — but luckily, there are multiple tools you can use to improve WiFi coverage. Full Article
be How to Turn Off AMBER Alerts and Other Loud Notifications By electronics.howstuffworks.com Published On :: Fri, 19 Jul 2024 12:06:53 -0400 You may have been awakened in the night by loud blaring noise and an alert text on your phone. Who sends these alerts, and why are you getting them? Full Article
be What Is the Singularity? And Should You Be Worried? By electronics.howstuffworks.com Published On :: Mon, 22 Jul 2024 13:15:25 -0400 The technological singularity happens when computers develop their own intelligence. Learn about the technological singularity. Full Article
be Is Seeing 911 a Divine Message? Here’s What Angel Number 911 Means By entertainment.howstuffworks.com Published On :: Mon, 11 Nov 2024 05:15:03 -0500 Discover the spiritual meaning of angel number 911. Learn how 911 symbolizes growth, change, and guidance from the universe in life, love, and personal journeys. Full Article
be Zodiac Signs Elements: Discover the Power Behind Each Element By entertainment.howstuffworks.com Published On :: Wed, 13 Nov 2024 05:30:03 -0500 Discover the unique traits of each zodiac element—fire, earth, air, and water. Uncover how these elements shape personalities and compatibility in astrology. Full Article
be S. Korea Posts Current Account Surplus in September for Fifth Straight Month By world.kbs.co.kr Published On :: Thu, 07 Nov 2024 08:29:44 +0900 [Economy] : The nation posted a current account surplus for the fifth consecutive month in September, on the back of robust exports of semiconductors and other IT products. According to tentative data from the Bank of Korea on Thursday, the current account surplus came to eleven-point-12 billion dollars in ...[more...] Full Article Economy
be Exports Fall 17.8% for First 10 Days of November By world.kbs.co.kr Published On :: Mon, 11 Nov 2024 10:10:10 +0900 [Economy] : Exports fell more than 17 percent year-on-year in the first ten days of November because there were fewer working days. According to preliminary data from the Korea Customs Service on Monday, the country’s outbound shipments reached 14-point-nine billion U.S. dollars during the cited period, down ...[more...] Full Article Economy
be KDI Forecasts Slowdown in Inflation to Continue for Time Being By world.kbs.co.kr Published On :: Mon, 11 Nov 2024 18:23:21 +0900 [Economy] : The Korea Development Institute(KDI) has recommended further easing of monetary policy tightening as it forecast that the slowdown in inflation will continue for the time being. The state-run think tank made the recommendation in a report released on Monday that analyzed recent price fluctuation factors ...[more...] Full Article Economy
be KOSPI Slips below 2,500 Threshold for First Time since Black Monday in August By world.kbs.co.kr Published On :: Tue, 12 Nov 2024 17:55:50 +0900 [Economy] : South Korea’s benchmark Korea Composite Stock Price Index(KOSPI) slipped below the two-thousand-500 threshold on Tuesday for the first time since August’s “Black Monday.” The KOSPI dipped 49-point-09 points, or one-point-94 percent, on Tuesday to close at two-thousand-482-point-57. In the ...[more...] Full Article Economy
be 83,000 Jobs Added in October, Slowest Growth in 4 Months By world.kbs.co.kr Published On :: Wed, 13 Nov 2024 08:29:45 +0900 [Economy] : The nation added 83-thousand jobs in October, with job growth falling below 100-thousand for the first time in four months. According to Statistics Korea on Wednesday, the number of employed people stood at 28-point-eight million last month, up 83-thousand from the same month last year. Job growth fell ...[more...] Full Article Economy
be Import Prices Jump 2.2% in October, Largest Gain in 6 Months By world.kbs.co.kr Published On :: Wed, 13 Nov 2024 09:13:48 +0900 [Economy] : The country’s import prices jumped more than two percent in October due to the won’s depreciation against the U.S. dollar and a rise in global oil prices. According to data from the Bank of Korea on Wednesday, the country’s import price index reached 137-point-61 in October, up two-point-two ...[more...] Full Article Economy
be KOSDAQ Falls below 700 for First Time in 2 Months By world.kbs.co.kr Published On :: Wed, 13 Nov 2024 11:20:48 +0900 [Economy] : South Korea’s tech-laden KOSDAQ fell below the 700 mark during trading for the first time in two months. As of 10:12 a.m. Wednesday, the secondary KOSDAQ market stood at 697-point-94, down 12-point-58 points or one-point-77 percent from the previous day. It marks the first time the KOSDAQ has ...[more...] Full Article Economy
be Pay and benefits - British Geological Survey By news.google.com Published On :: Mon, 03 Jul 2023 11:33:23 GMT Pay and benefits British Geological Survey Full Article
be How can CO2 be stored? | CCS - British Geological Survey By news.google.com Published On :: Mon, 29 Jan 2024 15:32:03 GMT How can CO2 be stored? | CCS British Geological Survey Full Article
be Will 2024 be the Year of the Aurora? - British Geological Survey By news.google.com Published On :: Fri, 23 Feb 2024 17:56:24 GMT Will 2024 be the Year of the Aurora? British Geological Survey Full Article
be What lies beneath Liverpool? - British Geological Survey By news.google.com Published On :: Fri, 11 Oct 2024 07:59:10 GMT What lies beneath Liverpool? British Geological Survey Full Article
be Seabed geology data: stakeholder consultation - British Geological Survey By news.google.com Published On :: Wed, 25 Sep 2024 15:58:38 GMT Seabed geology data: stakeholder consultation British Geological Survey Full Article
be Structural transformations and stability of benzo[a]pyrene under high pressure By journals.iucr.org Published On :: This study explores the high-pressure behavior of benzo[a]pyrene, revealing two previously unknown polymorphs at 4.8 and 7.1 GPa. These findings enhance our understanding of the structural dynamics and stability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons under extreme conditions. Full Article text
be Contrasting conformational behaviors of molecules XXXI and XXXII in the seventh blind test of crystal structure prediction By journals.iucr.org Published On :: 2024-10-14 Accurate modeling of conformational energies is key to the crystal structure prediction of conformational polymorphs. Focusing on molecules XXXI and XXXII from the seventh blind test of crystal structure prediction, this study employs various electronic structure methods up to the level of domain-local pair natural orbital coupled cluster singles and doubles with perturbative triples [DLPNO-CCSD(T1)] to benchmark the conformational energies and to assess their impact on the crystal energy landscapes. Molecule XXXI proves to be a relatively straightforward case, with the conformational energies from generalized gradient approximation (GGA) functional B86bPBE-XDM changing only modestly when using more advanced density functionals such as PBE0-D4, ωB97M-V, and revDSD-PBEP86-D4, dispersion-corrected second-order Møller–Plesset perturbation theory (SCS-MP2D), or DLPNO-CCSD(T1). In contrast, the conformational energies of molecule XXXII prove difficult to determine reliably, and variations in the computed conformational energies appreciably impact the crystal energy landscape. Even high-level methods such as revDSD-PBEP86-D4 and SCS-MP2D exhibit significant disagreements with the DLPNO-CCSD(T1) benchmarks for molecule XXXII, highlighting the difficulty of predicting conformational energies for complex, drug-like molecules. The best-converged predicted crystal energy landscape obtained here for molecule XXXII disagrees significantly with what has been inferred about the solid-form landscape experimentally. The identified limitations of the calculations are probably insufficient to account for the discrepancies between theory and experiment on molecule XXXII, and further investigation of the experimental solid-form landscape would be valuable. Finally, assessment of several semi-empirical methods finds r2SCAN-3c to be the most promising, with conformational energy accuracy intermediate between the GGA and hybrid functionals and a low computational cost. Full Article text
be Bond topology of chain, ribbon and tube silicates. Part II. Geometrical analysis of infinite 1D arrangements of (TO4)n− tetrahedra By journals.iucr.org Published On :: 2024-04-29 In Part I of this series, all topologically possible 1-periodic infinite graphs (chain graphs) representing chains of tetrahedra with up to 6–8 vertices (tetrahedra) per repeat unit were generated. This paper examines possible restraints on embedding these chain graphs into Euclidean space such that they are compatible with the metrics of chains of tetrahedra in observed crystal structures. Chain-silicate minerals with T = Si4+ (plus P5+, V5+, As5+, Al3+, Fe3+, B3+, Be2+, Zn2+ and Mg2+) have a grand nearest-neighbour 〈T–T〉 distance of 3.06±0.15 Å and a minimum T⋯T separation of 3.71 Å between non-nearest-neighbour tetrahedra, and in order for embedded chain graphs (called unit-distance graphs) to be possible atomic arrangements in crystals, they must conform to these metrics, a process termed equalization. It is shown that equalization of all acyclic chain graphs is possible in 2D and 3D, and that equalization of most cyclic chain graphs is possible in 3D but not necessarily in 2D. All unique ways in which non-isomorphic vertices may be moved are designated modes of geometric modification. If a mode (m) is applied to an equalized unit-distance graph such that a new geometrically distinct unit-distance graph is produced without changing the lengths of any edges, the mode is designated as valid (mv); if a new geometrically distinct unit-distance graph cannot be produced, the mode is invalid (mi). The parameters mv and mi are used to define ranges of rigidity of the unit-distance graphs, and are related to the edge-to-vertex ratio, e/n, of the parent chain graph. The program GraphT–T was developed to embed any chain graph into Euclidean space subject to the metric restraints on T–T and T⋯T. Embedding a selection of chain graphs with differing e/n ratios shows that the principal reason why many topologically possible chains cannot occur in crystal structures is due to violation of the requirement that T⋯T > 3.71 Å. Such a restraint becomes increasingly restrictive as e/n increases and indicates why chains with stoichiometry TO<2.5 do not occur in crystal structures. Full Article text
be GraphT–T (V1.0Beta), a program for embedding and visualizing periodic graphs in 3D Euclidean space By journals.iucr.org Published On :: 2024-04-29 Following the work of Day & Hawthorne [Acta Cryst. (2022), A78, 212–233] and Day et al. [Acta Cryst. (2024), A80, 258–281], the program GraphT–T has been developed to embed graphical representations of observed and hypothetical chains of (SiO4)4− tetrahedra into 2D and 3D Euclidean space. During embedding, the distance between linked vertices (T–T distances) and the distance between unlinked vertices (T⋯T separations) in the resultant unit-distance graph are restrained to the average observed distance between linked Si tetrahedra (3.06±0.15 Å) and the minimum separation between unlinked vertices is restrained to be equal to or greater than the minimum distance between unlinked Si tetrahedra (3.713 Å) in silicate minerals. The notional interactions between vertices are described by a 3D spring-force algorithm in which the attractive forces between linked vertices behave according to Hooke's law and the repulsive forces between unlinked vertices behave according to Coulomb's law. Embedding parameters (i.e. spring coefficient, k, and Coulomb's constant, K) are iteratively refined during embedding to determine if it is possible to embed a given graph to produce a unit-distance graph with T–T distances and T⋯T separations that are compatible with the observed T–T distances and T⋯T separations in crystal structures. The resultant unit-distance graphs are denoted as compatible and may form crystal structures if and only if all distances between linked vertices (T–T distances) agree with the average observed distance between linked Si tetrahedra (3.06±0.15 Å) and the minimum separation between unlinked vertices is equal to or greater than the minimum distance between unlinked Si tetrahedra (3.713 Å) in silicate minerals. If the unit-distance graph does not satisfy these conditions, it is considered incompatible and the corresponding chain of tetrahedra is unlikely to form crystal structures. Using GraphT–T, Day et al. [Acta Cryst. (2024), A80, 258–281] have shown that several topological properties of chain graphs influence the flexibility (and rigidity) of the corresponding chains of Si tetrahedra and may explain why particular compatible chain arrangements (and the minerals in which they occur) are more common than others and/or why incompatible chain arrangements do not occur in crystals despite being topologically possible. Full Article text
be Preliminary X-ray diffraction and ligand-binding analyses of the N-terminal domain of hypothetical protein Rv1421 from Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv By journals.iucr.org Published On :: 2024-06-27 Mycobacterium tuberculosis can reside and persist in deep tissues; latent tuberculosis can evade immune detection and has a unique mechanism to convert it into active disease through reactivation. M. tuberculosis Rv1421 (MtRv1421) is a hypothetical protein that has been proposed to be involved in nucleotide binding-related metabolism in cell-growth and cell-division processes. However, due to a lack of structural information, the detailed function of MtRv1421 remains unclear. In this study, a truncated N-terminal domain (NTD) of MtRv1421, which contains a Walker A/B-like motif, was purified and crystallized using PEG 400 as a precipitant. The crystal of MtRv1421-NTD diffracted to a resolution of 1.7 Å and was considered to belong to either the C-centered monoclinic space group C2 or the I-centered orthorhombic space group I222, with unit-cell parameters a = 124.01, b = 58.55, c = 84.87 Å, β = 133.12° or a = 58.53, b = 84.86, c = 90.52 Å, respectively. The asymmetric units of the C2 or I222 crystals contained two or one monomers, respectively. In terms of the binding ability of MtRv1421-NTD to various ligands, uridine diphosphate (UDP) and UDP-N-acetylglucosamine significantly increased the melting temperature of MtRv1421-NTD, which indicates structural stabilization through the binding of these ligands. Altogether, the results reveal that a UDP moiety may be required for the interaction of MtRv1421-NTD as a nucleotide-binding protein with its ligand. Full Article text
be A micro-beamstop with transmission detection by fluorescence for scanning-beam synchrotron scattering beamlines By journals.iucr.org Published On :: The correct determination of X-ray transmission at X-ray nanoprobes equipped with small beamstops for small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering collection is an unsolved problem with huge implications for data correction pipelines. We present a cost-effective solution to detect the transmission via the X-ray fluorescence of the beamstop with an avalanche photodiode. Full Article text
be Effect of thickness and noise on angular correlation analysis from scanning electron nanobeam diffraction of disordered carbon By journals.iucr.org Published On :: The impact of sample thickness and experimental noise on angular correlation analysis from scanning electron nanobeam diffraction patterns of disordered carbon are investigated and analyzed regarding the interpretability of the analysis results. Full Article text
be Crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis of bis(benzoylacetonato)(ethanol)dioxidouranium(VI) By journals.iucr.org Published On :: In the complex, the ligand binds to the metal through an oxygen atom. The geometry of the seven-coordinate U atom is pentagonal bipyramidal, with the uranyl O atoms in apical positions. Full Article text
be A micro-beamstop with transmission detection by fluorescence for scanning-beam synchrotron scattering beamlines By journals.iucr.org Published On :: 2024-10-29 Quantitative X-ray diffraction approaches require careful correction for sample transmission. Though this is a routine task at state-of-the-art small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), wide-angle X-ray scattering (WAXS) or diffraction beamlines at synchrotron facilities, the transmission signal cannot be recorded concurrently with SAXS/WAXS when using the small, sub-millimetre beamstops at many X-ray nanoprobes during SAXS/WAXS experiments due to the divergence-limited size of the beamstop and the generally tight geometry. This is detrimental to the data quality and often the only solution is to re-scan the sample with a PIN photodiode as a detector to obtain transmission values. In this manuscript, we present a simple yet effective solution to this problem in the form of a small beamstop with an inlaid metal target for optimal fluorescence yield. This fluorescence can be detected with a high-sensitivity avalanche photodiode and provides a linear counter to determine the sample transmission. Full Article text
be In situ/operando plug-flow fixed-bed cell for synchrotron PXRD and XAFS investigations at high temperature, pressure, controlled gas atmosphere and ultra-fast heating By journals.iucr.org Published On :: 2024-01-01 A plug-flow fixed-bed cell for synchrotron powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) idoneous for the study of heterogeneous catalysts at high temperature, pressure and under gas flow is designed, constructed and demonstrated. The operating conditions up to 1000°C and 50 bar are ensured by a set of mass flow controllers, pressure regulators and two infra-red lamps that constitute a robust and ultra-fast heating and cooling method. The performance of the system and cell for carbon dioxide hydrogenation reactions under specified temperatures, gas flows and pressures is demonstrated both for PXRD and XAFS at the P02.1 (PXRD) and the P64 (XAFS) beamlines of the Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron (DESY). Full Article text
be Treatment of multiple-beam X-ray diffraction in energy-dependent measurements By journals.iucr.org Published On :: 2024-01-01 During X-ray diffraction experiments on single crystals, the diffracted beam intensities may be affected by multiple-beam X-ray diffraction (MBD). This effect is particularly frequent at higher X-ray energies and for larger unit cells. The appearance of this so-called Renninger effect often impairs the interpretation of diffracted intensities. This applies in particular to energy spectra analysed in resonant experiments, since during scans of the incident photon energy these conditions are necessarily met for specific X-ray energies. This effect can be addressed by carefully avoiding multiple-beam reflection conditions at a given X-ray energy and a given position in reciprocal space. However, areas which are (nearly) free of MBD are not always available. This article presents a universal concept of data acquisition and post-processing for resonant X-ray diffraction experiments. Our concept facilitates the reliable determination of kinematic (MBD-free) resonant diffraction intensities even at relatively high energies which, in turn, enables the study of higher absorption edges. This way, the applicability of resonant diffraction, e.g. to reveal the local atomic and electronic structure or chemical environment, is extended for a vast majority of crystalline materials. The potential of this approach compared with conventional data reduction is demonstrated by the measurements of the Ta L3 edge of well studied lithium tantalate LiTaO3. Full Article text
be Protocol using similarity score and improved shrink-wrap algorithm for better convergence of phase-retrieval calculation in X-ray diffraction imaging By journals.iucr.org Published On :: 2024-01-01 In X-ray diffraction imaging (XDI), electron density maps of a targeted particle are reconstructed computationally from the diffraction pattern alone using phase-retrieval (PR) algorithms. However, the PR calculations sometimes fail to yield realistic electron density maps that approximate the structure of the particle. This occurs due to the absence of structure amplitudes at and near the zero-scattering angle and the presence of Poisson noise in weak diffraction patterns. Consequently, the PR calculation becomes a bottleneck for XDI structure analyses. Here, a protocol to efficiently yield realistic maps is proposed. The protocol is based on the empirical observation that realistic maps tend to yield low similarity scores, as suggested in our prior study [Sekiguchi et al. (2017), J. Synchrotron Rad. 24, 1024–1038]. Among independently and concurrently executed PR calculations, the protocol modifies all maps using the electron-density maps exhibiting low similarity scores. This approach, along with a new protocol for estimating particle shape, improved the probability of obtaining realistic maps for diffraction patterns from various aggregates of colloidal gold particles, as compared with PR calculations performed without the protocol. Consequently, the protocol has the potential to reduce computational costs in PR calculations and enable efficient XDI structure analysis of non-crystalline particles using synchrotron X-rays and X-ray free-electron laser pulses. Full Article text
be Combination of XEOL, TR-XEOL and HB-T interferometer at the TPS 23A X-ray nanoprobe for exploring quantum materials By journals.iucr.org Published On :: 2024-01-19 In this study, a combination of X-ray excited optical luminescence (XEOL), time-resolved XEOL (TR-XEOL) and the Hanbury-Brown and Twiss (HB-T) interferometer at the Taiwan Photon Source (TPS) 23A X-ray nanoprobe beamline for exploring quantum materials is demonstrated. On the basis of the excellent spatial resolution rendered using a nano-focused beam, emission distributions of artificial micro-diamonds can be obtained by XEOL maps, and featured emission peaks of a selected local area can be obtained by XEOL spectra. The hybrid bunch mode of the TPS not only provides a sufficiently high peak power density for experiments at each beamline but also permits high-quality temporal domain (∼200 ns) measurements for investigating luminescence dynamics. From TR-XEOL measurements, the decay lifetime of micro-diamonds is determined to be approximately 16 ns. Furthermore, the XEOL spectra of artificial micro-diamonds can be investigated by the HB-T interferometer to identify properties of single-photon sources. The unprecedented strategy of combining XEOL, TR-XEOL and the HB-T interferometer at the X-ray nanoprobe beamline will open new avenues with significant characterization abilities for unraveling the emission mechanisms of single-photon sources for quantum materials. Full Article text