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Examining Xinjiang: Past, present, and future

In recent months, media reports have described in detail the systematic nature of Chinese government directives to clamp down on ethnic Uighurs in Xinjiang. China’s actions in Xinjiang have generated international criticism from dozens of countries. The Chinese government has defended its policy, saying that it is necessary for ensuring social stability. What are the…

       




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Understanding China’s ‘preventive repression’ in Xinjiang

The Chinese Communist Party (CCP) crackdown on Uighur and other Muslim minorities in the Xinjiang Uighur Autonomous Region (XUAR) has attracted intense scrutiny and polarized the international community. At least 1 million people, maybe as many as 1.5 million, have been detained in a large network of recently constructed camps, where they undergo forced reeducation and political indoctrination.…

       




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Can taxing the rich reduce inequality? You bet it can!


Two recently posted papers by Brookings colleagues purport to show that “even a large increase in the top marginal rate would barely reduce inequality.”[1]  This conclusion, based on one commonly used measure of inequality, is an incomplete and misleading answer to the question posed: would a stand-alone increase in the top income tax bracket materially reduce inequality?  More importantly, it is the wrong question to pose, as a stand-alone increase in the top bracket rate would be bad tax policy that would exacerbate tax avoidance incentives.  Sensible tax policy would package that change with at least one other tax modification, and such a package would have an even more striking effect on income inequality.  In brief:

    • stand-alone increase in the top tax bracket would be bad tax policy, but it would meaningfully increase the degree to which the tax system reduces economic inequality.  It would have this effect even though it would fall on just ½ of 1 percent of all taxpayers and barely half of their income.
    • Tax policy significantly reduces inequality.  But transfer payments and other spending reduce it far more.  In combination, taxes and public spending materially offset the inequality generated by market income.
    • The revenue from a well-crafted increase in taxes on upper-income Americans, dedicated to a prudent expansions of public spending, would go far to counter the powerful forces that have made income inequality more extreme in the United States than in any other major developed economy.

[1] The quotation is from Peter R. Orszag, “Education and Taxes Can’t Reduce Inequality,” Bloomberg View, September 28, 2015 (at http://bv.ms/1KPJXtx). The two papers are William G. Gale, Melissa S. Kearney, and Peter R. Orszag, “Would a significant increase in the top income tax rate substantially alter income inequality?” September 28, 2015 (at http://brook.gs/1KK40IX) and “Raising the top tax rate would not do much to reduce overall income inequality–additional observations,” October 12, 2015 (at http://brook.gs/1WfXR2G). 

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Obama’s exit calculus on the peace process

One issue that has traditionally shared bipartisan support is how the United States should approach the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, write Sarah Yerkes and Ariella Platcha. However, this year both parties have shifted their positions farther from the center and from past Democratic and Republican platforms. How will that affect Obama’s strategy?

      
 
 




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Taxing capital income: Mark-to-market and other approaches

Given increased income and wealth inequality, much recent attention has been devoted to proposals to increase taxes on the wealthy (such as imposing a tax on accumulated wealth). Since capital income is highly skewed toward the ultra-wealthy, methods of increasing taxes on capital income provide alternative approaches for addressing inequality through the tax system. Marking…

       




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Mexico is a prop in President Trump’s political narrative

When it comes to his country’s relationship with Mexico, U.S. President Donald Trump has decided to take a position that is at once reckless and suicidal. Reckless, because he is single-handedly scuttling a bilateral relationship with a nation that is vital to the prosperity, security, and well-being of the U.S. Suicidal, because the punitive tariffs…

       




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There are no short cuts in resolving Mexico’s spiraling violence

A weak rule of law has been one of Mexico’s Achilles heels for a long time now, and the monopoly of violence by the state has been called into question there on several occasions since 2005 when organized crime started challenging the government of Vicente Fox. But at no point had it been put to…

       




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236 sq. ft. micro-apartment stacks & maximizes its interior up in Taipei

To make this small space more livable, there is an emphasis on filling out the vertical space. Plus, a great tatami-inspired seating area.




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Ozone Hinders Plants' Ability to Absorb Carbon Dioxide

Ozone — best known for filtering out harmful UV light as a component of the Earth's stratosphere — could dramatically reduce plants' ability to act as a carbon sink and thus cause further accumulation of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, according to




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Could Fixing the Ozone Layer's Hole Make Global Warming Worse?

Talk about a lose-lose situation: On one hand, not taking any action to repair the hole would allow harmful UV radiation to percolate through; on the other hand, helping to accelerate its recovery could strengthen global warming by




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Existing Ozone Controls Aren't Protecting Human Health or the Environment, Report Says

Image from NASA updated: As many noted, I (idiotically) cited the Montreal Protocol's success here, which has nothing to do with reducing tropospheric ozone -- rather, it has to do with fixing the ozone layer. Thank you commenters, and my apologies for




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Ocean Iron Fertilization Could Stimulate Toxic Algae Blooms in Open Ocean

There's no doubt that geoengineering brings out passionate emotions both pro and con, as recent debate on TreeHugger about the sort of-moratorium on some research coming out of the Convention on Biological Diversity




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Small city apartment maximized with clever cabinets & folding furniture (Video)

A small apartment is made to feel larger with custom cabinetry and more.




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Alexis Madrigal on Powering the Dream (Podcast)

Wind turbines, solar cells, wave power. If you think these are newfangled technologies, think again. They were fangled long ago, and their story is the meat of Alexis Madrigal's new book, Powering the Dream. Madrigal (a senior editor at The Atlantic and




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Wave Power to Prove Its Mettle with 30 Megawatts to be Built Off Mexico's Coast

Wave power is the oft-forgotten cousin of solar and wind power. It has huge potential, but it is not quite as far along as the better known sources of clean power, so it tends to be overlooked.




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Toxic chemical toy settlement reminds parents to remain vigilant

Be sure to dispose of these toys if they are in the attic, and know how to stay on top of product recalls




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Popular e-cigarettes tainted with toxic bacteria and fungus

If the harmful chemicals weren't bad enough, new research finds that many e-cigarettes also include unhealthy biological contaminants.




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The secret power of the flexitarian

The rise in not-quite-vegetarian eating has a ripple effect that shouldn't be ignored.




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GMO soybeans are bad for Mexico's beekeepers

Beekeepers in the Yucatan face a threat to their livelihoods as Europe rejects their products for GMO contamination.




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Susan Freinkel on Our Toxic Plastic Love Affair (Podcast)

It clogs our oceans and tampers with our bodies, yet without it, all modern life would skid to a stop. Susan Freinkel's new book, Plastic: A Toxic Love Story, explores the rise of plastic into ubiquity, hails it for its life-saving wonders, and explores




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Multipurpose building is a flexible wooden wonder

It is modern in appearance yet traditional in operations




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Perkins + Will's Seattle office is designed to be toxin-free

Which really, is how every building and office should be designed.




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Toxic Sludge Floods Hungarian Villages, Killing Two

It sounds like a plot-line from a bad 1950's sci-fi movie, but unfortunately there's nothing fiction about it. Several towns in western Hungary were flooded today with a toxic red sludge after the waste product from




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Toxic Waste Lagoons Bursting: The Intersection Of Climate Change & Inadequate Design

Wastewater or sludge storage lagoons are designed, in part, based on statistical probability of annual precipitation and evaporation amounts. The data behind these estimates generally don't take into account contemporary




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The Week in Pictures: Toxic Industrial Sludge Covers Hungarian Villages, Solar Panels on the White House, and More (Slideshow)

A state of emergency has been declared in Hungary where four people are dead, 120 injured and six missing as torrents of red toxic sludge, the byproduct of bauxite refining for aluminum, burst from a containment pond and poured through six villages in




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EPA surprise: Agency seeks to cancel approval of toxic pesticide

And the company that makes the chemical, Bayer CropScience, refuses to agree.




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Ecorazzi on DiCaprio + Van Jones, Worldchanging Interviews Wangari Maathai, Chevron Toxico, and More

Chevron Toxico: Chevron Produces Phony Online News Coverage to Spread Misinformation about Ecuador Disaster "To promote a misinformation campaign about its role in the oil contamination of a pristine area of the rainforest in Ecuador, Chevron recently




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Teenager invents faster way to clean up toxic tar sands waste using sand and bacteria

The breakthrough also scored 18-year-old Hayley Todesco a Google Science Fair Award.




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Today is Boxing Day, a great idea that turned into wretched excess

Most of the english speaking world has the day off today, in what started as a tradition of helping and sharing, and ended up at the mall.




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Small Hong Kong apartment uses low-tech ideas to maximize space

No high-tech bells and whistles here, but tried-and-true strategies are used in this renovation to make a small space feel much bigger.




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Guinness goes vegan by nixing the fish bits

The Irish beer giant has stopped using fish bladders for filtration of its keg beer; cans and bottles to follow suit by the end of the year.




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French startup will put 'flying' electric water taxis to work in Paris

It's like Uber for 'flying' water cars, with an über-cute name: SeaBubbles.




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Luxury and "Eco" Try to Co-Exist at Cacao Pearl's Philippine Resort

Every developer worth his or her weight in white beach sand is vying to be able to proclaim his or her resort the first or best or truest eco-resort.




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Artist & engineer team up to create paints made out of environmental toxins (Video)

Toxins leached out of old coal mines in the American Rust Belt are converted into custom paints.




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Make this non-toxic spray to keep ants out of your kitchen

A mixture of leftover citrus rinds and vinegar is an easy, food-safe way to cut ants off at the pass.




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Boxy building minimizes surface, maximizes air and stairs

Sweden shows how to build comfortable apartments for families, and stairs that people want to use.




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Waste Biomass Charcoal is Solution to Toxic Fertilizers, Says Kickstarter Project (Interview)

Jason Aramburu is trying to revolutionize how we garden by expanding the production of "Black Revolution" biochar, a soil-less growing medium made from farm waste.




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This is the world's most relaxing song

Researchers found that listening to the song was as good as midazolam in relieving anxiety before regional anaesthesia.




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Flexible device harvests body heat to power wearable electronics

The material can also heal itself to keep medical devices running indefinitely.




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Why Ground Source Heat Pumps should not be called Geothermal, Chapter CLXXI

When even so-called experts don't know the difference, you must admit we have a problem here.




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There are toxic 'little monsters' lurking in your children's new clothes

Join the DETOX campaign to pressure the fashion industry to stop exposing our kids to hazardous chemicals and contaminating waterways.




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How toxic is your new raincoat? Greenpeace can tell you

Greenpeace has taken some of the most popular outdoor gear to a lab in order to measure concentration of PFCs. What it found is disturbing.




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This anxiety-reducing technique works better for poor people than rich people

Scientists examine two strategies to reduce anxiety.




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'Mushroom Death Suit' Could Remediate Bodily Toxins With Specially-Trained Mushrooms (Video)

Using mushrooms to challenge our unhealthy obsession with "body preservation," artist Jae Rhim Lee fabricates a suit that will remediate environmental toxins from dead bodies.




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Mass renovation project halves energy use of existing homes

What if we declared climate change a crisis and put some serious resources to this type of initiative?




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Electrify Everything: Why our thinking has to be as flexible and resilient as our buildings

It is hard keeping up with the latest ideas in green building, but things are changing fast.




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Witches are hexing Brett Kavanaugh

Witches are holding events to publically curse the guy.




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Will driverless taxis kill public transit?

In Ottawa, Canada, self-driving cars are being touted as a reason to delay transit investment.




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All of Existence Should Be Revered: Hinduism & The Environment

Hinduism is the oldest




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Hard Brexit: Northern Ireland may need thousands of generator barges to keep the lights on

It turns out leaving the EU is quite hard. Who knew?