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Infant behavioral inhibition predicts personality and social outcomes three decades later [Anthropology]

Does infant temperament predict adult personality and life-course patterns? To date, there is scant evidence examining relations between child temperament and adult outcomes, and extant research has relied on limited methods for measuring temperament such as maternal report. This prospective longitudinal study followed a cohort of infants (n = 165)...




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Inhibition of the polyamine synthesis enzyme ornithine decarboxylase sensitizes triple-negative breast cancer cells to cytotoxic chemotherapy [Molecular Bases of Disease]

Treatment of patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is limited by a lack of effective molecular therapies targeting this disease. Recent studies have identified metabolic alterations in cancer cells that can be targeted to improve responses to standard-of-care chemotherapy regimens. Using MDA-MB-468 and SUM-159PT TNBC cells, along with LC-MS/MS and HPLC metabolomics profiling, we found here that exposure of TNBC cells to the cytotoxic chemotherapy drugs cisplatin and doxorubicin alter arginine and polyamine metabolites. This alteration was because of a reduction in the levels and activity of a rate-limiting polyamine biosynthetic enzyme, ornithine decarboxylase (ODC). Using gene silencing and inhibitor treatments, we determined that the reduction in ODC was mediated by its negative regulator antizyme, targeting ODC to the proteasome for degradation. Treatment with the ODC inhibitor difluoromethylornithine (DFMO) sensitized TNBC cells to chemotherapy, but this was not observed in receptor-positive breast cancer cells. Moreover, TNBC cell lines had greater sensitivity to single-agent DFMO, and ODC levels were elevated in TNBC patient samples. The alterations in polyamine metabolism in response to chemotherapy, as well as DFMO-induced preferential sensitization of TNBC cells to chemotherapy, reported here suggest that ODC may be a targetable metabolic vulnerability in TNBC.




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Markers of Early Life Infection in Relation to Adult Diabetes: Prospective Evidence From a National Birth Cohort Study Over Four Decades




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Retro computers reveal three decades of technological evolution

In a new photography book, the home computer revolution of the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s is told through nostalgic industrial-design images




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Driverless cars and the other biggest sci and tech fails of the decade

Whether it was driverless cars, lab-grown meat or faster-than-light neutrinos, some things just didn't live up to the hype in the 2010s




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These Are the Decade’s Biggest Discoveries in Human Evolution

Celebrate the tenth anniversary of the Smithsonian's "David H. Koch Hall of Human Origins" with some of the biggest discoveries in human evolution




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South Korea sees highest election turnout in almost three decades despite being held amid coronavirus crisis

The ruling Democratic Party and a satellite party it created to win proportional representative seats combined to win 180 seats in the 300-seat National Assembly, election officials on Thursday.




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'Fat and happy, that's my motto:' Scott Conant dishes up decadence at USA TODAY Wine & Food Experience in Chicago

From creamy gnudi to champagne macarons, the dishes at USA TODAY's Wine & Food Experience in Chicago didn't disappoint.

      




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Richard and Judy to return to Channel 4 after more than a decade for new series

The beloved presenting duo will film the series, called Keep Reading and Carry On, in their own homes




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Designer Destinations: ALINKA designer on St. Petersburg's old world decadence and where to find the best view of the Mediterranean

On the launch of the new collection, AMALFI, we chat to ALINKA's designer about her love of the namesake Italian coastline




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Barcelona face 'economic bankruptcy and moral decay' amid board chaos, says presidential candidate Victor Font

Barcelona presidential candidate Victor Font believes the Catalan club could face "economic bankruptcy and moral decay" under the current board.




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20 footballers primed to be the best of the decade

The new decade of football is on lockdown after the coronavirus pandemic brought the sport to standstill.




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Arsenal best XI: Build the Gunners' greatest team from across the decades

A wave of football nostalgia has filled the schedules of late in the absence of live matches caused by coronavirus.




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Chelsea best XI: Build the Blues' greatest team from across the decades

Best XI debates have become a familiar sight on social media during English football's coronavirus-enforced shutdown.




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Liverpool best XI: Build the Reds' greatest team from across the decades

With professional football in England still suspended indefinitely due to the Covid-19 crisis, supporters across the country have turned to footballing nostalgia for entertainment.




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West Ham best XI: Build the Hammers' greatest team from across the decades

With the Premier League still waiting to return amid the Covid-19 crisis, fans across the country have been treated to plenty of nostalgia to keep them going during football's absence.




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Tottenham best XI: Build Spurs' greatest team from across the decades

With Premier League football yet to return amid the Covid-19 crisis, supporters have been treated to plenty of nostalgia to keep them going during the game's shutdown.




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Manchester United best XI: Build the Red Devils' greatest team from across the decades

With the Premier League still on hold amid the coronavirus pandemic, fans have been treated to plenty of nostalgia to keep them going during football's hiatus.




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Crystal Palace best XI: Build the Eagles' greatest team from across the decades

With the Premier League still waiting to return amid the Covid-19 crisis, supporters across the country have been treated to plenty of nostalgia to keep them going during the game's shutdown.




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Manchester City best XI: Build the club's greatest team from across the decades

Fans across the country have turned their attention to footballing nostalgia with the Premier League suspended indefinitely due to the Covid-19 crisis.




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Britain has faced its toughest test for decades, but we will build a better tomorrow'

Vital lessons about our mutual dependence will help us emerge stronger from the pandemic

If ever a crisis proved that our fates are bound together, it has been the last six weeks. The state has asked many businesses to stand idle to save lives, firms have turned to the state as their guarantor of survival and workers have risked their lives for us all. When we have faced our toughest test for decades as a nation, it has been essential to pull together.

Yet we are only at the beginning of the need to recognise the mutual dependence between public and private sectors and our collective solidarity.

Continue reading...




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How the Lakers rebuilt a champion more than a decade ago

How the Lakers rebuilt from their three-peat era after dispatching Shaquille O'Neal, losing in the 2004 Finals and retaining Kobe Bryant.




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UN predicts extreme weather after hottest decade on record

The United Nations is warning hotter temperatures will influence extreme weather conditions this year and into the future.




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Brent oil futures drop to near two-decade low amid falling demand and storage woes

With the world experiencing "the biggest supply and demand disparity in history", benchmark Brent oil futures fall to their lowest level since November 2001.




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Scientists discover microplastics in decade-old Antarctic ice core sample

Researchers melt an ice core taken from Antarctica 10 years ago and find dozens of microplastic particles, including polyethylene used to make plastic bags.




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Buju Banton calls new single with John Legend ‘special’ a decade after first collaboration


Reggae king Buju Banton and R&B star John Legend released the easygoing love song “Memories” on Friday.




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Pensioner accused of decade-long fraud

A DISABILITY support pensioner accused of ripping off Centrelink for $90,000 by claiming her long-term boyfriend was a housemate has pleaded not guilty to fraud charges.




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Biden denies allegation of sexual assault decades ago

After trying to remain silent, the presumptive Democratic presidential nominee says the allegation of an assault dating to the 1990s 'isn't true.'




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FDA AMENDS THE DEFINITION OF “BIOLOGICAL PRODUCT” AND PREPARES FOR THE CONCLUSION OF A DECADE-LONG TRANSITION PERIOD

By Jennifer A. Davidson and Justine E. Johnson On February 21, 2020, FDA published a final rule that, effective March 23, 2020, amends the regulatory definition of “biological product” consistent with the statutory definition under the Biologics Price Competition and Innovation Act of 2009 (BPCIA), as amended by the Further Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2020 (FCAA),

The post FDA AMENDS THE DEFINITION OF “BIOLOGICAL PRODUCT” AND PREPARES FOR THE CONCLUSION OF A DECADE-LONG TRANSITION PERIOD appeared first on Kleinfeld Kaplan & Becker LLP.




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Massachusetts Businessman Pleads Guilty to Multiple Frauds and Tax Evasion Over More Than a Decade

A former Pittsfield, Mass., man pleaded guilty today in federal court in Boston to his role in a series of frauds and attempts to avoid paying taxes over more than a decade, as well as lying to federal authorities and financial institutions about his illegal activities.



  • OPA Press Releases

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International Competition Network Presents Vision for Its Second Decade

At its 10th annual conference in The Hague, the Netherlands, the International Competition Network (ICN) adopted new materials on how to assess market dominance, resolve cartel cases and manage competition projects effectively.



  • OPA Press Releases

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Just a Decade Later, DEA Reopens Comment Period for Electronic Prescriptions for Controlled Substances

By Karla L. Palmer




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Southeast Asian auto sales sink 40% for largest drop in a decade




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Unmasking the Tully Monster: fossils help to tackle a decades-old mystery




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Who gained from global growth last decade—and who will benefit by 2030?

Around the world, household final consumption expenditure rose by $18.2 trillion in 2011 PPP terms between 2010 and 2020, from $46.5 trillion to $64.8 trillion. This growth, averaging about 3.3 percent per year, was the same as the average growth over the previous forty years—a bit better than growth in the first decade of this…

       




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The Islamic Republic of Iran four decades on: The 2017/18 protests amid a triple crisis

Throughout its tumultuous four decades of rule, the Islamic Republic has shown remarkable longevity, despite regular predictions of its im- pending demise. However, the fact that it has largely failed to deliver on the promises of the 1979 revolution, above all democracy and social justice, continues to haunt its present and future. Iran’s post-revolutionary history…

       




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Four Charts Explaining Latin America’s Decade of Development-less Growth


Editor’s Note: In the report “Think Tank 20: Growth, Convergence and Income Distribution: The Road from the Brisbane G-20 Summit” experts from Brookings and around the world address interrelated debates about growth, convergence and income distribution, three key elements that are likely to shape policy debates beyond the ninth G-20 summit that was held on November 15-16 in Brisbane, Australia. The content of this blog is based on the chapter on Latin America. Read the full brief on Latin America's growth trends here.

A figure says a thousand words. And, looking at Figure 1, which shows the population-weighted average income per capita in emerging economies relative to the U.S., there could be no doubt in anybody’s mind that since the late 1990s something rather extraordinary happened—a phenomenon with no antecedents in the post-WWII period—that propelled emerging economies into an exponential process of convergence.

Needless to say, this phenomenon had enormous consequences for the welfare of millions of citizens in emerging economies. It lifted more than 500 million people out from poverty and extreme poverty, and gave rise to the so-called emerging middle class that grew at a rate of 150 million per year.

So, it seems that something rather extraordinary happened in emerging economies. Or did it? Let’s look again. When China and India are removed from the emerging markets sample, Figure 1 becomes Figure 2a.

In Figure 2a, one can still discern a period of convergence starting in the late 1990s. But convergence here was not nearly as strong—relative income is still far below its previous heights—and it occurred after a period of divergence that started in the mid-1970s after the first oil shock, in the early 1980s with the debt crisis, and in the late 1980s with post-Berlin Wall meltdown in Eastern European economies.

This pattern is actually characteristic of every emerging region including Latin America (see Figure 2b). Only Asia differs markedly from this pattern—with China and India displaying exponential convergence since the late 1990s, while the rest of emerging Asia experienced a sustained but much slower convergence since the mid-1960s. 

From a Latin American perspective, the relevant question we need to ask is whether the recent bout of convergence that started in 2004 after a quarter of a century of relative income decline is a break with the past or just a short-lived phenomenon?

In order to address this question from a Latin American perspective, we study the arithmetic of convergence (i.e., whether mechanical projections are consistent with the convergence hypothesis) and the economics of convergence (i.e., whether income convergence was associated with a comparable convergence in the drivers of growth).

According to our definition of convergence,[1] since 1950, growth-convergence-development miracles represent a tiny fraction of emerging countries. Only five countries managed to achieve this: Japan, South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong and Singapore. In other words, convergence towards income per capita levels of rich countries is an extremely rare event.

But where does Latin America stand? Based on growth projections for the period 2014-2018, not a single Latin American country will converge to two-thirds of U.S. income per capita in two generations. Unfortunately, the arithmetic does not seem to be on the side of the region.

What about the economics? To answer this question, we analyze whether Latin America’s process of income convergence in the last decade was also associated with a similar convergence in the key drivers of growth: trade integration, physical and technological infrastructure, human capital, innovation, and the quality of public services. Figure 3 illustrates the results.

In contrast to relative income, during the last decade, LAC-7 [2] countries failed to converge towards advanced country levels in every growth driver. The overall index of growth drivers—the simple average of the five sub-indexes—remained unchanged in the last decade relative to the equivalent index for advanced economies. By and large, the latter holds true for every LAC-7 country with exceptions like Colombia (the only country that improved in every single growth driver in the last decade) and Chile (the country in the region where the levels of growth drivers are closer to those of advanced economies). 

Latin America had a decade of uninterrupted high growth rates—with the sole exception of 2009 in the aftermath of the Lehman crisis—that put an end to a quarter of a century of relative decline in income per capita levels vis-à-vis advanced economies. However, high growth and income convergence were largely the result of an unusually favorable external environment, rather than the result of convergence to advanced-country levels in the key drivers of growth. Fundamentally, the last was a decade of “development-less growth” in Latin America.

With the extremely favorable external conditions already behind us, the region is expected to grow at mediocre rates of around 2 percent in per capita terms for the foreseeable future. With this level of growth, the dream of convergence and development is unlikely to be realized any time soon.

To avoid such a fate the region must make a renewed effort of economic transformation. Although the challenges ahead appear to be huge, there is plenty of room for optimism. First, Latin America has built a sound platform to launch a process of development. Democracy has by-and-large consolidated across the region, and an entire generation has now grown up to see an election as the only legitimate way to select national leaders. Moreover, it is for the most part a relatively stable region with no armed conflicts and few insurgency movements threatening the authority of the state. Second, a sizeable group of major countries in Latin America have a long track record of sound macroeconomic performance by now. Third, the region could be just steps away from major economic integration. Most Latin American countries in the Pacific Coast have bilateral free trade agreements with their North American neighbors (11 countries with the U.S. and seven countries with Canada). Were these countries to harmonize current bilateral trade agreements among themselves—in the way Pacific Alliance members have been doing—a huge economic space would be born: a Trans-American Partnership that would comprise 620 million consumers, and have a combined GDP of more than $22 trillion (larger than the EU’s, and more than double that of China). Were such a partnership on the Pacific side of the Americas to gain traction, it could eventually be extended to Atlantic partners, in particular Brazil and other Mercosur countries.

In the last quarter of a century democracy, sound macroeconomic management and an outward-looking development strategy made substantial strides in the region. If these conquests are consolidated and the same kind of progress is achieved in key development drivers in the next 25 years, many countries in the region could be on the road to convergence.


[1] We define convergence as a process whereby a country’s income per capita starts at or below one-third of U.S. income per capita at any point in time since 1950, and rises to or above two-thirds of U.S. income per capita.

[2] LAC-7 is the simple average of Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico, Peru and Venezuela, which account for 93 percent of Latin America’s GDP.

Authors

  • Ernesto Talvi
  • Santiago García da Rosa
  • Rafael Guntin
  • Rafael Xavier
  • Federico Ganz
  • Mercedes Cejas
  • Julia Ruiz Pozuelo
      
 
 




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Mexico needs better law enforcement, but the solution isn’t opportunistic decapitation

Over the past several weeks, the AMLO administration appears to have quietly reinitiated targeting drug traffickers, at least to some extent. Systematically going after drug trafficking and criminal organizations is important, necessary, and correct. But how the effort against criminal groups is designed matters tremendously. Merely returning to opportunistic, non-strategic high-value targeting of top traffickers…

       




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Mexico needs better law enforcement, but the solution isn’t opportunistic decapitation

Over the past several weeks, the AMLO administration appears to have quietly reinitiated targeting drug traffickers, at least to some extent. Systematically going after drug trafficking and criminal organizations is important, necessary, and correct. But how the effort against criminal groups is designed matters tremendously. Merely returning to opportunistic, non-strategic high-value targeting of top traffickers…

       




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A once-in-a-century pandemic collides with a once-in-a-decade census

Amid the many plans and projects that have been set awry by the rampage of COVID-19, spare a thought for the world’s census takers. For the small community of demographers and statisticians that staff national statistical offices, 2020—now likely forever associated with coronavirus—was meant to be something else entirely: the peak year of the decennial…

       




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A once-in-a-century pandemic collides with a once-in-a-decade census

Amid the many plans and projects that have been set awry by the rampage of COVID-19, spare a thought for the world’s census takers. For the small community of demographers and statisticians that staff national statistical offices, 2020—now likely forever associated with coronavirus—was meant to be something else entirely: the peak year of the decennial…

       




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The Islamic Republic of Iran four decades on: The 2017/18 protests amid a triple crisis

Throughout its tumultuous four decades of rule, the Islamic Republic has shown remarkable longevity, despite regular predictions of its im- pending demise. However, the fact that it has largely failed to deliver on the promises of the 1979 revolution, above all democracy and social justice, continues to haunt its present and future. Iran’s post-revolutionary history…

       




deca

A once-in-a-century pandemic collides with a once-in-a-decade census

Amid the many plans and projects that have been set awry by the rampage of COVID-19, spare a thought for the world’s census takers. For the small community of demographers and statisticians that staff national statistical offices, 2020—now likely forever associated with coronavirus—was meant to be something else entirely: the peak year of the decennial…

       




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A once-in-a-century pandemic collides with a once-in-a-decade census

Amid the many plans and projects that have been set awry by the rampage of COVID-19, spare a thought for the world’s census takers. For the small community of demographers and statisticians that staff national statistical offices, 2020—now likely forever associated with coronavirus—was meant to be something else entirely: the peak year of the decennial…

       




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A once-in-a-century pandemic collides with a once-in-a-decade census

Amid the many plans and projects that have been set awry by the rampage of COVID-19, spare a thought for the world’s census takers. For the small community of demographers and statisticians that staff national statistical offices, 2020—now likely forever associated with coronavirus—was meant to be something else entirely: the peak year of the decennial…

       




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Does decarbonization mean de-coalification? Discussing carbon reduction policies

In September, the Energy Security and Climate Initiative (ESCI) at Brookings held the third meeting of its Coal Task Force (CTF), during which participants discussed the dynamics of three carbon policy instruments: performance standards, cap and trade, and a carbon tax. The dialogue revolved around lessons learned from implementing these policy mechanisms, especially as they…

       




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A Climate Agreement for the Decades

With thirteen months to go until the climate negotiations in Paris in December 2015, there are signals for optimism of where global negotiations might lead. During her speech at Brookings on October 16th, French ambassador for climate negotiations Laurence Tubiana emphasized a multi-actor, multi-level approach to governing climate change. After her remarks, US Special Envoy for…

       




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Artist Decapitates Recycled Stuffed Toys to Make Stunning, Psychedelic Rugs

Don't let artist Agustina Woodgate -- who says stuffing is "like looking into the soul" -- near your favourite stuffed teddy bear.




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Why rapid decarbonization is the only choice we have

The longer we wait, the more expensive (and dangerous) it gets.




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Electrification is not enough: Decarbonizing transport requires a systems approach

Lloyd Alter would be so proud.