At-wavelength metrology of X-ray optics plays a crucial role in evaluating the performance of optics under actual beamline operating conditions, enabling in situ diagnostics and optimization. Techniques utilizing a wavefront random modulator have gained increasing attention in recent years. However, accurately mapping the measured wavefront slope to a curved X-ray mirror surface when the modulator is downstream of the mirror has posed a challenge. To address this problem, an iterative method has been developed in this study. The results demonstrate a significant improvement compared with conventional approaches and agree with offline measurements obtained from optical metrology. We believe that the proposed method enhances the accuracy of at-wavelength metrology techniques, and empowers them to play a greater role in beamline operation and optics fabrication.

A new study in the Peruvian Amazon shows that the assumption that distance lowers risk from mercury contamination doesn’t hold up.

The post Gold mining with mercury poses health threats for miles downstream appeared first on GeoSpace.

Rituals, the wellbeing beauty brand, has selected RELEX Solutions, provider of unified supply chain and retail planning solutions to deliver comprehensive, end-to-end supply chain optimisation capabilities.

Akemi Kakino
Nov 3, 2020; 0:jlr.RA120000767v1-jlr.RA120000767
Research Articles

Adiponectin, an adipocyte-derived protein, has anti-atherogenic and anti-diabetic effects, but how it confers the anti-atherogenic effects is not well understood. To study the anti-atherogenic mechanisms of adiponectin, we examined whether it interacts with atherogenic low-density lipoprotein (LDL) to attenuate LDL’s atherogenicity. L5, the most electronegative subfraction of LDL, induces atherogenic responses similarly to copper-oxidized LDL (oxLDL). Unlike native LDL endocytosed via the LDL receptor, L5 and oxLDL are internalized by cells via the lectin-like oxidized LDL receptor-1 (LOX-1). Using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs), we showed that adiponectin preferentially bound oxLDL but not native LDL. In Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells transfected with LOX-1 or LDL receptor, adiponectin selectively inhibited the uptake of oxLDL but not of native LDL, respectively. Furthermore, adiponectin suppressed the internalization of oxLDL in human coronary artery endothelial cells (HCAECs) and THP-1–derived macrophages. Western blot analysis of human plasma showed that adiponectin was abundant in L5 but not in L1, the least electronegative subfraction of LDL. Sandwich ELISAs with anti-adiponectin and anti–apolipoprotein B antibodies confirmed the binding of adiponectin to L5 and oxLDL. In LOX-1–expressing CHO cells, adiponectin inhibited cellular responses to oxLDL and L5, including nuclear factor-B activation and ERK phosphorylation. In HCAECs, adiponectin inhibited oxLDL-induced endothelin-1 secretion and ERK phosphorylation. Conversely, oxLDL suppressed the adiponectin-induced activation of adenosine monophosphate–activated protein kinase in COS-7 cells expressing adiponectin receptor AdipoR1. Our findings suggest that adiponectin binds and inactivates atherogenic LDL, providing novel insight into the anti-atherogenic mechanisms of adiponectin.

VOLUME 289 (2014) PAGES 6604–6618In Fig. 4G, in the foxi1 panel, the images in Fig. 4G, i and l, corresponding to “smad1 MO” and “smad5 MO + samd1/9 mRNA” samples, respectively, were inadvertently reused during figure preparation. This error has now been corrected using images pertaining to each treatment and sample. This correction does not affect the results or conclusions of the work.jbc;295/52/18650/F4F1F4Figure 4G.

Expansion in processing of nickel, coal and bauxite in Indonesia will increase demand for Australian METS.

COPD and asthma are two of the most common chronic lung diseases, affecting over 545 million people globally and 34 million in the United States. Annual health care costs related to chronic lung disease are estimated at €380 billion in the European Union, and $24–$50 billion in the United States averaging to $4,000 in out-of-pocket costs per person in the U.S. A full-text literature search was conducted for English publications between January 1, 2005–March 18, 2024. It returned over 5,000 publications that were further narrowed using key search words, resulting in 172 peer-reviewed articles. Using their experience and subject expertise, the authors further narrowed the peer-reviewed articles to 55 that were in their opinion relevant. Also, 38 recently published industry reports and news articles specific to downstream effects of inhaler market changes and the future impact were included. The literature suggests that individuals with chronic lung disease face increased challenges with access to inhaled medication due to rising medication costs, discontinuation of branded medications, introduction of generic medications not covered by insurance, exclusionary preferred drug list tactics that force health care providers into non-medical switching of medication or devices, and ongoing medication shortages. Providers experience ongoing hurdles in prescribing appropriate inhaled medications for individuals with chronic lung disease, including increased time and costs spent on administrative tasks due to inhaler denials, a loss of patient trust, and limits on their ability to prescribe appropriate inhaled medication for individuals with chronic lung disease.

National Bureau of Economic Research

National Bureau of Economic Research

PPSL will now resubmit application with RBI for Payment Aggregator licence

The Nilgiris district administration said that owing to work on the new Kundah hydro power house in Kattukuppai, water stored in the Emerald Dam will be released

Local young people are leaving the wetlands for jobs in cities partly because the Dead Zone is eradicating the Gulf of Mexico’s shrimp supplies.

Method of extracting syngas between the zone in a furnace where oxygen-starved combustion of biomass occurs and the zone in the furnace where secondary air is added to complete combustion, conditioning and cleaning the extracted syngas, and delivering it in a metered amount to the oxidizer or upstream of the oxidizer to reduce or eliminate the need for additional fossil fuels once the oxidizer has achieved its operating temperature. The gasifier or furnace burns solid waste and produces a syngas containing relatively high levels of CO, which is extracted from the furnace, conditioned, and introduced into an RTO as a fuel source. In certain embodiments, no extraction of syngas from the furnace takes place; the furnace conditions are manipulated so that normally undesirable levels of CO and other VOC's remain in the process stream. The heat from the furnace is used as intended (e.g., to heat a dryer), the stream is conditioned, and ultimately proceeds to a downstream RTO. Since the gas stream remains rich in CO and VOC's, its fuel value in the RTO is substantially higher than otherwise would be the case.

A water heater system comprises a water tank, a burner plenum, a flue, a blower, a combustion air passageway, a dilution air passageway, an upstream manifold, and a downstream manifold. The upstream manifold divides air from the blower so that some air flows through the combustion air passageway to the burner plenum and some air flows through the dilution air passageway to the downstream manifold. The downstream manifold combines the air from the dilution air passageway with combustion products from the flue.

An apparatus is provided that includes a processor, a memory controller coupled to the processor to provide access to a system memory, and an interface controller to communicate with an endpoint device. The interface controller is coupled to the processor and configured to access a register of the endpoint device, the register to be mapped into a memory space of the system, the register to store a service latency tolerance value of the endpoint device. The endpoint device has a service latency tolerance value for a first state and a service latency tolerance value for a second state. The service latency tolerance value for the first state is greater than the service latency tolerance value for the second state.

Outback Queensland towns are celebrating after much-needed rain, but the effects may not flow on downstream.

ABSTRACT

Reversible repression of HIV-1 5' long terminal repeat (5'-LTR)-mediated transcription represents the main mechanism for HIV-1 to maintain latency. Identification of host factors that modulate LTR activity and viral latency may help develop new antiretroviral therapies. The heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs) are known to regulate gene expression and possess multiple physiological functions. hnRNP family members have recently been identified as the sensors for viral nucleic acids to induce antiviral responses, highlighting the crucial roles of hnRNPs in regulating viral infection. A member of the hnRNP family, X-linked RNA-binding motif protein (RBMX), has been identified in this study as a novel HIV-1 restriction factor that modulates HIV-1 5'-LTR-driven transcription of viral genome in CD4⁺ T cells. Mechanistically, RBMX binds to HIV-1 proviral DNA at the LTR downstream region and maintains the repressive trimethylation of histone H3 lysine 9 (H3K9me3), leading to a blockage of the recruitment of the positive transcription factor phosphorylated RNA polymerase II (RNA pol II) and consequential impediment of transcription elongation. This RBMX-mediated modulation of HIV-1 transcription maintains viral latency by inhibiting viral reactivation from an integrated proviral DNA. Our findings provide a new understanding of how host factors modulate HIV-1 infection and latency and suggest a potential new target for the development of HIV-1 therapies.

IMPORTANCE HIV-1 latency featuring silence of transcription from HIV-1 proviral DNA represents a major obstacle for HIV-1 eradication. Reversible repression of HIV-1 5'-LTR-mediated transcription represents the main mechanism for HIV-1 to maintain latency. The 5'-LTR-driven HIV gene transcription can be modulated by multiple host factors and mechanisms. The hnRNPs are known to regulate gene expression. A member of the hnRNP family, RBMX, has been identified in this study as a novel HIV-1 restriction factor that modulates HIV-1 5'-LTR-driven transcription of viral genome in CD4⁺ T cells and maintains viral latency. These findings provide a new understanding of how host factors modulate HIV-1 infection and latency and suggest a potential new target for the development of HIV-1 therapies.

When Governor Sonny Perdue of the US State of Georgia filed a legal complaint and then formally asked for the support of the Bush Administration to force the US Army Corps of Engineers to stop releasing water from Atlanta's Lake Lanier, perhaps he did

This document presents the new 2013 set of the OECD Regulatory Impact (REGIMPACT) indicator. It measures the impact of regulatory barriers to competition in non-manufacturing sectors on all industries, through intermediate inputs.

Online Resource

Online Resource