Wolfe, S A; O'Neill, H B; Duchesne, C; Froese, D; Young, J M; Kokelj, S V. Geological Survey of Canada, Scientific Presentation 134, 2022, 1 sheet, https://doi.org/10.4095/329668
<a href="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/gid_329668.jpg"><img src="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/gid_329668.jpg" title="Geological Survey of Canada, Scientific Presentation 134, 2022, 1 sheet, https://doi.org/10.4095/329668" height="150" border="1" /></a>

See her Tuesday in Portland at Jack London Revue. by Dave Segal

Recording for Flying Lotus's Brainfeeder label, Salami Rose Joe Louis (Lindsay Olsen) has blazed a distinctive trail in that fertile sector of California's underground where electronic music and jazz converge. On early releases by this multi-instrumentalist and producer—such as 2019's Zdenka 2080—Olsen sings in a hushed, dulcet manner over sparse, melodious electronic music that wears its jazz inflections gracefully. Faint echoes of '90s and '00s introspective, minimalist IDM (intelligent dance music, if you don't know) acts such as Múm insinuate themselves, too. It's ultimately dream pop, but not in the cloying way manifested by the genre's try-hards.

With 2023's Akousmatikous and this year's collab with Flanafi, Sarah, SRJL's rhythms get jazzier and the instrumentation fuller, with help from Soccer96 and Miguel Atwood-Ferguson, among others. The songs are more kinetic while the vocals retain their breathy, Julee Cruise-like sweetness. The music's levitational feel and smooth propulsion belie lyrics about catastrophic ecological degradation and the dangers of propaganda/disinformation. Enchanting listeners through understatement and mutedly sparkling tones, Olsen offers the most pleasant dystopian sci-fi soundtracks extant. At Jack London Revue she'll be joined by guitarist Flanafi, bassist Tone Whitfield, and drummer Luke Titus—most of whom played on the exceptional new Salami Live at 2131 North Kacey Street EP.

<a href="https://salamirosejoelouismusic.bandcamp.com/album/salami-live-at-2131-north-kacey-street">Salami Live at 2131 North Kacey Street by Salami Rose Joe Louis featuring Flanafi, Tone Whitfield, Nazir Ebo</a>

Soul'd Out Presents Salami Rose Joe Louis at Jack London Revue, 529 SW 4th, Tues Nov 13, 8 pm, tables for 4-6 persons available from $140-$210, tickets here, 21+ w/ Omari Jazz

Although COF-300 is often used as an example to study the synthesis and structure of (3D) covalent organic frameworks (COFs), knowledge of the underlying synthetic processes is still fragmented. Here, an optimized synthetic procedure based on a combination of linker protection and modulation was applied. Using this approach, the influence of time and temperature on the synthesis of COF-300 was studied. Synthesis times that were too short produced materials with limited crystallinity and porosity, lacking the typical pore flexibility associated with COF-300. On the other hand, synthesis times that were too long could be characterized by loss of crystallinity and pore order by degradation of the tetrakis(4-aminophenyl)methane (TAM) linker used. The presence of the degradation product was confirmed by visual inspection, Raman spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). As TAM is by far the most popular linker for the synthesis of 3D COFs, this degradation process might be one of the reasons why the development of 3D COFs is still lagging compared with 2D COFs. However, COF crystals obtained via an optimized procedure could be structurally probed using 3D electron diffraction (3DED). The 3DED analysis resulted in a full structure determination of COF-300 at atomic resolution with satisfying data parameters. Comparison of our 3DED-derived structural model with previously reported single-crystal X-ray diffraction data for this material, as well as parameters derived from the Cambridge Structural Database, demonstrates the high accuracy of the 3DED method for structure determination. This validation might accelerate the exploitation of 3DED as a structure determination technique for COFs and other porous materials.

Salami Rose Joe Louis plays Madame Lou's on Monday, November 11. by Dave Segal

Recording for Flying Lotus's Brainfeeder label, Salami Rose Joe Louis (Lindsay Olsen) has blazed a distinctive trail in that fertile sector of California's underground where electronic music and jazz converge. On early releases by this multi-instrumentalist and producer—such as 2019's Zdenka 2080—Olsen sings in a hushed, dulcet manner over sparse, melodious electronic music that wears its jazz inflections gracefully. Faint echoes of '90s and '00s introspective, minimalist IDM (intelligent dance music, if you don't know) acts such as Múm insinuate themselves, too. It's ultimately dream pop, but not in the cloying way manifested by the genre's try-hards.

With 2023's Akousmatikous and this year's collab with Flanafi, Sarah, SRJL's rhythms get jazzier and the instrumentation fuller, with help from Soccer96 and Miguel Atwood-Ferguson, among others. The songs are more kinetic while the vocals retain their breathy, Julee Cruise-like sweetness. The music's levitational feel and smooth propulsion belie lyrics about catastrophic ecological degradation and the dangers of propaganda/disinformation. Enchanting listeners through understatement and mutedly sparkling tones, Olsen offers the most pleasant dystopian sci-fi soundtracks extant. For this show at Madame Lou's tonight, she'll be joined by guitarist Flanafi, bassist Tone Whitfield, and drummer Luke Titus—most of whom played on the exceptional new Salami Live at 2131 North Kacey Street EP.

<a href="https://salamirosejoelouismusic.bandcamp.com/album/salami-live-at-2131-north-kacey-street">Salami Live at 2131 North Kacey Street by Salami Rose Joe Louis featuring Flanafi, Tone Whitfield, Nazir Ebo</a>

Salami Rose Joe Louis plays Madame Lou's Monday, Nov 11, 7:30 pm, $21, 21+.

This Is What Happens When You Repost an Instagram Photo 90 Times is actually a lovely little demonstration of how JPEG artifacts, edge detection, automatic sharpening, and whatever else Instagram does by default to photos stacks up to quickly make an image decay and deteriorate via processing. The video demonstrates the effects in a nice quick time-lapse way as well.

Cancer cachexia is characterized by reductions in peripheral lean muscle mass. Prior studies have primarily focused on increased protein breakdown as the driver of cancer-associated muscle wasting. Therapeutic interventions targeting catabolic pathways have, however, largely failed to preserve muscle mass in cachexia, suggesting that other mechanisms might be involved. In pursuit of novel pathways, we used untargeted metabolomics to search for metabolite signatures that may be linked with muscle atrophy. We injected 7-week–old C57/BL6 mice with LLC1 tumor cells or vehicle. After 21 days, tumor-bearing mice exhibited reduced body and muscle mass and impaired grip strength compared with controls, which was accompanied by lower synthesis rates of mixed muscle protein and the myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic muscle fractions. Reductions in protein synthesis were accompanied by mitochondrial enlargement and reduced coupling efficiency in tumor-bearing mice. To generate mechanistic insights into impaired protein synthesis, we performed untargeted metabolomic analyses of plasma and muscle and found increased concentrations of two methylarginines, asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and NG-monomethyl-l-arginine, in tumor-bearing mice compared with control mice. Compared with healthy controls, human cancer patients were also found to have higher levels of ADMA in the skeletal muscle. Treatment of C2C12 myotubes with ADMA impaired protein synthesis and reduced mitochondrial protein quality. These results suggest that increased levels of ADMA and mitochondrial changes may contribute to impaired muscle protein synthesis in cancer cachexia and could point to novel therapeutic targets by which to mitigate cancer cachexia.

Litong Nie
Dec 1, 2020; 19:2015-2029
Research

Protein biosynthesis is fundamental to cellular life and requires the efficient functioning of the translational machinery. At the center of this machinery is the ribosome, a ribonucleoprotein complex that depends heavily on Mg2+ for structure. Recent work has indicated that other metal cations can substitute for Mg2+, raising questions about the role different metals may play in the maintenance of the ribosome under oxidative stress conditions. Here, we assess ribosomal integrity following oxidative stress both in vitro and in cells to elucidate details of the interactions between Fe2+ and the ribosome and identify Mn2+ as a factor capable of attenuating oxidant-induced Fe2+-mediated degradation of rRNA. We report that Fe2+ promotes degradation of all rRNA species of the yeast ribosome and that it is bound directly to RNA molecules. Furthermore, we demonstrate that Mn2+ competes with Fe2+ for rRNA-binding sites and that protection of ribosomes from Fe2+-mediated rRNA hydrolysis correlates with the restoration of cell viability. Our data, therefore, suggest a relationship between these two transition metals in controlling ribosome stability under oxidative stress.

Studies in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae have helped define mechanisms underlying the activity of the ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS), uncover the proteasome assembly pathway, and link the UPS to the maintenance of cellular homeostasis. However, the spectrum of UPS substrates is incompletely defined, even though multiple techniques—including MS—have been used. Therefore, we developed a substrate trapping proteomics workflow to identify previously unknown UPS substrates. We first generated a yeast strain with an epitope tagged proteasome subunit to which a proteasome inhibitor could be applied. Parallel experiments utilized inhibitor insensitive strains or strains lacking the tagged subunit. After affinity isolation, enriched proteins were resolved, in-gel digested, and analyzed by high resolution liquid chromatography-tandem MS. A total of 149 proteasome partners were identified, including all 33 proteasome subunits. When we next compared data between inhibitor sensitive and resistant cells, 27 proteasome partners were significantly enriched. Among these proteins were known UPS substrates and proteins that escort ubiquitinated substrates to the proteasome. We also detected Erg25 as a high-confidence partner. Erg25 is a methyl oxidase that converts dimethylzymosterol to zymosterol, a precursor of the plasma membrane sterol, ergosterol. Because Erg25 is a resident of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and had not previously been directly characterized as a UPS substrate, we asked whether Erg25 is a target of the ER associated degradation (ERAD) pathway, which most commonly mediates proteasome-dependent destruction of aberrant proteins. As anticipated, Erg25 was ubiquitinated and associated with stalled proteasomes. Further, Erg25 degradation depended on ERAD-associated ubiquitin ligases and was regulated by sterol synthesis. These data expand the cohort of lipid biosynthetic enzymes targeted for ERAD, highlight the role of the UPS in maintaining ER function, and provide a novel tool to uncover other UPS substrates via manipulations of our engineered strain.

Specific E3 ligases target tumor suppressors for degradation. Inhibition of such E3 ligases may be an important approach to cancer treatment. RNF146 is a RING domain and PARylation-dependent E3 ligase that functions as an activator of the β-catenin/Wnt and YAP/Hippo pathways by targeting the degradation of several tumor suppressors. Tankyrases 1 and 2 (TNKS1/2) are the only known poly-ADP-ribosyltransferases that require RNF146 to degrade their substrates. However, systematic identification of RNF146 substrates have not yet been performed. To uncover substrates of RNF146 that are targeted for degradation, we generated RNF146 knockout cells and TNKS1/2-double knockout cells and performed proteome profiling with label-free quantification as well as transcriptome analysis. We identified 160 potential substrates of RNF146, which included many known substrates of RNF146 and TNKS1/2 and 122 potential TNKS-independent substrates of RNF146. In addition, we validated OTU domain-containing protein 5 and Protein mono-ADP-ribosyltransferase PARP10 as TNKS1/2-independent substrates of RNF146 and SARDH as a novel substrate of TNKS1/2 and RNF146. Our study is the first proteome-wide analysis of potential RNF146 substrates. Together, these findings not only demonstrate that proteome profiling can be a useful general approach for the systemic identification of substrates of E3 ligases but also reveal new substrates of RNF146, which provides a resource for further functional studies.

Obidoxime chloride is an antidote for nerve gas intoxication. As an emergency medicine, it is being stored by the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) scattered throughout Israel in depots without a controlled environment (field conditions), thus being exposed to high and fluctuating temperatures. These conditions do not meet the manufacturer’s requirements. In addition, due to possible supply shortages, the utilization of expired batches was suggested. The current work investigated these matters. Long-term (15 years) storage under different conditions was initiated. Chemical stability and toxicity in rats were assessed. No difference was found between field conditions vs the controlled environment. The obidoxime assay remained >95% for 5 years and >90% for 7 years. The pH remained above the lower specification limit for 7–8 years. The major degradation product, 4-pyridinealdoxime, surpassed the allowed limit at 5 years. The content of total unknown impurities reached its maximum allowed by the IDF limit at 4–5 years. Threefold higher than clinically utilized doses of valid-to-date Toxogonin batches administered to rats did not cause any abnormality. However, expired batches produced significant toxic effects. Although no difference was found between storage of obidoxime ampoules when adhering to manufacturer’s recommendations vs field conditions, accumulation of degradants over the limit allowed by the IDF at 4–5 years of storage and the toxicity of the expired batches observed in rats led the IDF to a decision to shorten the shelf-life of this product from 5 to 4 years when stored in an uncontrolled environment of the Mediterranean climate.

Extensive costs of salt-damaged soils include $27 billion+ in lost crop value per year.

The post Press Release: World Losing 2,000 Hectares of Irrigated Farmland to Salt-Induced Degradation Daily first appeared on International Water Management Institute (IWMI).

Severe land degradation is now affecting 168 countries across the world 

A new FAO report blames “unsustainable business-as-usual practices” for escalating human and environmental costs of producing food.