Title: New Tick-Borne Disease: 'Heartland Virus'
Category: Health News
Created: 8/30/2012 11:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/30/2012 12:00:00 AM

Title: MERS Virus Doesn't Seem to Spread Easily, Study Finds
Category: Health News
Created: 8/27/2014 5:36:00 PM
Last Editorial Review: 8/28/2014 12:00:00 AM

Title: Gene Research Yields Insights Into Ebola Virus
Category: Health News
Created: 8/28/2014 2:36:00 PM
Last Editorial Review: 8/29/2014 12:00:00 AM

Title: Early Virus Raises Asthma Risk in Certain Kids: Study
Category: Health News
Created: 8/26/2016 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/26/2016 12:00:00 AM

Title: More Evidence Links the 'Mono' Virus to MS Risk
Category: Health News
Created: 8/30/2017 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/31/2017 12:00:00 AM

Title: China Withholding H7N9 Bird Flu Virus Samples From U.S.
Category: Health News
Created: 8/31/2018 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/31/2018 12:00:00 AM

Title: Coronavirus' Weird Trip Inside Cells Might Be Its Undoing, Scientists Say
Category: Health News
Created: 8/24/2020 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/24/2020 12:00:00 AM

Title: Pop Concert Held to Learn More About Coronavirus Spread
Category: Health News
Created: 8/24/2020 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/25/2020 12:00:00 AM

Title: What If Many Americans Say No to a Coronavirus Vaccine?
Category: Health News
Created: 8/25/2020 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/25/2020 12:00:00 AM

Title: Confirmed Case of Coronavirus Reinfection Reported
Category: Health News
Created: 8/25/2020 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/25/2020 12:00:00 AM

Title: FDA Approves Wider Use of Plasma as Coronavirus Treatment
Category: Health News
Created: 8/24/2020 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/25/2020 12:00:00 AM

Title: More Evidence That Masks Help Shield You From Coronavirus
Category: Health News
Created: 8/26/2020 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/26/2020 12:00:00 AM

Title: FDA Approves New Rapid Coronavirus Test
Category: Health News
Created: 8/27/2020 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/27/2020 12:00:00 AM

Title: Flu Virus Can Travel on Dust. Can Coronavirus?
Category: Health News
Created: 8/26/2020 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/27/2020 12:00:00 AM

Title: Search for Coronavirus Origins at Standstill: WHO Team
Category: Health News
Created: 8/26/2021 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/26/2021 12:00:00 AM

Title: Poliovirus Discovered in New York Wastewater
Category: Health News
Created: 8/12/2022 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/15/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: What Causes Henipavirus?
Category: Diseases and Conditions
Created: 8/26/2022 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/26/2022 12:00:00 AM

Influenza A virus (IAV) is one of the leading causes of respiratory infections. The lack of efficient anti-influenza therapeutics requires a better understanding of how IAV interacts with host cells. Alveolar macrophages are tissue-specific macrophages that play a critical role in lung innate immunity and homeostasis, yet their role during influenza infection remains unclear. First, our review highlights an active IAV replication within alveolar macrophages, despite an abortive viral cycle. Such infection leads to persistent alveolar macrophage inflammation and diminished phagocytic function, alongside direct mitochondrial damage and indirect metabolic shifts in the alveolar micro-environment. We also discuss the "macrophage disappearance reaction", which is a drastic reduction of the alveolar macrophage population observed after influenza infection in mice but debated in humans, with unclear underlying mechanisms. Furthermore, we explore the dual nature of alveolar macrophage responses to IAV infection, questioning whether they are deleterious or protective for the host. While IAV may exploit immuno-evasion strategies and induce alveolar macrophage alteration or depletion, this could potentially reduce excessive inflammation and allow for the replacement of more effective cells. Despite these insights, the pathophysiological role of alveolar macrophages during IAV infection in humans remains understudied, urging further exploration to unravel their precise contributions to disease progression and resolution.

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major global pathogen, causing lower respiratory tract disease in at-risk populations including young children. Antibodies form a crucial layer of protection from RSV disease, particularly in immunologically naïve infants. Such antibodies are derived from the mother via transplacental transfer and breast milk, but may be particularly low in high-risk infants such as those born preterm. Maternally derived antibodies can now be supplemented by the administration of anti-RSV monoclonal antibodies, while a rising wave of maternal and paediatric vaccine strategies are approaching. The implementation of these prophylactics may profoundly decrease the healthcare burden of RSV. In this article, we review the role of antibody-mediated immunity in protecting children from RSV. We focus on maternally derived antibodies as the main source of protection against RSV and study factors that influence the scale of this transfer. The role of passive and active prophylactic approaches in protecting infants against RSV are discussed and knowledge gaps in our understanding of antibody-mediated protection against RSV are identified.

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