Governor Gavin Newsom called a special legislative session Thursday with the goal of protecting California’s progressive policies on climate change and reproductive rights from President-elect Donald Trump’s incoming administration.  

He’s preemptively asking state lawmakers for funds to support future litigation against President-elect Trump’s next administration. 

The Governor’s Office said in a press release that the new resources will likely go towards defending civil and reproductive rights, climate action and the state’s immigrant population, depending on what actions the administration takes. 

The state sued the first Trump administration over 120 times after it threatened similar policies. The state won many of those lawsuits. 

Democratic Assembly member Jesse Gabriel represents the San Fernando Valley. Before taking office, he was a constitutional attorney and assisted with two of the lawsuits. 

“In these situations, speed matters,” he said. “Being prepared matters.”

He said that justifies lawmakers working on this ahead of January, when the regular legislative session starts. 

“We don't know for sure what's going to happen. I think it's important to recognize that,” Gabriel added . “But reading Project 2025, listening to some of the things that the president-elect has talked about on the campaign trail, understanding his record from his first term, we know that we might be engaged in some very significant and very serious litigation.”

Gabriel said, in particular, he’s concerned about threats from Trump on federal support, including funds for natural disaster relief.  

“To the extent that there's going to be any effort to unlawfully withhold federal funding from California, to walk back agreements that the federal government has with California, this effort will be essential to protecting California taxpayers,” he said. 

He stressed that California is one of a handful of states that pays more in taxes to the federal government than it receives in funds and services. 

Many Republican legislators say the move is a stunt by the Governor – including Senator Brian Dahle, who represents rural communities in far Northern California. 

“He's the happiest guy around that Kamala lost because this gives him an opportunity to run for president in four years,” he said. 

Dahle added that he wants the money Newsom is proposing for litigation to be directed toward other things. 

“We don't have these kinds of resources to be thrown out. We have crime, we have cost of living we need to deal with in California,” he said. 

The special session begins December 2nd. 

Californians voted on two housing-related measures Tuesday — Propositions 5 and 33 — and rejected both, according to respective Associated Press race calls. Still, many voters cited affordability as a major issue in the state. 

Proposition 33 would’ve rolled back state-wide restrictions on rent control. Proposition 5 would’ve made it easier for local governments to approve bonds for affordable housing, among other projects. 

Mary-Beth Moylan is a law professor at the University of the Pacific. She said the rejection is a sign voters think lawmakers should solve the problem. 

“Maybe the messaging is — we want there to be changes, we want there to be more affordable housing,” she said. “But we want the Legislature to figure out how to do it on its own and not involve the voters.”

But she added that could be bad news for local officials tasked with addressing affordability in their communities. 

“The fact that these two measures didn't pass means that those people will not have, really, the tools that they need to get anything done,” she said. 

Moylan said attack ads probably played a large part in the no votes, too. 

“There were effective campaigns that had people not really understanding what both of them would do and what the consequences of them would be,” she said. 

She also said that when voters don’t understand a measure, they tend to vote it down. 

“Which I'm not saying is a bad thing,” she added. “Because we probably shouldn't be voting for things that we don't understand.” 

Either way, Moylan said that voters didn’t see these as viable solutions to California’s housing affordability problem.

California voters passed Proposition 4, according to a race call by the Associated Press. About 58% of voters statewide supported the measure that will issue $10 billion in bonds for climate-related projects. 

The money will fund a variety of projects, including those that boost access to safe drinking water, wildfire prevention and the protection of lands and communities in California. 

“The way that Prop 4 was designed to focus on prevention and preparedness really represents  a pivotal shift away from just reacting to climate change,” said Guillermo Rodriguez, the California state director for the conservation nonprofit Trust for Public Land.

Rodriguez said he sees Proposition 4’s passage as evidence of increased voter interest in projects that tackle climate change impacts. 

“The voters of California are willing to make these kinds of significant investments in the future because I think we're all being impacted by climate change,” he said. 

He says the measure will help his nonprofit’s efforts to make public lands more accessible. The measure promises $700 million toward expanding and renovating local and state parks. 

Ariana Rickard, the public policy and funding program manager for the conservation nonprofit Sonoma Land Trust, said she’s expecting 2025 to be another deficit year for California’s budget. This has previously meant slashed funding for environmental projects. 

But she said this money ensures nonprofits who rely on state funding from agencies like the Wildlife Conservation Board — which will receive funding from the measure — can continue their work regardless of budget cuts.  

“We're really thrilled because it means that our projects can go forward,” Rickard said. “There's not going to be added delays to the timeline because we have that reassurance that that funding will be there.”

Updated Nov. 8, 4:55 p.m.

Polls have closed in California and initial results are starting to come in. It may take days — or even weeks — for many races to be called, with results coming in waves as mail-in ballots are received and counted. 

We've noted where the Associated Press has called whether a measure will succeed or fail. CapRadio and NPR rely on the Associated Press for race calls. Here is information on when to expect results and how the process works.

?Proposition 2

California voters approved Proposition 2, according to a race call by the Associated Press. Early results show out of 10,386,227 ballots counted, 57.1% were for and 42.9% were against issuing $10 billion in bonds to improve facilities at public schools and community colleges. Funds raised through these bonds will go toward new construction, including land purchases and classroom upgrades.

?Proposition 3

California voters approved Proposition 3, according to a race call by the Associated Press. Early results show out of the 10,437,201 ballots counted, 61.4% were for and 38.6% were against amending California’s Constitution to remove language which states marriage is permitted only between man and woman. 

The language was added to the state’s Constitution in 2008 after voters passed Proposition 8, but is unenforceable due to the U.S. Supreme Court’s landmark Obergefell v. Hodges case which requires all states to license same-sex marriages.

?Proposition 4

California voters approved Proposition 4, according to a race call by the Associated Press. Early results show out of the 10,455,468 ballots counted, 58.2% were for and 41.8% were against issuing $10 billion in bonds to fund climate-related projects. 

?Proposition 5 

California voters rejected Proposition 5, according to a race call by the Associated Press. Early results show out of the 10,351,394 ballots counted, 56.2% were against and 43.8% were for lowering the statewide threshold to approve housing and infrastructure-related bonds to 55%. 

Proposition 6

Early results show out of the 10,196,270 ballots counted, 54.7% were against and 45.3% were for banning involuntary servitude as a punishment for crime in California. 

According to the Legislative Analyst’s Office, about one-third of people in California prisons work jobs like cooking, cleaning, or other tasks needed to run prisons and jails. California’s Reparations Task Force recommended the measure in its 2023 report.

Proposition 32

Early results show out of the 10,458,925 ballots counted, 51.9% were against and 48.1% were for raising the statewide minimum wage to $18 in 2026. If passed, Proposition 32 would also require minimum wage to be adjusted for inflation in the years after it went into effect. 

Past state legislation has also increased wages for workers in the fast food industry and certain healthcare workers. These local and industry-specific wages would be unaffected by Proposition 32.

?Proposition 33

Californians rejected Proposition 33, according to a race call from the Associated Press. Early results show out of the 10,339,438 ballots counted, 61.5% were against and 38.5% were for allowing local governments to set their own rent control laws with fewer restrictions.

If Proposition 33 were to have passed, it would have repealed a 1995 state law called the Costa-Hawkins Rental Housing Act, which prevented cities from implementing rent control on single-family homes or housing built on or after February 1, 1996. 

Proposition 34

Early results show out of the 10,037,466 ballots counted, 51.3% were for and 48.7% were against requiring health care providers to spend 98% of the revenue they gather on direct patient care. 

The language of the measure establishes a high bar for which health care entities would be required to abide by these restrictions, if passed. These entities must be participants of the discount prescription drug program and spend over $100 million on “purposes that do not qualify as direct patient care” over 10 years. Currently, the AIDS Healthcare Foundation is the only organization in California that would meet the standards outlined in the measure.

?Proposition 35

California voters approved Proposition 35, according to a race call by the Associated Press. Of the the 10,306,197 ballots counted, 66.9% were for and 33.1% were against bolstering California medicaid reimbursements by ensuring funds the Managed Care Organizations tax go toward Medi-Cal services.

?Proposition 36

California voters have approved Proposition 36, according to a race call by the Associated Press. Of the 10,400,928 ballots counted, 70.1% were for and 29.9% were against raising penalties for some crimes by repealing aspects of a 10-year old proposition that decreased them to address prison overcrowding.

The previous measure, Proposition 47, lowered some theft and drug-related crimes from a felony to a misdemeanor when it was passed in 2014. The new measure would generally turn these misdemeanors back into felonies. It would also lengthen some prison sentences and require more felonies be served in prison. Courts would also be able to mandate drug treatment for people charged with possessing illegal drugs.

One October morning in 2019, 12-year-old Alena Wong got on her bike and headed to class at California Middle School. 

She followed her usual route. But as she crossed Sutterville and Mead Avenue, a high school senior driving a car struck her. The vehicle hit the back of her bike, she slid up the hood of the car and flew 10 feet in the air.

Wong sustained numerous injuries from the accident, including a broken femur, humerus, tibia, mandible, three of her teeth were broken into her jawline and she got a traumatic brain injury. 

Her father, Kevin Wong, said he found out Alena was involved in a collision and rushed to her location, at which point the police and paramedics had also arrived and were attending to her. He said Alena was taken to UC Davis Medical Center after the accident. 

“The driver was a senior at McClatchy,” Kevin Wong said. “He was actually on his way to school. He wasn’t breaking the law, he wasn't speeding. He was just driving in traffic and didn't see her. The sun was in his eyes.”

Alena Wong spent three and a half weeks in the hospital. She couldn’t remember much because of her traumatic brain injury, but as time went by she said her memory started to come back.

“My mom says I would ask, ‘Why am I here? What are we doing here?’ She'd answer me, 10 minutes later, I'd have to ask the same question because I just didn't remember,” Alena said. “She'd read the same chapter of a book to me every day until finally, I said, ‘we already read that. Why are you reading that?’”

Alena made a full recovery during her time at UC Davis Medical, her father said. During her time there, she underwent multiple surgeries plus physical and occupational therapy. By the time she left the hospital she was in a wheelchair and had to use crutches.

Although Wong survived her collision in the streets of Sacramento, that isn’t the case for many others. There have been 162 motor vehicle crash-related deaths this year, according to the Sacramento County coroner's office. Out of the 162 deaths, 16 were cyclists and 44 were pedestrians.

Sacramento Vice Mayor Caity Maple proposed a state of emergency at a City Council meeting in September as a result of the third fatal collision that occurred that month. 

“I’m devastated to see yet another person critically injured after being struck by a vehicle on Sacramento’s roads,” Maple said in September on social media. “Even beyond our City’s commitments to eliminate traffic deaths through Vision Zero, we need to take immediate and urgent action.”

Maple and her team have since been working on the proposal, which would require the city manager to identify funds for a public awareness campaign to educate drivers, cyclists, and pedestrians about traffic safety. It would also mobilize the Sacramento Police Department to ramp up enforcement of traffic laws on city streets. 

Ryan Brown, the chief of staff for Vice Mayor Maple, told CapRadio that the proposal is expected to be further discussed at the Nov. 12 Law and Legislation Committee meeting. 

“Our next steps include a series of meetings with key advocates and stakeholders (including experts in the field) who are helping make our proposal as strong as possible,” he added.

Advocates push for safety changes 

In 2021, Sacramento had the highest amount of total traffic fatalities and injuries compared to 15 other California cities with a similar population size, like San Francisco and Stockton, according to data from the California Office of Traffic Safety. The city was also in the top five California cities with the highest amount of pedestrian fatalities and injuries.

Sacramento Area Bike Advocates is a nonprofit that advocates for safe streets and bicycling infrastructure for the city. Executive Director Debra Banks said if the city had good bicycling infrastructure, it would help reduce collisions.

Banks said she’s “fearless” when she rides her bike and isn’t afraid of riding into traffic, but there are people she knows who avoid cycling altogether. 

“Those are the people that we'd love to make them feel safer, so that they would feel comfortable to ride their bike,” she said.

Banks said she was also once a victim of “vehicular violence.” Almost 10 years ago, she was hit by a 3,000-pound vehicle and was severely injured. But her experience spurred her toward activism.

“The person has paid the consequences [and] ended up going to jail. But that didn't make our streets safer,” Banks said. “It just took one person off our streets. The best way that we can make our streets safer is by changing the design of the street.”

She added she’d like to see road improvements like narrowing streets and increasing bike lanes, which makes cyclists feel safer and slow traffic.

In 2017, the city of Sacramento adopted a resolution called Vision Zero. This traffic safety policy doesn’t refer to car collisions as accidents; rather, it views them as preventable incidents that should be systematically addressed.

The Vision Zero Action Plan was adopted in 2018 with the goal to have zero traffic collision deaths in Sacramento by 2027. Banks said the city isn’t close to hitting that target. 

But Banks added she’s thrilled that there is momentum amongst the elected city council members to make changes with the state of emergency proposal. 

“That's great, but there has to be funding,” Banks said. “If there's no funding, then everything sounds great. We can draw up plans, we can sign a declaration, but without funding those streets aren't going to change because street design costs money, costs a lot of money, and Sacramento is low on funds for that.”

Slow Down Sacramento is a grassroots organization focused on increasing awareness of slowing vehicular traffic speeds. According to Executive Director Isaac Gonzalez, SDS advocates for changes to road infrastructure that make it less conducive for people to drive recklessly or at high speeds.

“The thing that we advocate for the most is changes to the built environment, because we know that through changes to the built environment, we get the results that we want,” Gonzalez said. “So narrowing lanes, decreasing the amount of opportunities for people to drive fast, making the lanes narrower, adding protected bike lanes, stop signs, that just make vehicles slow down.” 

Gonzalez said there have been “far too many people dying” on city streets, and said anyone who isn’t in a car is considered a vulnerable road user. 

“We know that crashes are going to happen. We know there's going to be collisions,” he said. “That's an eventuality with traffic, but the greatest thing that impacts whether or not that will be a fatal injury is speed.”

According to the Safe Transportation Research Center at UC Berkeley, speeding related fatalities increased in California by 16.5% between 2020 and 2021. Sacramento was in the top five counties in California for speed related fatalities and serious injuries in 2021. 

Gonzalez said as vehicle speeds go up, collisions are more likely to result in fatalities.

“If we could decrease those average vehicle speeds down to 25 miles per hour, or even 20, which would be better, we can really decrease the likelihood of a crash resulting in a fatality demonstratively,” Gonzalez said. 

City infrastructure is changing, but advocates say it could be done faster

The City of Sacramento has recently made a few changes to its streets, most notably with the Central City Mobility Project. The project includes protected bikeways and lane reductions. It has converted 5th Street from a one-way street to a two-way street as part of the project.

“That’s a new conversion. It's brand new, and it's fantastic,” Banks said. “Personally, as a cyclist and as an advocate, I would love to see every single road in the grid be turned back into a two way street.”

Banks added that SABA takes people on social rides around the city to teach cyclists about infrastructure. She said the process of learning how to navigate through the streets safely helps build confidence. 

She said many of these injuries happen at intersections: “People are doing right turns on red and if you're in a protected bike lane and it ends just as a car is coming up, they may not see you until the very last minute,” Banks said.

Gonzalez said SDS is advocating for the city to utilize quick-build tactical urbanism, which involves making rapid changes to a roadway immediately after a collision occurs. He added that these changes aren’t permanent — road workers can move pieces around to experiment with what works and what doesn't.

“When a crash happens in the city of Sacramento that results in a fatality, typically, nothing changes the next day,” he said. “Nothing may change for a very long time unless neighbors and advocates really press the city to do something.”

He said those changes could sometimes take a decade or more to happen. 

“We want the city to look at every instance of serious injury or death as it is an immediate, urgent remedy that must be required,” Gonzalez said. “We want the next day for cones and signage to go up, for temporary traffic calming measures to be implemented, and then, if successful, put in permanently. That's called tactical urbanism.”

The city of Hoboken, New Jersey has reached its own Vision Zero Action Plan goals after adopting this style of tactical urbanism. Starting in 2021, Hoboken immediately made changes to roads after serious crashes that resulted in injury or death. It hasn’t seen a traffic-related fatality on its roads since.

Over the last year, Hoboken has added multi-way stops at 14 intersections, six of which were identified as high-crash intersections. It’s also installed 418 delineators, which can help navigate drivers through hazardous conditions. An estimated 61 crosswalks were re-striped with high visibility markings, and 27 curb ramps were upgraded. 

In 2019, the New Jersey Department of Transportation awarded Hoboken over $730,000 for transportation funding, which the city used towards its Vision Zero infrastructure and safety upgrades. 

Gonzalez said he wants Sacramento to view this issue with the same urgency as Hoboken, and added it’s a solution the city can do for a lower price than permanent fixes. 

“I could go to a store today and buy the things needed to change traffic patterns on some of our hotspots and get the driver behavior that we want to see,” Gonzalez said. “But it takes policy, and it's not currently the policy in the city of Sacramento, so that's what we want to see.”

After Alena Wong’s accident in 2019, the city took some small measures to ensure that more people wouldn’t get hurt at the intersection. 

Kevin Wong, Alena’s father, said then-council member Steve Hansen’s office was working on installing a traffic light there, but it didn’t end up happening.

“They're telling us that maybe they can get something done, but ultimately, there wasn't any funding for that to get done. So nothing has been done since then,” he said.

Wong said he met with District 7 council member Rick Jennings earlier this year, who said it's his top priority to make the intersection where Alena was struck by a car safer. 

“They did say that they do want to put a mini roundabout, which is something that we have been advocating for,” Wong said.

Six months after Alena’s accident, she was able to start running and biking again. 

“She was eager to do so, in fact,” Kevin Wong said. “After leaving the hospital, physically she was able to make, I'll call it a 95% recovery. She has ongoing dental trauma.” 

Nearly five years later, Alena still rides her bike to and from school everyday.

“I remember while I was in the hospital, mainly my mindset was that I just needed to get back to where I was before, and having that one goal made it a lot easier to just push towards it,” she said. “Once it all slowed down and I looked back at it, I realized how hard it must have been.”

She said she’s realized recently that she’s glad it happened when she was 12 as opposed to the age of 40 because she can learn with her injuries, rather than have lived most of her life and then have to start a new one.

“I think that it's made a lot of who I am, like, how determined I was to get better again,” Wong said. “That's a lot of my personality now. I honestly don't know who I would be without having had that.”

Kevin said he and his wife were comforted by the fact that Alena wasn't afraid to face the fears that other people might have after her accident.

He added the family has made a habit of speaking at city council meetings, transportation-adjacent committee meetings, and various neighborhood association meetings to continue to advocate for traffic safety in Sacramento.