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Modern farmhouse targets net-zero energy in Vermont

On a hillside meadow in rural Vermont, local architecture firm Birdseye has completed Bank Barn, a new residence that, from afar, might look like any another agricultural building. But it is actually a modern farmhouse strategically engineered to meet future net-zero energy targets. The architects drew inspiration from the regional farm structures built into the banks of hills to create the gabled dwelling, which is clad in weathered cedar and topped with a durable metal roof. An intensive energy consultation and modeling informed all parts of the design. The resulting project features an electricity-based energy system that is expected to[...]




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Modern prefab retreat in Italy takes in panoramic alpine views

Perched atop a hill in Aosta Valley’s highest municipality in northwest Italy is the newly completed House in Chamois, a modern, prefabricated home by Torino-based design and build firm Leap Factory. As with all “Leap Houses,” the home’s entire design and construction process was managed by the Leap Factory team and was constructed with a modular system built of natural, recyclable materials to allow for maximum flexibility. All of the components provided by Leap Factory for the House in Chamois were also designed and produced in Italy. [...]




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Distinctly modern net-zero home sits in harmony with its woodland surroundings

Chapel Hill-based firm Arielle Condoret Schechter is known for its commitment to building sustainable homes that don't sacrifice elegance or comfort. The company's latest work includes the spacious Haw River House, which was built with several efficient features to create a net-zero energy home that is seamlessly linked with its natural surroundings.[...]




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A MODEL FOR GUN CLUBS

Kevin Howard is the president of the Enfield Outing Club. (No, they’re not dedicated to shooting British military rifles; they’re located in picturesque Enfield, New Hampshire.) He recently sent out a notice to members of the gun club, explaining why Read more




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This Model's Privates Have Probably Seen Better Days

That's Sports Illustrated swimsuit model Chrissy Teigen having a rather... unfortunate encounter with some peppers. That final photo? The result of some of her Instagram and Twitter followers telling her that milk would help neutralize the burning - which by all accounts it did!




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The Arsenal Women Arsecast Episode 12 - Role models

On this month’s episode of the Arsenal Women Arsecast, Tim is joined by author, broadcaster and journalist Dr. Carrie Dunn, Carrie is an expert and academic on all things women’s sport and is the author of two books about the Lionesses- Roar of the Lionesses (2016) and Pride of the Lionesses (2019)- which you can by here https://www.pitchpublishing.co.uk/shop/pride-lionesses – or from your local bookstore if they are still delivering- they would probably appreciate the business right now!


Tim talks to Carrie about role modelling in women’s football, players in the women’s game are called upon to be role models, especially for young girls and to help increase participation in the sport. Many players see this as a privilege and an important responsibility- but to what extent is it fair? Is this just invisible labour we blithely place on female athletes?


Then Tim talks to Gunners defender Louise Quinn, who is a patron for lots of initiatives geared towards increasing participation in sport for young girls. Louise talks about why she believes in the power of role modelling and about her female role models when she was growing up. Tim also talks to Louise about how her and her teammates are handling training in times of quarantine and social distancing in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.

 

See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.




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2020 Free Printable Calendar: Minimal & Modern

Back by popular demand is our minimal and modern 2020 free printable calendar! This gorgeous free 2020 calendar is clean, simple, and perfect to help you plan your busy life. Free 2020 Printable Calendar Per your requests, we’ve even upgraded this year’s free printable 2020 calendar with options for a Sunday or Monday start calendars! […]

The post 2020 Free Printable Calendar: Minimal & Modern appeared first on Dear Crissy.




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It’s time for Seder, which is Zeder, in our modern-day-plague ravaged Passover

Last week I received a very long email with instructions for Zeder. This year millions of Jews around the world will log into Zoom, and try to continue a 2000-year tradition of not changing the tradition. We will recall plagues of past like infestation of locusts and raining frogs and we’ll silently scoff that Egypt […]

The post It’s time for Seder, which is Zeder, in our modern-day-plague ravaged Passover appeared first on Penelope Trunk Careers.




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COVID SW model is a steaming pile ...




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Which COVID-19 models should we use to make policy decisions?




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New mathematical model can more effectively track epidemics

As COVID-19 spreads worldwide, leaders are relying on mathematical models to make public health and economic decisions. A new model developed by Princeton and Carnegie Mellon researchers improves tracking of epidemics by accounting for mutations in diseases. Now, the researchers are working to apply their model to allow leaders to evaluate the effects of countermeasures to epidemics before they deploy them.




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'Cause I'm a Super Model

This is a frightening thought but I may be the most photographed person in all of China In my first few days here I kept catching people taking pictures of me on the sly and when I looked at them I noticed them waving but thought they wanted me to




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A Multi-Risk SIR Model with Optimally Targeted Lockdown -- by Daron Acemoglu, Victor Chernozhukov, Iván Werning, Michael D. Whinston

We develop a multi-risk SIR model (MR-SIR) where infection, hospitalization and fatality rates vary between groups—in particular between the “young”, “the middle-aged” and the “old”. Our MR-SIR model enables a tractable quantitative analysis of optimal policy similar to those already developed in the context of the homogeneous-agent SIR models. For baseline parameter values for the COVID-19 pandemic applied to the US, we find that optimal policies differentially targeting risk/age groups significantly outperform optimal uniform policies and most of the gains can be realized by having stricter lockdown policies on the oldest group. For example, for the same economic cost (24.3% decline in GDP), optimal semi–targeted or fully-targeted policies reduce mortality from 1.83% to 0.71% (thus, saving 2.7 million lives) relative to optimal uniform policies. Intuitively, a strict and long lockdown for the most vulnerable group both reduces infections and enables less strict lockdowns for the lower-risk groups. We also study the impacts of social distancing, the matching technology, the expected arrival time of a vaccine, and testing with or without tracing on optimal policies. Overall, targeted policies that are combined with measures that reduce interactions between groups and increase testing and isolation of the infected can minimize both economic losses and deaths in our model.




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In a controversial study, DNA from today’s southern Africans hints at possible “homeland” for modern humans

But many questions remain about the true origin of the Homo sapiens species.




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Like Neanderthals, early modern humans used their teeth as tools

New findings bolster the argument that the two groups of early humans had a lot of behavioral similarities.




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Coronavirus has NBA in wait-and-see mode for next 30 days

NBA Commissioner Adam Silver said teams will not play for at least 30 days and will not gather in groups through this weekend in wake of coronavirus outbreak.




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Forget puzzles: Model-car building should be your next shutdown activity

Model-car building is one of the old-school hobbies enjoying a resurgence during the pandemic lockdown. Haven't done that in a while? Here's where to find a kit and what to look for.




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Op-Ed: Predictions about where the coronavirus pandemic is going vary widely. Can models be trusted?

A model predicts COVID-19 deaths in the U.S. will drop to zero by June. Another suggests without a vaccine, the coronavirus will be with us for years.




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Runway models vs. real women: A reader's lament

Looking through Sunday's Image section, reader Katherine Wertheim of Ventura felt something was missing.




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Floyd Tidwell, former San Bernardino County sheriff who modernized agency, dies at 90

After he retired, Tidwell pleaded guilty to taking hundreds of guns from evidence lockers




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Tyra Banks' modeling theme park, ModelLand, is finally opening in Santa Monica

A decade in the making, Tyra Banks' modeling utopia, ModelLand, 'will emulate a fantasy version of the modeling world.' The park opens in Santa Monica in May.




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Ronald Birtcher, who helped build modern-day Orange County, dies at 89

Along with Henry Segerstrom and Donald Bren, he helped make the OC more cosmopolitan.




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Tesla Model 3 can no longer be recommended, says Consumer Reports

Tesla's stock price sank Thursday after Consumer Reports blasted the reliability of the company's new Model 3 sedan and dropped it from a list of recommended vehicles.




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Musk announces a $35,000 Model 3, closure of most retail stores, and a no-profit quarter

Three years after he promised to sell an all-electric Model 3 mass-market sedan for $35,000 before incentives, Elon Musk may finally be coming through.




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Tesla website and Elon Musk differ on Model 3 delivery dates. Two weeks? Four months?

Buyers who order the new lower-cost "standard-range" $35,000 Tesla Model 3 electric car and expect to receive it in two to four weeks might be in for a surprise.




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A key Tesla supplier cuts growth plans, raising red flags over demand for the Model 3

Panasonic is freezing plans to expand its role as Tesla's electric car battery supplier, a move that raises new questions about demand for Tesla's Model 3 — and the company's future.




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Tesla Model 3 remains the most popular electric vehicle in the U.S. — by far

The Tesla Model 3 remained the bestselling electric car in the United States last month by far, according to estimates from website Inside EVs.




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'Dark clouds over Fremont': Tesla enters survival mode as stock price drops

Elon Musk's growth story is looking more like a fable as Tesla Inc. enters survival mode.




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Tesla Model 3 sales rise in May, but demand still hasn't fully recovered

Tesla's sales of its Model 3 perked up in the U.S. in May, according to estimates from the website InsideEVs, after a round of price cuts.




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Do modern Dodge muscle cars capture the magic harnessed by Big Willie Robinson?

Dodge offers two outrageous muscle cars — Hellcat iterations of its Charger and Challenger — that capture the magic of the 1960s horsepower wars.




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Dude rented me a Tesla on Turo. It's clear how its car-sharing model is different

Peer-to-peer car sharing seems strange but turns out to be easy, if a bit expensive.




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Alquilé un Tesla Model 3 en Turo, el servicio de auto compartido

Compartir el coche de persona a persona parece extraño, pero es fácil, aunque un poco caro




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Appreciation: Shirley Knight, a bridge to Actors Studio greatness and an acting model for others

A tribute to Tony- and Emmy-winner Shirley Knight, an exemplar of Method who learned from the best of the Actor Studio stars.




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How a white rapper's sidekick became a breakout sitcom star — and TV's unlikeliest role model

To portray his on-screen hype man, Dave "Lil Dicky" Burd turned to his real-life hype man: Davionte "GaTa" Ganter.




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Car tax changes mean there's ‘never been a better time’ to switch as EV models top sales



CAR TAX changes and grants for those purchasing brand new fully electric vehicles means there's "never been a better time" to switch, according to an EV expert.




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Call of Duty Modern Warfare update: Patch notes and Warzone Playlist changes



TODAY has seen a small Call of Duty Modern Warfare rollout on servers, bringing with it some interesting playlist changes on PS4 and Xbox One.




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How Queen was transformed from a princess into a modern monarch by this historic moment



YOUNG Princess Elizabeth's night out celebrating VE Day on the streets of London helped turn her into a Queen like no other.




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Hot Property: A Mad Man episode for this 1950s modern home

Look inside this 1950s modern home at 6474 Meridian St.

       




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This Tesla owner wanted to control her Model 3. So she implanted a valet key in her arm.

A Texas woman wanted to control her Tesla Model 3. So she implanted part of the vehicle's valet key in her arm.




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How to Use Portrait Lighting Mode on iPhone Camera

Portrait Lighting is a powerful photography tool available on newer iPhone models cameras. Apple aimed to bring studio-quality effects to the camera app by analyzing light on a subject in real-time while in portrait mode, and the result is the portrait lighting mode feature. There are five different studio-like effects to choose from, in the ... Read More




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3 ways to confront modern business challenges

I interviewed four business leaders in late 2019 to get their perspectives on the biggest obstacles and opportunities organizations are facing. Craig Lemasters was the president and CEO of Assurant Solutions. Under his leadership, Assurant Solutions doubled in size to $4B, underwent a digital transformation to expand an offering of risk management solutions in the […]



  • Future of the Firm
  • Big Systemic Thinking
  • Deep Dive

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‘Schiff in Panic Mode’: Sources Say Russia Probe Transcripts Affirm Officials Found Nothing on Collusion

The following article, ‘Schiff in Panic Mode’: Sources Say Russia Probe Transcripts Affirm Officials Found Nothing on Collusion, was first published on 100PercentFedUp.com.

Transcripts of House Intelligence Committee interviews have been cleared for release, and Adam Schiff is reportedly in panic mode. Unfortunately for Schiff, top law enforcement and intel officials said they saw no evidence of collusion between the Trump campaign and Russia in the transcripts. Republicans sought and got approval for the release of the transcripts […]

Continue reading: ‘Schiff in Panic Mode’: Sources Say Russia Probe Transcripts Affirm Officials Found Nothing on Collusion ...




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Radical new business model for pharmaceutical industry needed to avert antibiotic resistance crisis

7 October 2015

20151009Antibiotics.jpg

High-level complex of physiologically active antibiotic substance extracted from blastema at the Arctic Innovation Center (AIC) of Ammosov, North-Eastern Federal University (NEFU) in Yakutsk. Photo: Yuri Smityuk/ITAR-TASS Photo/Corbis.

Revenues for pharmaceutical companies need to be 'delinked' from sales of antibiotics to avoid their over-use and avert a public health crisis, says a new report from the think-tank Chatham House.

Over-use of antibiotics is contributing to the growing resistance of potentially deadly bacteria to existing drugs, threatening a public health crisis in the near future. The report notes that, by 2050, failing to tackle antibiotic resistance could result in 10 million premature deaths per year.                                       

Novel antibiotics to combat resistant pathogens are thus desperately needed, but market incentives are exacerbating the problem. Towards a New Global Business Model for Antibiotics: Delinking Revenues from Sales states that,                                       


'The current business model requires high levels of antibiotic use in order to recover the costs of R&D. But mitigating the spread of resistance demands just the opposite: restrictions on the use of antibiotics.'

                                       

To tackle this catch-22 problem, the Centre on Global Health Security at Chatham House recommends the establishment of a global body to implement a radical new business model for the industry, which would encourage investment and promote global access to - and conservation of - antibiotics.      

The current business model has several perverse effects. As R&D is an inherently risky and costly endeavour, the industry is chronically under-investing in new treatments. Today, few large pharmaceutical companies retain active antibacterial drug discovery programmes. Re-stoking the industry's interest in antibiotics would be one of the primary roles of the new body.   

Secondly, the need to recover sunk cost under the current business model encourages both high prices and over-marketing of successful drugs, making potentially life-saving treatments unaffordable to many in developing countries, while simultaneously encouraging over-use in developed markets and increasing resistance.   

The new global body would address these challenges by ‘delinking’ pharmaceutical revenues from sales of antibiotics. It would do this by directly financing the research and development of new drugs, which it would then acquire at a price based on production costs rather than the recovery of R&D expenses. Acquisition could take the form of procurement contracts with companies, the purchase of full IP rights or other licensing mechanisms.                                       

This would enable it to promote global access to antibiotics while simultaneously restricting over-use. Conservation would be promoted through education, regulation and good clinical practice, with the report recommending that 'proven conservation methods such as antibiotic stewardship programmes… be incentivized and implemented immediately.'

Priorities for R&D financing would be based on a comprehensive assessment of  threats arising from resistance. Antibiotics would qualify for the highest level of financial incentives if they combat resistant pathogens posing a serious threat to human health.                                       

Finance for the new body would come from individual nation states, with the report noting that this could 'begin with a core group of countries with significant research activity and large antibiotic markets, (though) it is envisaged that all high income countries should make an appropriate financial contribution.'                                 

It is not yet clear exactly how much funding would be necessary to combat resistance, but with inaction expected to cost $100 trillion in cumulative economic damage, the report argues that 'an additional global investment of up to $3.5 billion a year (about 10 per cent of the current value of global sales of antibiotics) would be a bargain.'

Editor's notes

Towards a New Global Business Model for Antibiotics: Delinking Revenues from Sales, is a Chatham House report edited by Charles Clift, Unni Gopinathan, Chantal Morel, Kevin Outterson, John-Arne Røttingen and Anthony So.

The report is embargoed until 00.01 GMT Friday 9 October.

For more information, or to request an interview with the editors, contact the press office.

Contacts

Press Office

+44 (0)20 7957 5739




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Polarization of protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR-2) signaling is altered during airway epithelial remodeling and deciliation [Immunology]

Protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR-2) is activated by secreted proteases from immune cells or fungi. PAR-2 is normally expressed basolaterally in differentiated nasal ciliated cells. We hypothesized that epithelial remodeling during diseases characterized by cilial loss and squamous metaplasia may alter PAR-2 polarization. Here, using a fluorescent arrestin assay, we confirmed that the common fungal airway pathogen Aspergillus fumigatus activates heterologously-expressed PAR-2. Endogenous PAR-2 activation in submerged airway RPMI 2650 or NCI–H520 squamous cells increased intracellular calcium levels and granulocyte macrophage–colony-stimulating factor, tumor necrosis factor α, and interleukin (IL)-6 secretion. RPMI 2650 cells cultured at an air–liquid interface (ALI) responded to apically or basolaterally applied PAR-2 agonists. However, well-differentiated primary nasal epithelial ALIs responded only to basolateral PAR-2 stimulation, indicated by calcium elevation, increased cilia beat frequency, and increased fluid and cytokine secretion. We exposed primary cells to disease-related modifiers that alter epithelial morphology, including IL-13, cigarette smoke condensate, and retinoic acid deficiency, at concentrations and times that altered epithelial morphology without causing breakdown of the epithelial barrier to model early disease states. These altered primary cultures responded to both apical and basolateral PAR-2 stimulation. Imaging nasal polyps and control middle turbinate explants, we found that nasal polyps, but not turbinates, exhibit apical calcium responses to PAR-2 stimulation. However, isolated ciliated cells from both polyps and turbinates maintained basolateral PAR-2 polarization, suggesting that the calcium responses originated from nonciliated cells. Altered PAR-2 polarization in disease-remodeled epithelia may enhance apical responses and increase sensitivity to inhaled proteases.




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Predictions and Policymaking: Complex Modelling Beyond COVID-19

1 April 2020

Yasmin Afina

Research Assistant, International Security Programme

Calum Inverarity

Research Analyst and Coordinator, International Security Programme
The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the potential of complex systems modelling for policymaking but it is crucial to also understand its limitations.

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A member of the media wearing a protective face mask works in Downing Street where Britain's Prime Minister Boris Johnson is self-isolating in central London, 27 March 2020. Photo by TOLGA AKMEN/AFP via Getty Images.

Complex systems models have played a significant role in informing and shaping the public health measures adopted by governments in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. For instance, modelling carried out by a team at Imperial College London is widely reported to have driven the approach in the UK from a strategy of mitigation to one of suppression.

Complex systems modelling will increasingly feed into policymaking by predicting a range of potential correlations, results and outcomes based on a set of parameters, assumptions, data and pre-defined interactions. It is already instrumental in developing risk mitigation and resilience measures to address and prepare for existential crises such as pandemics, prospects of a nuclear war, as well as climate change.

The human factor

In the end, model-driven approaches must stand up to the test of real-life data. Modelling for policymaking must take into account a number of caveats and limitations. Models are developed to help answer specific questions, and their predictions will depend on the hypotheses and definitions set by the modellers, which are subject to their individual and collective biases and assumptions. For instance, the models developed by Imperial College came with the caveated assumption that a policy of social distancing for people over 70 will have a 75 per cent compliance rate. This assumption is based on the modellers’ own perceptions of demographics and society, and may not reflect all societal factors that could impact this compliance rate in real life, such as gender, age, ethnicity, genetic diversity, economic stability, as well as access to food, supplies and healthcare. This is why modelling benefits from a cognitively diverse team who bring a wide range of knowledge and understanding to the early creation of a model.

The potential of artificial intelligence

Machine learning, or artificial intelligence (AI), has the potential to advance the capacity and accuracy of modelling techniques by identifying new patterns and interactions, and overcoming some of the limitations resulting from human assumptions and bias. Yet, increasing reliance on these techniques raises the issue of explainability. Policymakers need to be fully aware and understand the model, assumptions and input data behind any predictions and must be able to communicate this aspect of modelling in order to uphold democratic accountability and transparency in public decision-making.

In addition, models using machine learning techniques require extensive amounts of data, which must also be of high quality and as free from bias as possible to ensure accuracy and address the issues at stake. Although technology may be used in the process (i.e. automated extraction and processing of information with big data), data is ultimately created, collected, aggregated and analysed by and for human users. Datasets will reflect the individual and collective biases and assumptions of those creating, collecting, processing and analysing this data. Algorithmic bias is inevitable, and it is essential that policy- and decision-makers are fully aware of how reliable the systems are, as well as their potential social implications.

The age of distrust

Increasing use of emerging technologies for data- and evidence-based policymaking is taking place, paradoxically, in an era of growing mistrust towards expertise and experts, as infamously surmised by Michael Gove. Policymakers and subject-matter experts have faced increased public scrutiny of their findings and the resultant policies that they have been used to justify.

This distrust and scepticism within public discourse has only been fuelled by an ever-increasing availability of diffuse sources of information, not all of which are verifiable and robust. This has caused tension between experts, policymakers and public, which has led to conflicts and uncertainty over what data and predictions can be trusted, and to what degree. This dynamic is exacerbated when considering that certain individuals may purposefully misappropriate, or simply misinterpret, data to support their argument or policies. Politicians are presently considered the least trusted professionals by the UK public, highlighting the importance of better and more effective communication between the scientific community, policymakers and the populations affected by policy decisions.

Acknowledging limitations

While measures can and should be built in to improve the transparency and robustness of scientific models in order to counteract these common criticisms, it is important to acknowledge that there are limitations to the steps that can be taken. This is particularly the case when dealing with predictions of future events, which inherently involve degrees of uncertainty that cannot be fully accounted for by human or machine. As a result, if not carefully considered and communicated, the increased use of complex modelling in policymaking holds the potential to undermine and obfuscate the policymaking process, which may contribute towards significant mistakes being made, increased uncertainty, lack of trust in the models and in the political process and further disaffection of citizens.

The potential contribution of complexity modelling to the work of policymakers is undeniable. However, it is imperative to appreciate the inner workings and limitations of these models, such as the biases that underpin their functioning and the uncertainties that they will not be fully capable of accounting for, in spite of their immense power. They must be tested against the data, again and again, as new information becomes available or there is a risk of scientific models becoming embroiled in partisan politicization and potentially weaponized for political purposes. It is therefore important not to consider these models as oracles, but instead as one of many contributions to the process of policymaking.




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Victory and Memory: WW2 Narratives in Modern Day Russia and Ukraine

Invitation Only Research Event

11 May 2020 - 4:00pm to 5:30pm
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Nina Tumarkin, Kathryn Wasserman Davis Professor of Slavic Studies; Professor of History; Director, Russian Area Studies Program, Wellesley College
Georgiy Kasianov, Head, Department of Contemporary History and Politics, Institute of History of Ukraine, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine
Chair: Robert Brinkley, Chairman, Steering Committee, Ukraine Forum, Chatham House
In 2020 the world commemorates the 75th anniversary of the end of World War II. The Russian government has organized a wide range of activities to mark the USSR’s victory, aiming to raise the already prominent role of the USSR to a new level. Moscow also uses its narrative about the war as a propaganda tool. Ukraine, which suffered disproportionally huge human losses and material destruction during WWII, is departing from its Soviet legacy by focusing commemorative efforts on honouring the victims of WWII rather than on glorifying victory. 
 
This event will analyze the evolution of the WWII narratives in Russia and Ukraine in recent years. The panellists will discuss the role of those narratives in shaping national discourses and their implications for the countries' respective futures.
 
This event will be held on the record.

Anna Morgan

Administrator, Ukraine Forum
+44 (0)20 7389 3274

Department/project




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Quantitation of atherosclerosis in murine models: correlation between lesions in the aortic origin and in the entire aorta, and differences in the extent of lesions between sexes in LDL receptor-deficient and apolipoprotein E-deficient mice

RK Tangirala
Nov 1, 1995; 36:2320-2328
Articles




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Roles of the DOCK-D family proteins in a mouse model of neuroinflammation [Neurobiology]

The DOCK-D (dedicator of cytokinesis D) family proteins are atypical guanine nucleotide exchange factors that regulate Rho GTPase activity. The family consists of Zizimin1 (DOCK9), Zizimin2 (DOCK11), and Zizimin3 (DOCK10). Functions of the DOCK-D family proteins are presently not well-explored, and the role of the DOCK-D family in neuroinflammation is unknown. In this study, we generated three mouse lines in which DOCK9 (DOCK9−/−), DOCK10 (DOCK10−/−), or DOCK11 (DOCK11−/−) had been deleted and examined the phenotypic effects of these gene deletions in MOG35–55 peptide-induced experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis, an animal model of the neuroinflammatory disorder multiple sclerosis. We found that all the gene knockout lines were healthy and viable. The only phenotype observed under normal conditions was a slightly smaller proportion of B cells in splenocytes in DOCK10−/− mice than in the other mouse lines. We also found that the migration ability of macrophages is impaired in DOCK10−/− and DOCK11−/− mice and that the severity of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis was ameliorated only in DOCK10−/− mice. No apparent phenotype was observed for DOCK9−/− mice. Further investigations indicated that lipopolysaccharide stimulation up-regulates DOCK10 expression in microglia and that microglial migration is decreased in DOCK10−/− mice. Up-regulation of C–C motif chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) expression induced by activation of Toll-like receptor 4 or 9 signaling was reduced in DOCK10−/− astrocytes compared with WT astrocytes. Taken together, our findings suggest that DOCK10 plays a role in innate immunity and neuroinflammation and might represent a potential therapeutic target for managing multiple sclerosis.