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Prolonging exciton diffusion length via manipulating molecular stacking enables pseudo-planar heterojunction organic solar cells over 19% efficiency

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2024, Accepted Manuscript
DOI: 10.1039/D4TA00594E, Paper
Wang Ke, Fuwen Zhao, Yufan Zhu, Yi He, Zesheng Liu, Xiao Han, Qi Ai, Xingxing Shen, Bao Li, Jianqi Zhang, Yuze Lin, Chun-Ru Wang, Dan He
The limited exciton diffusion length (LD) of organic semiconductors constraints exciton dissociation in pseudo-planar heterojunction (PPHJ) organic solar cells (OSCs), which is deemed as the bottleneck issue hampering the further...
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Origin of sputter damage during transparent conductive oxide deposition for semitransparent perovskite solar cells

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2024, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/D3TA06654A, Paper
Open Access
  This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Licence.
Qing Yang, Weiyuan Duan, Alexander Eberst, Benjamin Klingebiel, Yueming Wang, Ashish Kulkarni, Andreas Lambertz, Karsten Bittkau, Yongqiang Zhang, Svetlana Vitusevich, Uwe Rau, Thomas Kirchartz, Kaining Ding
The origin of sputter damage during transparent conductive oxide deposition is ion bombardment rather than plasma radiation. Ion bombardment increased recombination, whereas plasma radiation reduced recombination.
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Revolutionary SAMs: transforming inverted perovskite solar cells

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2024, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/D4TA00962B, Highlight
Hongshi Li, ShunChang Liu
Revolutionary self-assembled monolayers, represented by xPACz, have propelled the rapid improvement in the performance of inverted perovskite solar cells.
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Achieving giant energy density/efficiency in light-metal-element-rich relaxor ferroelectric ceramic by annihilating the volatile Schottky defects

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2024, Accepted Manuscript
DOI: 10.1039/D4TA00867G, Paper
Kunjie Lou, Yizheng Bao, Jun Chai, Jiyue Wu, Yanshuang Hao, Shaozheng Zhang, Genshui Wang
With the rapid growth of energy storage capacitors in advanced power systems, the pursuit of lightweight is gradually important despite the urgent need for device miniaturization. To reduce the weight...
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Size and orientation of polar nanoregions characterized by PDF analysis and using a statistical model in a Bi(Mg1/2Ti1/2)O3–PbTiO3 ferroelectric re-entrant relaxor

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2024, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/D4TA00240G, Paper
Laijun Liu, Kaiyuan Chen, Dawei Wang, Manuel Hinterstein, Anna-Lena Hansen, Michael Knapp, Biaolin Peng, Xianran Xing, Yuanpeng Zhang, Jing Kong, Abhijit Pramanick, Mads Ry Vogel Jørgensen, Frederick Marlton
Local structure information of relaxor ferroelectrics is key to a clear understanding of their structure–property relationships. The size of polar nanoregions is determined based on the local atomic displacement and dielectric response.
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Cationic Radical Metal–Organic Framework Enabling Low Water Evaporation Enthalpy and High Photothermal Conversion Efficiency for Solar-Driven Water Purification

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2024, Accepted Manuscript
DOI: 10.1039/D4TA01126K, Paper
Zi-Yu Wang, Rui Wang, Hannah M Johnson, Lei Cai, An-An Zhang, Qiang Zhang, Tianfu Liu
Solar vapor generation is a promising and sustainable strategy to purify seawater and contaminated water sources. Yet, efficient integration between solar capture and desalination remains a critical challenge. In this...
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Multifunctional buried interface modification for efficient and stable SnO2-based perovskite solar cells

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2024, Accepted Manuscript
DOI: 10.1039/D4TA00108G, Paper
Rui Wu, Junhua Meng, Yiming Shi, Zhengchang Xia, Chunxia Yan, Lisheng Zhang, Wenkang Liu, Jinliang Zhao, JinXiang Deng, Xing Wang Zhang
Buried interface modification with multiple roles is key to boost the performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, a multifunctional passivator, N-(2-hydroxyethyl) ethylene diamine triacetic acid trisodium salt (HEDTA-3Na), is...
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Melatonin treatment as an anti-aging therapy for UV-related degradation of perovskite solar cells

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2024, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/D4TA01332H, Paper
Fei Liu, Agnes Valencia, Yuhua Zhu, Xiangyang Zhang, Weilu Li, Walid A. Daoud
With the ability to absorb UV light and scavenge radicals, the melatonin modified perovskite exhibits enhanced anti-aging and resistance to UV-related degradation.
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Highly stable photovoltaic effects in A2+–Zr4+ (A = Ca, Sr, Ba) co-doped BiFeO3 films with self-polarization

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2024, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/D4TA00649F, Paper
Lei Shi, Wenyue Zhao, Zhao Wang, Wenjing Hua, Xiaoxia Yang, Weidong Fei, Yu Zhao
The photovoltaic responses and temperature stabilities of A2+–Zr4+ (A = Ca, Sr, Ba) composite doped BiFeO3 films with self-polarization were enhanced in the R to MA phase transition.
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Molecular-polaron-coupling-enhanced photocatalytic CO2 reduction on copper phthalocyanine/NiMgFe layered double hydroxide nanocomposites

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2024, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/D3TA07538A, Paper
Yuexian Li, Wenli Su, Xiaoyan Wang, Jun Lu, Wenkai Zhang, Shuo Wei
We built CuPcS/NiMgFe-LDHs composites and probed the unique photogenerated-carrier transfer mechanism. A series of long-range Forster energy transfers prolonged the lifetime of photogenerated carriers to match the timescale of surface reaction.
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Harvesting solar energy with a Ni-MOF-based evaporator for efficient solar thermal storage and steam generation

J. Mater. Chem. A, 2024, Advance Article
DOI: 10.1039/D4TA00203B, Paper
You Xu, Zhengyun Wang, Xianbao Wang, Zhenzhen Guo, Muhammad Sultan Irshad, Naila Arshad, Jiang Gong, Hongfang Liu, Guangfang Li
A hybrid solar evaporator comprising a Ni-based metal–organic framework material and a phase change material composite was fabricated for high performance solar-thermal energy storage and continuous solar vapor generation.
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Stronger Polar Ferromagnetism and Narrower Optical Band Gaps in Two-Dimensional Hybrid Copper Perovskites Induced by Bromine-Substitution

J. Mater. Chem. C, 2024, Accepted Manuscript
DOI: 10.1039/D4TC03532A, Paper
Ceng Han, Jason Allan McNulty, Alasdair Bradford, Alexandra Slawin, Stephen Lee, Philip Lightfoot
Two-dimensional (2D) organic–inorganic hybrid perovskites are attracting great interest due to their structural tunability and rich functional characteristics. Here, we report a series 2D layered hybrid copper (II) halide perovskites...
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Dopant-free Tert-butyl Zn (II) Phthalocyanines: Impact of Substitution on Photo-Physical Properties in Their Role in Perovskite Solar Cells

J. Mater. Chem. C, 2024, Accepted Manuscript
DOI: 10.1039/D4TC04013A, Paper
Mahdi Gassara, Jose Garcés-Garcés, Luis Lezama, Javier Ortiz, Fernando Fernandez-Lazaro, Samrana Kazim, Angela Sastre-Santos, Shahzada Ahmad
We synthesized molecular hole-transporting materials (HTMs) featuring a zinc phthalocyanine (ZnPc) central core and modulated the non-perypheral position with different numbers of tert-butyl groups. The synthesized molecules were also integrated...
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Pakistan court acquits Imran Khan, his close aides in Section 144 violation case

The dismissal of the case against Khan comes as a kind of relief for someone who has been incarcerated since August last year




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Man arrested for smuggling PDS rice near Jolarpet town




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Saatvik Green Energy enters solar pump biz with order from Maharashtra

Saatvik Green Energy partners with Maharashtra State Electricity Distribution Company to supply solar submersible pumps, supporting sustainable irrigation solutions.




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CAIT accuses quick commerce players of violating FDI norms and anti-competitive practices

The traders’ body also accused the quick commerce platforms of using “vertical agreements” to control supply, pricing, and distribution, causing significant harm to competition in the market




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3 Chinese solar firms under IT scanner for tax avoidance

IT department says the firms’ did not disclose the ‘permanent establishment’ status of their Indian subsidiaries




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ACME Solar ends 12% lower on listing day

Stock ends at ₹253.50 against IPO price of ₹289 on BSE




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Olaf From The Movie Frozen

Olaf From The Movie Frozen by Trevor Mezak is a(n) Limited Edition. The Edition is Limited to Limited Edition Of 95 pcs




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Egat keen to expedite 15 solar farm projects

The Electricity Generating Authority of Thailand (Egat) wants to accelerate the development of 15 planned floating solar farm projects with a total capacity of 2,656 megawatts on the reservoirs of its six hydroelectric dams under the new national power development plan (PDP) of 2024.




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2023 Science Laboratories Network, PaleoLab Workshop Report, SC-Calgary, March 14-16, 2023

Bringué, M; Komaromi, L. Geological Survey of Canada, Open File 9068, 2023, 9 pages, https://doi.org/10.4095/332300
<a href="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/gid_332300.jpg"><img src="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/gid_332300.jpg" title="Geological Survey of Canada, Open File 9068, 2023, 9 pages, https://doi.org/10.4095/332300" height="150" border="1" /></a>




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DPD Poland gets closer to its customers, providing 24/7 convenience in cities and rural areas

DPD Poland has now installed more than 8,000 SwipBox Infinity lockers in its nationwide network of 30,000 pickup points and lockers. By the end of 2024, another 1,000 lockers will be installed.




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Nicholas Narraway Shines In UK Time-Trial

Bermuda cyclist Nicholas Narraway claimed victory in the 2-Up Droitwich Cycling Club time-trial in Flyford Flavell, Worcestershire, England, on Tuesday [August 27]. Narraway, competing in a field of 31 riders, posted a time of 19min 22sec and was only a few seconds off the course record. In a social media post, the Droitwich Cycling Club […]




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Nicholas Narraway Wins Banbury Time-Trial

Bermudian cyclist Nicholas Narraway continued his fine form after setting a course record on the new Banbury Star K4/10B ten-mile time-trial in Banbury, Oxfordshire, England, on Wednesday [August 28]. Narraway, who rides for Team California, completed the course in a time of 19min 49sec. The previous day, Narraway claimed victory in the 2-Up Droitwich Cycling […]




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Nicholas Narraway Finishes 37th In Time-Trial

Bermuda cyclist Nicholas Narraway came 37th in the men’s under-23 time-trial in the UCI World Championships in Zurich, Switzerland, today [September 23]. He finished 3.38sec behind race winner Ivan Romeo, of Spain, who completed the course in 36:42. Narraway competes in the under-23 road race on Friday. Related Stories Cyclists Head To Guyana For Championships […]




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Zymo Research Fights Back Against Qiagen's Lawsuit, Asserts Antitrust Violations and Attempts to Stifle Innovation

Zymo Research Corporation (Zymo Research), a leader in innovative life science solutions, announced today that it has filed claims in the United District Court for the Central District of California against Qiagen GmbH (Qiagen) alleging that Qiagen has engaged in antitrust violations and improperly interfered with Zymo Research's contractual relations.




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Orbitofrontal Cortex Mediates Sustained Basolateral Amygdala Encoding of Cued Reward-Seeking States

Basolateral amygdala (BLA) neurons are engaged by emotionally salient stimuli. An area of increasing interest is how BLA dynamics relate to evolving reward-seeking behavior, especially under situations of uncertainty or ambiguity. Here, we recorded the activity of individual BLA neurons in male rats across the acquisition and extinction of conditioned reward seeking. We assessed ongoing neural dynamics in a task where long reward cue presentations preceded an unpredictable, variably time reward delivery. We found that, with training, BLA neurons discriminated the CS+ and CS– cues with sustained cue-evoked activity that correlated with behavior and terminated only after reward receipt. BLA neurons were bidirectionally modulated, with a majority showing prolonged inhibition during cued reward seeking. Strikingly, population-level analyses revealed that neurons showing cue-evoked inhibitions and those showing excitations similarly represented the CS+ and behavioral state. This sustained population code rapidly extinguished in parallel with conditioned behavior. We next assessed the contribution of the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC), a major reciprocal partner to the BLA. Inactivation of the OFC while simultaneously recording in the BLA revealed a blunting of sustained cue-evoked activity in the BLA that accompanied reduced reward seeking. Optogenetic disruption of BLA activity and OFC terminals in the BLA also reduced reward seeking. Our data indicate that the BLA represents reward-seeking states via sustained, bidirectional cue-driven neural encoding. This code is regulated by cortical input and is important for the maintenance of vigilant reward-seeking behavior.




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Prophetic art for the people of Isola del Gran Sasso

OM Arts artists participating in the Incarnate programme in Italy create a collaborative piece of prophetic art for the local community.




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Karnataka Chitrakala Parishath remembers Nicholas Roerich with exhibition on till November 18

Roerich was an artist whose life and art bridged Russian and Indian cultural traditions.




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Ola Launches Enterprise Transportation Solution

Leading app-based cab service provider Ola on Monday launched Ola Corporate - an enterprise transportation solution aimed at transforming the way India Inc. travels




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Renewable Energy: Power generation expert Shahroz Anjum leads way in solar optimisation

At Alliant Energy, Anjum's leadership is more than technical expertise; she also implements sustainable energy solutions. Her responsibilities include overseeing the design, construction, and maintenance of large-scale solar projects, ensuring they meet high performance and sustainability standards.




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Desiderius Erasmus (1466-1536) - Erasmus' Bible Version the 'Textus Receptus' meaning the 'Received Texts' - In considering the experiences of Linacre and Colet, the great scholar Erasmus was so moved to correct the corrupt Latin Vulga

Writings of Erasmus: His more serious writings begin early with the Enchiridion Militis Christiani, the "Manual (or Dagger) of the Christian Gentleman" (1503). In this little volume Erasmus outlines the views of the normal Christian life which he was to spend the rest of his days in elaborating. The key-note of it all is sincerity. The chief evil of the day, he says, is formalism, a respect for traditions, a regard for what other people think essential, but never a thought of what the true teaching of Christ may be. Another of Erasmus's books worthy of mention was, Praise of Folly, dedicated to his friend Sir Thomas More. -- While in England Erasmus began the systematic examination of manuscripts of the New Testament to prepare for a new edition and Latin translation. This edition was published by Froben of Basel in 1516 and was the basis of most of the scientific study of the Bible during the Reformation period. It was the first attempt on the part of a competent and liberal-minded scholar to ascertain what the writers of the New Testament had actually said. The Greek text produced by Erasmus is known as textus receptus and was the basis for the King James Version of the New Testament. Erasmus dedicated his work ironically, to Pope Leo X., and he justly regarded this work as his chief service to the cause of a sound Christianity. Immediately after he began the publication of his Paraphrases of the New Testament, a popular presentation of the contents of the several books. These, like all the writings of Erasmus, were in Latin, but they were at once translated into the common languages of the European peoples, a process which received the hearty approval of Erasmus himself.



  • Christian Church History Study
  • 4. 1881 A.D. to Present (2012) - Corrupt modern bible translations and compromised Seminaries and Universities

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Pagan Christianity (by Frank Viola and George Barna) Reviewed - Like most reformers, Viola manages to express some valid issues that need attention - He well states the clergy-laity distinction - He is clear about the disastrous domination of clergymen, t

I understand the "excessive and pathological dependence on the clergy," but I'm not willing to classify all preaching within that condemnation. (This is the same old stuff - human abuse is cited as the reason to cast out something legitimate when used properly.) When we tell people what the Word of God says and challenge the right response, there is no excess or pathology in that! Let's expose and condemn the real problem, without throwing out the legitimate. -- And I'm wondering about something. Frank Viola has written a book. What is it that lifts his book out of the condemned category? What if someone read his book to a group of people (he does affirm his book to be needed truth)? Would the reading of his book stifle spiritual health and create a pathological dependence on his writings or books in general? Nonsense. -- Don't overlook, Viola is a high school teacher. When he speaks to a class in a building with attention focused on him, does he consider that to be an exercise that is passive, tradition bound and pagan? Likewise, he "speaks at church-life conferences!" Apparently the kind of speaking he does he values in some way. Yet he reacts with outrage when someone stands before an audience and directs their attention to the text of Scripture in an orderly form without interruption. This is the excess and decoration of a militant reformer, who is in bondage to his system while attacking another. It is gimmickry and passion born in the contention of a reformers narrow mentality, not based on the content of Scripture. -- Behind the charm and sophistry of these reformers there is an arrogant spirit. Mr. Viola wants us to know that "the NT is not a manual for church practice." Yet, he wants us to be led by "the light that is within you!" When all of that has been said, the footnote on the last page of the book is truly the bottom line. He says in this small print entry: "If you plan to leave the institutional church, I strongly recommend that you read the next volume in this series: So You Want To Start A House Church? First-Century Styled Church Planting For Today. It will give you the next step." -- Unbelievable! He steers us away from the New Testament, then recommends his next book as our next step. Now here is my recommendation. Don't let any man dictate "the next step." Not Viola, Berkley or any man. Open the Bible. Read what it says, and let God direct your steps (Psa. 37:23; 119:133). --- Good Recently Published Resources To Study The House Church Movement: "The House Church Movement," Harry Osborne; in The Renewing Of Your Mind, 2004 Truth Magazine Lectures, GOT Foundation, 2004. "The House Church Movement," Jim Deason; True Worship, 2205 FC Lectures. By Warren E. Berkley The Front Page From Expository Files 13.1 January 2006.



  • Christian Church History Study
  • 4. 1881 A.D. to Present (2012) - Corrupt modern bible translations and compromised Seminaries and Universities

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The CalvaryChapelAbuse.com website - Sue says -- January 4, 2012 at 7:48 pm, 4 years ago I read "Pagan Christianity" by Frank Viola and it was a very freeing book - Also another book that's really helped me heal is "The Subtle Power of

Reaching4Truth says: January 3, 2012 at 3:01 pm -- Hanna, you said: "I still keep my hopes up that we will find a church, but as I have said before..in our town it is all about who can have the biggest church, who can draw the largest crowd, who can own more hotels and claim more territory on the monopoly board. People have no idea what the Pastor is purchasing in terms of real estate and investments, and they don't really even care because they trust him completely." -- This is not just a phenomenon in your town, but is widespread everywhere. Because in this era, pastors have been given celebrity status and encouraged to build their kingdoms, their resume, on ideas borrowed from the business realm. Over time they've been seduced by numerous voices from without and within the evangelical world, to produce measurably "effective" and "successful" ministries.. Pursuing and inculcating worldly business values and methodologies and wrongly applying them to the church and the realm of ministry. And basically it turns out to be an abandonment of their allegiance to the Lord in exchange for the approval of men and the respect of men, both in the church and in the world. -- Pastors and ministry leaders have been seduced by things appealing to their pride to pursue accomplishments and a measure of renown - respectability - for themselves. To be someone that others in the community (church and beyond) look up to and speak well of. -- Through many avenues and means, Christian pastors and ministry leaders have received worldly advice dressed up in acceptable Christian language, and coming from trusted "christian" sources. I employ the quotes because to look at the nature of what has come to be accepted as wise Christian insight and counsel, through resources such as Leadership Journal and Christianity Today, just to name two among a plethora of resources with a large readership among pastors, is to find, if one compares the "wisdom" offered from such sources, they wander quite a distance from sound spiritual wisdom or true compatibility with the word of God. -- Our pastors have been drinking from poisoned wells, even from what have been in the past trusted Christian sources. But, minus the requisite discretion and discernment that is expected of those we trust, a scourge has set upon the churches. Having listened to and consulted the voices of so many Pied Pipers in the business realm, there is very little left now of truly Holy Spirit-inspired leadership. We have been in the business of exchanging the truth of God for a lie for so long that we can barely distinguish the difference. Church and ministry leaders, in their efforts to win the worldly (yes I mean "worldly") to Christ through clever means, have drunk deeply from the wells of "vain philosophy and empty deceit". And we are sadly observing the results of that exchange. -- Clever wolves have entered in, and/or risen up from our midst, and had their effect upon the churches. I have observed with great sadness and sobriety the Christian establishment being given over to a host of clever lies and the spirit of the world. -- And hero worship has had a lot to do with it. A WHOLE lot to do with it. I think it's for lack of (or for need of) a hero in our lives that we (pastors and their flocks) have become worshippers of admired Christian men, inclined to enshrine them in a sort of "holy glow" - a sort of spiritual 'static' where we assume they will always and forever continue in a faithful path, as if they can do no wrong and, like their Lord, were immaculately conceived of the Holy Spirit. -- We have been, the whole lot of us - pastors and others alike - led onto deceptive paths because of having given our unquestioning trust to men with feet of clay. I believe we have entered a time of the Lord cleaning house, and waking His people up from a long slumber, a longer slumber than we would guess, wherein the enemy has now effectively infiltrated the mustard tree and overspread the churches. -- Jesus was careful to warn us that these days would come, and tremendous deception all around us was given as a key sign of the nearness of His return. He led with "See to it THAT NO MAN DECEIVES YOU." It was much more a matter of having our eyes/hearts exercised to recognize cleverly cloaked deception and delusion than it was ever a call to make an idol of earthly Jerusalem, for instance. JESUS is to be our focus; ALWAYS JESUS. We were instructed not to put our trust in man, but only IN HIM. -- So… pastors are to blame, for having wandered from the scriptures as their sole source of spiritual light, life and guidance, and succumbing to spiritual blindness… but so are we. We are living in a time of strong hero worship, leading to strong delusion, with sobering effect. The sooner we return our affection to the LORD and away from faulty leaders, the better for all of us. -- Chuck Smith is simply one example of what hero worship - the desire to elevate a hero in our midst (besides Jesus) can lead to. By giving our indiscriminate trust to men we admire, we forget that they can be just as prone to sin and error as the rest of us. The mercy of God is a great need in all of our lives, and our relationship with Him is to be first and foremost. I need these reminders as much as the next person. --- Lord, I'm thankful for your MERCY and your GREAT, GREAT kindness to us. Help us wind our way out of this mess we find ourselves in and into singlehearted allegiance to You and affection for your word. Clean us up and restore the broken places? and rekindle our love for YOU.



  • Christian Church History Study
  • 4. 1881 A.D. to Present (2012) - Corrupt modern bible translations and compromised Seminaries and Universities

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Sir Francis Bacon (1561-1626) -- (Occult) philosopher and statesman, was the youngest son of Sir Nicholas Bacon, Lord Keeper, by his second wife - In 1596 he was made a Queen's Counsel, but missed the appointment of Master of the Rolls, and in the nex

Bacon, Francis, Lord Verulam, and Viscount St. Alban's, philosopher and statesman, was the youngest son of Sir Nicholas Bacon, Lord Keeper, by his second wife, a daughter of Sir Anthony Cooke, whose sister married William Cecil, Lord Burghley, the great minister of Queen Elizabeth. He was born at York House in the Strand on Jan. 22, 1561, and in his 13th year was sent with his elder brother Anthony to Trinity College, Cambridge. Here he first met the Queen, who was impressed by his precocious intellect, and was accustomed to call him "the young Lord Keeper." Here also he became dissatisfied with the Aristotelian philosophy as being unfruitful and leading only to resultless disputation. -- In 1576 he entered Gray's Inn, and in the same year joined the embassy of Sir Amyas Paulet to France, where he remained until 1579. The death of his father in that year, before he had completed an intended provision for him, gave an adverse turn to his fortunes, and rendered it necessary that he should decide upon a profession. He accordingly returned to Gray's Inn, and, after an unsuccessful attempt to induce Burghley to give him a post at court, and thus enable him to devote himself to a life of learning, he gave himself seriously to the study of law, and was called to the Bar in 1582. He did not, however, desert philosophy, and published a Latin tract, Temporis Partus Maximus (the Greatest Birth of Time), the first rough draft of his own system. -- Two years later, in 1584, he entered the House of Commons as member for Melcombe, sitting subsequently for Taunton (1586), Liverpool (1589), Middlesex (1593), and Southampton (1597). In the Parliament of 1586 he took a prominent part in urging the execution of Mary Queen of Scots. About this time he seems again to have approached his powerful uncle, the result of which may possibly be traced in his rapid progress at the Bar, and in his receiving, in 1589, the reversion to the Clerkship of the Star Chamber, a valuable appointment, into the enjoyment of which, however, he did not enter until 1608. -- About 1591 he formed a friendship with the Earl of Essex, from whom he received many tokens of kindness ill requited. In 1593 the offices of Attorney-general, and subsequently of Solicitor-general became vacant, and Essex used his influence on Bacon's behalf, but unsuccessfully, the former being given to Coke, the famous lawyer. These disappointments may have been owing to a speech made by Bacon on a question of subsidies. To console him for them Essex presented him with a property at Twickenham, which he subsequently sold for £1800, equivalent to a much larger sum now. -- In 1596 he was made a Queen's Counsel, but missed the appointment of Master of the Rolls, and in the next year (1597), he published the first edition of his Essays, ten in number, combined with Sarced Meditations and the Coulours of Good and Evil. By 1601 Essex had lost the Queen's favour, and had raised his rebellion, and Bacon was one of those appointed to investigate the charges against him, and examine witnesess, in connection with which he showed an ungrateful and indecent eagerness in pressing the case against his former friend and benefactor, who was executed on Feb. 25, 1601. This act Bacon endeavoured to justify in A Declaration of the Practices and Treasons, etc., of...the Earl of Essex, etc. His circumstances had for some time been bad, and he had been arrested for debt: he had, however, received a gift of a fine of £1200 on one of Essex's accomplices. -- The accession of James VI in 1603 gave a favourable turn to his fortunes: he was knighted, and endeavoured to set himself right with the new powers by writing his Apologie (defence) of his proceedings in the case of Essex, who had favoured the succession of James. In the first Parliament of the new king he sat for St. Alban's, and was appointed a Commissioner for Union with Scotland. In 1605 he published The Advancement of Learning, dedicated, with fulsome flattery, to the king. The following year he married Alice Barnham, the daughter of a London merchant, and in 1607 he was made Solicitor-General, and wrote Cogita et Visa, a first sketch of the Novum Organum, followed in 1609 by The Wisdom of the Ancients. -- Meanwhile (in 1608), he had entered upon the Clerkship of the Star Chamber, and was in the enjoyment of a large income; but old debts and present extravagance kept him embarrassed, and he endeavoured to obtain further promotion and wealth by supporting the king in his arbitrary policy. In 1613 he became Attorney-General, and in this capacity prosecuted Somerset in 1616. The year 1618 saw him Lord Keeper, and the next Lord Chancellor and Baron Verulam, a title which, in 1621, he exchanged for that of Viscount St. Albans. Meanwhile he had written the New Atlantis, a political romance, and in 1620 he presented to the king the Novum Organum, on which he had been engaged for 30 years, and which ultimately formed the main part of the Instauratio Magna. -- In his great office Bacon showed a failure of character in striking contrast with the majesty of his intellect. He was corrupt alike politically and judicially, and now the hour of retribution arrived. In 1621 a Parliamentary Committee on the administration of the law charged him with corruption under 23 counts; and so clear was the evidence that he made no attempt at defence. To the lords, who sent a committee to inquire whether the confession was really his, he replied, "My lords, it is my act, my hand, and my heart; I beseech your lordships to be merciful to a broken reed." He was sentenced to a fine of £40,000, remitted by the king, to be committed to the Tower during the king's pleasure (which was that he should be released in a few days), and to be incapable of holding office or sitting in parliament. He narrowly escaped being deprived of his titles. -- Thenceforth he devoted himself to study and writing. In 1622 appeared his History of Henry VII, and the 3rd part of the Instauratio; in 1623, History of Life and Death, the De Augmentis Scientarum, a Latin translation of the Advancement, and in 1625 the 3rd edition of the Essays, now 58 in number. He also published Apophthegms, and a translation of some of the Psalms. -- His life was now approaching its close. In March, 1626, he came to London, and shortly after, when driving on a snowy day, the idea struck him of making an experiment as to the antiseptic properties of snow, in consequence of which he caught a chill, which ended in his death on 9th April 1626. He left debts to the amount of £22,000. At the time of his death he was engaged upon Sylva Sylvarum. -- The intellect of Bacon was one of the most powerful and searching ever possessed by man, and his developments of the inductive philosophy revolutionised the future thought of the human race.



  • Christian Church History Study
  • 3. 1522 A.D. to 1880 A.D. - Indigenous Bible translations and Church Doctrines era - The Reformation

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Wikipedia: William Tyndale (1494 - 1536 A.D.) -- was an English scholar and translator who became a leading figure in Protestant reformism towards the end of his life - He was influenced by the work of Desiderius Erasmus, who made the Greek New Testament

Tyndale was the first to translate considerable parts of the Bible from the original languages (Greek and Hebrew) into English. While a number of partial and complete translations had been made from the seventh century onward, particularly during the 14th century, Tyndale's was the first English translation to draw directly from Hebrew and Greek texts, and the first to take advantage of the new medium of print, which allowed for its wide distribution. This was taken to be a direct challenge to the hegemony of both the Roman Catholic Church and the English church and state. Tyndale also wrote, in 1530, The Practyse of Prelates, opposing Henry VIII's divorce on the grounds that it contravened scriptural law. -- In 1535, Tyndale was arrested and jailed in the castle of Vilvoorde outside Brussels for over a year. He was tried for heresy, choked, impaled and burnt on a stake in 1536. The Tyndale Bible, as it was known, continued to play a key role in spreading Reformation ideas across the English-speaking world. The fifty-four independent scholars who created the King James Version of the bible in 1611 drew significantly on Tyndale's translations. One estimation suggests the New Testament in the King James Version is 83% Tyndale's, and the Old Testament 76%. -- Printed works: Most well known for his translation of the Bible, Tyndale was an active writer and translator. Not only did Tyndale's works focus on the way in which religion should be carried out, but were also greatly keyed towards the political arena. "They have ordained that no man shall look on the Scripture, until he be noselled in heathen learning eight or nine years and armed with false principles, with which he is an clean shut out of the understanding of the Scripture."



  • Christian Church History Study
  • 3. 1522 A.D. to 1880 A.D. - Indigenous Bible translations and Church Doctrines era - The Reformation

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Wikipedia: Thomas Aquinas (1225 - 7 March 1274), also Thomas of Aquin or Aquino, was an Italian Dominican priest of the Catholic Church, and an immensely influential philosopher and theologian in the tradition of scholasticism, known as Doctor Angelicus,

Thomas is held in the Catholic Church to be the model teacher for those studying for the priesthood. The works for which he is best-known are the Summa Theologica and the Summa Contra Gentiles. As one of the 33 Doctors of the Church, he is considered the Church's greatest theologian and philosopher. Pope Benedict XV declared: "This (Dominican) Order ... acquired new luster when the Church declared the teaching of Thomas to be her own and that Doctor, honored with the special praises of the Pontiffs, the master and patron of Catholic schools."



  • Christian Church History Study
  • 2. 313 A.D. to 1521 A.D. - Revised Rome and the Holy Roman Empire

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Eusebius of Caesarea (263 - 339 A.D.) also called Eusebius Pamphili - a Roman historian, exegete and Christian polemicist - He became the Bishop of Caesarea in Palestine [Israel] about the year 314 A.D. - Together with Pamphilus, he was a scholar of the B

Eusebius of Caesarea (c. AD 263 - 339) also called Eusebius Pamphili, was a Roman historian, exegete and Christian polemicist. He became the Bishop of Caesarea in Palestine about the year 314. Together with Pamphilus, he was a scholar of the Biblical canon. He wrote Demonstrations of the Gospel, Preparations for the Gospel, and On Discrepancies between the Gospels, studies of the Biblical text. As "Father of Church History" he produced the Ecclesiastical History, On the Life of Pamphilus, the Chronicle and On the Martyrs. ... Little is known about the life of Eusebius. His successor at the see of Caesarea, Acacius, wrote a Life of Eusebius, but this work has been lost. Eusebius' own surviving works probably only represent a small portion of his total output. Since he was on the losing side of the long 4th-century contest between the allies and enemies of Arianism (Eusebius was an early and vocal supporter of *Arius), posterity did not have much respect for Eusebius' person and was neglectful in the preservation of his writings. Beyond notices in his extant writings, the major sources are the 5th-century ecclesiastical historians Socrates, Sozomen, and Theodoret, and the 4th-century Christian author Jerome. There are assorted notices of his activities in the writings of his contemporaries Athanasius, Arius (Arianism heresy), Eusebius of Nicomedia, and Alexander of Alexandria. Eusebius' pupil, Eusebius of Emesa, provides some incidental information. -- By the 3rd century, Caesarea had a population of about 100,000. It had been a pagan city since Pompey had given control of the city to the gentiles during his command of the eastern provinces in the 60s BC. The gentiles retained control of the city in the three centuries since that date, despite Jewish petitions for joint governorship. Gentile government was strengthened by the city's refoundation under Herod the Great (r. 37-4 BC), when it had taken on the name of Augustus Caesar. In addition to the gentile settlers, Caesarea had large Jewish and Samaritan minorities. Eusebius was probably born into the Christian contingent of the city. Caesarea's Christian community presumably had a history reaching back to apostolic times, but it is a common claim that no bishops are attested for the town before about AD 190, even though the Apostolic Constitutions 7.46 states that Zacchaeus was the first bishop. -- Through the activities of the theologian Origen (185/6-254) and the school of his follower Pamphilus (later 3rd century - 309 AD), Caesarea became a center of Christian learning. Origen was largely responsible for the collection of usage information regarding the texts which became the New Testament. The information used to create the late-fourth-century Easter Letter, which declared accepted Christian writings, was probably based on the Ecclesiastical History [HE] of Eusebius of Caesarea, wherein he uses the information passed on to him by Origen to create both his list at HE 3:25 and Origen's list at HE 6:25. Eusebius got his information about what texts were accepted by the third-century churches throughout the known world, a great deal of which Origen knew of firsthand from his extensive travels, from the library and writings of Origen. In fact, Origen would have possibly included in his list of "inspired writings" other texts which were kept out by the likes of Eusebius, including the Epistle of Barnabas, Shepherd of Hermas, and 1 Clement. On his deathbed, Origen had made a bequest of his private library to the Christian community in the city. Together with the books of his patron Ambrosius, Origen's library (including the original manuscripts of his works formed the core of the collection that Pamphilus established. Pamphilus also managed a school that was similar to (or perhaps a re-establishment of) that of Origen. Pamphilus was compared to Demetrius of Phalerum and Pisistratus, for he had gathered Bibles "from all parts of the world". Like his model Origen, Pamphilus maintained close contact with his students. Eusebius, in his history of the persecutions, alludes to the fact that many of the Caesarean martyrs lived together, presumably under Pamphilus.



  • Christian Church History Study
  • 1. 0 A.D. to 312 A.D. - Birth of Jesus and the early Church Age

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Origen Adamantius of Alexandria (184-254 A.D.) - Origen was an early Christian Alexandrian scholar and theologian, and one of the most distinguished writers of the early Church - As early as the fourth century, his orthodoxy was suspect, in part because h

Origen was probaby born in Alexandria, to Christian parents. Origen was educated by his father, St. Leonides, who gave him a standard Hellenistic education, but also had him study the Christian Scriptures. In 202, Origen's father was martyred in the outbreak of the persecution during the reign of Septimius Severus. A story reported by Eusebius has it that Origen wished to follow him in martyrdom, but was prevented only by his mother hiding his clothes. The death of Leonides left the family of nine impoverished when their property was confiscated. Origen, however, was taken under the protection of a woman of wealth and standing; but as her household already included a heretic named Paul, the strictly orthodox Origen seems to have remained with her only a short time. -- Eusebius of Caesarea, our chief witness to Origen's life, says that in 203 Origen revived the Catechetical School of Alexandria where Clement of Alexandria had once taught but had apparently been driven out during the persecution under Severus. Many modern scholars, however, doubt that Clement's school had been an official ecclesiastical institution as Origen's was and thus deny continuity between the two. But the persecution still raged, and the young teacher visited imprisoned Christians, attended the courts, and comforted the condemned, himself preserved from persecution because the persecution was probably limited only to converts to Christianity. His fame and the number of his pupils increased rapidly, so that Bishop Demetrius of Alexandria, made him restrict himself to instruction in Christian doctrine alone. -- His own interests became more and more centered in exegesis, and he accordingly studied Hebrew, though there is no certain knowledge concerning his instructor in that language. From about this period (212-213) dates Origen's acquaintance with Ambrose of Alexandria, whom he was instrumental in converting from Valentinianism to orthodoxy. Later (about 218 A.D.) Ambrose of Alexandria {not to be confused with Saint Ambrose (337 - 4 April 397 A.D.) Bishop of Milan}, a man of wealth, made a formal agreement with Origen to promulgate his writings, and all the subsequent works of Origen (except his sermons, which were not expressly prepared for publication) were dedicated to Ambrose. In 213 or 214, Origen visited Arabia at the request of the prefect, who wished to have an interview with him; and Origen accordingly spent a brief time in Petra, after which he returned to Alexandria. In the following year, a popular uprising at Alexandria caused Caracalla to let his soldiers plunder the city, shut the schools, and expel all foreigners. The latter measure caused Ambrose to take refuge in Caesarea, where he seems to have made his permanent home; and Origen left Egypt, apparently going with Ambrose to Caesarea, where he spent some time. Here, in conformity with local usage based on Jewish custom, Origen, though not ordained, preached and interpreted the Scriptures at the request of the bishops Alexander of Jerusalem and Theoctistus of Caesarea. When, however, the confusion in Alexandria subsided, Demetrius recalled Origen, probably in 216 A.D. -- Origen excelled in multiple branches of theological scholarship, including textual criticism, biblical interpretation, philosophical theology, preaching, and spirituality. Some of his teachings, however, quickly became controversial. Notably, he frequently referred to his hypothesis of the pre-existence of souls. As in the beginning all intelligent beings were united to God, Origen also held out the possibility, though he did not assert so definitively, that in the end all beings, perhaps even the arch-fiend Satan, would be reconciled to God in what is called the apokatastasis ("restitution"). Origen's views on the Trinity, in which he saw the Son of God as subordinate to God the Father, became controversial during the Arian controversy of the fourth century, though a subordinationist view was common among the ante-Nicene Fathers. A group who came to be known as Origenists, and who firmly believed in the preexistence of souls and the apokatastasis, were declared anathema in the 6th century. This condemnation is attributed to the Second Ecumenical Council of Constantinople, though it does not appear in the council's official minutes. Few scholars today believe that Origen should be blamed, as he commonly was in the past, for tentatively putting forward hypotheses, later judged heretical, on certain philosophical problems during a time when Christian doctrine was somewhat unclear on said problems.



  • Christian Church History Study
  • 1. 0 A.D. to 312 A.D. - Birth of Jesus and the early Church Age

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StandUpForTheTruth.com: P2 Christian apologist and talk show host Chris Rosebrough (Fighting For The Faith) was recently the featured guest on Stand Up For The Truth radio show - Via: SolaSisters blog (Mp3)

Christian apologist and talk show host Chris Rosebrough (Fighting For The Faith) was recently the featured guest on Stand Up For The Truth radio show. From the Stand Up For The Truth website: "We know that the God of the Bible is not the same god of the Qur'an. Yahweh of the Bible became flesh 2,000 years ago to be that perfect lamb, the Son, the atonement for our sins. The Jesus we believe in is God. But Allah of the Qur'an did not have a son. There was no atonement, no hope of a Messiah, and no grace for sinners. The Christian God and the Muslim Allah cannot be one and the same. And yet there are a growing number of Christians and Muslims who are combining the faith-syncretizing the two into one. That's called Chrislam, and it is heresy. -- This week the Orange County Register reported in an article that leadership of Pastor Rick Warren's Saddleback Church believe that Muslims and Christians believe in the same God. Is the article accurate? Is that truly what these leaders believe? Our guest today has communicated with Rick Warren twice in the past few days, and it's as close as anyone has gotten to America's Pastor to hear in his own words what is going on. -- Chris Rosebrough is host of a daily two-hour internet radio program, Fighting For The Faith, heard around the world on Pirate Christian Radio, a broadcast group he started in his hometown of Indianapolis. Chris is at the forefront of those contending for the truth of God's Word."




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Medexus gets Health Canada nod to market tumor imaging material Gleolan for neurosurgery




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New Kickstarter, POLATAP: Premium bluetooth audio + battery kit for travelers

World's slimmest and lightest high-fidelity active noise cancelling Bluetooth earphones, portable battery that supports both iPhone and Android devices with built-in turbo charge cables, ultra-mini Bluetooth speaker. All three of these can be magnetically attached, combining into one simple and convenient package. This was the core concept behind the product they have developed.




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MoloLamken LLP Announces New Partner

The national litigation boutique MoloLamken LLP is pleased to announce that Jordan Rice has been named partner in the firm, effective February 1, 2023.




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MoloLamken Releases 2023 Supreme Court Business Briefing

The national litigation boutique MoloLamken LLP is pleased to announce the release of this year's MoloLamken Supreme Court Business Briefing.




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Pytlak // Deja Law Firm Joins the International Lawyers Network in Poland

The International Lawyers Network ("ILN") proudly announces the addition of Pytlak // Deja Law Firm to its esteemed membership. Based in Warsaw, Poland, Pytlak // Deja Law Firm is a premier independent law firm offering expert legal advice across a diverse spectrum of legal services.




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Advokatfirmaet Nicolaisen Strengthens the Legal Landscape in Norway for International Lawyers Network

The International Lawyers Network (ILN) proudly announces the addition of Advokatfirmaet Nicolaisen to its membership, further enriching its network of high-quality legal practitioners. Based in Norway, Advokatfirmaet Nicolaisen brings a wealth of experience and expertise, bolstering ILN's presence in the European legal landscape.




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The Barnes Firm To Award $50,000 In Scholarships To High School Seniors Graduating In 2024

The Barnes Firm College Scholarship will be presented to 10 graduating seniors residing in California and 10 graduating seniors residing in New York State.




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'It's not all doom' - Heston Blumenthal on bipolar diagnosis

The celebrity chef announced he was diagnosed with the mental health condition earlier this year.




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Israeli construction along buffer zone with Syria violates ceasefire, UN says

New trenches and berms are being constructed along the frontier in the occupied Golan Heights.