On the occasion of the 5th anniversary of 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and tsunami, OECD Secretary-General, Angel Gurría, shared his sustained support for the victims and their families.

Japan, one of the founding members of the OECD Development Centre, conveyed its intention to return as a member. Prime Minister Abe and Minister of Foreign Affairs Fumio Kishida confirmed Japan's commitment to the OECD Secretary General Gurría and Development Centre’s Director Mario Pezzini during their visit to Tokyo earlier this week.

The Secretary-General presented OECD’s recent analysis and recommendations on the world economy, on more balanced and efficient financial markets for growth, and on progress on the international tax system. He also spoke at the G7 High-Level Symposium “Future of the Global Economy”, organised by the Japanese G7 Presidency.

Japan, one of the founding members of the OECD Development Centre, makes a welcome return to the Centre. Japan’s re-entry is one of the milestones during a seminal week of activities at the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, including celebrating the 2016 OECD Week, holding its Ministerial Council Meeting and convening a High-Level Meeting of its Development Centre Governing Board.

In December 2014, the OECD Working Group on Bribery in International Business Transactions agreed to send a High Level Mission to Japan due to longstanding serious concerns about Japan’s implementation of the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention.

A high-level Working Group mission will visit Tokyo on 29-30 June 2016 and meet senior Japanese government officials.

This country note provides an environmental tax and carbon pricing profile for Japan. It shows environmentally related tax revenues, taxes on energy use and effective carbon rates.

The Japanese economy has gained momentum and is creating jobs, according to a new OECD report. The latest OECD Economic Survey of Japan, presented in Tokyo by OECD Secretary-General Angel Gurría, says that per capita growth rates in recent years have matched those across the OECD – a major improvement. The Survey underlines the key role Abenomics has played in the economic revival.

Facilitating female employment is particularly important given Japan’s shrinking and ageing population, which has already contributed to labour shortages.

Between 1999 and 2014, the number of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Japan dropped by 21% as a result of the retirement of ageing business owners and weak entrepreneurial intentions in the Japanese population.

The fourth annual edition of Revenue Statistics in Asian Countries covers seven countries, including Kazakhstan for the first time. It shows that the tax-to-GDP ratio in all these countries are lower than the OECD average of 34.3% in 2015, which highlights that scope remains for increasing tax mobilisation, especially in Indonesia, Kazakhstan, Malaysia and the Philippines to achieve sustainable growth.

These graphs offer a brief summary of the commodity trade situation in the country.

Japan must improve job quality and further reform the mandatory retirement age to address upfront the challenges of its rapidly ageing and shrinking labour force, according to a new OECD report.

The Japanese economy is undergoing the longest expansion in its post-war history, marked by strong job creation and business investment. Government policy must overcome the intertwined challenges posed by rapid population ageing and high government debt to ensure sustainable and inclusive growth for future generations, according to a new report from the OECD.

生産年齢人口（15歳から64歳）の減少にも関わらず、最近の景気拡大のために日本全体の雇用は着実に増加し、2018年には統計開始から過去最大となった。同年齢層の雇用率についても、過去最高に達している。

Despite a decline in its working-age population (aged 15-64), Japan’s total employment has been increasing steadily due to the recent economic expansion, and in 2018 reached its highest level since records began

International efforts to improve transparency via automatic exchange of information on financial accounts are improving tax compliance and delivering concrete results for governments worldwide, according to new data released today by the OECD.

OECD Secretary-General Angel Gurría and Japan’s Minister of Finance Taro Aso presided today over a signing ceremony to establish a new centre of the OECD International Academy for Tax Crime Investigation in Wako, Japan.

Japan must step up enforcement of its foreign bribery laws and strengthen the capacities of its law enforcement agencies to proactively detect, investigate and prosecute the foreign bribery offence, according to a new report by the OECD Working Group on Bribery.

Government at a Glance provides a dashboard of key indicators to help you analyse international comparisons of public sector performance.

Luxembourg recorded a government budget surplus of 1600 EUR Million in 2018. Government Budget Value in Luxembourg averaged 587.22 EUR Million from 1995 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 1600 EUR Million in 2018 and a record low of -358.40 EUR Million in 2004. The government budget balance is the difference between government revenues and expenses. The budget is balanced when outlays equal to receipts, the country reports budget surplus when revenues are higher than expenses and deficit when expenses exceed the revenues. This page provides - Luxembourg Government Budget Value - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Government Revenues in Luxembourg increased to 26788.30 EUR Million in 2018 from 24525.60 EUR Million in 2017. Government Revenues in Luxembourg averaged 15166.20 EUR Million from 1995 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 26788.30 EUR Million in 2018 and a record low of 6838.20 EUR Million in 1995. Government Revenues refer to all receipts the government gets, including taxes, custom duties, revenue from state-owned enterprises, capital revenues and foreign aid. Government Revenues are part of government budget balance calculation. This page provides - Luxembourg Government Revenues- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Medical Doctors in Luxembourg increased to 3.31 per 1000 people in 2017 from 3.10 per 1000 people in 2016. Medical Doctors in Luxembourg averaged 3.02 per 1000 people from 2004 until 2017, reaching an all time high of 3.31 per 1000 people in 2017 and a record low of 2.72 per 1000 people in 2004. This page includes a chart with historical data for Luxembourg Medical Doctors.

Unemployment Rate in Luxembourg increased to 6.10 percent in March from 5.50 percent in February of 2020. Unemployment Rate in Luxembourg averaged 3.79 percent from 1982 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 7.20 percent in May of 2014 and a record low of 1.40 percent in March of 1991. In Luxembourg, the unemployment rate measures the number of people actively looking for a job as a percentage of the labour force. This page provides the latest reported value for - Luxembourg Unemployment Rate - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Employment Rate in Luxembourg remained unchanged at 67.90 percent in the fourth quarter of 2019 from 67.90 percent in the third quarter of 2019. Employment Rate in Luxembourg averaged 64.06 percent from 1992 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 68.30 percent in the second quarter of 2019 and a record low of 58.50 percent in the second quarter of 1995. In Luxembourg, the employment rate measures the number of people who have a job as a percentage of the working age population. This page provides - Luxembourg Employment Rate- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Exports of Original Equipment Components CMLV in South Africa increased to 1.57 ZAR Million in March from 1.49 ZAR Million in February of 2020. Exports of Original Equipment Components CMLV in South Africa averaged 6.41 ZAR Million from 2014 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 21.42 ZAR Million in December of 2017 and a record low of 0.11 ZAR Million in January of 2017. South Africa accounts for Exports of Original Equipment Components using cumulative values for each year (CMLV). This page includes a chart with historical data for South Africa Exports of Original Equipment Components CMLV.

Exports of Precious Metals in South Africa increased to 25591.49 ZAR Million in March from 21916.46 ZAR Million in February of 2020. Exports of Precious Metals in South Africa averaged 16266.84 ZAR Million from 2014 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 25591.49 ZAR Million in March of 2020 and a record low of 9160.76 ZAR Million in January of 2015. This page includes a chart with historical data for South Africa Exports of Precious Metals.

Exports of Precious Metals CMLV in South Africa increased to 69543.06 ZAR Million in March from 44403.13 ZAR Million in February of 2020. Exports of Precious Metals CMLV in South Africa averaged 95330.43 ZAR Million from 2014 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 217821.31 ZAR Million in December of 2019 and a record low of 9160.76 ZAR Million in January of 2015. South Africa accounts for Exports of Precious Metals using cumulative values for each year (CMLV). This page includes a chart with historical data for South Africa Exports of Precious Metals CMLV.

Exports of Precision Instruments CMLV in South Africa increased to 2113.53 ZAR Million in March from 1463.71 ZAR Million in February of 2020. Exports of Precision Instruments CMLV in South Africa averaged 3315.45 ZAR Million from 2014 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 7384.28 ZAR Million in December of 2016 and a record low of 317.66 ZAR Million in January of 2017. South Africa accounts for Exports of Precision Instruments using cumulative values for each year (CMLV). This page includes a chart with historical data for South Africa Exports of Precision Instruments CMLV.

Exports: Stone Plaster Cement Ceramics & Glass Products in South Africa increased to 414.01 ZAR Million in March from 376.95 ZAR Million in February of 2020. Exports: Stone Plaster Cement Ceramics & Glass Pro in South Africa averaged 345.72 ZAR Million from 2014 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 540.34 ZAR Million in April of 2016 and a record low of 209.16 ZAR Million in January of 2015. This page includes a chart with historical data for South Africa Exports of Stone Plaster Cement Ceramics & Glass.

Exports of Transport Equipment CMLV in South Africa increased to 35409.53 ZAR Million in March from 20677.28 ZAR Million in February of 2020. Exports of Transport Equipment CMLV in South Africa averaged 63664.11 ZAR Million from 2014 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 162755.07 ZAR Million in December of 2019 and a record low of 4834.33 ZAR Million in January of 2018. South Africa accounts for Exports of Transport Equipment using cumulative values for each year (CMLV). This page includes a chart with historical data for South Africa Exports of Transport Equipment CMLV.

Exports to America in South Africa decreased to 9624.18 ZAR Million in March from 9687.30 ZAR Million in February of 2020. Exports to America in South Africa averaged 8763.94 ZAR Million from 2014 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 12601.46 ZAR Million in November of 2017 and a record low of 5645.70 ZAR Million in January of 2016. This page includes a chart with historical data for South Africa Exports to America.

Imports of Transport Equipment CMLV in South Africa increased to 24309.21 ZAR Million in March from 16473.39 ZAR Million in February of 2020. Imports of Transport Equipment CMLV in South Africa averaged 57885.49 ZAR Million from 2014 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 115212.22 ZAR Million in December of 2019 and a record low of 7714.29 ZAR Million in January of 2017. South Africa accounts for Imports of Transport Equipment using cumulative values for each year (CMLV). This page includes a chart with historical data for South Africa Imports of Transport Equipment CMLV.

Imports: Stone Plaster Cement Ceramics & Glass Products in South Africa decreased to 836.22 ZAR Million in March from 984.05 ZAR Million in February of 2020. Imports: Stone Plaster Cement Ceramics & Glass Pro in South Africa averaged 1114.60 ZAR Million from 2014 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 1572.20 ZAR Million in October of 2019 and a record low of 754.65 ZAR Million in December of 2016. This page includes a chart with historical data for South Africa Imports of Stone Plaster Cement Ceramics & Glass.

Imports of Precision Instruments CMLV in South Africa increased to 8010.69 ZAR Million in March from 5243.68 ZAR Million in February of 2020. Imports of Precision Instruments CMLV in South Africa averaged 16140.72 ZAR Million from 2014 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 34031.98 ZAR Million in December of 2019 and a record low of 1968.03 ZAR Million in January of 2015. South Africa accounts for Imports of Precision Instruments using cumulative values for each year (CMLV). This page includes a chart with historical data for South Africa Imports of Precision Instruments CMLV.

Imports of Precious Metals CMLV in South Africa increased to 2501.15 ZAR Million in March from 2002.85 ZAR Million in February of 2020. Imports of Precious Metals CMLV in South Africa averaged 4601.83 ZAR Million from 2014 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 13119.26 ZAR Million in December of 2018 and a record low of 347.46 ZAR Million in January of 2015. South Africa accounts for Imports of Precious Metals using cumulative values for each year (CMLV). This page includes a chart with historical data for South Africa Imports of Precious Metals CMLV.

Imports of Original Equipment Components CMLV in South Africa increased to 28077.08 ZAR Million in March from 18339.06 ZAR Million in February of 2020. Imports of Original Equipment Components CMLV in South Africa averaged 49374.62 ZAR Million from 2014 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 107374.04 ZAR Million in December of 2019 and a record low of 6128.64 ZAR Million in January of 2015. South Africa accounts for Imports of Original Equipment Components using cumulative values for each year (CMLV). This page includes a chart with historical data for South Africa Imports of Original Equipment Components CMLV.

Imports: Optical & Precision Intruments Watches & Clocks in South Africa increased to 2766.35 ZAR Million in March from 2672.27 ZAR Million in February of 2020. Imports: Optical & Precision Intruments Watches & in South Africa averaged 2577.84 ZAR Million from 2014 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 3242.48 ZAR Million in August of 2019 and a record low of 1968.03 ZAR Million in January of 2015. This page includes a chart with historical data for South Africa Imports of Optical & Precision Intruments Watches.

Imports: Machinery Mechanical & Electrical Appliances in South Africa decreased to 18160.81 ZAR Million in March from 18707.38 ZAR Million in February of 2020. Imports: Machinery Mechanical & Electrical Applian in South Africa averaged 21974.09 ZAR Million from 2014 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 28234.18 ZAR Million in October of 2015 and a record low of 17037.78 ZAR Million in February of 2017. This page includes a chart with historical data for South Africa Imports of Machinery Mechanical & Electrical Appl.

Imports - Machinery & Mechanical Appliances (Cmlv) in South Africa increased to 58464.29 ZAR Million in March from 40305.11 ZAR Million in February of 2020. Imports - Machinery & Mechanical Appliances (Cmlv) in South Africa averaged 139524.15 ZAR Million from 2014 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 281087.47 ZAR Million in December of 2019 and a record low of 20988.93 ZAR Million in January of 2017. South Africa accounts for Imports of Machinery & Mechanical Appliances using cumulative values for each year (CMLV). This page includes a chart with historical data for South Africa Imports of Machinery & Mechanical Appliances (cml.

Imports of Base Metals CMLV in South Africa increased to 14297.11 ZAR Million in March from 10137.77 ZAR Million in February of 2020. Imports of Base Metals CMLV in South Africa averaged 31234.09 ZAR Million from 2014 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 61201.96 ZAR Million in December of 2019 and a record low of 5160.26 ZAR Million in January of 2015. South Africa accounts for Imports of Base Metals using cumulative values for each year (CMLV). This page includes a chart with historical data for South Africa Imports of Base Metals CMLV.

Imports of Base Metals & Base Metal Articles in South Africa decreased to 4160.28 ZAR Million in March from 4777.41 ZAR Million in February of 2020. Imports of Base Metals & Base Metal Articles in South Africa averaged 4814.08 ZAR Million from 2014 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 5918.37 ZAR Million in January of 2019 and a record low of 3345.46 ZAR Million in December of 2019. This page includes a chart with historical data for South Africa Imports of Base Metals & Base Metal Articles.

Imports from America in South Africa decreased to 9509.76 ZAR Million in March from 9902.81 ZAR Million in February of 2020. Imports from America in South Africa averaged 10051.63 ZAR Million from 2014 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 12661.91 ZAR Million in August of 2019 and a record low of 7692 ZAR Million in February of 2018. This page includes a chart with historical data for South Africa Imports from America.

Unemployment Rate in South Africa remained unchanged at 29.10 percent in the fourth quarter of 2019 from 29.10 percent in the third quarter of 2019. Unemployment Rate in South Africa averaged 25.79 percent from 2000 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 30.40 percent in the third quarter of 2002 and a record low of 21.50 percent in the fourth quarter of 2008. In South Africa, the unemployment rate measures the number of people actively looking for a job as a percentage of the labour force. This page provides - South Africa Unemployment Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

The number of employed persons in Mexico increased to 55683450 in the fourth quarter of 2019 from 55201939 in the third quarter of 2019. Employed Persons in Mexico averaged 46203437.18 from 2000 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 55683450 in the fourth quarter of 2019 and a record low of 37970852 in the third quarter of 2000. In Mexico, employed persons are individuals with a minimum required age who work during a certain time for a business. This page provides - Mexico Employed Persons - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Myanmar recorded a government debt equivalent to 49.41 percent of the country's Gross Domestic Product in 2018. Government Debt to GDP in Myanmar averaged 87.05 percent from 1998 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 216.04 percent in 2001 and a record low of 37.14 percent in 2013. Generally, Government debt as a percent of GDP is used by investors to measure a country ability to make future payments on its debt, thus affecting the country borrowing costs and government bond yields. This page provides - Myanmar Government Debt To GDP - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Myanmar recorded a Government Budget deficit equal to 2.50 percent of the country's Gross Domestic Product in 2018. Government Budget in Myanmar averaged -3.28 percent of GDP from 1994 until 2018, reaching an all time high of 1.70 percent of GDP in 2012 and a record low of -7.10 percent of GDP in 2000. Government Budget is an itemized accounting of the payments received by government (taxes and other fees) and the payments made by government (purchases and transfer payments). A budget deficit occurs when an government spends more money than it takes in. The opposite of a budget deficit is a budget surplus. This page provides - Myanmar Government Budget - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Unemployment Rate in Myanmar increased to 1.60 percent in 2019 from 1 percent in 2018. Unemployment Rate in Myanmar averaged 3.50 percent from 1990 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 4.17 percent in 1990 and a record low of 0.80 percent in 2015. In Myanmar, the unemployment rate measures the number of people actively looking for a job as a percentage of the labour force. This page provides - Myanmar Unemployment Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

The MNI China business sentiment index increased to 55.9 in December of 2016 from 53.1 in November. The reading pointed to the highest figure since August 2014, as output rose the most since September 2015 while Future Expectations Indicator went up to the highest in three months. "This is a positive end to a choppy year for the Chinese business environment," said Andy Wu, Senior Economist of MNI Indicators. Mni Business Sentiment in China averaged 57.59 from 2007 until 2016, reaching an all time high of 77.20 in May of 2010 and a record low of 38.70 in December of 2008. The MNI China Business Sentiment survey is a monthly poll of Chinese business executives at a mix of manufacturing and service sector companies listed on both the Shanghai and Shenzhen stock exchanges. The survey provides the first monthly snapshot of economic and business conditions, ahead of official data and other business confidence data in China. Respondents are asked their opinion on whether a particular business activity has increased, decreased remained the same compared with the previous month as well as their expectations for three months ahead. E.g. Is Production Higher/Same/Lower compared with a month ago? A diffusion indicator is then calculated by adding the percentage share of positive responses to half the percentage of those respondents reporting no change. An indicator reading above 50 shows expansion, below 50 indicates contraction and a result of 50 means no change. Series which show a seasonal pattern are seasonally adjusted. This page provides - China Mni Business Sentiment- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Mni Business Sentiment in India increased to 66 in August from 62.80 in July of 2016. Mni Business Sentiment in India averaged 62.44 from 2012 until 2016, reaching an all time high of 71.20 in September of 2014 and a record low of 47.50 in April of 2013. Mni Business Sentiment in India is reported by the MNI Deutsche Börse Group. The MNI India Business Sentiment Survey is a monthly poll of Indian business executives at a mix of manufacturing and service sector companies listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange. The survey provides the first monthly snapshot of economic and business conditions, ahead of official data in India. Respondents are asked their opinion on whether a particular business activity has increased, decreased remained the same compared with the previous month as well as their expectations for three months ahead. E.g. Is Production Higher/Same/Lower compared with a month ago? A diffusion indicator is then calculated by adding the percentage share of positive responses to half the percentage of those respondents reporting no change. An indicator reading above 50 shows expansion, below 50 indicates contraction and a result of 50 means no change. Series which show a seasonal pattern are seasonally adjusted. This page provides - India Mni Business Sentiment- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.