Over the past few years we have witnessed some challenging times. When Australia took the reins of the G20 presidency nearly a year ago, the global economy was still recovering from one of the most severe recessions of modern times.

The world economy is still suffering from the strains of the longest crisis of modern times, and nowhere is this more evident than in the high unemployment numbers. In this OECD Observer Roundtable, we asked a cross-section of ministers: “What actions are you taking to create more and better jobs in your economy?”

Leaders of the G20 countries meeting at their Summit in Brisbane, Australia, have called on the OECD and IMF to monitor their commitment to boost economic growth and create jobs.

This publication highlights new evidence on policies to support job creation, bringing together the latest research on labour market, entrepreneurship and local economic development policy to help governments support job creation in the recovery. It also includes a set of country pages featuring, among other things, new data on skills supply and demand at the level of smaller OECD regions (TL3).

In a boost for international efforts to strengthen co-operation against offshore tax evasion, seven new countries have joined the agreement to exchange information automatically under the OECD/G20 standard.

The OECD welcomes Prime Minister Malcolm Turnbull’s announcement at COP21 that Australia intends to ratify the Kyoto Protocol’s second commitment period, which sets mitigation targets and reporting requirements for 2013-2020.

The recent mental health reform is an important step towards better services for people with mental ill-health, but Australia needs to do more to help people with mild to moderate mental health issues at and into work, according to a new OECD report.

Australia should provide early access to more intensive employment services for disadvantaged laid-off workers to help them find a new job more quickly, according to a new OECD report.

This country note provides an environmental tax and carbon pricing profile for Australia. It shows environmentally related tax revenues, taxes on energy use and effective carbon rates.

Australia’s strong economy has helped drive a healthy job market. But to avoid a future shortage of labour as the population ages, further efforts are needed to help older women, indigenous Australians and mothers with young children into work, according to a new OECD report.

The city of Newcastle is fast emerging as a smart, liveable and sustainable city.

Australia has stepped up its enforcement of foreign bribery since 2012, when the OECD Working Group on Bribery last evaluated Australia’s implementation of the OECD Anti-Bribery Convention, with seven convictions in two cases and 19 ongoing investigations.

Australia’s active global engagement on development and its focus on fragile small island states and disaster risk reduction are commendable. However successive cuts to the country’s aid budget since 2013 are impairing its efforts, according to the latest DAC Peer Review of Australia.

These graphs offer a brief summary of the commodity trade situation in the country.

Australia has made some progress replacing coal with natural gas and renewables in electricity generation yet remains one of the most carbon-intensive OECD countries and one of the few where greenhouse gas emissions (excluding land use and forestry) have risen in the past decade. The country will fall short of its 2030 emissions target without a major effort to move to a low-carbon model, according to a new OECD report.

About 36% of Australian jobs face a significant or high risk of automation. While this is less than the OECD average (46%), it means that a sizeable share of adults will need to upskill or retrain to meet the needs of future jobs.

Government at a Glance provides a dashboard of key indicators to help you analyse international comparisons of public sector performance.

Unemployment Rate in India increased to 7.80 percent in February from 7.20 percent in January of 2020. Unemployment Rate in India averaged 7.34 percent from 2018 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 8.20 percent in August of 2019 and a record low of 6.70 percent in November of 2018. In India, the unemployment rate is estimated by directly interviewing a large sample of randomly selected households. Centre for Monitoring Indian Economy Consumer Pyramids panel of households includes over 174,405 households including over 522,000 members who are over 15 years old. This page provides - India Unemployment Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Unemployment Rate in Angola increased to 31.80 percent in the fourth quarter of 2019 from 30.10 percent in the third quarter of 2019. Unemployment Rate in Angola averaged 26.68 percent from 2005 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 35 percent in the fourth quarter of 2005 and a record low of 19.90 percent in the fourth quarter of 2016. In Angola, the unemployment rate measures the number of people actively looking for a job as a percentage of the labour force. This page provides - Angola Unemployment Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Unemployment Rate in Turkey increased to 13.80 percent in January from 13.70 percent in December of 2019. Unemployment Rate in Turkey averaged 10.38 percent from 2005 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 14.80 percent in February of 2009 and a record low of 7.30 percent in June of 2012. In Turkey, the unemployment rate measures the number of people actively looking for a job as a percentage of the labour force. This page provides the latest reported value for - Turkey Unemployment Rate - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Unemployment Rate in Australia increased to 5.20 percent in March from 5.10 percent in February of 2020. Unemployment Rate in Australia averaged 6.80 percent from 1978 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 11.20 percent in December of 1992 and a record low of 4 percent in February of 2008. In Australia, the unemployment rate measures the number of people actively looking for a job as a percentage of the labour force. This page provides - Australia Unemployment Rate at 5.8% in December - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Unemployment Rate in Netherlands remained unchanged at 2.90 percent in March from 2.90 percent in February of 2020. Unemployment Rate in Netherlands averaged 5.21 percent from 2003 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 7.90 percent in February of 2014 and a record low of 2.90 percent in February of 2020. In Netherlands, the unemployment rate measures the number of people actively looking for a job as a percentage of the labour force. This page provides - Netherlands Unemployment Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Unemployment Rate in South Korea increased to 3.80 percent in March from 3.30 percent in February of 2020. Unemployment Rate in South Korea averaged 3.65 percent from 1999 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 7.10 percent in June of 1999 and a record low of 3 percent in September of 2002. In South Korea, the seasonally adjusted unemployment rate measures the number of people actively looking for a job as a percentage of the labour force. This page provides - South Korea Unemployment Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Unemployment Rate in the United Kingdom increased to 4 percent in February from 3.90 percent in January of 2020. Unemployment Rate in the United Kingdom averaged 6.93 percent from 1971 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 12 percent in February of 1984 and a record low of 3.40 percent in November of 1973. In the United Kingdom, the unemployment rate measures the number of people actively looking for a job as a percentage of the labour force. This page provides the latest reported value for - United Kingdom Unemployment Rate - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Unemployment Rate in Mexico decreased to 2.90 percent in March from 3.60 percent in February of 2020. Unemployment Rate in Mexico averaged 3.74 percent from 1994 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 6.42 percent in September of 2009 and a record low of 2.22 percent in March of 1997. In Mexico, the unemployment rate measures the number of people actively looking for a job as a percentage of the labour force. This page provides the latest reported value for - Mexico Unemployment Rate - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Unemployment Rate in Japan increased to 2.50 percent in March from 2.40 percent in February of 2020. Unemployment Rate in Japan averaged 2.72 percent from 1953 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 5.50 percent in June of 2002 and a record low of 1 percent in November of 1968. In Japan, the unemployment rate measures the number of people actively looking for a job as a percentage of the labour force. This page provides the latest reported value for - Japan Unemployment Rate - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Unemployment Rate in Faroe Islands increased to 1.10 percent in February from 1 percent in January of 2020. Unemployment Rate in Faroe Islands averaged 4.28 percent from 1995 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 14.30 percent in May of 1995 and a record low of 1 percent in September of 2019. This page provides - Faroe Islands Unemployment Rate- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Unemployment Rate in Portugal remained unchanged at 6.70 percent in the first quarter of 2020 from 6.70 percent in the fourth quarter of 2019. Unemployment Rate in Portugal averaged 7.76 percent from 1983 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 17.50 percent in the first quarter of 2013 and a record low of 3.70 percent in the second quarter of 2000. In Portugal, the unemployment rate measures the number of people actively looking for a job as a percentage of the labour force. This page provides - Portugal Unemployment Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Unemployment Rate in the United States increased to 14.70 percent in April from 4.40 percent in March of 2020. Unemployment Rate in the United States averaged 5.74 percent from 1948 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 14.70 percent in April of 2020 and a record low of 2.50 percent in May of 1953. In the United States, the unemployment rate measures the number of people actively looking for a job as a percentage of the labour force. This page provides the latest reported value for - United States Unemployment Rate - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Unemployment Rate in Canada increased to 13 percent in April from 7.80 percent in March of 2020. Unemployment Rate in Canada averaged 7.61 percent from 1966 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 13.10 percent in December of 1982 and a record low of 2.90 percent in June of 1966. In Canada, the unemployment rate measures the number of people actively looking for a job as a percentage of the labour force. This page provides - Canada Unemployment Rate - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Unemployment Rate in Ukraine increased to 8.70 percent in the fourth quarter of 2019 from 7.30 percent in the third quarter of 2019. Unemployment Rate in Ukraine averaged 8.55 percent from 2003 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 10.60 percent in the fourth quarter of 2014 and a record low of 6.30 percent in the third quarter of 2013. In Ukraine, the unemployment rate measures the number of people actively looking for a job as a percentage of the labour force. This page provides the latest reported value for - Ukraine Unemployment Rate - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Employment Rate in Ukraine decreased to 67.60 percent in the fourth quarter of 2019 from 69 percent in the third quarter of 2019. Employment Rate in Ukraine averaged 65.75 percent from 2005 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 69 percent in the third quarter of 2019 and a record low of 63.30 percent in the first quarter of 2017. In Ukraine, the employment rate measures the number of people who have a job as a percentage of the working age population. This page provides - Ukraine Employment Rate- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Ukraine recorded a government budget surplus of 32732.72 UAH Million in March of 2020. Government Budget Value in Ukraine averaged -3534.40 UAH Million from 2002 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 78049.51 UAH Million in December of 2019 and a record low of -72030.46 UAH Million in December of 2014. The government budget balance is the difference between government revenues and expenses. The budget is balanced when outlays equal to receipts, the country reports budget surplus when revenues are higher than expenses and deficit when expenses exceed the revenues. This page provides - Ukraine Government Budget Value - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

The transportation sub-index of the CPI basket in Mexico decreased to 95 points in April of 2020 from 102.25 points in March of 2020. CPI Transportation in Mexico averaged 43.80 points from 1981 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 105.61 points in January of 2020 and a record low of 0.06 points in January of 1981. This page provides - Mexico Cpi Transportation- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

The Phase 3 Report on Japan by the OECD Working Group on Bribery evaluates and makes recommendations on Japan'simplementation and application of the OECD Convention on Combating Bribery of Foreign Public Officials in International Business Transactions and related instruments.

The labour market recovery in Japan began strongly but has weakened since.

Japan is poised for an economic expansion, but long-term growth prospects remain contingent on additional efforts to revitalise the economy and reduce unsustainable levels of public debt, according to the OECD’s latest Economic Survey of Japan.

A moderate recovery is underway in the major advanced economies, according to the OECD’s latest Interim Economic Assessment. Growth is proceeding at encouraging rates in North America, Japan and the UK. The euro area as a whole is out of recession, although output remains weak in a number of countries.

The global economic crisis has had a profound impact on people’s well-being, reaching far beyond the loss of jobs and income, and affecting citizens’ satisfaction with their lives and their trust in governments, according to a new OECD report.

Japan joined the OECD in 1964, the same year it hosted the summer Olympic Games in Tokyo. OECD membership signalled Japan’s successful transition into a fully industrialised economy, Foreign Minister Fumio Kishida writes on the 50th anniversary of his country’s accession.

The OECD has now grown into an institution of truly global relevance. And Japan, which was the first Asian country to join the organisation, is now a world economic giant. It is a great honour to introduce the Chairman of the 2014 Ministerial Council Meeting, Prime Minister Shinzo Abe.

Due to serious concerns about the extremely low level of enforcement of Japan’s offence of bribing foreign public officials – just three prosecutions since 1999 – the OECD Working Group on Bribery recommended in December 2013 that Japan establish an Action Plan to organise police and prosecution resources to be able to proactively detect, investigate and prosecute cases of foreign bribery by Japanese companies.

Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) is increasingly recognised worldwide as an efficient waste management policy to help improve recycling and reduce landfilling of products and materials. This Forum took place on 17-19 June 2014, in Tokyo, Japan, to identify key challenges and opportunities for further developing EPR policies.

An ecosystem assessment is a social process through which the findings of science concerning the causes of ecosystem change, their consequences for human well-bring, and the management and policy options are evaluated. The main objective of the paper is to draw insights from experience in the UK, Japan, Spain and Portugal of the added value to policy making of undertaking national level ecosystem assessments.

The Japan-OECD Policy Forum on Urban Development and Green Growth will address cities’ unique role in creating synergies between environmental and economic objectives to advance green growth. Asian cities in particular are at the centre of this challenge. This event is organised as a commemorative event for the 50th Anniversary of Japan's Accession to the OECD.

Elderly individuals with complex, chronic diseases need continuous and tailored care to maintain their health and maximise their ability to participate in society. Japan must change the way it delivers health services for older citizens by strengthening its specialist primary care and making mental health care services more widely available, according to a new OECD report.

While the outlook for many OECD countries remains subdued, Emerging Asia is set for healthy growth over the medium term. Annual GDP growth for the ASEAN -10, China and India is forecast to average 6.5% over 2015-19. Growth momentum remains robust in the 10 ASEAN countries, with economic growth averaging 5.6% over 2015-19.

This publication highlights new evidence on policies to support job creation, bringing together the latest research on labour market, entrepreneurship and local economic development policy to help governments support job creation in the recovery. It also includes a set of country pages featuring, among other things, new data on skills supply and demand at the level of smaller OECD regions (TL3).

It was with immense sadness that I learned of the tragic execution of Kenji at the hands of the terrorists from Islamic State. We strongly condemn this terrible and odious act, as well as other killings carried out by ISIS.

Agriculture is a provider of commodities such as food, feed, fibre and fuel, and it can bring both positive and negative impacts on the environment. Yet most policy measures target farm systems, inputs and practices and agricultural infrastructure (driving forces) rather than the provision of agri-environmental public goods (environmental outcomes).