The significant Vaishnavite temple had earlier issued an advisory asking devotees to bring masks and sanitisers with them as precautionary measures.

Death is always a difficult topic to discuss, and death has been in the news a lot during this tragic coronavirus pandemic. Many news stories focus on states, counties, or cities that have the most cases or the most deaths. A related statistic is the case fatality rate, which is [...]

The post Use a funnel plot to visualize rates: The case fatality rate for COVID-19 in North Carolina counties appeared first on The DO Loop.

A previous article describes the funnel plot (Spiegelhalter, 2005), which can identify samples that have rates or proportions that are much different than expected. The funnel plot is a scatter plot that plots the sample proportion of some quantity against the size of the sample. The variance of the sample [...]

The post Visualize the case fatality rate for COVID-19 in US counties appeared first on The DO Loop.

The VAX/VMS SYSUAF.DAT file

Visual Voicemail for iPhone suffers from a use-after-free vulnerability in IMAP NAMESPACE processing.

An ancient marine reptile that swam the oceans nearly 250 million years ago had unusual pebble-like teeth which it used to crush hard-shelled prey, scientists believe. The creature, named Cartorhynchus lenticarpus, belongs to an extinct group of reptiles known as ichthyosaurs. Not much is known about the ancestry...

Why is the visual depiction of this country in centre-left international online news publications so unrecognisable?

The post What is this place?: The visual simulacrum of South Africa in the Covid-19 lockdown appeared first on The Mail & Guardian.

[U.S. House] Washington, DC -Rep. Ilhan Omar (D-MN) led a letter to General Stephen J. Townsend today calling for increased transparency and public accountability of civilian causalities from the United States Defense Department's Africa Command (AFRICOM). The letter was signed by Rep. Adam Smith, Chair, House Committee on Armed Services; Rep. Adam Schiff, Chair, House Permanent Select Committee on Intelligence; Rep. Eliot Engel, Chair, House Committee on Foreign Affairs; Rep. André Carson, Chair, Subcommittee on Counterterrori

[Africom] As part of the command's commitment to transparency, U.S. Africa Command is implementing a quarterly report on the status of ongoing and completed civilian casualty allegations and assessments. This initiative was directed by U.S. Army Gen. Stephen Townsend, commander, U.S. Africa Command, to increase transparency regarding civilian casualty allegations that are reported to the command while demonstrating the U.S. military's constant commitment to minimizing collateral damage in the pursuit of

COVID-19 is typically signaled by three symptoms: fever, an insistent cough and shortness of breath.

Members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations are working together to encourage the free flow of skilled labor within their countries. 

Quick, what’s the square root of -1? Okay, I know. That’s an easy one. But how about the square root of i? If it’s been a while since you took complex analysis, you might have to scratch your head a little bit. Fortunately, MATLAB can just tell us. ... read more >>

13 lawyers from our Singapore office have volunteered and been appointed to serve as assessors under temporary COVID-19 legislation. 

CES 2020 – LAS VEGAS – JANUARY 6, 2020 – Today, Harman Kardon announced the latest speaker to join its sophisticated icons collection, the Harman Kardon Aura Studio 3. This dome-shaped home audio combines style and function, while delivering 360-degree...

Title: Children Usually Excluded From Clinical Drug Trials: Study
Category: Health News
Created: 4/30/2012 10:05:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 4/30/2012 12:00:00 AM

Title: Sex Lives Often an Overlooked Casualty of Traumatic Brain Injury
Category: Health News
Created: 4/29/2013 2:35:00 PM
Last Editorial Review: 4/30/2013 12:00:00 AM

Title: By 9 Months, Baby's Visual Learning Kicks In: Study
Category: Health News
Created: 4/30/2014 9:35:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 4/30/2014 12:00:00 AM

ABSTRACT

Packaging of genomic RNA (gRNA) by retroviruses is essential for infectivity, yet the subcellular site of the initial interaction between the Gag polyprotein and gRNA remains poorly defined. Because retroviral particles are released from the plasma membrane, it was previously thought that Gag proteins initially bound to gRNA in the cytoplasm or at the plasma membrane. However, the Gag protein of the avian retrovirus Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) undergoes active nuclear trafficking, which is required for efficient gRNA encapsidation (L. Z. Scheifele, R. A. Garbitt, J. D. Rhoads, and L. J. Parent, Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 99:3944–3949, 2002, https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.062652199; R. Garbitt-Hirst, S. P. Kenney, and L. J. Parent, J Virol 83:6790–6797, 2009, https://doi.org/10.1128/JVI.00101-09). These results raise the intriguing possibility that the primary contact between Gag and gRNA might occur in the nucleus. To examine this possibility, we created a RSV proviral construct that includes 24 tandem repeats of MS2 RNA stem-loops, making it possible to track RSV viral RNA (vRNA) in live cells in which a fluorophore-conjugated MS2 coat protein is coexpressed. Using confocal microscopy, we observed that both wild-type Gag and a nuclear export mutant (Gag.L219A) colocalized with vRNA in the nucleus. In live-cell time-lapse images, the wild-type Gag protein trafficked together with vRNA as a single ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex in the nucleoplasm near the nuclear periphery, appearing to traverse the nuclear envelope into the cytoplasm. Furthermore, biophysical imaging methods suggest that Gag and the unspliced vRNA physically interact in the nucleus. Taken together, these data suggest that RSV Gag binds unspliced vRNA to export it from the nucleus, possibly for packaging into virions as the viral genome.

IMPORTANCE Retroviruses cause severe diseases in animals and humans, including cancer and acquired immunodeficiency syndromes. To propagate infection, retroviruses assemble new virus particles that contain viral proteins and unspliced vRNA to use as gRNA. Despite the critical requirement for gRNA packaging, the molecular mechanisms governing the identification and selection of gRNA by the Gag protein remain poorly understood. In this report, we demonstrate that the Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) Gag protein colocalizes with unspliced vRNA in the nucleus in the interchromatin space. Using live-cell confocal imaging, RSV Gag and unspliced vRNA were observed to move together from inside the nucleus across the nuclear envelope, suggesting that the Gag-gRNA complex initially forms in the nucleus and undergoes nuclear export into the cytoplasm as a viral ribonucleoprotein (vRNP) complex.

Early recognition of longus colli calcific tendinitis can prevent unnecessary interventions including antibiotics and surgical procedures.

Wael Salem, Benjamin Cellini, Mark A. Frye, and Jean-Michel Mongeau

Most animals shift gaze by a ‘fixate and saccade’ strategy, where the fixation phase stabilizes background motion. A logical prerequisite for robust detection and tracking of moving foreground objects, therefore, is to suppress the perception of background motion. In a virtual reality magnetic tether system enabling free yaw movement, Drosophila implemented a fixate and saccade strategy in the presence of a static panorama. When the spatial wavelength of a vertical grating was below the Nyquist wavelength of the compound eyes, flies drifted continuously­ and gaze could not be maintained at a single location. Because the drift occurs from a motionless stimulus—thus any perceived motion stimuli are generated by the fly itself—it is illusory, driven by perceptual aliasing. Notably, the drift speed was significantly faster than under a uniform panorama suggesting perceptual enhancement due to aliasing. Under the same visual conditions in a rigid tether paradigm, wing steering responses to the unresolvable static panorama were not distinguishable from a resolvable static pattern, suggesting visual aliasing is induced by ego motion. We hypothesized that obstructing the control of gaze fixation also disrupts detection and tracking of objects. Using the illusory motion stimulus, we show that magnetically tethered Drosophila track objects robustly in flight even when gaze is not fixated as flies continuously drift. Taken together, our study provides further support for parallel visual motion processing and reveals the critical influence of body motion on visuomotor processing. Motion illusions can reveal important shared principles of information processing across taxa.

Myriam Franzke, Christian Kraus, David Dreyer, Keram Pfeiffer, M. Jerome Beetz, Anna L. Stöckl, James J. Foster, Eric J. Warrant, and Basil el Jundi

Monarch butterflies (Danaus plexippus) are prominent for their annual long-distance migration from North America to their overwintering area in Central Mexico. To find their way on this long journey, they use a sun compass as their main orientation reference but will also adjust their migratory direction with respect to mountain ranges. This indicates that the migratory butterflies also attend to the panorama to guide their travels. While the compass has been studied in detail in migrating butterflies, little is known about the orientation abilities of non-migrating butterflies. Here we studied if non-migrating butterflies - that stay in a more restricted area to feed and breed - also use a similar compass system to guide their flights. Performing behavioral experiments on tethered flying butterflies in an indoor LED flight simulator, we found that the monarchs fly along straight tracks with respect to a simulated sun. When a panoramic skyline was presented as the only orientation cue, the butterflies maintained their flight direction only during short sequences suggesting that they potentially use it for flight stabilization. We further found that when we presented the two cues together, the butterflies incorporate both cues in their compass. Taken together, we here show that non-migrating monarch butterflies can combine multiple visual cues for robust orientation, an ability that may also aid them during their migration.

Long noncoding RNA molecules (lncRNAs) are estimated to account for the majority of eukaryotic genomic transcripts, and have been associated with multiple diseases in humans. However, our understanding of their structure–function relationships is scarce, with structural evidence coming mostly from indirect biochemical approaches or computational predictions. Here we describe direct visualization of the lncRNA HOTAIR (HOx Transcript AntIsense RNA) using atomic force microscopy (AFM) in nucleus-like conditions at 37°. Our observations reveal that HOTAIR has a discernible, although flexible, shape. Fast AFM scanning enabled the quantification of the motion of HOTAIR, and provided visual evidence of physical interactions with genomic DNA segments. Our report provides a biologically plausible description of the anatomy and intrinsic properties of HOTAIR, and presents a framework for studying the structural biology of lncRNAs.

Mutations in retinaldehyde-binding protein 1 (RLBP1), encoding the visual cycle protein cellular retinaldehyde-binding protein (CRALBP), cause an autosomal recessive form of retinal degeneration. By binding to 11-cis-retinoid, CRALBP augments the isomerase activity of retinoid isomerohydrolase RPE65 (RPE65) and facilitates 11-cis-retinol oxidation to 11-cis-retinal. CRALBP also maintains the 11-cis configuration and protects against unwanted retinaldehyde activity. Studying a sibling pair that is compound heterozygous for mutations in RLBP1/CRALBP, here we expand the phenotype of affected individuals, elucidate a previously unreported phenotype in RLBP1/CRALBP carriers, and demonstrate consistencies between the affected individuals and Rlbp1/Cralbp−/− mice. In the RLBP1/CRALBP-affected individuals, nonrecordable rod-specific electroretinogram traces were recovered after prolonged dark adaptation. In ultrawide-field fundus images, we observed radially arranged puncta typical of RLBP1/CRALBP-associated disease. Spectral domain-optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) revealed hyperreflective aberrations within photoreceptor-associated bands. In short-wavelength fundus autofluorescence (SW-AF) images, speckled hyperautofluorescence and mottling indicated macular involvement. In both the affected individuals and their asymptomatic carrier parents, reduced SW-AF intensities, measured as quantitative fundus autofluorescence (qAF), indicated chronic impairment in 11-cis-retinal availability and provided information on mutation severity. Hypertransmission of the SD-OCT signal into the choroid together with decreased near-infrared autofluorescence (NIR-AF) provided evidence for retinal pigment epithelial cell (RPE) involvement. In Rlbp1/Cralbp−/− mice, reduced 11-cis-retinal levels, qAF and NIR-AF intensities, and photoreceptor loss were consistent with the clinical presentation of the affected siblings. These findings indicate that RLBP1 mutations are associated with progressive disease involving RPE atrophy and photoreceptor cell degeneration. In asymptomatic carriers, qAF disclosed previously undetected visual cycle deficiency.

Cone photoreceptors in the retina enable vision over a wide range of light intensities. However, the processes enabling cone vision in bright light (i.e. photopic vision) are not adequately understood. Chromophore regeneration of cone photopigments may require the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and/or retinal Müller glia. In the RPE, isomerization of all-trans-retinyl esters to 11-cis-retinol is mediated by the retinoid isomerohydrolase Rpe65. A putative alternative retinoid isomerase, dihydroceramide desaturase-1 (DES1), is expressed in RPE and Müller cells. The retinol-isomerase activities of Rpe65 and Des1 are inhibited by emixustat and fenretinide, respectively. Here, we tested the effects of these visual cycle inhibitors on immediate, early, and late phases of cone photopic vision. In zebrafish larvae raised under cyclic light conditions, fenretinide impaired late cone photopic vision, while the emixustat-treated zebrafish unexpectedly had normal vision. In contrast, emixustat-treated larvae raised under extensive dark-adaptation displayed significantly attenuated immediate photopic vision concomitant with significantly reduced 11-cis-retinaldehyde (11cRAL). Following 30 min of light, early photopic vision was recovered, despite 11cRAL levels remaining significantly reduced. Defects in immediate cone photopic vision were rescued in emixustat- or fenretinide-treated larvae following exogenous 9-cis-retinaldehyde supplementation. Genetic knockout of Des1 (degs1) or retinaldehyde-binding protein 1b (rlbp1b) did not eliminate photopic vision in zebrafish. Our findings define molecular and temporal requirements of the nonphotopic or photopic visual cycles for mediating vision in bright light.

Brain-infiltrating leukocytes contribute to multiple sclerosis (MS) and autoimmune encephalomyelitis and likely play a role in traumatic brain injury, seizure, and stroke. Brain-infiltrating leukocytes are also primary targets for MS disease-modifying therapies. However, no method exists for noninvasively visualizing these cells in a living organism. 1-(2'-deoxy-2'-¹⁸F-fluoroarabinofuranosyl) cytosine (¹⁸F-FAC) is a PET radiotracer that measures deoxyribonucleoside salvage and accumulates preferentially in immune cells. We hypothesized that ¹⁸F-FAC PET could noninvasively image brain-infiltrating leukocytes. Methods: Healthy mice were imaged with ¹⁸F-FAC PET to quantify if this radiotracer crosses the blood–brain barrier (BBB). Experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) is a mouse disease model with brain-infiltrating leukocytes. To determine whether ¹⁸F-FAC accumulates in brain-infiltrating leukocytes, EAE mice were analyzed with ¹⁸F-FAC PET, digital autoradiography, and immunohistochemistry, and deoxyribonucleoside salvage activity in brain-infiltrating leukocytes was analyzed ex vivo. Fingolimod-treated EAE mice were imaged with ¹⁸F-FAC PET to assess if this approach can monitor the effect of an immunomodulatory drug on brain-infiltrating leukocytes. PET scans of individuals injected with 2-chloro-2'-deoxy-2'-¹⁸F-fluoro-9-β-d-arabinofuranosyl-adenine (¹⁸F-CFA), a PET radiotracer that measures deoxyribonucleoside salvage in humans, were analyzed to evaluate whether ¹⁸F-CFA crosses the human BBB. Results: ¹⁸F-FAC accumulates in the healthy mouse brain at levels similar to ¹⁸F-FAC in the blood (2.54 ± 0.2 and 3.04 ± 0.3 percentage injected dose per gram, respectively) indicating that ¹⁸F-FAC crosses the BBB. EAE mice accumulate ¹⁸F-FAC in the brain at 180% of the levels of control mice. Brain ¹⁸F-FAC accumulation localizes to periventricular regions with significant leukocyte infiltration, and deoxyribonucleoside salvage activity is present at similar levels in brain-infiltrating T and innate immune cells. These data suggest that ¹⁸F-FAC accumulates in brain-infiltrating leukocytes in this model. Fingolimod-treated EAE mice accumulate ¹⁸F-FAC in the brain at 37% lower levels than control-treated EAE mice, demonstrating that ¹⁸F-FAC PET can monitor therapeutic interventions in this mouse model. ¹⁸F-CFA accumulates in the human brain at 15% of blood levels (0.08 ± 0.01 and 0.54 ± 0.07 SUV, respectively), indicating that ¹⁸F-CFA does not cross the BBB in humans. Conclusion: ¹⁸F-FAC PET can visualize brain-infiltrating leukocytes in a mouse MS model and can monitor the response of these cells to an immunomodulatory drug. Translating this strategy into humans will require exploring additional radiotracers.

Burkholderia sp. strain SG-MS1 and Pseudomonas sp. strain SG-MS2 have previously been found to mineralize (+)-pinoresinol through a common catabolic pathway. Here, we used comparative genomics, proteomics, protein semipurification, and heterologous expression to identify a flavoprotein from the vanillyl alcohol oxidase/p-cresol methyl hydroxylase (VAO/PCMH) enzyme family in SG-MS2 that carries out the initial hydroxylation of (+)-pinoresinol at the benzylic carbon. The cognate gene is translationally coupled with a downstream cytochrome gene, and the cytochrome is required for activity. The flavoprotein has a unique combination of cofactor binding and cytochrome requirements for the VAO/PCMH family. The heterologously expressed enzyme has a K_m of 1.17 μM for (+)-pinoresinol. The enzyme is overexpressed in strain SG-MS2 upon exposure to (+)-pinoresinol, along with 45 other proteins, 22 of which were found to be encoded by genes in an approximately 35.1-kb cluster also containing the flavoprotein and cytochrome genes. Homologs of 18 of these 22 genes, plus the flavoprotein and cytochrome genes, were also found in a 38.7-kb cluster in SG-MS1. The amino acid identities of four of the other proteins within the SG-MS2 cluster suggest they catalyze conversion of hydroxylated pinoresinol to protocatechuate and 2-methoxyhydroquinone. Nine other proteins upregulated in SG-MS2 on exposure to (+)-pinoresinol appear to be homologs of proteins known to comprise the protocatechuate and 2-methoxyhydroquinone catabolic pathways, but only three of the cognate genes lie within the cluster containing the flavoprotein and cytochrome genes.

IMPORTANCE (+)-Pinoresinol is an important plant defense compound, a major food lignan for humans and some other animals, and the model compound used to study degradation of the β-β' linkages in lignin. We report a gene cluster, in one strain each of Pseudomonas and Burkholderia, that is involved in the oxidative catabolism of (+)-pinoresinol. The flavoprotein component of the α-hydroxylase which heads the pathway belongs to the 4-phenol oxidizing (4PO) subgroup of the vanillyl alcohol oxidase/p-cresol methyl hydroxylase (VAO/PCMH) enzyme family but constitutes a novel combination of cofactor and electron acceptor properties for the family. It is translationally coupled with a cytochrome gene whose product is also required for activity. The work casts new light on the biology of (+)-pinoresinol and its transformation to other bioactive molecules. Potential applications of the findings include new options for deconstructing lignin into useful chemicals and the generation of new phytoestrogenic enterolactones from lignans.

Some years ago, I entered a completely unfamiliar world. This was a landscape that clinicians deal with every day but for the individual suspected of having lung cancer, it can appear hostile and scary, often misrepresented by outdated imagery, information and television portrayal. Lung cancer is not awash with celebrities admitting to having it or grand fundraising campaigns like other conditions. Despite many changes in the treatment landscape, it's still generally much more stigmatised than other cancers.

Với sự phát triển mạnh mẽ của công nghệ, ngày càng có nhiều người lựa chọn phương án làm việc tại gia. Vậy làm sao để phát huy được tối đa năng suất làm việc khi ở nhà? Dưới đây là 7 lời khuyên hữu ích được chuyên gia phong thủy đưa ra, giúp giải đáp tốt câu hỏi này.

Các ngân hàng dù siết tín dụng nhưng vẫn dành khoản vốn nhất định để ưu tiên người vay mua nhà ở. Tuy nhiên, mức lãi suất cho vay sẽ tăng lên.

Theo Bộ Tài chính, chính sách thắt chặt tín dụng với ngành bất động sản đã khiến các doanh nghiệp trong ngành này phải huy động vốn với mức lãi suất cao.

Theo ông Trần Quang Duy, Phó giám đốc Topbank.vn – website hàng đầu về so sánh, tư vấn tài chính tại Việt Nam, việc ngân hàng tăng lãi suất huy động trong những tháng cuối năm sẽ khiến nhà đầu tư gặp khó khăn khi tiếp cận các gói vay. Tuy nhiên, khó khăn chỉ ở mức độ “nhỉnh” hơn giai đoạn đầu năm, không đến mức không thể tiếp cận vốn vay.

Mặt bằng chung lãi suất vay mua nhà tại các ngân hàng hiện nay dao động từ 6,7 - 12 %/năm. Trong đó, các ngân hàng nước ngoài có mức lãi suất thấp nhất, mức cao nhất thuộc về một số ngân hàng cổ phần tư nhân.

Lãi suất vay mua nhà của các ngân hàng hiện nay phổ biến từ 6,79-11,5%/năm, áp dụng trong thời kỳ ưu đãi (thường là 6 tháng đến 1 năm). Trong đó, ngân hàng Standard Chartered đang có lãi suất cho vay ưu đãi thấp nhất với 6,79%/năm (gói 12 tháng).

Mới đây, Thống đốc NHNN đã ra quyết định về mức lãi suất của các ngân hàng thương mại áp dụng với dư nợ của các khoản cho vay hỗ trợ nhà ở trong năm 2020.

Đầu năm 2020, các ngân hàng vẫn tiếp tục triển khai nhiều gói cho vay mua nhà với lãi suất ưu đãi. So với cuối năm 2019, đã có một vài ngân hàng có động thái tăng, giảm lãi suất.

Tháng 3/2020, các ngân hàng tiếp tục triển khai nhiều gói cho vay mua nhà với lãi suất ưu đãi. So với tháng 2, hiện đã có một vài ngân hàng có động thái tăng lãi suất.

Tháng 4/2020, các ngân hàng tiếp tục triển khai nhiều gói cho vay mua nhà với lãi suất ưu đãi. Đặc biệt trong bối cảnh hàng loạt người lao động bị thất nghiệp, giảm thu nhập do ảnh hưởng của dịch covid-19, một số ít ngân hàng đã bắt đầu có động thái giảm lãi suất cho vay mua nhà.

Theo thông tin mới nhất, TPBank chính thức triển khai gói vay với hạn mức 4,500 tỷ đồng để hỗ trợ khách hàng cá nhân vay vốn mua nhà, mua xe với lãi suất ưu đãi chỉ từ 5%/năm.

Tôi muốn sửa tin đăng thì phải làm như thế nào?

Việc sơn sửa, tân trang ngôi nhà vào cuối năm không chỉ là nét văn hóa, phong tục của người Việt mà còn là một cách tăng cường vượng khí, giúp gia chủ có tâm thế thoải mái, vui vẻ để chào đón năm mới.