Available bowel preparation solutions for colonoscopy continue to represent a challenge for children and their families due to poor taste, high volume, and dietary restrictions with subsequent poor compliance and need to place nasogastric tube for administration.

Low-volume polyethylene glycol (PEG) preparations and sodium picosulphate plus magnesium oxide and citric acid (NaPico+MgCit) are noninferior to PEG 4000 with simethicon for bowel preparation before colonoscopy in children. Given its higher tolerability and acceptability profile, NaPico+MgCit should be preferred in children. (Read the full article)

Being bullied can lead to adverse physical and mental health outcomes. Individuals who experience a sudden traumatic event often have short-term disturbances in their sleep patterns. Ongoing trauma may result in extended periods of sleep disruption.

Being bullied in elementary school predicts parasomnias, such as nightmares and night terrors, years later. General practitioners, pediatricians, parents, and teachers may consider parasomnias as potential signs of being bullied. (Read the full article)

Collaborative care is known to be an effective system to manage child behavioral health conditions in the primary care setting.

Among urban children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, using lay care managers to address barriers to engagement with care and challenging child behaviors has the potential to improve the effectiveness of conventional collaborative care. (Read the full article)

Technology can fuel innovation, foster creativity, and create engaging learning environments. Ineffective edtech and instruction, however, can punish our poorest and most vulnerable students--especially students of color and those living in rural areas. This post explores strategies for avoiding thi

An underground stall in Seoul's Yongsan district holds one of the biggest classic video game malls you'll ever see. Take a tour through our photos.

Los conflictos en los países pequeños suelen agravarse debido a la indiferencia internacional. Sin embargo, en el caso de la República Centroafricana (RCA), el problema es ligeramente distinto. Hay una importante presencia internacional en este Estado, pero los actores principales han decidido mantenerse al margen y esperar en vez de intervenir activamente en la crisis.

Malaria parasites invade and replicate within red blood cells (RBCs), extensively modifying their structure and gaining access to the extracellular environment by placing the plasmodial surface anion channel (PSAC) into the RBC membrane. Expression of members of the cytoadherence linked antigen gene 3 (clag3) family is required for PSAC activity, a process that is regulated epigenetically. PSAC is a well-established route of uptake for large, hydrophilic antimalarial compounds and parasites can acquire resistance by silencing clag3 gene expression, thereby reducing drug uptake. We found that exposure to sub-IC50 concentrations of the histone methyltransferase inhibitor chaetocin caused substantial changes in both clag3 gene expression and RBC permeability, reversing acquired resistance to the antimalarial compound blasticidin S that is transported through PSAC. Chaetocin treatment also altered progression of parasites through their replicative cycle, presumably by changing their ability to modify chromatin appropriately to enable DNA replication. These results indicate that targeting histone modifiers could represent a novel tool for reversing epigenetically acquired drug resistance in P. falciparum.

Continuous spread of antimalarial drug resistance is a threat to current chemotherapy efficacy. Therefore, characterizing the genetic diversity of drug resistance markers is needed to follow treatment effectiveness and further update control strategies. Here, we genotyped Plasmodium falciparum resistance gene markers associated with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) and artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) in isolates from pregnant women in Ghana. The prevalence of the septuple IRNI-A/FGKGS/T pfdhfr/pfdhps haplotypes including the pfdhps A581G and A613S/T mutations was high at delivery among post-SP treatment isolates (18.2%) compared to those of first-antenatal care (before initiation of intermittent preventive treatment of malaria in pregnancy with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (IPTp-SP); 6.1%; p = 0.03). Regarding the pfk13 marker gene, two non-synonymous mutations (N458D and A481C) were detected at positions previously related to artemisinin resistance in isolates from Southeast-Asia. These mutations were predicted in silico to alter the stability of the pfk13 propeller-encoding domain. Overall, these findings highlight the need for intensified monitoring and surveillance on additional mutations associated with increased SP resistance as well as emergence of resistance against artemesinin derivatives.

Probiotics might provide an alternative approach for the control of oral candidiasis. However, studies on the antifungal activity of probiotics in the oral cavity are based on the consumption of yogurt or other dietary products, and there is a necessary to use appropriate biomaterials and specific strains to obtain probiotic formulations targeting local oral administration. In this study, we impregnated gellan gum, a natural biopolymer used as a food-additive, with a probiotic and investigated its antifungal activity against Candida albicans. Lactobacillus paracasei 28.4, a strain recently isolated from the oral cavity of a caries-free individual, was incorporated in several concentrations of gellan gum (0.6% to 1%). All tested concentrations could incorporate L. paracasei cells while maintaining bacterial viability. Probiotic/gellan formulations were stable for 7 days when stored at room temperature or 4°C. Long-term storage of bacteria-impregnated gellan gum was achieved when L. paracasei 28.4 was lyophilized. The probiotic/gellan formulations provided a release of L. paracasei cells over 24 hours that was sufficient to inhibit the growth of C. albicans with effects dependent on the cell concentrations incorporated into gellan gum. The probiotic/gellan formulations also had inhibitory activity against Candida spp. biofilms by reducing the number of Candida spp. cells (p < 0.0001), decreasing the total biomass (p = 0.0003), and impairing hyphae formation (p = 0.0002), compared to the control group which received no treatment. Interestingly, probiotic formulation of 1% w/v gellan gum provided an oral colonization of L. paracasei in mice with approximately 6 log of CFU/mL after 10 days. This formulation inhibited the C. albicans growth (p < 0.0001), prevented the development of candidiasis lesions (p = 0.0013), and suppressed inflammation (p = 0.0006) when compared to the mice not treated in the microscopic analysis of the tongue dorsum. These results indicate that gellan gum is a promising biomaterial and can be used as a carrier system to promote oral colonization for probiotics that prevent oral candidiasis.

The rapid evolution of resistance in the malaria parasite to every single drug developed against it calls for the urgent identification of new molecular targets. Using a stain specific for the detection of intracellular amyloid deposits in live cells we have detected the presence of abundant protein aggregates in Plasmodium falciparum blood stages and female gametes cultured in vitro, in the blood stages of mice infected by Plasmodium yoelii, and in the mosquito stages of the murine malaria species Plasmodium berghei. Aggregated proteins could not be detected in early rings, the parasite form that starts the intraerythrocytic cycle. A proteomics approach was followed to pinpoint actual aggregating polypeptides in functional P. falciparum blood stages, which resulted in the identification of 369 proteins, with roles particularly enriched in nuclear import-related processes. Five aggregation-prone short peptides selected from this protein pool exhibited different aggregation propensity according to Thioflavin-T fluorescence measurements, and were observed to form amorphous aggregates and amyloid fibrils in transmission electron microscope images. The results presented suggest that generalized protein aggregation might have a functional role in malaria parasites. Future antimalarial strategies based on the upsetting of the pathogen's proteostasis and therefore affecting multiple gene products could represent the entry to new therapeutic approaches.

The off-label use of third generation cephalosporin (3GC) during in ovo vaccination or vaccination of newly hatched chicks, was a common practice worldwide. CMY-2-producing Escherichia coli have been disseminated among broiler production. The objectives of this study were to determine the epidemiological linkage of bla_CMY-2-positive plasmids among broilers both within and outside Japan because grandparent stock and parent stock were imported in Japan. We examined the whole genome sequences of 132 3GC-resistant E. coli isolates collected from healthy broilers during 2002-2014. The predominant 3GC-resistance gene was bla_CMY-2, which was detected in the plasmids of 87 (65.9%) isolates. The main plasmid replicon types were IncI1-I (n=21; 24.1%), IncI (n=12; 13.8%), IncB/O/K/Z (n=28; 32.2%), and IncC (n=22; 25.3%). Those plasmids were subjected to gene clustering and network analyses and plasmid multi-locus sequence typing (pMLST). The chromosomal DNA of isolates was subjected to MLST and single nucleotide variant (SNV)-based phylogenetic analysis.

MLST and SNV-based phylogenetic analysis revealed high diversity of E. coli isolates. ST429 harboring bla_CMY-2-positive IncB/O/K/Z was closely related to isolates from broiler in Germany harboring bla_CMY-2-positive IncB/O/K/Z. pST55-IncI and pST12-IncI1-I and pST3-IncC were prevalent in western Japan. pST12-IncI1-I and pST3-IncC were closely related to those detected in E. coli isolates from chicken in American continent, whereas 26 IncB/O/K/Z were related to those in Europe. These data will be useful to reveal the whole picture of transmission of CMY-2-producing bacteria in and out of Japan.

Background

Optimal concentrations of unbound antimicrobials are essential for maximum microbiological effect. Although hypoalbuminemia and albumin fluid resuscitation are common in critical care, the effects of different albumin concentrations on the unbound concentrations of highly protein-bound antimicrobials are not known. The aim of this study was to compare effects of different albumin states on total and unbound concentrations of ertapenem and ceftriaxone using an ovine model.

Methods

Design

Prospective, three phase intervention observational study.

Subjects

Healthy Merino sheep.

Interventions

Eight sheep were subject to three experimental phases; normoalbuminemia, hypoalbuminemia using plasmapheresis and albumin replacement using a 25% albumin solution. In each phase, ceftriaxone 40 mg/kg and ertapenem 15 mg/kg were given intravenously. Blood samples were collected at pre-defined intervals and analyzed using an ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method. Pharmacokinetic parameters such as area under the curve (AUC_0-24), plasma clearance (CL) and apparent volume of distribution in the terminal phase (V_d) were estimated and compared between the phases.

Results

The protein and albumin concentrations were significantly different between phases. Hypoalbuminemia resulted in a significantly lower AUC_0-24 and higher CL of total and unbound concentrations of ceftriaxone compared to the other phases. Whereas albumin replacement led to higher AUC_0-24 and lower CL compared to other phases for both drugs. The V_d for total drug concentrations for both drugs were significantly lower with albumin replacement.

Conclusions

For highly protein-bound drugs such as ceftriaxone and ertapenem, both hypoalbuminemia and albumin replacement may affect unbound drug exposure.

India, this magical land, has irresistibly captivated crowds of visitors because of definite motives: incredible Indian charms, numerous residues of past ages, and various sacred points for pilgrimage. Tourism in India has always been among the most full-blown spheres of the state's politics. India tourism allows traveling to all the most famous places, you may wish to visit. Among them, there are illustrious palaces and groves, forts built in both oriental and English colonial manners, and...

The National Council on Teacher Quality has found that the number of elementary programs teaching scientifically based reading instruction is increasing.

Nearly every state in the nation has experienced enrollment declines, with some states seeing steep declines of more than 50 percent.

The National Council on Teacher Quality has found that the number of elementary programs teaching scientifically based reading instruction is increasing.

Google has said that privacy and security are the focus for Android Q and many of its other releases this year, but Senior Security Analyst Max Eddy explains that a company built on mapping and sorting data can't deliver perfect privacy.

Don't rely on Facebook's self-regulation to save us from election interference in this year's critical elections. In fact, despite a PR push to the contrary, the company is doubling down on the access it sells to would-be meddlers.

Relaxed travel begins at home. This also includes the correct packing of your luggage.

A Maryland woman who caused a fatal crash while driving under the influence of drugs has been sentenced to prison. Deputy Attorneys General Barzilai Axelrod and William Leonard secured the sentence for Michelle Park, 35, of Earlville. In March 2018, with her 2-year-old child in the car, Park failed to negotiate a curve while driving […]

Dover’s Veterans Day Parade – Saturday, Nov. 4th at 9:30 am – Downtown Dover (Loockerman St. to Federal St.) The City of Dover is hosting this year’s Veterans Day Parade along with the Delaware Commission of Veterans Affairs. Please join us Saturday morning on November 4th at 9:30am. For those who are interested in participating, please […]

The Delaware General Assembly, the Delaware Commission of Veterans Affairs and the Delaware Heritage Commission will unveil a new monument this weekend honoring Delawareans who served in World War I and those who supported them on the home front

When/Where:  Saturday, November 3, 2018 at 10:00 AM – Downtown Dover – W. Loockerman Street to Legislative Avenue When/Where:  Saturday, November 3, 2018 at 12:00 PM – Downtown Dover – Legislative Avenue & Martin Luther King Jr. Boulevard The Delaware General Assembly, the Delaware Department of State, the Delaware Commission of Veterans Affairs, the Delaware […]

Activities to include demonstrations by the First Delaware Regiment and "Caesar Rodney in his Own Words," a historical play exploring the views of the famed Delaware patriot.

This Ramadan, try this incredibly delicious paratha recipe for iftar that will leave you drooling for more.

Aloo paratha is arguablythe most famous form stuffed paratha, but what if we told you can make your aloo paratha much more wholesome by stuffing a bit of paneer in it.

About 1 in 6 Americans gets sick every year from foodborne illnesses. Under the Food Safety Modernization Act (FSMA), FDA and the USDA work closely to trace the cause and origin of these illnesses. Traceability is key so the origin is quickly detected, and a recall enacted, preventing others from becoming ill. Preparation and planning are necessary for produce growers and businesses in the supply chain to successfully navigate a product recall. The Delaware Department of Agriculture’s Produce Safety Program will present the United Fresh Recall Ready Workshop on January 22, 2020 at Dover Downs from 8 a.m. to 5 p.m.

NEW CASTLE (7 de marzo de 2019) – El Departamento de Salud y Servicios Sociales (DHSS, por sus siglas en inglés) insta a las personas y a las familias trabajadoras de Delaware a reunirse con preparadores voluntarios de impuestos en diferentes lugares en todo el estado para determinar si cumplen con los requisitos para el […]

The Delaware Division of Public Health (DPH) is actively taking steps to prepare for community spread of the coronavirus disease known as COVID-19, as well as providing information to Delawareans about the actions they can take now to make preparations. To date, no one in Delaware has tested positive for COVID-19.

Todos los votantes elegibles de Delaware recibirán solicitudes de voto ausente por correo WILMINGTON, Del. – El gobernador John Carney firmó el jueves la decimoquinta modificación a su declaración de Estado de Emergencia, la cual prevé una reprogramación de las elecciones primarias presidenciales en Delaware para el 7 de julio. El Departamento de Elecciones de […]

The Indian government in March put a hold on exports of several drugs including paracetamol to secure supplies for its people after the coronavirus outbreak disrupted the industry's supply chain globally. COVID-19 is the respiratory disease caused by the novel coronavirus.

  Multicore processors have been around for many years, and today, they can be found in most devices. However, many developers are doing what they've always done: creating single-threaded programs....

  Download PDF When developing games and simulations, you may want your users to be able to influence assets that are active in a physics simulation. In this article, you learn how to develop a Unity...

Learn how to get started with self-service data prep in these go-to articles.

The post 5 articles to read as you embark on data preparation appeared first on The Data Roundtable.

1 Seychellois Rupee = 380.4539 Paraguayan Guarani

1 Trinidad and Tobago Dollar = 966.5708 Paraguayan Guarani

1 Swedish Krona = 668.4135 Paraguayan Guarani

1 Slovak Koruna = 294.1399 Paraguayan Guarani

1 Serbian Dinar = 60.2247 Paraguayan Guarani

1 Polish Zloty = 1553.4027 Paraguayan Guarani

1 Qatari Rial = 1793.9023 Paraguayan Guarani

1 Indian Rupee = 86.5076 Paraguayan Guarani

1 Pakistani Rupee = 40.9124 Paraguayan Guarani

Russia on the offensive, Brexit Britain stands alone, and US disdain for European allies recalls its naivety with Stalin

Victory in Europe was made possible by a remarkable military collaboration between the main anti-Axis powers – the US, Russia and Britain. But the three-way relationship, between Franklin D Roosevelt, Joseph Stalin and Winston Churchill, was never easy, and it set a pattern of national rivalry, suspicion, fear and distrust that persists to this day.

A row over a top-secret message, known as SCAF-252, sent to Stalin in late March 1945 by Gen Dwight Eisenhower, the supreme allied commander, shows how fraught the relationship could be. In it, Eisenhower detailed his plans for the final defeat of Nazi Germany – but omitted to first consult or inform his British allies.

Related: VE Day: Churchill feared De Gaulle would declare victory early

1 Sierra Leonean Leone = 0.6624 Paraguayan Guarani

1 New Taiwan Dollar = 218.7651 Paraguayan Guarani

1 Thai Baht = 203.9846 Paraguayan Guarani

1 Turkish Lira = 921.368 Paraguayan Guarani

1 Singapore Dollar = 4623.5365 Paraguayan Guarani