tolerance OSCE/ODIHR Director concerned about reported rise of hate incidents in the United Kingdom, supports calls for tolerance in a challenging time By feeds.osce.org Published On :: Thu, 30 Jun 2016 13:23:58 +0000 WARSAW, 30 June 2016 – Michael Georg Link, Director of the OSCE Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (ODIHR), expressed his concern following the rise in hate incidents reported to the police in the United Kingdom following the 23 June referendum vote to leave the European Union. "These manifestations of hate and intolerance have a negative impact on the whole of British society, undermining the security of minority and immigrant communities. The current political climate in the United Kingdom provides absolutely no justification for racism and xenophobia," said Director Link. He also commended the strong national response by Prime Minister David Cameron and other national leaders. "By publicly denouncing these incidents, the authorities have sent a strong message that bias motivated attacks have no place in the United Kingdom. I add my voice to those calling for the swift identification and prosecution of the perpetrators." The National Police Chiefs’ Council reported a 57 per cent increase in reporting to True Vision, the online hate crime reporting site run by the police, between 24 and 27 June, compared to the same time in May 2016. ODIHR has also received reports of hate crimes and expressions of concern about the safety of people living in the United Kingdom.Related StoriesODIHR Director and IHRA Chair on Roma and Sinti genocide commemoration day: greater effort needed to protect memorial sites and ensure victims dignityOSCE/ODIHR Director Michael Link expresses shock over Orlando shootings, commends calls for unity in face of hatred and terrorOSCE workshop in Kosovo focuses on improving the recording of hate crimes Full Article Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights Tolerance and non-discrimination Press release
tolerance OSCE Mission to Bosnia and Herzegovina’s youth summits challenge stereotypes and promote tolerance to counter violent extremism By feeds.feedblitz.com Published On :: Fri, 22 Apr 2016 00:00:00 GMT Some 100 high school students, pedagogues and psychologists from across Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) took part in two youth summits in Teslić and Vogosća this week co-hosted by the OSCE Mission to BiH and the BiH Security Ministry ... Full Article
tolerance The Orthodox Christian and Public Discourse: Racism, Bullying, Intolerance and the Media By www.ancientfaith.com Published On :: 2015-09-15T01:31:16+00:00 How do the media determine public discourse? Are bullying, racism, etc., the biggest problems of our day? Are these things common or becoming bigger problems? What is at the root of these behaviors? Why do people bully? Why do they have racist attitudes? What makes people intolerant? What should we as Orthodox Christians do when we encounter these behaviors in others? What should we do when we are tempted to engage in them ourselves? What are some spiritual strategies for preparing to encounter these behaviors in others, in ourselves, or in discussion? Full Article
tolerance Will Zindagi Tamasha dig deep into the intolerance in our society? By tribune.com.pk Published On :: Tue, 16 Jun 20 10:43:58 +0500 The movie will perhaps force us to ask questions about topics usually reserved for the back pages of a newspaper Full Article The Videoscope
tolerance Researchers say zero-tolerance cannabis policies may be ‘too broad’ By www.safetyandhealthmagazine.com Published On :: Tue, 01 Aug 2023 00:00:00 -0400 Toronto — Instead of having a zero-tolerance policy on cannabis use, employers may want to consider “minimum wait periods before a work shift when cannabis consumption is not allowed,” researchers say. Full Article
tolerance Allergies and Intolerances to Certain Ingredients are Now Commonplace By www.preparedfoods.com Published On :: Fri, 21 Jul 2023 05:00:00 -0400 Over time, the body loses the ability to produce the enzyme (lactose) that digests the carbohydrate in dairy foods, causing bloating, gas, and sometimes diarrhea. Taking a lactase enzyme (Lactaid tablets) when you drink milk or eat dairy foods, will usually prevent symptoms of lactose intolerance. A food sensitivity, on the other hand, can produce symptoms that are unrelated to food allergies or intolerances. Full Article
tolerance Diversified Plastics, Inc. Manufactures Highly Complex, Close-Tolerance Plastic Parts for Helius Medical Technologies, Inc.'s PoNS™ device By www.24-7pressrelease.com Published On :: Thu, 06 Jan 2022 08:00:00 GMT An innovative nonsurgical device, PoNS delivers electrical stimulation to the surface of the tongue to provide treatment of balance and gait deficits Full Article
tolerance World's Toughest Men Come Together with a Message of Tolerance, Unity and Reconciliation By www.24-7pressrelease.com Published On :: Sat, 20 Jun 2020 08:00:00 GMT The Legendary Sting, Butterbean, The Hulk and Malibu Take Time to Talk Tough About Peace And Positivity Full Article
tolerance Violation of Religious Freedom and Intolerance Ignites Global Backlash By www.24-7pressrelease.com Published On :: Wed, 06 Nov 2024 08:00:00 GMT South Korean authorities cancel an international event expected to gather 30,000 participants from 78 countries, sparking a global controversy and financial losses. Full Article
tolerance Religious Freedom Violation and Intolerance Spark International Controversy By www.24-7pressrelease.com Published On :: Mon, 04 Nov 2024 08:00:00 GMT South Korean local government cancels international event with 30,000 participants from 78 countries, causing international damage Full Article
tolerance Religious Freedom Violation and Intolerance Spark International Controversy in South Korea By www.24-7pressrelease.com Published On :: Fri, 01 Nov 2024 08:00:00 GMT South Korean local government cancels international event with 30,000 participants from 78 countries, causing international damage Full Article
tolerance International Controversy Begins Among Religious Freedom Violation and Intolerance By www.24-7pressrelease.com Published On :: Tue, 05 Nov 2024 08:00:00 GMT South Korean local government cancels international event with 30,000 participants from 78 countries, causing international damage Full Article
tolerance Employer Zero-Tolerance Marijuana Policy Justified Termination, Federal District Court Agrees By www.littler.com Published On :: Thu, 19 Sep 2024 21:59:51 +0000 A recent federal court decision agreed an Illinois employer had the right to enforce a zero-tolerance policy on marijuana use. Off-the-job marijuana use can trigger employee discipline so long as it is not unreasonable or discriminatory. Full Article
tolerance Employer Zero-Tolerance Marijuana Policy Justified Termination, Federal District Court Agrees By www.littler.com Published On :: Wed, 25 Sep 2024 20:53:20 +0000 Grant Goerke and Jennifer Chierek Znosko discuss a recent federal court decision that agreed an Illinois employer had the right to enforce a zero-tolerance policy on marijuana use. Westlaw Today View (Subscription required) Full Article
tolerance “We’ve Made ADHD an Infraction:” An End to Zero-Tolerance Policies in Schools By www.additudemag.com Published On :: Mon, 28 Oct 2024 09:58:21 +0000 It’s time to end zero-tolerance policies in schools, which disproportionately harm Black students with ADHD and other disabilities, and place them at increased risk for getting sucked into the school-to-prison pipeline. Full Article ADHD Parenting For Teachers School & Learning School Advocacy ADHD and Race treating kids Winter 2024 Issue of ADDitude Magazine
tolerance Improve Your Manufacturing Processes Without Neglecting Quality and Tight Tolerances By www.qualitymag.com Published On :: Tue, 08 Oct 2019 00:00:00 -0400 The aerospace industry is known for manufacturing parts with critical dimensions and tight tolerances. Despite the high-demanding inspections they are required to perform, important players in the industry have managed to reduce bottlenecks and detect problems early in the manufacturing process. Full Article
tolerance Episode 77: Fault Tolerance with Bob Hanmer Pt. 1 By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: Tue, 13 Nov 2007 19:08:32 +0000 In this Episode we discuss fault tolerance based on the new book by Bob Hanmer. This is the actually the first part of the discussion, the remainder will be published in the next episode of SE Radio. We start by discussing some of the context for fault tolerant systems and the imperfect world assumption. We then discuss a number of terms we will need when discussing the fault tolerance patterns. We then discuss the fault tolerance mindset and connect fault tolerance to a number of related subject areas, such as software quality. We then discuss the shared context for the patterns that follow, among them the important observation that fault tolerance does not come for free! Finally we provide an overview over the different sections covered in the book and start the detailed discussion of the patterns by looking at the Architectural Patterns section. The next episode will discuss the remaining patterns in the book. Full Article
tolerance Episode 78: Fault Tolerance with Bob Hanmer Pt. 2 By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: Fri, 23 Nov 2007 10:58:39 +0000 This is the second part of the discussion on fault tolerance with Bob Hanmer (if you didn't listen to Episode 77, which contains part one, please go back and listen now; this episode builds on that previous one!) We start by discussing a set of error detection patterns. Among are the well-known approaches such as checksums and voting. We then look at error recovery patterns, including restart, rollback or roll forward. The next section looks at error mitigation patterns, which include shedding load and doing fresh work before stale. The last patterns section then looks at fault treatment patterns. We conclude the episode with a small discussion about how to design systems using (these and other) patterns, and with some thoughts on why actually wrote the book. Full Article
tolerance Holocaust remembrance reminds us of the need to work for tolerance and non-discrimination in our societies, say keynote speakers at OSCE Permanent Council By feeds.osce.org Published On :: Thu, 21 Jan 2016 12:20:38 +0000 VIENNA, 21 January 2016 – Remembering the Holocaust reminds us of our duty to speak out against the denial of these grave crimes and to work for tolerance and non-discrimination in our societies, said keynote speakers addressing the meeting of the OSCE Permanent Council today, which was dedicated to commemorating the International Holocaust Remembrance Day on 27 January. State Secretary Szabolcs Takács from Hungary, in his capacity as this year’s chair of the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance (IHRA), and Ambassador Felix Klein, Special Representative of the German Federal Foreign Office for issues relating to Anti-Semitism and Holocaust Remembrance, addressed representatives of the OSCE’s 57 participating States and 11 Partners for Co-operation, at the invitation of Germany’s 2016 OSCE Chairmanship. Both speakers emphasized that the past will not be forgotten and may not be forgotten. “We remember not only to honour the victims of a tragedy which challenged the foundations of civilization,” Takács said. “We do it with a determination so that events like the Holocaust never happen again and in the hope that the lessons of the past may positively influence the world we live in today and the generations to come.” Takács also pointed out to the “task of governments … to strengthen the security of our populations, without giving way to xenophobia or compromising on the core values of European civilization.” Ambassador Klein said in his address that “the sufferings of the Holocaust put an obligation on us for a more peaceful and humane future in Europe.” Klein stressed that it remained an important task for Germany “to foster an open atmosphere for a transparent and critical discussion in society about the darkest chapters of our history. This is particularly important today in Europe since we need to come to a new understanding with many people migrating to our continent from different cultures and religions.” The German Chairmanship reappointed Rabbi Andrew Baker as Personal Representative of the OSCE Chairperson-in-Office on Combating Anti-Semitism. There will also be two new Representatives appointed on Combating Intolerance and Discrimination against Muslims and on Combating Racism, Xenophobia and Discrimination, also focusing on intolerance and discrimination against Christians and members of other religions. In its programme for 2016, Germany has declared the promotion of tolerance and non-discrimination a priority of its activities related to the OSCE’s human dimension. It will organize, among other things, a meeting with Special Envoys on Combating Anti-Semitism from OSCE participating States to share best practices and hold a Chairmanship Conference on the issue of tolerance and discrimination in Berlin on 20–21 October, at which civil society will be actively involved. Germany has also pledged a substantial amount to support an ODIHR project on combating Anti-Semitism called “Turning words into action”. The advancement of the human rights of Roma and Sinti in the OSCE area will, not least against the background of German history, play an important role in the German Chairmanship’s endeavours.Related StoriesOSCE Chairperson-in-Office Steinmeier stresses importance of ODIHR’s work during visit to headquarters in WarsawPolitical leaders have primary role in countering discrimination and prejudice against Roma and Sinti, OSCE Chairperson-in-Office and ODIHR Director say on International Roma DayOSCE States explore role for the Organization regarding migration and refugee flows Full Article Chairmanship Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights Roma and Sinti issues Tolerance and non-discrimination Press release
tolerance India's retail inflation in October at 6.21%, breaches RBI tolerance band for first time since Aug 2023 By retail.economictimes.indiatimes.com Published On :: Tue, 12 Nov 2024 16:19:57 +0530 India's retail inflation rose to 6.21 percent in October. This is a significant increase from September's 5.49 percent. Food prices are the main reason for this surge. This is the first time since August that inflation has gone beyond the Reserve Bank of India's 6 percent limit. The rise in onion prices is a major concern. Full Article
tolerance Promoting racial tolerance By www.iol.co.za Published On :: Tue, 12 Nov 2024 12:10:31 GMT Full Article
tolerance The Church and Pseudo-Tolerance By feeds.gty.org Published On :: Fri, 25 Oct 2024 00:00:00 PST Full Article
tolerance Prehistoric People Drank Animal Milk, Despite Lactose Intolerance By www.medicinenet.com Published On :: Thu, 28 Jul 2022 00:00:00 PDT Title: Prehistoric People Drank Animal Milk, Despite Lactose IntoleranceCategory: Health NewsCreated: 7/27/2022 12:00:00 AMLast Editorial Review: 7/28/2022 12:00:00 AM Full Article
tolerance Chronic Administration of Cannabinoid Agonists ACEA, AM1241, and CP55,940 Induce Sex-Specific Differences in Tolerance and Sex Hormone Changes in a Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy [Special Section: Cannabinoid Signaling in Human Health and Dise By jpet.aspetjournals.org Published On :: 2024-10-18T07:04:15-07:00 Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a common side effect of chemotherapy treatment, routinely manifesting as increased pain sensitivity (allodynia) in distal extremities. Despite its prevalence, effective treatment options are limited. Cannabinoids are increasingly being evaluated for their ability to treat chronic pain conditions, including CIPN. While previous studies have revealed sex differences in cannabinoid-mediated antinociception in acute and chronic pain models, there is a paucity of studies addressing potential sex differences in the response of CIPN to cannabinoid treatment. Therefore, we evaluated the long-term antiallodynic efficacy of cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1)-selective, cannabinoid receptor type 2 (CB2)-selective, and CB1/CB2 mixed agonists in the cisplatin CIPN model, using both male and female mice. CB1 selective agonism was observed to have sex differences in the development of tolerance to antiallodynic effects, with females developing tolerance more rapidly than males, while the antiallodynic effects of selective CB2 agonism lacked tolerance development. Compound-specific changes to the female estrous cycle and female plasma estradiol levels were noted, with CB1 selective agonism decreasing plasma estradiol while CB2 selective agonism increased plasma estradiol. Chronic administration of a mixed CB1/CB2 agonist resulted in increased mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines and endocannabinoid regulatory enzymes in female spinal cord tissue. Ovarian tissue was noted to have proinflammatory cytokine mRNA expression following administration of a CB2 acting compound while selective CB1 agonism resulted in decreased proinflammatory cytokines and endocannabinoid regulatory enzymes in testes. These results support the need for further investigation into the role of sex and sex hormones signaling in pain and cannabinoid-mediated antinociceptive effects. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT CIPN is a common side effect of chemotherapy. We have found that both CB1 and CB2 receptor agonism produce antinociceptive effects in a cisplatin CIPN model. We observed that tolerance to CB1-mediated antinociception developed faster in females and did not develop for CB2-mediated antinociception. Additionally, we found contrasting roles for CB1/CB2 receptors in the regulation of plasma estradiol in females, with CB1 agonism attenuating estradiol and CB2 agonism enhancing estradiol. These findings support the exploration of cannabinoid agonists for CIPN. Full Article
tolerance TOLERANCE! Charlamagne Tha God Says It's Okay to Misgender Caitlyn Jenner, Because Jenner Supports Trump By twitchy.com Published On :: Tue, 12 Nov 2024 18:00:45 -0500 Full Article <![CDATA[Caitlyn Jenner]]> <![CDATA[Donald Trump]]> <![CDATA[transgender]]> <![CDATA[trans women]]>
tolerance India's retail inflation rises to 6.21% in October amid higher food prices, breaches RBI's upper tolerance level By www.dnaindia.com Published On :: Tue, 12 Nov 2024 11:54:30 GMT The consumer price index-based inflation was 4.87 per cent in October 2023. Full Article India
tolerance The culture of toleration in diverse societies : Reasonable tolerance [Electronic book] / ed. by Dario Castiglione, Catriona McKinnon. By encore.st-andrews.ac.uk Published On :: Manchester : Manchester University Press, [2018] Full Article
tolerance Not exclusively the activity, but the sweet spot: a dehydrogenase point mutation synergistically boosts activity, substrate tolerance, thermal stability and yield By pubs.rsc.org Published On :: Org. Biomol. Chem., 2024, 22,3009-3018DOI: 10.1039/D4OB00211C, PaperYu-Ke Cen, Lin Zhang, Yue Jiang, Xiang-Fu Meng, Yuan Li, Chao Xiang, Ya-Ping Xue, Yu-Guo ZhengA single-point mutation of 7α-HSDH achieved the highest activity and synergistically improved substrate tolerance, thermal stability, cofactor affinity, and conversion rate.The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry Full Article
tolerance Religious Tolerance as Engine of Innovation [electronic journal]. By encore.st-andrews.ac.uk Published On :: Full Article
tolerance Asset Prices and Aggregate Demand in a Covid-19 Shock: A Model of Endogenous Risk Intolerance and LSAPs [electronic journal]. By encore.st-andrews.ac.uk Published On :: Full Article
tolerance Many facets of intolerance By www.thehindubusinessline.com Published On :: Fri, 23 Aug 2013 16:42:24 +0530 Full Article S Madhavan
tolerance Pentadecanoic acid (C15:0, PA) induces mild maternal glucose intolerance and promotes the growth of the offspring partly through up-regulating liver PPARα and MAPK signaling pathways By pubs.rsc.org Published On :: Food Funct., 2024, Advance ArticleDOI: 10.1039/D4FO03970J, PaperJun Wang, Shiqi Zheng, Ziying Li, Yimei Tang, Yanhua Huang, Junwen Wang, Rui Li, Jie Peng1% PA can induce a mild decrease in the maternal glucose tolerance and lipolysis mainly by activated MAPK and PPARα signaling.To cite this article before page numbers are assigned, use the DOI form of citation above.The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry Full Article
tolerance The Brexit debate needs more tolerance on both sides | Michael White By www.theguardian.com Published On :: 2016-08-31T12:15:24Z Bad sportsmanship is not confined to either camp. Let’s have more signs of mutual respect across the divideI’m trying to cure this summer’s unattractive impulse before it turns into a bad habit. Whenever I see someone doing something stupid or self-harming like jumping an orange light on a bike or getting tattooed from neck to ankle, I want to shout: “Brexit voter.”It’s not nice and it’s not fair. I’m trying to stop. As Theresa May’s divided cabinet meets to decide where to go next, ministers and demoralised Whitehall officials should refrain from recrimination too. The “phoney war” lull before the negotiation storm is about to end. Continue reading... Full Article Brexit Politics UK news
tolerance Zero tolerance for farm subsidies By indiatogether.org Published On :: Sat, 01 Feb 2003 00:00:00 +0000 Developing countries must take a collective stand on 'Zero-Tolerance to Subsidies' to protect their agriculture, says Devinder Sharma. Full Article
tolerance Intolerance row: After writers boycott Bangalore Literature Fest, directors issue statement By www.dnaindia.com Published On :: Fri, 27 Nov 2015 07:38:00 GMT Kannada writer TK Dayanand and poet Arif Raja have boycotted the Bangalore Lit festival that is being held in the city on December 5 and 6. Full Article Bangalore
tolerance Intolerance Row: Director Vikram Sampath withdraws participation from Bangalore Lit Fest By www.dnaindia.com Published On :: Sat, 28 Nov 2015 12:40:00 GMT In a statement released on his Facebook page, Sampath has taken the decision to step away from the upcoming edition of the festival altogether. Full Article Bangalore
tolerance Zero tolerance By blogs.timesofindia.indiatimes.com Published On :: Wed, 30 Dec 2009 00:10:57 IST If a 198-country survey conducted by the Washington-based Pew Research Centre is to be believed, India ranks only below civil war-torn Iraq in terms of 'social hostility and religious discrimination'. Full Article
tolerance Tolerance factor and phase stability of the garnet structure. Corrigendum By scripts.iucr.org Published On :: 2020-02-27 An error in an equation in the paper by Song et al. [Acta Cryst. (2019), C75, 1353–1358] is corrected. Full Article text
tolerance Strengthened borosilicate glass containers with improved damage tolerance By www.freepatentsonline.com Published On :: Tue, 19 May 2015 08:00:00 EDT According to one embodiment, a glass container may include a body formed from a Type I, Class B glass composition according to ASTM Standard E438-92. The body may have an inner surface, an outer surface and a wall thickness extending between the outer surface and the inner surface. The body may also include a compressively stressed layer extending into the wall thickness from at least one of the outer surface and the inner surface. A lubricous coating may be positioned on at least a portion of the outer surface of the body, wherein the outer surface of the body with the lubricous coating has a coefficient of friction less than or equal to 0.7. Full Article
tolerance Optical transceiver having enhanced EMI tolerance By www.freepatentsonline.com Published On :: Tue, 26 May 2015 08:00:00 EDT An optical transceiver that attenuates the EMI radiation leaked therefrom is disclosed. The optical transceiver includes a top cover and the bottom base to form a cavity into which a TOSA, a ROSA, and a circuit are set. At least one of the top cover and the bottom base provides a combed structure in a rear portion of the optical transceiver, where the combed structure has a plurality of T-shaped fins to attenuate the EMI radiation. Full Article
tolerance Optical transceiver having enhanced EMI tolerance By www.freepatentsonline.com Published On :: Tue, 26 May 2015 08:00:00 EDT An optical transceiver that reduces the EMI radiation leaked therefrom is disclosed. The optical transceiver includes a top cover and the bottom base to form a cavity into which a TOSA, a ROSA, and a circuit are set. The top cover provides a combed structure in a rear portion thereof, where the combed structure has a plurality of fins with a distance preferably less that quarter wavelength λ/4 of the noise wavelength to be reduced. The combed structure operates as a short stub for the electromagnetic wave traveling longitudinally in the cavity. Full Article
tolerance Tolerance ring with slotted sidewall By www.freepatentsonline.com Published On :: Tue, 05 May 2015 08:00:00 EDT A tolerance ring can include a generally cylindrical body having a sidewall. The sidewall can include a plurality of wave structures extending from the sidewall at regular intervals around the body, a first unformed section between a first pair of adjacent wave structures, and a second unformed section between a second pair of adjacent wave structures. The gap can extend along an entire length, L, of the body to establish a split in the body. The second unformed section can include a slot therein. The slot can have a length, LS, and LS≧80% L. Full Article
tolerance Tolerance ring with perforated waves By www.freepatentsonline.com Published On :: Tue, 12 May 2015 08:00:00 EDT A tolerance ring can include a generally cylindrical body that can include a side wall. The sidewall can define a top and a bottom. Further, the sidewall can include a plurality of wave structures that can extend from the sidewall, a plurality of unformed sections, and a gap that can extend along the entire length of the body. Each unformed section can be located between a pair of adjacent wave structures. Further, the gap can establish a split in the body. The tolerance ring can also include at least one hole intersecting at least one of the wave structures to establish a perforated wave structure. Full Article
tolerance Guide means having tolerance compensation for sewing decorative elements By www.freepatentsonline.com Published On :: Tue, 30 Dec 2014 08:00:00 EST The invention relates to a guiding device for guiding an oblong intermediate element while joining at least two decorative elements by means of this intermediate element. Full Article
tolerance DIGITAL-TO-ANALOG CONVERTER AND HIGH-VOLTAGE TOLERANCE CIRCUIT By www.freepatentsonline.com Published On :: Thu, 08 Jun 2017 08:00:00 EDT A digital-to-analog converter (DAC) and a high-voltage tolerance circuit are provided. The DAC includes a high-voltage tolerance circuit. The high-voltage tolerance circuit is configured to generate a reference voltage, and select the reference voltage or a first power-source voltage to control the node voltage of each branch of an operational amplifier circuit of the high-voltage tolerance circuit according the logical signal level of an input signal. Full Article
tolerance Wheat allergy, intolerance breakthrough could see harmful proteins bred out of varieties By www.abc.net.au Published On :: Tue, 28 Apr 2020 11:52:38 +1000 Researchers have identified all the immune reactive proteins, then mapped and identified the parts causing chronic wheat ailments, giving growers a path to develop new lines. Full Article Agricultural Crops University and Further Education Medical Research
tolerance Overexpression of GPR40 in Pancreatic {beta}-Cells Augments Glucose Stimulated Insulin Secretion and Improves Glucose Tolerance in Normal and Diabetic Mice By diabetes.diabetesjournals.org Published On :: 2009-02-10T11:50:44-08:00 Objective: GPR40 is a G protein-coupled receptor regulating free fatty acid-induced insulin secretion. We have generated transgenic mice overexpressing the human GPR40 gene (hGPR40-Tg) under control of the mouse insulin II promoter and have used them to examine the role of GPR40 in the regulation of insulin secretion and glucose homeostasis. Research Design and Methods: Normal (C57BL/6J) and diabetic (KK) mice overexpressing the human GPR40 gene under control of the insulin II promoter were generated, and their glucose metabolism and islet function were analyzed. Results: In comparison with nontransgenic littermates, hGPR40-Tg mice exhibited improved oral glucose tolerance with an increase in insulin secretion. Although islet morphological analysis showed no obvious differences between hGPR40-Tg and nontransgenic (NonTg) mice, isolated islets from hGPR40-Tg mice enhanced insulin secretion in response to high glucose (16 mM) than those from NonTg mice with unchanged low glucose (3 mM)-stimulated insulin secretion. In addition, hGPR40-Tg islets significantly increased insulin secretion against a naturally occurring agonist palmitate in the presence of 11 mM glucose. hGPR40-Tg mice were also found to be resistant to high fat diet-induced glucose intolerance, and hGPR40-Tg harboring KK mice showed augmented insulin secretion and improved oral glucose tolerance compared to nontransgenic littermates. Conclusions: Our results suggest that GPR40 may have a role in regulating glucose-stimulated insulin secretion and plasma glucose levels in vivo, and that pharmacological activation of GPR40 may provide a novel insulin secretagogue beneficial for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Full Article
tolerance The High-Fat Diet-Fed Mouse: A Model for Studying Mechanisms and Treatment of Impaired Glucose Tolerance and Type 2 Diabetes By diabetes.diabetesjournals.org Published On :: 2004-12-01 Maria Sörhede WinzellDec 1, 2004; 53:S215-S219Section V: The Incretin Pathway Full Article
tolerance Lamin C Counteracts Glucose Intolerance in Aging, Obesity, and Diabetes Through {beta}-Cell Adaptation By diabetes.diabetesjournals.org Published On :: 2020-03-20T11:50:28-07:00 Aging-dependent changes in tissue function are associated with the development of metabolic diseases. However, the molecular connections linking aging, obesity, and diabetes remain unclear. Lamin A, lamin C, and progerin, products of the Lmna gene, have antagonistic functions on energy metabolism and life span. Lamin C, albeit promoting obesity, increases life span, suggesting that this isoform is crucial for maintaining healthy conditions under metabolic stresses. Because β-cell loss during obesity or aging leads to diabetes, we investigated the contribution of lamin C to β-cell function in physiopathological conditions. We demonstrate that aged lamin C only–expressing mice (LmnaLCS/LCS) become obese but remain glucose tolerant due to adaptive mechanisms including increased β-cell mass and insulin secretion. Triggering diabetes in young mice revealed that LmnaLCS/LCS animals normalize their fasting glycemia by both increasing insulin secretion and regenerating β-cells. Genome-wide analyses combined to functional analyses revealed an increase of mitochondrial biogenesis and global translational rate in LmnaLCS/LCS islets, two major processes involved in insulin secretion. Altogether, our results demonstrate for the first time that the sole expression of lamin C protects from glucose intolerance through a β-cell–adaptive transcriptional program during metabolic stresses, highlighting Lmna gene processing as a new therapeutic target for diabetes treatment. Full Article
tolerance Exendin-4 stimulates both beta-cell replication and neogenesis, resulting in increased beta-cell mass and improved glucose tolerance in diabetic rats By diabetes.diabetesjournals.org Published On :: 1999-12-01 G XuDec 1, 1999; 48:2270-2276Articles Full Article