the mill

Detective Conan: The Million-Dollar Pentagram Movie UK and Ireland Cinema Release Details

The good folks from Trinity CineAsia have sent us details of an up coming cinema release. Detective Conan: The Million-Dollar Pentagram is d...




the mill

A Hungry Anteater Enjoys Several Lovely Treats at the Miller Rehab Zoo in Quebec, Canada

A hungry anteater named Tammy who lives at the Miller Rehabilitation Zoo in Quebec, Canada enjoyed several lovely treats.




the mill

The Asset of the Millennium Isn’t What You Think




the mill

Grist to the mill of knowledge: FSN Forum and Publications and Library Branch join forces

Did you know? The Publications and Library branch and the FSN Forum are teaming up to provide Forum participants with additional references and resources to raise awareness on topics of their contributions.

Who does what 

The Global Forum on Food [...]




the mill

Epic Fight of the Millenia

No one expected the house cat to grow to the size of the Chrysler building. But when it did, we had to fight back. The Tin Robot project was controversial from the start, but, in the end, everyone agreed that we would have been destroyed without it. It all happened during the dead of night in New York City when the gigantic house cat went hunting for food. And by food, I mean anything that skittered across its clawed feet. The lasers fired out of the tin robot, lighting up the night like the sun, and the cat was dead. It fell into Hudson, almost displacing the entire river. That was the last of it. We wrap this cloth around our torsos today in remembrance of that day. $22 | URL | Paypal Credit | S - 2XL ')}

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the mill

The millet makeover: Nutrihub, ICAR-IIMR’s technology business incubator for millet start-ups is a game changer

Scientists at the Indian Institute of Millet Research are helping start-ups create products, from icecream to beer, with the grain at Nutrihub



  • Life & Style

the mill

Rejuvenating the millet market in rural India

Millets, a staple in farmer households, hold out a huge ‘value-added’ opportunity for start-ups, local biz




the mill

The rise of the millennials

When it comes to buying a home, the Indian millennia’s appetite for risk is at its lowest point, says Arvind Jain




the mill

Meet the millipede that uses cyanide as self-defense

Millipedes are poison-filled arthropods that are surprisingly essential to the health of conifer forests in the Northwest.




the mill

Hermit crabs are dying by the millions after swapping their shells for plastic

Researchers counted nearly 600,000 dead hermit crabs on one island chain alone.




the mill

Brightest Young Things brings the millennials to the revamped International Spy Museum

A mostly millennial crowd explored the upgraded and interactive museum.




the mill

CBD News: Statement by Mr Ahmed Djoghlaf, Executive Secretary of the Convention on Biological Diversity, on the occasion of the Pan-European Conference on Biodiversity and the Millennium Development Goals, 7 July 2010, Gabala, Azerbaijan.




the mill

Episode 98 - The Internet of Banning Idiots (IoBI) Infowars, new phone hype and the Millennium Dome

This week on the UK Tech Weekly Podcast our host Scott Carey talks to Macworld editor David Price about the ever-controversial Alex Jones and why the big tech companies are finally stepping up their efforts to ban him from their platforms. Editors note: we recorded this on Thursday before Twitter finally started to take some measures against Jones, without outright banning him.


Next our resident phone nerd and consumer tech editor at Tech Advisor Henry Burrell talks about the upcoming Samsung Galaxy Note 9, the latest iPhone X rumours and how Apple and Google are trying to make you use your phone less.


Lastly Techworld editor Charlotte Jee takes us on a trip down memory lane to talk about the utopian vision of the Millennium Experience, how it reflected the values of a New Labour government and its legacy.

 

See acast.com/privacy for privacy and opt-out information.




the mill

How can we help the millions displaced each year by disasters? -- by Steven Goldfinch, Rebekah Beatrice Ramsay

Governments in the region need to invest more in prevention and response to the long-term impacts of disaster displacement.




the mill

The Millennium Masteri - Selling luxury shophouse A

Shophouse A11 for sale: Court A. Align the residential corner and front of Ben Van Don. Area: 74m2 Price:VND 16 billion. Hotline: 0919462121 - 0933235111 Yan Lin (English, )...




the mill

Quiz: The Millionaire 'coughing major' scandal wasn't just about cheating – it was also about class

Whether or not the Ingrams were cheating on 'Who Wants to Be a Millionaire?', the resulting outrage was rooted in the same dynamics that have come to dominate social discourse in the years since, says Adam White




the mill

This Is England creator Shane Meadows says he wants to do another series, set around the millennium

'I'd love to do a millennium one'




the mill

Strengthen the Millennium Challenge Corporation: Better Results are Possible

Executive Summary

The Millennium Challenge Corporation (MCC) is one of the outstanding innovations of the eight-year presidency of George W. Bush. No other aid agency—foreign or domestic—can match its purposeful mandate, its operational flexibility and its potential muscle.

In the first year after it became operational in May 2004, however, the MCC made a number of mistakes from which it has not fully recovered. It also had the bad luck of facing an increasingly tight budget environment as its performance improved.

The MCC may not survive as an independent agency. Critics have advocated closing it down, while many supporters of foreign assistance reform would maintain the MCC program but consolidate it with the Agency for International Development and the President’s Emergency Plan for Aids Relief under a single individual with broad development responsibilities.

In our assessment, one of the singular achievements of this innovation is the “MCC effect”: steps taken by a number of countries to improve their performance against the MCC’s objective indicators in order to become eligible for an MCC compact.

We conclude that the MCC is moving steadily to fulfill its potential of being the world's leading "venture capitalist" focused on promoting economic growth in low-income countries. The Obama administration can realize this potential by affirming the MCC's bold mandate, strengthening its leadership, and boosting its annual appropriations to at least $3 billion beginning in FY 2010.

Policy Brief #167

A Rough Start

The Millennium Challenge Corporation started off in the wrong direction in 2004. New leadership a year later put the MCC back on track. Unfortunately, however, the MCC has not been able to recover quickly enough from its early mistakes to compete successfully for funding in the face of increasingly severe government-wide budget constraints. After more than four years of operation, it has not yet achieved “proof of concept.” As a result, its future as an independent agency is in jeopardy.

The Concept

In March 2002, six months after the 9/11 terrorist attacks, President George W. Bush announced a commitment to increase U.S. aid to low-income countries by $5 billion per year, representing a jump of 50 percent from the baseline level of official development assistance (ODA).

More remarkable than the size of the commitment was the nature of the commitment. It would not be more of the same. It would be better. It would reward good performance by focusing exclusively on poor countries implementing sound economic development and poverty reduction strategies, as reflected in objective indicators. It would achieve measurable results.

President Bush’s initial concept did not specify the organizational form of the new program. Instead of putting it under the State Department or Agency for International Development (USAID), President Bush opted for creating a special-purpose government corporation—the Millennium Challenge Corporation—to run the program.

Conception turned out to be the easy part. It took almost a year for the administration to send legislation proposing the MCC to Congress, and it took another year for the Congress to send authorizing legislation to the president.

While the purity of the MCC concept was compromised significantly in the process of obtaining enough votes in Congress to establish it, six key elements were preserved: rewarding good performance; country ownership; measurable results; operational efficiency; sufficient scale at the country level to be “transformational”; and global commitments at the rate of $5 billion per year.

The Record

Perhaps the biggest mistake in the MCC’s first year of operations was a failure to develop a good working relationship with the U.S. Congress. Some staffing choices gave the impression that the MCC had no interest in the experience and expertise that existed in USAID, the multilateral development banks and NGOs working in low-income countries. In retrospect, a third problem may have been starting compact negotiations with more than a dozen countries instead of building its portfolio of compact countries more slowly and carefully.

Paul Applegarth resigned as CEO in June 2005 and John Danilovich took over the following October. At that point, compacts had been signed with five countries. Funding problems were already visible. Against the original proposal seeking a combined $4.6 billion for the first two start-up years (reaching the target $5 billion in FY 2006), the budget request added up to only $3.8 billion, Congress authorized only $3.6 billion, and appropriations only reached $2.5 billion.

For the next three years, FY 2006 – FY 2008, the administration’s budget request for the MCC was straight-lined at $3 billion. Appropriations peaked in FY 2006 at $1.77 billion, and then slipped to $1.75 billion in FY 2007 and $1.482 billion in FY 2008 (after an across-the-board rescission). Thirteen more compacts were signed, bringing the total number of compact countries to 18. In addition, threshold agreements totaling $361 million were being implemented in 14 countries. At the end of FY 2008, cumulative MCC appropriations were $7.5 billion, and cumulative compact commitments were $6.3 billion.

As the Bush administration winds down and the Obama administration gears up, the MCC is in an awkward situation. It has recovered from its start-up problems and now has significant support in Congress and the development community. The evidence of an “MCC effect” is particularly notable. The compact countries are fans of the program, and other potentially eligible countries appear eager to conclude compacts.

However, the “measurable results” promised to an impatient Congress have not yet materialized. Since the first compact will not reach the end of its original four year lifespan until July 2009, it is too early to expect such results. Still, enough questions about the effectiveness of the MCC have been raised to strengthen the position of skeptics in the Congress.

A moment of truth is approaching. Assuming FY 2009 funding remains capped by continuing resolutions at a level no higher than $1.5 billion, the MCC will not be able to conclude more than three compacts averaging $400 million each during this fiscal year. While a strong case can be made for an independent aid agency operating at the rate of $5 billion per year, a rate of $1-$1.5 billion per year for a stand-alone agency is not so easy to justify. Meanwhile, an important coalition of foreign aid advocates sees the change of administration as an opportunity to consolidate a wide range of development and humanitarian assistance programs, including the MCC, into a single agency or cabinet-level department.

Findings and Recommendations

Our assessment of the MCC at the end of FY 2008 focuses on six operational issues and ends with a recommendation to the Obama administration. (The full assessment is in our working paper “The Millennium Challenge Corporation: An Opportunity for the Next President.”)

1. Objective indicators. From the outset, objective indicators of country performance have been at the core of the MCC approach to development assistance. The concept is simple: the MCC will provide funding to countries that excel against performance indicators in three areas: ruling justly, investing in people and providing economic freedom. Selecting countries is not so simple.

The MCC’s 17 indicators of country performance are state of the art. But they are not embedded in concrete. The MCC has been pushing hard for improvements. A number of the independent providers of these indicators have tightened their procedures and methodology, and others have shortened the time between data collection and dissemination. The publication of updated country “scorecards” on the MCC Web site each year provides an unprecedented level of visibility linking country performance to donor assistance. In general, the MCC’s indicators have met broad approval in the donor community.

The “MCC effect” has been the most important benefit of these indicators. The MCC’s indicators provide a comprehensive, objective and highly visible system for comparing a country with its peer group and showing where its performance falls short. One academic study found that eligible countries improved their indicators significantly more after the MCC was established than in the pre-MCC period, and that eligible countries improved their indicators significantly faster than developing countries not eligible for compacts.

The MCC’s objective indicator approach has been very successful. Still, it is important to recognize certain inherent limitations. Four are worth singling out:

  • The majority of the measures used to measure performance are available only with a time lag.
  • The indicators reveal relative performance, not absolute performance. Good performers on the basis of the indicators still face daunting challenges.
  • Even a top performing country is likely to see its ranking slip on one of the indicators at some point during compact implementation. This can create a credibility problem for the program even when the underlying trend is positive.
  • Measuring corruption is especially problematic. The corruption indicator is probably state of the art, but corruption has many elements, and there is no agreement on which weights to assign to each one.

Recommendation: Retain and continue to refine the objective indicators.

2. Country selection. Initially, the MCC was limited to funding low-income countries. Since FY 2006, the MCC has been able to commit up to 25 percent of its resources to lower-middle-income countries. For FY 2008, these were countries with annual per capita incomes between $1,736 and $3,595. Together, the two groups included 95 countries.

The MCC board reviews country scorecards once a year and decides which countries to add to the eligibility list. Selection is not automatic based on the indicators. The board considers a wide range of political, economic and social factors.

The MCC’s overall track record in selecting countries is good but not brilliant. At the end of FY 2008, there were 18 countries with signed compacts, five threshold countries that had been declared eligible for compacts, and three additional countries declared eligible that were not in the threshold program. The few selections that have been criticized are cases where political factors might have tipped the balance in favor of the country.

Most of the selected countries have small populations, perhaps because it is easier to be transformational in a small country. Even large countries, however, have poor regions and a case can easily be made that the MCC might have a greater impact by focusing on one poor region in a large country like India or Indonesia than on one entire microstate like Vanuatu.

Recommendation: As long as the MCC’s funding level remains below $2 billion per year, stick with the current approach to selection but avoid new cases where political factors appear to be overriding performance indicators. At higher funding levels, give greater weight to improvements in absolute performance so that the indicators will not be a constraint to adding countries and enlarging the MCC’s impact.

3. Compact design. Compact design can be broken down into four elements: preparation, size, content and choice of partner. One of the hallmarks of the MCC approach to development assistance is an exceptional degree of participation by the host country government and civil society. In a relatively short time, the MCC approach to country ownership has set a high standard to which other donor agencies should aspire.

Compact size is seriously constrained by the statutory five-year limit on the length of a compact and by the prohibition against concurrent compacts. The limit leads to unrealistic expectations: anyone who believes a five-year program can be transformational does not understand development. The inability to have concurrent compacts has led the MCC to bundle together activities that would better be pursued separately. Within these constraints, compact size so far is defensible.

Regarding content, one early criticism of the MCC centered on its bias toward infrastructure projects. Agriculture and infrastructure were the clear priorities at the outset, based on partner-country priorities. These two sectors still account for more than half of all MCC funding, but attention to other sectors has grown. For example, funding for education was absent from the first 10 compacts, but was present in five of the next eight.

This evolution may reflect congressional pressure to be active in the social sectors despite evidence that more investment to expand productive capacity and lower costs could have a greater poverty reduction payoff.

The MCC has also shied away from non-project funding (budget support), which has the advantages of being fast-disbursing, having very low overhead costs and avoiding performance failure by rewarding countries for results recently achieved. Similarly, the MCC has yet to use its considerable ability to leverage funding from private investors, especially for infrastructure projects.

On partnership, all of the compacts to date have been with national governments even though the MCC has the authority to enter into compacts with regional/municipal authorities and private sector parties such as NGOs. With this narrow focus, the MCC is probably missing some opportunities to have a bigger impact.

Our major concern is that the design of the 18 compacts concluded so far reflects very little innovation. They can be characterized as collections of the kinds of development interventions that USAID, the World Bank and other donors have been undertaking for decades. Perhaps in the attempt to overcome its early start-up problems and minimize congressional criticism, the MCC has been too risk averse.

Recommendation: Immediately remove the prohibition against concurrent compacts that is a disincentive to improving performance. Allow the MCC to extend compacts beyond five years when unanticipated complications arise. Provide encouragement from the White House and Congress to be more innovative in compact design.

4. Compact implementation. No MCC compacts have been completed, so assessment of their impact is premature. One problem is the lag from the date of compact signing to the date of its entry into force, which has lengthened from about three months for the first three compacts to 10 months for the 10th and 11th compacts. This reflects the MCC’s tactical decision to delay entry into force until the legal framework is in place and the implementing organization is up and running. The normal process of tendering for infrastructure projects accounts for some of the slowness, and bad luck has also created recent problems in the form of unanticipated increases in fuel and commodity costs.

The choice of an appropriate local implementing agency is both difficult and critical to success. The objectives of country ownership and capacity building/institutional development argue for selecting an existing government ministry or agency. Realities on the ground have led the MCC typically to establish a special-purpose organization (“accountable entity” in the MCC’s jargon). In effect, the MCC has promoted strict accountability at the expense of building partner-country capacity.

The MCC’s approach to monitoring and evaluation is a source of pride, but it could become the program’s Achilles’ heel. The MCC’s recent decision to make public the “economic rate of return” analysis for each new compact puts it at the head of the donor community. Other donor agencies have been unwilling to take this step, except in a more opaque form. A potentially critical problem with the MCC’s approach is latent in the micro performance benchmarks established for each compact. It seems likely that the results will be mixed at the end of most of the compacts. Given the high expectations created for the MCC’s impact, the failure to show superior results could undermine congressional support for the MCC going forward.

Finally, the MCC has largely lived up to its billing as a lean organization. It is now fully staffed at its ceiling of 300 positions. The MCC’s field offices, established after compact signing, are typically limited to two positions.

Recommendation: Continue to refine implementation techniques to the point of becoming a pace-setter and develop performance benchmarks that are less likely to generate disappointment.

5. Threshold Programs. The MCC has committed some $360 million to 16 “threshold” countries. Nearly all of these programs are managed by USAID. Two different visions seem to coexist. One vision is to prepare countries for a compact within a year or two. A second vision is to address a particular “target of opportunity” that will help a country qualify for a compact eventually. It is too soon to say how effective these programs have been under either approach.

However, the individual projects funded under the threshold programs have been indistinguishable from the typical USAID project involving a contract with an American firm to field a team of expatriate advisors focusing on a particular sector. A fundamental problem with the threshold programs is that they give the impression of trying to boost performance scores by short-term actions rather than rewarding the kind of self-generated progress that is more likely to be sustainable.

Recommendation: As long as MCC funding remains below $2 billion per year, shift funding of threshold programs to USAID funding. This will help to ensure that the activities being funded are of high value, and encourage USAID to take a more strategic approach to its operations in low-income countries.

6. Governance. The MCC legislation created a board of directors with five ex officio members and four private sector members. Having private sectors members on the board is one of the great strengths of the MCC, enhancing its objectivity and credibility, helping to ensure bipartisan support, and providing strategic links to the broader development community. By comparison to the boards of other government corporations, the MCC board is small in size and more biased toward public-sector members. Having the secretary of state chair the board weakens the image of the MCC as an agency focused on long-term development.

Recommendation: Amend the MCC legislation to add four more private sector members to the MCC board, allow the board to elect one of its private sector members as chairman.

The Existential Issue.

Although the MCC has not yet lived up to its promise, it still has the potential of offering the biggest bang for the buck among all U.S. development assistance programs. Six features are not only worth keeping but strengthening further: rewarding good performance; using objective indicators to guide the selection of countries; focusing on low-income countries; achieving a high degree of country ownership; avoiding earmarks and time limits on spending authority; and keeping staff small.

However, the current operating level of less than $2 billion per year is far below the original concept. Retaining a separate agency for such a small program within a much larger bilateral assistance program is questionable. With funding moving toward the pace of $5 billion per year, and with added authority to have concurrent compacts, the MCC can be more innovative and more transformational.

The MCC has the potential of being the world's leading "venture capitalist" focused on promoting economic growth in low-income countries. As a core component of a foreign policy that relies more on partnership with other countries, the Obama administration can realize this potential by affirming the MCC's bold mandate, strengthening its leadership, and boosting its annual appropriations to at least $3 billion beginning in FY 2010.R. Kent Weaver is a Senior Fellow in Governance Studies at the Brookings Institution and a Professor of Public Policy and Government at Georgetown University. He is the author of the forthcoming book Reforming Social Security: Lessons from Abroad.


Lex Rieffel is a nonresident senior fellow in Brookings's Global Economy and Development program. He is a former U.S. Treasury official and teaches a graduate course at George Washington University.

James W. Fox, formerly chief economist for Latin America at USAID, is an economic consultant. 


Compact, Threshold and Other Eligible Countries, FY 2008

Country

Agreement Signed

Amount
($ Million)

Type

Comments

Compact Countries

Madagascar

4/18/2005

$110

LIC

Year 3

Honduras

6/13/2005

$215

LIC

Year 3

Cape Verde

7/4/2005

$110

LMIC

Year 2

Nicaragua

7/14/2005

$175

LIC

Year 1

Georgia

9/12/2005

$295

LIC

Year 2

Benin

2/22/2006

$307

LIC

Year 1

Armenia

3/27/2006

$236

LMIC

Year 1

Vanuatu

3/29/2006

$66

LIC

Year 2

Ghana

8/1/2006

$547

LIC

Year 1

Mali

11/13/2006

$461

LIC

Year 1

El Salvador

11/29/2006

$461

LMIC

Year 2

Lesotho

7/23/2007

$363

LIC

Year 1

Mozambique

7/31/2007

$507

LIC

Year 1

Morocco

8/3/2007

$691

LMIC

Year 1

Mongolia

10/22/2007

$285

LIC

Year 1

Tanzania

2/17/2008

$698

LIC

Threshold, Compact year 1

Burkina Faso

7/15/2008

$481

LIC

Threshold, Compact not yet in force

Namibia

7/28/2008

$305

LMIC

Compact not yet in force

Countries with Threshold Programs

Malawi

9/23/2005

$21

LIC

Compact Eligible,Threshold Signed

Albania

4/3/2006

$14

LMIC

Paraguay

5/8/2006

$35

LIC

Zambia

5/22/2006

$23

LIC

Philippines

7/26/2006

$21

LIC

Compact Eligible, Threshold Signed

Jordan

10/17/2006

$25

LMIC

Compact Eligible, Threshold Signed

Indonesia

11/17/2006

$55

LIC

Ukraine

12/4/2006

$45

LMIC

Compact Eligible, Threshold Signed

Moldova

12/15/2006

$25

LIC

Compact proposed, Threshold Signed

Kenya

3/23/2007

$13

LIC

Uganda

3/29/2007

$10

LIC

Guyana

8/23/2007

$7

LIC

Yemen

9/12/2007

$21

LIC

Sao Tome and Principe

11/9/2007

$9

LIC

Peru

6/9/2008

$36

LMIC

Other Eligible Countries

Bolivia

LIC

Compact Proposal Received

Kyrgyz Republic

LIC

Threshold Eligible

Mauritania

LIC

Threshold Eligible

Niger

LIC

Threshold Eligible

Rwanda

LIC

Threshold Eligible

Senegal

LIC

Compact Proposal Received

Timor-Leste

LIC

Compact Eligible, Threshold Eligible


MCC Eligibility Indicators

Indicator

Category

Source

Civil Liberties

Ruling Justly

Freedom House

Political Rights

Ruling Justly

Freedom House

Voice and Accountability

Ruling Justly

World Bank Institute

Government Effectiveness

Ruling Justly

World Bank Institute

Rule of Law

Ruling Justly

World Bank Institute

Control of Corruption

Ruling Justly

World Bank Institute

Immunization Rates

Investing in People

World Health Organization

Public Expenditure on Health

Investing in People

World Health Organization

Girls' Primary Education Completion Rate

Investing in People

UNESCO

Public Expenditure on Primary Education

Investing in People

UNESCO and national sources

Business Start Up

Economic Freedom

IFC

Inflation

Economic Freedom

IMF WEO

Trade Policy

Economic Freedom

Heritage Foundation

Regulatory Quality

Economic Freedom

World Bank Institute

Fiscal Policy

Economic Freedom

national sources, cross-checked
with IMF WEO

Natural Resource Management

Investing in People

CIESIN/Yale

Land Rights and Access

Economic Freedom

IFAD / IFC


Countries with Threshold Programs

Country

Agreement
Signed

Amount
($ Million)

Purpose

Burkina Faso

7/22/2005

12.9

Increase Girls' primary education




the mill

Are the Millennials Driving Downtown Corporate Relocations?

In spite of the U.S. Census data for the past decade showing continued job de-centralization, there is now much anecdotal evidence for the just the opposite. The Chicago Crain’s Business Journal reports that companies such as Allstate, Motorola, AT&T, GE Capital, and even Sears are re-considering their fringe suburban locations, generally in stand alone campuses,…

       




the mill

Help us reach the Million Pollinator Garden Challenge!

Every little flower helps. Especially when there's a lot of us planting them.




the mill

Episode 2: Don't malign the millenials; The kids are alright.

Once again, one has to parse the data to get the real story.




the mill

Walk In The Mill to continue Grand National preparations at Chepstow on Friday 

Walk In The Mill, who is as short as 14-1 second favourite with some layers for the Grand National in April, will continue his preparation at Chepstow on Friday.




the mill

An Inspector Calls: The Mill at Gordleton review

The Inspector called in at The Mill at Gordleton hotel in the New Forest, where he found the staff to be charming and the food plentiful but uninspiring.




the mill

Training the millions left behind


Vocational training could play a key role in bridging the gap that keeps millions of workers in the unorganised economy away from a better future. The needs of informal sector workers are complex, and mere training for income-generation is seen to be insufficient, writes Varupi Jain.




the mill

The millions who cannot vote


By having elections at a time when people are forced to migrate in search of work, we are simply excluding an ever-growing number of citizens from the vote, says P Sainath.




the mill

Meet the Milliner

The milliner is mistress of a thousand tasks, making gowns and garments for ladies. Janea Whitacre describes the trade.




the mill

An Apprentice at the Millinery Shop

Draping, cutting, sewing, and trim: these are the hallmarks of the milliner and mantua-maker’s craft. Apprentice Sarah Woodyard is near completion of her apprenticeship, and at the threshold of attaining journeywoman status.



  • Trades & Technology
  • Women

the mill

India: the millions of working poor exposed by pandemic

More than 140m migrant workers have lost jobs since the lockdown began and now face destitution




the mill

Not everyone gets a trophy [electronic resource] : how to manage the millenials / Bruce Tulgan

Tulgan, Bruce, author




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The millennial myth [electronic resource] : transforming misunderstanding into workplace breakthroughs / Crystal Kadakia

Kadakia, Crystal, author




the mill

Calling time [electronic resource] : religion and change at the turn of the millennium / edited by Martyn Percy




the mill

Aerial view: Central Avenue and 1st Avenue North looking east toward the waterfront, the Million Dollar Pier, the Yacht basin, St. Petersburg Yacht Club, and the Soreno Hotel; the Hotel Detroit sign is not visible, Harrison Powell Hardware and Furniture.




the mill

Aerial view: Central Avenue looking east toward the waterfront, the Million Dollar Pier, the Yacht basin, the St. Petersburg Yacht Club, Soreno Hotel, Ponce de Leon Hote; the Hotel Detroit sign is not visible; the Willson Chase Co complete sign is legible




the mill

Aerial view: Central Avenue looking east toward the waterfront, the Million Dollar Pier, Yacht basin, St. Petersburg Yacht Club, Soreno Hotel, and the Ponce de Leon Hotel; the Hotel Detroit sign not visible; Willson Chase Co complete sign is legible; Deco




the mill

The Miller Drug Store, Inverness, Fla




the mill

The Miller-Lenfesty Company




the mill

At the Milliner's




the mill

At the Milliner's (detail)




the mill

The Liberty Boys and the miller, or, Routing the Tory bandits




the mill

Meet the Milliner

The milliner is mistress of a thousand tasks, making gowns and garments for ladies. Janea Whitacre describes the trade.




the mill

An Apprentice at the Millinery Shop

Draping, cutting, sewing, and trim: these are the hallmarks of the milliner and mantua-maker’s craft. Apprentice Sarah Woodyard is near completion of her apprenticeship, and at the threshold of attaining journeywoman status.



  • Trades & Technology
  • Women