To really manage and maximize your time — to squeeze every opportunity out of it — you have to appreciate how much you have. Take control of your time, and don’t allow others to. Get family, friends, colleagues, and employees to agree on the most important priorities. Otherwise, they will pull you in multiple directions. When I do this, I'm able to control my time better.

I typically wake up before the sun and stay busy all day. Time is either invested or wasted, so I do not like white space on my calendar. I make time for myself, my family and my business, to do things like writing my goals, working out, taking a walk with my kids, and leading calls and meetings.

complete article

Many of us are wondering, for example, how the U.S. economy will impact business. Will hiring finally ease up? How will younger generations change our workforce?

Without a crystal ball, it's tough to answer every question. But, given trends we saw this year, it is possible to make a few educated predictions about what small businesses should prepare for as 2019 approaches. Here are my top four predictions:

2019 is the beginning of the Gen Z takeover.

complete article

Big companies often have big perks. That is especially true in the technology Opens a New Window.  space, where free meals, gyms, and even day care are quite common. Even more traditional large companies that do not offer those kinds of benefits still have things that smaller businesses Opens a New Window. do not -- there are more opportunities for advancement, more training opportunities, and maybe even the option of transferring to another location.

complete article

As your small business grows, it will eventually become too big to run out of your home. With steady clients coming in or an expanding workforce of people you have hired, you probably don't want to keep conducting business in your basement or at your kitchen table.

complete article

Regardless of your industry, if you want to thrive, then you need to network. Although you already know the catch: How can an entrepreneur or founder possibly fit networking into their already hectic schedules? Here are 11 tips to resolve the networking issue when you're crunched for time.

1. Make networking a habit.

complete article

Remote work was already on the rise before Covid-19 forced many employees to transition to working from home. Today, as many organizations continue to operate remotely due to the pandemic, how can business leaders address the array of security challenges their companies face?

Network security should be top of mind for businesses of all sizes across a variety of industries. While the list of companies experiencing major security breaches in recent years includes some well-known enterprises, addressing security threats is an especially hefty challenge for small businesses—particularly if those businesses lack the resources to implement strong controls and educate staff.

Ankur Jains investment firm, Kairos, is funding training sessions and job placement for 10,000 workers.

While major corporations furloughing workers and declaring bankruptcy tends to get the biggest headlines, our culture's dramatic shift to working from home is the true breakout business story from this pandemic. The transition has certainly had its share of ups and downs, but rapidly growing acceptance indicates this is a trend that is almost certainly going to shape the future of work.

The transition began before 2020
While Covid-19 restrictions caused an abrupt shift, working from home was already accelerating. Research from FlexJobs found that the number of people in the United States who worked from home grew by an astounding 159 percent between 2005 and 2017.

Much of this growth can be attributed to freelancing. Upworks Freelancing in America 2019 survey found that the number of Americans who did freelance work grew from 53 million to 57 million between 2014 and 2019. Younger generations were especially likely to participate, with 40 percent of millennials and 53 percent of Generation Z contributing to the gig economy.

Okay, I got home, sat down to check my favorite bloggers, news sites, and stuff, and found a problem. I...

Part 6 of our series on 'The Holy Spirit' begins our look at 'The Work Of The Holy Spirit'. The Holy Spirit is the critical prime mover in the work of redemption. He established salvation for us but now He is also the One who applies salvation to us. In the next two studies, we will see how the Holy Spirit personally works in our lives to conform us to the image of Jesus. This episode will look at the Spirit's work of 'Conviction and Regeneration'. Why not share this message, which is available at https://www.preachtheword.com now in MP3 audio format and in HD video on our YouTube Channel (https://youtube.com/PreachTheWord)...

Part 7 of our series on 'The Holy Spirit' continues our look at 'The Work Of The Holy Spirit'. The Holy Spirit is the critical prime mover in the work of redemption. He established salvation for us but now He is also the One who applies salvation to us. We are learning how the Holy Spirit personally works in our lives to conform us to the image of Jesus. Last time we considered the Spirit's work of 'Conviction and Regeneration', in this episode we will look at the Spirit's work of 'Empowerment and Sanctification'. Why not share this message with others? It's available at https://www.preachtheword.com now in MP3 audio format and in HD video on our YouTube Channel (https://youtube.com/PreachTheWord)...

What is the difference between Holy Spirit fruit and merely human-produced work? We will see in this study of 'The Fruit Of The Spirit - Fruit vs Works' that the Fruit of the Spirit is an indication that we are rooted in the life of Christ Himself. As the saying goes, 'A machine can do work, only life can produce fruit'. This sermon is available at https://www.preachtheword.com now in MP3 audio format and in HD video on our YouTube Channel (https://youtube.com/PreachTheWord)...

The version was successful and Charlotte is now in the correct position. I checked into Labor and Delivery  at 6 and was discharged around 8:30. It was painful but quick. Now I feel like we are in countdown mode. Lord willing, we will be meeting Charlotte face to face in just a couple of weeks!!

Freeware for PC : Virtual Instruments / Expander / sampler

te koop compleete engelse zitkoffer in combinatie met een techniworks alu feederplateau.koffer is zoals u kunt zien op de fotos nog in goede staatvoorzien van twee schuiven aan de voorkanten een aan de zijkantonder het deksel is plaats voor vistuigen en in het zwarte gedeelte.de koffer is verder voorzien van verstelbare potenhengelsteun links of rechts aastafel/voerbak paraplusteun aan de achterzijdeen onderbak is dubbelwandig te gebruiken als koelbox.en in combinatie met het bovenste gedeelte van de koffer en het plateau heeft u een heerlijk zit station om te feederen maar ook om met de stok te vissen dus van alles mogelijk.twee verstelbare hengelsteunenverstelbere feeder steun en een grootte afsluitbare aasbak.interesse? doe een rieel bod en hij is voor jou.wegens omvang ophalen.

The innocence of its name belies the true nature of this new virtual organism.

Meaning? PJs is a powerplay by a handful of elitist bloggers to carve out a new media empire for their personal (and financial) gratification.

"Pajamas Media, a new blogging venture designed to bring together top online writers, journalists and commentators under a single umbrella, today unveiled its editorial board as it prepares for its formal debut next month.

The announcement comes as Pajamas Media further realizes its vision of coalescing the internet's brightest minds and most compelling content into a single source that will, in turn, complement and re-define journalism in the 21st century."

Today's message is on a topic I rarely see discussed
online, that being how to apply direct marketing
principles to your network marketing business.

To be fair, network marketing itself, does in fact
follow a direct marketing model, but not in the most
efficient way.

It's understandable why, in many highly successful
direct marketing businesses the phone is a key
component to creating results, but you don't see the
owner of the organization on the phone themselves,
rather they hire a phone room to do the dirty work.

When done properly it can be highly effective, but when
done improperly it can alienate your customers and give
them a bad impression of you and your business.

Just yesterday, which was Sunday, I was riding along in
the car with a friend when my phone rang. It turned out
to be a telemarketer who had pulled my name from the
list of customers of someone I had purchased an
information product from trying to solicit a seminar
sale.

I was wholly closed to this because it was Sunday and I
have better things to do than be sold a ticket to a
seminar that I had no interest in.

The phone is a very sensitive media and this should be
understood. Now, instead of looking favourably upon the
person I had purchased from I will forever hold a
negative vision of them because of this call.

So that's how telemarketing can be done wrong.

In network marketing you're taught to do 3 way calls,
which can be effective, but understand when you're
taught to do this without first being taught how to
generate your leads first you're basically being
reduced to a telemarketer.

Understand that the phone if you so choose to use it in
your business is only one piece of the puzzle and all
pieces must be present for optimum success.

It starts with lead generations. Where are you going to
find your prospective recruits? Online there are
several different ways to do this.

Next comes qualifying them. How are you going to get
them to raise their hand and show you that they are
interested in what you have? Are you going to use a
lead capture page or something else to have your leads
qualify themselves?

Next comes communication with your leads. How are you
going to constantly communicate with your leads so that
a trusting relationship is built? Are you going to use
email, teleseminars, personal phone follow up, or are
you going to do them all.

Finally we come to the offer. What are you going to
offer your prospects that they want and how are you
going to have them take action to get it? Will it be a
sales page that you use, direct mail?

In all this you have to understand that all parts of
the system must be congruent with each other. You can't
get traffic from people interested in health and sell
them personal development. It won't work optimally.

Further you can't have your leads opt into a lead
capture page for one thing and then in your email
follow up talk about something completely different.

It's all got to fit together.

And you've got to offer your prospects what they want.
So you have to know what they want. You can't guess at
this, because you don't know until you ask them.

It's like the game show "Family Feud" you don't get
points for giving the BEST answer you win by giving the
answer that most people polled said.

It's not about you, it's about them.

All these things must be in harmony for you to leverage
a direct marketing approach to network marketing most
effectively, it's not just getting some leads from a
leads company and calling them.

If you just do this you'll miss out on truly leveraging
what direct marketing should be for your network
marketing business, especially when we talk about the
Internet.



What if you could grow a network marketing organization
of 6057 in less than 2 years and personally recruit 401
people without picking up the phone? Imagine how
different you life could be. Here's the first step to
making that happen. Go here now:
==> http://www.opportunity-waits.com

Joe Jones joins a network marketing company and says .
. .

"Wow this business looks great!

I can't believe how great this product is. I never knew
it existed until that day I luckily happened upon it
online, but ever sense that day I've been a different
person. The team I'm on is fantastic and I can't wait
to learn what they are going to teach me next.

This business is going to change my life and my sponsor
is teaching me things I never knew. I set a goal to
cover both my mortgage and car note with this business
and I gave my word not only to myself, but to my
sponsor as well, that it's happening and as far as I'm
concerned it's as good as done.

It's only a matter of time."

Bill Baxter joins the same network marketing company
and says . . .

"This Company looks pretty good, but the last time I
gave this a shot it didn't work. I'm only going to give
this go around two months and if I'm not making at
least $1000 a month I'm out of here. I think my sponsor
said something about a co-op. I'm gonna join and if
that doesn't grow my business then I'll know.

I think this stuff can work. I mean, I've seen it work
for so many other people, but they all get up on stage
and bring prospects to those business calls, I've done
that before and I'm not doing it again.

I've only got 4 hours to spare a week and if this
business doesn't grow with that sort of time you won't
see me around here in a month I can promise you that.
They say anyone can make it happen, yeah right . . ."

Six months later . . .

Joe is making double what he set out to as his goal and
Bill has moved on to three more network marketing
companies and hasn't made a dime yet.

I wonder why?

It's your belief system. It's a thermometer for you.
Where you set it is exactly where you go.

Where you go is exactly how people see you.

Believe big in you and bigger things than you thought
would happen will, but have little belief in yourself
and little to nothing happens.

It's your choice.

What do you believe about your business?

Are you going to make it happen or make sure it
doesn't? It all comes down to what you think.

And to be honest if you believe big you'll get there,
but you'll get there faster if you know a few secrets
to get you there faster.

Here is where you'll find them, the question is . . .
will you use them?



What if you could learn how to grow your network
marketing business the 2007 way, instead of having to
rely on what worked 30 years ago because your sponsor
doesn't know any better? Do you'd think you'd reach you
goals faster? Here's how to find out:

==> http://www.opportunity-waits.com

(This is an extract from our newsletter - if you would
like to find out more check out the resource box)

It's a beautiful morning here in Washington DC. I woke
up and went out side and just sat there for a few
minutes to listen. There's a light breeze and just
hearing the rustling of the leaves as gentle wind blows
on them is a powerfully calming feeling.

As I sat there I thought about the Internet and how we
use it. As I watched the leaves blow from one direction
to the next an extremely important principle popped
into my mind. Something I've never thought about
directly, but just as that gentle wind blew the leaves
from direction so does this affect your business, maybe
without you even knowing about it.

This may be one of the most important emails that I
ever send to you. If you can understand what I am about
to say you'll understand the true fabric of both the
Internet and using the Internet to grow your network
marketing business.

Understand this . . .

Just as there are two sides to everything, a ying and
yang to say, so are there two sides to your internet
business and many make the mistake by not taking note
of this.

There are several things that you can do to generate
targeted traffic to your site and for each and every
single one of them there are about 50 guys with
products telling you and me how to do them the best.
That's fine and it's actually a good sign because it
means there truly is more than one way to skin a cat
with any given traffic generation technique, but unless
you realize what you're doing you can put a great deal
of undue stress on yourself.

I don't mean know what you're doing in terms of being
an expert in any of this stuff, I mean a goal, a vision
of what your business is going to look like one year
from now, and then 5 and 10 years from now.

Without this you can easily put yourself in a position
where you're doing far too much for little to no
appreciable result and a mind full of mixed emotions
and fear.

Quite a few of the people that email me fall into this
trap. (It's not their fault, it just happens to us a
people if we're not aware of what's going on in our
mind and let our emotions lead us.)

Their emails go something like this . . .

"John I've been doing xyz and I've generated some
traffic, but no one is buying anything I'm scared,
frustrated, and I think I'm going to quite."

What you think is what generally happens so when I read
these words I can literally see the little spark that
started their business start to flutter out.

Further . . .

Even putting things like this into writing is the wrong
idea because it creates and transmits the wrong mental
vibe for success, and mostly likely will send you on a
downward spiral towards a negative outlook on your
business. And if you're not positive about your
business you're on the way out.

It's reactionary in nature. Entrepreneurs don't react
they create.

And all this happens because most don't really know
what they are doing. They have a vague idea that they
want more money right now and they've found a business
with an opportunity to fulfill that, but they don't
think past it.

This happened to me when I began and it left me open to
self victimization. Anything that promised me money now
I bought

and subsequently failed.

Understand this about the internet . . .

There are things that you can do that are quick fixes
and others that will build a foundation so that your
business continues to grow for years to come.

I chose to do the later, after trying the other way.

The strategies and the mental focus differ
significantly.

If you think I need to set up a PPC campaign so that I
can get people into my business today because I need
money right now then you'll most likely do the
following.

You'll find the quickest and easiest way to put up a
vaguely targeted Google Adwords campaign and just throw
it out there to see what sticks.

Most of the stuff won't. And you'll say I generated
some traffic but nothing is happening.

On the other hand, if you think with a long term
perspective in mind on your business when you approach
your marketing, even with that same exact PPC campaign
you'll do things totally differently.

You'll say I want this campaign to still produce
targeted traffic a year from now and I don't want to
have to keep updating it all the time so let me make
sure when I do my research I do it thoroughly so I
won't have to do it again.

It will take longer to do, but the results are much
much better both in the short and long term.

Do you see what I'm saying here?

It's where you focus you mind in your marketing that
will dictate your results.

Think first of what you want and then create your
internet advertising campaign around that, and what you
want has to be more specific than just some targeted
traffic and some leads and some people in my business
so that I make money now.

Have a real defined end in mind before the game begins.

And don't think this faulty mindset is something that
only happens to us as marketers. It happens to owners
of network marketing companies that go out of business
in just a few short years and those guys launching
product after product just to see what we will buy.

These people also have a frantic "now now now" frame of
mind.

Think about the type of people and companies you are
dealing with just as much as yourself when doing your
marketing.

Stay as far away from those with vaguely defined goals
and visions of what they want no matter if they are
your upline leader, company owner, or the guy you're
thinking about buying an eBook from.

Why?

Well remember how I said I was listening and watching
the leaves blow in the wind?

If you or you follow the advice of a person who only
thinks about right now well then you become just like
those leaves. You leave yourself open to whatever
weather blows you're way.

If you plan and set out only to do those things that
fit your plan you root yourself deep into the ground
like a sturdy oak tree that ain't moving.



Internet Network Marketing is about creating long term
stable wealth online, not vague ideas on how to get
rich quick only to be left broke. If you'd like to
learn the real secrets to creating a long term stable
online business that will allow you retire on here's
where to learn it live and in person:
==> http://www.opportunity-waits.com

(This is an extract from our newsletter - if you would
like to find out more check out the resource box)

The biggest problem I have with a lot of the stuff that
I see people selling to others online is that I
sometimes wonder if they are actually using the
information that they are peddling or if they are just
unloading it on the public.

If there is one thing that I will consistently be is
the biggest testimonial that Internet MLM Success works
and continues to work, so I want to share with you the
complete results of an advertising campaign that I
carried out recently in my OWN current Internet network
marketing efforts.

A few months ago I placed an ad online.

It was costly at $695.

It took about a month for the ad to run, but here are
the results . . .

The ad brought in 2818 unique views at a cost of $.25
cent per click (not so bad) . . .

It generated over 460 leads at $1.51 a lead.

Here's the IMPORTANT info . . .

From those leads I had a total of 48 people join my
team at a cost of 14.47 per new team member.

Of those 16 upgraded to a premium level in my company
on the front end, so that's an upgrade at $43.44.

All this while I was away at work.

That's what Internet network marketing is all about.

It's not about buying leads, it's about leverage.

It's about finding groups of people that are interested
in your product or service and then giving them the
opportunity see what you have to offer and THEN letting
the interested parties take action.

That way you never deal with anyone that isn't
motivated for success, and you're making the absolute
best use of your time as a marketer.

That's the way to do if you asked me . . .


What if you could guarantee you make money in your
business regardless of whether or not any joins your
business?
==> http://www.opportunity-waits.com

You’re going to love this new site I found for social and business networking at http://directmatches.com/jodriscoll. It’s free to join and advertise in this business directory. You can even win cash and prizes for the best profile.

You’re invited to post a free profile on my site. Many serious entrepreneurs will view your contact and business information.

Join Free — Advertise For Free —The Business Directory
http://directmatches.com/jodriscoll
Enjoy the Free Training – Wealth Building without Rejection

Please let me know what you think of the site and business concept.

Stay in Touch – “Networking Is a Contact Sport”

. (11 Shares Gone In
Less Than 24 hours!)

Team,

First off . . .

It's been less than 24 hours and we have already had 11
shares reserved at my last count and it always makes me
happy to see that many of the shares reserved were reserved
by repeat co-op members.

This shows me that our co-op not only continues to improve
in value, but also we have many people on our team that use
our co-op as an integral part of their marketing strategy
month after month.

Let me get into the details and explain to you exactly how
our team co-op works . . .

Starting yesterday I opened the enrollment window for the
co-op.

I generally leave this window open for about one week or
until all shares are sold, whichever comes first.

Judging by the fast action of many members of our team, we
will most likely sell out of shares for this co-op in less
than a week.

Each member can reserve up to but no more than 3 shares in
the co-op.

The reason for this is I want to allow team members to use
the co-op as a tool in their marketing arsenal, but I very
much don't want people to use the co-op as their sole
traffic generation method.

It's highly effective, but the truth is your business will
take off to a new level when you master the skills of
creating targeted traffic on your own and using your
marketing skills to control the overall growth of your
business.

Becoming a proficient marketer whether it be online or off
takes time and I understand that, so while you are learning
the skills to be an independent internet network marketer
you have the co-op to lean on to help you generate some
highly qualified traffic to your lead capture page.

It's a huge leverage so if you need it I suggest you use it.

But . . .

Back to the explanation of how our team co-op works . . .

Once all shares are reserved or the co-op window closes I
will take all of our co-op members lead capture page URLs
and add them to a URL rotator so that when traffic is
generated it is divided equally between all members of the
co-op.

This process normally takes me about a day of set up.

After that it's off to the races . . .

I generate targeted traffic for our co-op members using
multiple tried and true traffic generation methods including
Google Adwords, Article Marketing, and Getresponse power
leads campaigns to name a few which I continually test and
track and I direct all traffic to our team co-op front end
lead capture page found at:

http://www.mlm-successsite.com

Once a lead opts in through this lead capture page they are
then immediately added to our team co-op auto responder
account as well as forwarded to our team URL rotator and co-
op lead capture pages.

For every opt in on the front end their will be one lead
capture page view.

In my history of doing our team co-op I have found this to
be the best way to generate extremely targeted lead capture
page views because the lead is double qualified in the
process.

That is . . .

Before they even get a chance to view on of our team's lead
capture pages they have to opt in to our team lead capture
page listed above.

Those people that do opt in on the back end to your lead
capture pages are highly qualified.

They had to double confirm their interest by opting in twice
to view your sales page.

This increases conversions on the front end.

So the question is raised?

How many people double opt in?

About 65% will opt in through your lead capture page on the
back end after opting into our front end lead capture page.

That's fine . . .

Because once they opt in on the front end my TRUE work
begins.

We send all of our leads to a front lead capture page and
collect them in a team auto responder for a very important
reason.

It allows us to send these leads personal follow up emails
on a daily basis.

In creating a "co-op list" we are actually creating a pool
of qualified prospects that we can develop a relationship
with and market to as much as we want over the course of
time.

So my biggest job as the administrator of our team co-op is
to consistently and continually develop a relationship to
these leads once they have opted in.

I do this by sending our leads list an email twice a day.

Once in the morning with a high value relationship building
email and once in the afternoon with a more sales pitch type
email and always giving our leads a good reason to come back
and check out Success University through our team URL rotator
link.

This will create a steady flow of high quality leads for you
to your lead capture page over the course of the month that
our co-op will be in effect after we begin marketing and
promotion.

Even better, the amount of traffic and leads will grow over
the course of the month as this list of prospects grows and
becomes more comfortable with our mailings.

This is HUGE leverage!

You may ask . . .

Why not just set up an auto responder series and send that
out to the list?

This is a good question and the truth is we could and it
would work effectively, but it is not the same powerful
dynamic of creating and having a ongoing dialogue with the
people on the list and this can only happen in a real time
day to day email conversation.

To ensure the best quality of leads and traffic for you as a
member of the team co-op I will devote the time and effort
to do this.

Why?

I take my responsibility to you very seriously.

Your success is my success, and so I will NOT do anything
second best if I know there is a better way to conduct
business.

I will tell you bluntly . . .

You will never find a person more dedicated to your overall
success than me, and the way we run our team co-op is a
reflection of that dedication.

I want as many people as possible to be sitting on the
beaches of the world with me financially free in the next
couple of years and the only way to do that is show you how
this stuff should be done -Do it myself and then teach to
those that are willing to learn.

If you can conceive financial freedom for yourself in this
business, I guarantee it's is possible.

It takes work and courage, but it's possible.

Let's do this thing together!

I'm here to the end as long as you don't give up on
yourself.

Reserve your share in our team's co-op before it's to late!

Use the links below to reserve your share!


http://mlm-successsite.com/training/Coop%20Program.html

[Team Exclusive] IMPORTANT!!!

I will leave our team co-op window for enrolment until all
available shares are sold or for one week at the most!

http://mlm-successsite.com/training/Coop%20Program.html


To Your Success!

John

Lazzaro is trying to remember the name of a girl who worked at the Bead Workshop in the 1970s. See a print ad for it from The Tulsa Phonograph Record Magazine, July 1975, in GroupBlog 325.

Here is the video of investigative reporter Janna Clark's FOX23 News report yesterday with my interview.

Tax time is rolling around once again. Today, Joe and I drove out to Sun Prairie, Wisconsin and met with our new accountant--Terry Weisensel--he was super (very knowledgeable and pleasant). We find it easier to just have a professional handle...

Displays network adapters information. Free

Back when I was at Waggener Edstrom, I was working on a developing strategy/recommendations for a software company that was interested in becoming a social business, or as it was sold in (making a social business transformation). When I came...

A focus group discussion with the ARBs was conducted by Environmental and Social Safeguard (ESS) specialists from Visayas and Mindanao as part of the pilot testing of the Resettlement Policy Framework (RPF).

Published at LXer: Following AMD and FreeBSD Foundation collaborations and the Sovereign Tech Fund making a big investment into FreeBSD, the FreeBSD Foundation and Quantum Leap Research have...

Published at LXer: The HardenedBSD Foundation has partnered with Protectli, a manufacturer of open-source firewall appliances, to develop a censorship- and surveillance-resistant mesh network. ...

Published at LXer: Find out the File Smuggling technique to secretly share the executable file from an email provider, such as Gmail, without getting blocked. Read More......

This is not only a H.323 topic, but since H.323 also uses TCP connections, it applies to H.323 as well:

To detect network errors and signaling connection problems, you can enable TCP keep alive feature. It will increase signaling bandwidth used, but as bandwidth utilized by signaling channels is low from its nature, the increase should not be significant. Moreover, you can control it using keep alive timeout.

The problem is that most system use keep alive timeout of 7200 seconds, which means the system is notified about a dead connection after 2 hours. You probably want this time to be shorter, like one minute or so. On each operating system, the adjustment is done in a different way.

After settings all parameters, it's recommended to check whether the feature works correctly - just make a test call and unplug a network cable at either side of the call. Then see if the call terminates after the configured timeout.

Linux systems

Use sysctl -A to get a list of available kernel variables
and grep this list for net.ipv4 settings (sysctl -A | grep net.ipv4).
There should exist the following variables:

net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time:   time of connection inactivity after which
                               the first keep alive request is sent
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_probes: number of keep alive requests retransmitted
                               before the connection is considered broken
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_intvl:  time interval between keep alive probes

You can manipulate with these settings using the following command:

sysctl -w net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time=60 net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_probes=3 

    net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_intvl=10

This sample command changes TCP keepalive timeout to 60 seconds with 3 probes,
10 seconds gap between each. With this, your application will detect dead TCP
connections after 90 seconds (60 + 10 + 10 + 10).

FreeBSD and MacOS X

For the list of available TCP settings (FreeBSD 4.8 an up and 5.4):

sysctl -A | grep net.inet.tcp

net.inet.tcp.keepidle - Amount of time, in milliseconds, that the (TCP) 
connection must be idle before keepalive probes (if enabled) are sent.

net.inet.tcp.keepintvl - The interval, in milliseconds, between 
keepalive probes sent to remote machines. After TCPTV_KEEPCNT (default 
8) probes are sent, with no response, the (TCP)connection is dropped.

net.inet.tcp.always_keepalive - Assume that SO_KEEPALIVE is set on all 
TCP connections, the kernel will periodically send a packet to the 
remote host to verify the connection is still up.

therefore formula to calculate maximum TCP inactive connection time is 
following:

net.inet.tcp.keepidle + (net.inet.tcp.keepintvl x 8)

the result is in milliseconds.

therefore, by setting
net.inet.tcp.keepidle = 10000
net.inet.tcp.keepintvl = 5000
net.inet.tcp.always_keepalive =1 (must be 1 always)

the system will disconnect a call when TCP connection is dead for:
10000 + (5000 x 8) = 50000 msec (50 sec)

To make system remember these settings at startup, you should add them 
to /etc/sysctl.conf file

Solaris

For the list of available TCP settings:

ndd /dev/tcp ?

Keepalive related variables:
- tcp_keepalive_interval - idle timeout

Example:
ndd -set /dev/tcp tcp_keepalive_interval 60000

Windows 2000 and Windows NT

Search Knowledge Base for article ID 120642:
http://support.microsoft.com/kb/120642/EN-US

Basically, you need to tweak some registry entries under
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINESYSTEMCurrentControlSetServicesTcpipParameters

This is not an exciting story, despite the title. But it’s true. And it happens to dozens of people every day, and is the reason why getting to work in London can sometimes take so long.

First, let me explain that this is not a story of me causing a fire alarm to go off, for anti-terrorist police to close a station for half an hour, or some dramatic incident that has left TfL seeking an ASBO against me.

This is a story that starts with a strap of a backpack. This strap, in fact:

This morning I caught a tube from Baron’s Court on the District Line heading East. Normally I change at South Kensington for a Circle Line to Moorgate, or hop off at Mansion House and walk up to the office through the City. This morning I had decided to stay on the District line until Blackfriars, and change there for a Circle line. It’s a man’s perogative, etc.

The tube this morning was very busy. During the Olympics it has on the whole been very quiet, but this morning it was the normal 8:15-8:45am peak time crush. I was stood right next to the door at the very front of the train, crushed in by about 20 other souls attempting to share the exact same square foot I was stood on.

At Victoria, as is often the way for the District Line, a lot of hustling and bustling went on as people fought their way out to the platform, and others tried to struggle onto the train. After around a minute, the doors closed.

Except for the one next to me. Looking down, it was jammed on my bag strap.

Swearing, I attempted to free it. It was jammed solid because the hydraulic pressure of the door was pushing against it, but not with sufficient force for the door to close. The guy next to me tried to help. The guy on the platform waiting for the next train also tried to help. Neither of us could free it. Moving it simply led to the door moving along a bit, keeping the strap jammed.

Then the sound of hydraulics releasing was heard, all the doors on the train went to open, and the driver climbed out of the cab. The release of pressure had allowed me to unjam the strap, and recover it into the train. The driver confirmed we were all fine, climbed back into the cab, closed the doors, and off we went.

I apologised to those around me for delaying their journey, even though the total delay was perhaps 60-90 seconds.

Then realised everybody else on the train was delayed, too.

Then a thought about queuing theory and a little knowledge about how loaded that line is with train traffic at that time of the morning hit me: I had delayed tens of thousands of people.

Let me explain how I worked this out.

The District Line is composed of rather large gauge trains. I estimate that conservatively, each train is capable of shifting 2,000 people during peak times. There were certainly at least 2,000 people on my train this morning. Yes, they are only 6 carriages each, but each is certainly capable of holding nearly 350 people, and frequently does. I’m prepared to revise my numbers down if shown evidence.

In addition, the District Line platforms are not just used by the District Line. They’re also used by the Circle line between Gloucester Road and Tower Hill.

A glance at any “passenger information display” on a platform along this part of the network during rush hour will tell you the mean time between trains is 1 minute. There are close to 60 trains an hour going along that piece of track during rush hour.

Because my train was delayed for over a minute, this must have caused the train behind it to be given a red signal. This in turn would have caused the train behind that to be given a red signal, and so on. This buffer effect would be dampened beyond Gloucester Road going West, because the Circle and District lines diverge, giving more time for the red signals to switch to green, meaning scheduled trains would not have to stop in an unscheduled manner.

However, there would have been at least - I think - 5 trains affected by this delay in addition to my own. So we’re now up to 12,000 people in total delayed by my bag strap jamming a door.

It gets worse.

I changed at Blackfriars to a Circle line train. I got off the train I had delayed, waited 60 seconds on the platform and got on the Circle line train immediately following it, obviously now delayed. Cautiously making sure my bag was far from any doors, I boarded aware this train was now at least 2 minutes late against schedule.

Satisfied at the figure I had come up with of around 12,000 delayed passengers, I had assumed I had done no more damage, until we got to Aldgate.

The tube system has a tendency to expect passengers always want to be moving all of the time. Any delay of more than a minute or two at a station is always explained via an announcement. As we sat at Aldgate, the driver announced we were being “regulated” by a red signal. Looking out of the window, I could see an East-bound Metropolitan line train crossing our tracks to head across to East London.

That’s when it hit me. We were “out of position”. The train was a couple of minutes late, and so the guys running the switching had decided to give priority to the Metropolitan Line train, and we were held for approximately 4-5 minutes.

Whilst this part of the Circle line between Aldgate and Tower Hill was not as busy as the District/Circle line Tower Hill back West, a 4 minute delay was enough to ensure that the train behind us was going to be red signalled waiting for us to clear the platform.

That would be enough for the train behind that to be stopped.

And that would be enough for the train behind that to be stopped, which would probably be on the shared part of the network. That would be enough to cascade across the whole part of that line back to Gloucester Road, causing delays to perhaps 12 trains in total.

By now the numbers per carriage were down a little as we were close to the end of peak, but there was probably at least 1,000 people per train out there. Rounding up for the few more probably still around the Victoria area, and we’re up to 25,000 people.

There’s obviously some fudging here - people boarding trains at the “correct time” for them, did not realise the train they were getting was in fact the one after the one they had expected, and they did not suffer any delay. But I also suspect that this effect wasn’t dampened until after the peak ended at around 9:30am, and there were people who boarded their trains at 8:30am or before still out there (it can take 60 minutes easily to get from the “end” of a line into central London), whose journey had taken at least a few minutes longer than normal.

I doubt many noticed. I doubt anybody cares.

But it did make me think about how queueing theory applies to real world problems, and how when TfL moan about people keeping coats, bags and belongings clear of the doors, or jamming the doors to squeeze on rather than wait 6 more minutes for the next train, that they might have a point.

If you cause a train to be delayed, you are not simply inconveniencing the dozen or so people glaring at you in your vicinity. Or the people on the rest of the train who would glare at you if they could. But in fact, you have a cascade effect down the rest of the network. Tens of thousands of people delayed, because you didn’t want to wait 5 minutes. Or because you didn’t keep an eye on your belongings near the door.

I’ll certainly be more careful in future.

The next time I’m sat waiting for a signal to clear or am told that we are “being regulated”, I’ll wonder about whose bag or foot was to blame, and how the numbers of people flowing through London make butterflies flapping their wings on the network capable of huge cascading effects on transport infrastructure.

Safari 3 beta breaks widgets that use the search history feature of search input field types. I have put together a version of IP Locator with that feature disabled for anyone who wants to continue using it with the broken version of Safari. You can download it here. A bug has been filed with Apple and I suspect this will be a fairly high priority fix considering how many Dashboard widgets are affected.

Just a few days ago we received 65. It turned out that we were the first instructors to receive our music at our club, so Tami put the word out that we're getting to work on our review. Her post had hardly hit our blog when we got several messages back that 65 was old news - not only had other instructors long ago received their music, they'd already launched the release!

To be sure, rollout of a new release must be a huge job - According to LMI these programs now run in more than 10,000 clubs worldwide. Even if you had only one instructor per club that'd be a big undertaking, but of course there's quite a few more than that.

Which begs the question - does this distribution model really make sense anymore? Really, in this age of iTunes and movies over the internet, can we not make use of technology to help get the job done? Obviously having downloadable releases won't work for everyone, but consider this - for those instructors who do have access to a fast connection and know how to download music to an iPod, this might actually work just fine.

Let's suppose that's one instructor per club - 10,000. And just for the sake of round numbers, let's suppose the cost of putting together the physical materials for each release (CD, DVD, plastic case, book, etc.) is US $15, and the cost for packaging all that up and getting it to an instructor's mailbox is another $5 - so (round numbers again) we're at $20. If my numbers are even remotely close, that puts $200,000 per release back on the table if even one instructor at every club would download their release rather than take physical shipment.

Again, the population of instructors that could benefit from electronic release distribution is probably limited. But maybe - just maybe - it's large enough to make it a viable option. Especially if it means we here in little ol' Blacksburg, Virginia aren't the last ones on the planet to get music anymore!

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After a period of focused scientific research, Borderless Renewables is re-emerging with pivotal insights into the policy frameworks essential for advancing decarbonised electrification. The global energy landscape is witnessing a rapid transformation, marked by the economic value of the electricity industry surpassing that of petrochemicals. Market projections from Allied Market Research and Precedence Research reveal [PR.com]

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