Have you had any that are worse?

Trees bursting forth with new leaves signal the arrival of spring. Budburst for most temperate tree species occurs after a tree has been exposed to a sufficient number of chilling and forcing hours over the winter.

Effectively addressing wildfire risk to communities on large multi-owner landscapes requires an understanding of the biophysical factors that influence risk, such as fuel loads, topography, and weather, and social factors such as the capacity and willingness for communities to engage in fire-mitigation activities.

Mount St. Helens' explosive eruption on May 18, 1980, was a pivotal moment in the field of disturbance ecology.

In the Pacific Northwest, native salmon and trout are some of the toughest survivors on the block. Over time, these fish have evolved behavioral adaptations to natural disturbances, and they rely on these disturbances to deliver coarse sediment and wood that become complex stream habitat. Powerful disturbances such as wildfire, postfire landslides, and debris flows may be detrimental to fish populations in the short term, but over time, they enrich instream habitats, enhancing long-term fish survival and productivity.

Wildfires consume existing forest fuels but also leave behind dead shrubs and trees that become fuel to future wildfires. Harvesting firekilled trees is sometimes proposed as an economical approach for reducing future fuels and wildfire severity. Postfire logging, however, is controversial. Some question its fuel reduction benefits and its ecological impacts.

Principal findings of the National Fire and Fire Surrogate (FFS) study are presented in an annotated bibliography and summarized in tabular form by site, discipline (ecosystem component), treatment type, and major theme. Composed of 12 sites, the FFS is a comprehensive multidisciplinary experiment designed to evaluate the costs and ecological consequences of alternative fuel reduction treatments in seasonally dry forests of the United States. The FFS has a common experimental design across the 12-site network, with each site a fully replicated experiment that compares four treatments: prescribed fi re, mechanical treatments, mechanical + prescribed fire, and an unmanipulated control. We measured treatment cost and variables within several components of the ecosystem, including vegetation, the fuel bed, soils, bark beetles, tree diseases, and wildlife in the same 10-ha experimental units. This design allowed us to assemble a fairly comprehensive picture of ecosystem response to treatment at the site scale, and to compare treatment response across a wide variety of conditions.

We used two data sets to evaluate stream and watershed condition for sixth-field watersheds in each aquatic province within the Northwest Forest Plan (NWFP) area: stream data and upslope data. The stream evaluation was based on inchannel data (e.g., substrate, pieces of large wood, water temperature, pool frequency, and macroinvertebrates) we sampled from 2002 to 2009 (193 watersheds) as part of a repeating sample design. We just completed our first round of sampling, so only current condition was calculated for this data set. When condition scores for the inchannel data were grouped into categories, relatively few fell into the low (10 percent) and very low (1 percent) categories. The majority of inchannel attribute scores fell into the moderate (35 percent) and high (41 percent) condition ranges, with relatively few (12 percent) in the very high category. For low-scoring watersheds, water temperature was often the most influential factor. Aquatic invertebrate scores also appeared influential in producing the low scores.

Applying the iframe shim fix to the variable width dropdown/flyout menu system. Using expressions to add the iframe and styling.

A CSS only version of the popular javascript dynamic menu.

A similar menu to the previous image version, but this time using expanding text on mouseover.

Another version of the CSS only fisheye menu, this time with expanding images and associated text.

Adding the use of png images for IE6 and giving a smoother zoom animation

A dropdown menu with top level centered and sub menus dynamic widths to fit the longest text, and all in shades of grey and black.

A revised and simplified 'Slideshow' that now eorks in Safari(PC) and Chrome.

A dropline menu using a totally NEW method that requires NO hacks and works in all browsers. Also allows tabbing.

Using the same NEW method as the previous menu to have the sub line appear above the top level links. This one has simpler styling.

Using Webkit keyframes to produce an auto-run slideshow with pause facility using absolutely NO javascript. For Safari and Chrome at the moment.

Using Microsoft filter to produce a drop shadow for all versions of IE to match the css3 shadows of Firefox etc.

Using Microsoft filter to produce a dropdown menu with drop shadows and gradient fill overlays

Using CSS3 adjacent sibling selector to produce a Click Slideshow.

Using CSS3 to animated a simple set of thumbnail images and their associated large image.

Using CSS3 to produce an animated slideshow run by hovering an icon.

Using CSS3 to produce a Book Shelf menu with animated books.

Using CSS3 to produce a Carousel Slideshow. For Safari, Chrome, Opera and Safari v4 beta ONLY at the moment

Using CSS3 to produce a Carousel Slideshow. Animation for Safari, Chrome, Opera and Safari v4 beta ONLY at the moment. Now with a click action

Using CSS3 to produce a slideshow with a hover/click action and animation.

Using CSS to produce an animated stack of images.

Using CSS3 and the latest discoveries and techniques to update this demonstrations.

Using CSS3 to style text to make it look solid with a realistic shadow and no extra markup.

Using transitions and keyframes with step() to prodcue three auto-run slideshows.

Using CSS3 to rotate a set of thumbnail images and display a large images, all with a cick of a button.

A permanent image slideshow using switchable sets of thumbnail images and large images with captions.

Using CSS to produce an animated stack of images, version 2.

Using my latest techniques to produce and improved show/hide extra information.

Using my latest techniques to produce a stacked slideshow with accessibility.

A CSS ONLY Slide Show with permanent image changes.

A CSS ONLY Rotary Slide Show with permanent image changes.

A CSS ONLY Dragonfly Slide Show with permanent image changes.

The CSS play 'GO Slide' Slide Show with permanent image changes.

A Swipe Left/Right Slide Show with permanent image changes for all PC and Safari Mobile browsers.

A CSS3 Stacking Slideshow with 3D animation for all modern browsers except Opera.

Another method of displaying sets of photographs. Suitable for all modern browsers.

A simple method of displaying sets of photographs. Suitable for all modern browsers.

A conversion of a jQuery/javascript driven slideshow into a CSS only version.

Using minimal jQuery and css3 to create responsive 'swipe' action full screen slideshows.

A second minimal jQuery and css3 responsive 'swipe' action full screen slideshows.

A responsive swipe action inline gallery with swipe action for all modern browsers and OS.

Version 1.1 of my BIG! Slideshow with additional features for all modern browsers.

A CSS only full screen auto run slideshow with zoom effect and captions.