tia Lifestyle May Be Key to Helping You Avoid Dementia By www.medicinenet.com Published On :: Fri, 5 Aug 2022 00:00:00 PDT Title: Lifestyle May Be Key to Helping You Avoid DementiaCategory: Health NewsCreated: 8/4/2022 12:00:00 AMLast Editorial Review: 8/5/2022 12:00:00 AM Full Article
tia Abnormal Upper Heart Chamber May Boost Dementia Risk By www.medicinenet.com Published On :: Wed, 10 Aug 2022 00:00:00 PDT Title: Abnormal Upper Heart Chamber May Boost Dementia RiskCategory: Health NewsCreated: 8/10/2022 12:00:00 AMLast Editorial Review: 8/10/2022 12:00:00 AM Full Article
tia Everyday Activities That Can Cut Your Odds for Dementia By www.medicinenet.com Published On :: Mon, 15 Aug 2022 00:00:00 PDT Title: Everyday Activities That Can Cut Your Odds for DementiaCategory: Health NewsCreated: 8/12/2022 12:00:00 AMLast Editorial Review: 8/15/2022 12:00:00 AM Full Article
tia AHA News: People With Dementia May Be Less Likely to Receive an Advanced Treatment For Stroke By www.medicinenet.com Published On :: Wed, 24 Aug 2022 00:00:00 PDT Title: AHA News: People With Dementia May Be Less Likely to Receive an Advanced Treatment For StrokeCategory: Health NewsCreated: 8/24/2022 12:00:00 AMLast Editorial Review: 8/24/2022 12:00:00 AM Full Article
tia Antibody-mediated protection against respiratory syncytial virus in children By err.ersjournals.com Published On :: 2024-10-09T00:15:15-07:00 Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major global pathogen, causing lower respiratory tract disease in at-risk populations including young children. Antibodies form a crucial layer of protection from RSV disease, particularly in immunologically naïve infants. Such antibodies are derived from the mother via transplacental transfer and breast milk, but may be particularly low in high-risk infants such as those born preterm. Maternally derived antibodies can now be supplemented by the administration of anti-RSV monoclonal antibodies, while a rising wave of maternal and paediatric vaccine strategies are approaching. The implementation of these prophylactics may profoundly decrease the healthcare burden of RSV. In this article, we review the role of antibody-mediated immunity in protecting children from RSV. We focus on maternally derived antibodies as the main source of protection against RSV and study factors that influence the scale of this transfer. The role of passive and active prophylactic approaches in protecting infants against RSV are discussed and knowledge gaps in our understanding of antibody-mediated protection against RSV are identified. Full Article
tia Noninvasive diagnostic modalities and prediction models for detecting pulmonary hypertension associated with interstitial lung disease: a narrative review By err.ersjournals.com Published On :: 2024-10-09T00:15:15-07:00 Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is highly prevalent in patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Widely available noninvasive screening tools are warranted to identify patients at risk for PH, especially severe PH, that could be managed at expert centres. This review summarises current evidence on noninvasive diagnostic modalities and prediction models for the timely detection of PH in patients with ILD. It critically evaluates these approaches and discusses future perspectives in the field. A comprehensive literature search was carried out in PubMed and Scopus, identifying 39 articles that fulfilled inclusion criteria. There is currently no single noninvasive test capable of accurately detecting and diagnosing PH in ILD patients. Estimated right ventricular pressure (RVSP) on Doppler echocardiography remains the single most predictive factor of PH, with other indirect echocardiographic markers increasing its diagnostic accuracy. However, RVSP can be difficult to estimate in patients due to suboptimal views from extensive lung disease. The majority of existing composite scores, including variables obtained from chest computed tomography, pulmonary function tests and cardiopulmonary exercise tests, were derived from retrospective studies, whilst lacking validation in external cohorts. Only two available scores, one based on a stepwise echocardiographic approach and the other on functional parameters, predicted the presence of PH with sufficient accuracy and used a validation cohort. Although several methodological limitations prohibit their generalisability, their use may help physicians to detect PH earlier. Further research on the potential of artificial intelligence may guide a more tailored approach, for timely PH diagnosis. Full Article
tia Potential Drawbacks of Noninvasive Diagnostic Methods for Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease By www.jabfm.org Published On :: 2024-10-25T09:26:14-07:00 The rising obesity epidemic is a phenomenon that has gained increasing attention from health providers and health policy makers. This led to recognition of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (MASLD). The standard for its assessment has been histologic, which is neither practical nor acceptable by patients. Subsequently, a number of noninvasive assessment methods have been developed. However, despite ease of implementation, their confounding variables do hinder their accuracy. Nonetheless, the development of the liver stiffness measurement (LSM) and incorporation of other biological parameters has minimized but not eliminated the need for liver biopsy. Imaging methods are useful in evaluation, estimation, and following the progression of steatosis and fibrosis with particular attention to controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) and MRI–Proton Density Fat Fraction (MRI-PDFF). The choices for the family physician are broad and rely on tests’ availability, cost, and patient acceptance. Great efforts have been undertaken to produce more robust and novel noninvasive markers that indicate fibrinogenesis directly in an implementable and cost-effective way. Full Article
tia How Early Career Family Medicine Women Physicians Negotiate Their First Job After Residency By www.jabfm.org Published On :: 2024-10-25T09:26:14-07:00 Background: Nested within a growing body of evidence of a gender pay gap in medicine are more alarming recent findings from family medicine: a gender pay gap of 16% can be detected at a very early career stage. This article explores qualitative evidence of women’s experiences negotiating for their first job out of residency to ascertain women’s engagement with and approach to the negotiation process. Methods: We recruited family physicians who graduated residency in 2019 and responded to the American Board of Family Medicine 2022 graduate survey. We developed a semistructured interview guide following a modified life history approach to uncover women’s experiences through the transitory stages from residency to workforce. A qualitative researcher used Zoom to interview 19 geographically and racially diverse early career women physicians. Interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed using NVivo software following an Inductive Content Analysis approach. Results: Three main themes emerged from the data. First, salary was found to be nonnegotiable, exemplified by participants’ inability to change initial salary offers. Second, the role of peer support throughout residency and early career was crucial to uncovering and rectifying salary inequity. Third, a pay expectation gap was identified among women from minority and low-income households. Conclusion: To rectify the gender pay gap in medicine, a systems-level approach is required. This can be achieved through various levels of interventions: societally expanding the use of and removing the stigma around parental leave, recognizing the importance of contributions not currently valued by productivity-based payment models, examining assumptions about leadership; and institutionally moving away from fee-for-service systems, encouraging flexible schedules, increasing salary transparency, and improving advancement transparency. Full Article
tia Temperature matters: the potential impact of thermoregulatory mechanisms in brain-body physiology [Special Section: Symposium Outlook] By genesdev.cshlp.org Published On :: 2024-10-16T07:18:56-07:00 Thermoregulation, responsible for maintaining a stable core temperature during wide fluctuations in external and internal thermal environments, is an iconic homeostatic process. However, we suggest that despite its fundamental physiological significance, the potential for required cool housing temperatures and thermoregulatory mechanisms to influence the interpretation of experimental data is not sufficiently appreciated. Moreover, although it is generally assumed that the major thermoregulatory pathways are well understood, here we discuss new research that suggests otherwise and reveals the emergence of a new wave of exciting ideas for this "old" field of research. Full Article
tia Could cough hypersensitivity symptom profile differentiate phenotypes of chronic cough? By beta.openres.ersjournals.com Published On :: 2024-11-11T01:50:25-08:00 Background Recently, cough reflex hypersensitivity has been proposed as a common underlying feature of chronic cough in adults. However, symptoms and clinical characteristics of cough hypersensitivity have not been studied amongst phenotypes of chronic cough. This study aimed to compare symptom features, such as cough triggers and associated throat sensations, of cough hypersensitivity in patients with asthmatic chronic cough and those with refractory chronic cough (RCC). Methods Patients with chronic cough from the Korean Chronic Cough Registry were prospectively evaluated over 6 months. Physicians determined the aetiological diagnosis based on clinical evaluations and responses to treatment at the 6-month follow-up visit. Symptoms of cough hypersensitivity and cough-specific quality of life were assessed using the Cough Hypersensitivity Questionnaire (CHQ) and the Leicester Cough Questionnaire (LCQ), respectively. Results The analysis included 280 patients who completed the follow-up: 79 with asthmatic cough (cough variant asthma or eosinophilic bronchitis) and 201 with RCC. Baseline CHQ scores were similar between the groups (8.3±3.7 in asthmatic cough versus 8.9±3.9 in RCC; p=0.215, adjusted for age, sex and LCQ score). There were no significant between-group differences in the LCQ and cough severity Visual Analog Scale scores. Both groups showed a similar negative correlation with LCQ scores (asthmatic cough: r=–0.427, p<0.001; RCC: r=–0.306, p<0.001). Conclusions The symptoms of cough hypersensitivity may not distinguish between asthmatic cough and RCC. This suggests that chronic cough is the primary diagnosis in both phenotypes. It indicates a shared mechanism in their cough pathogenesis, despite having potentially different treatable traits. Full Article
tia Comparison of the CYP3A Selective Inhibitors CYP3cide, Clobetasol, and Azamulin for Their Potential to Distinguish CYP3A7 Activity in the Presence of CYP3A4/5 [Articles] By dmd.aspetjournals.org Published On :: 2024-10-16T09:02:03-07:00 The CYP3A7 enzyme accounts for ~50% of the total cytochrome P450 (P450) content in fetal and neonatal livers and is the predominant P450 involved in neonatal xenobiotic metabolism. Additionally, it is a key player in healthy birth outcomes through the oxidation of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and DHEA-sulfate. The amount of the other hepatic CYP3A isoforms, CYP3A4 and CYP3A5, expressed in neonates is low but highly variable, and therefore the activity of individual CYP3A isoforms is difficult to differentiate due to their functional similarities. Consequently, a better understanding of the contribution of CYP3A7 to drug metabolism is essential to identify the risk that drugs may pose to neonates and developing infants. To distinguish CYP3A7 activity from CYP3A4/5, we sought to further characterize the selectivity of the specific CYP3A inhibitors CYP3cide, clobetasol, and azamulin. We used three substrate probes, dibenzylfluorescein, luciferin-PPXE, and midazolam, to determine the IC50 and metabolism-dependent inhibition (MDI) properties of the CYP3A inhibitors. Probe selection had a significant effect on the IC50 values and P450 inactivation across all inhibitory compounds and enzymes. CYP3cide and azamulin were both identified as MDIs and were most specific for CYP3A4. Contrary to previous reports, we found that clobetasol propionate (CP) was not an MDI of CYP3A5 but was more selective for CYP3A5 over CYP3A4/7. We further investigated CYP3cide and CP’s ability to differentiate CYP3A7 activity in an equal mixture of recombinant CYP3A4, CYP3A5, and CYP3A7, and our results provide confidence of CYP3cide’s and CP’s ability to distinguish CYP3A7 activity in the presence of the other CYP3A isoforms. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT These findings provide valuable insight regarding in vitro testing conditions to investigate the metabolism of new drug candidates and help determine drug safety in neonates. The results presented here also clearly demonstrate the effect that probe selection may have on CYP3A cytochrome P450 inhibition studies. Full Article
tia Differential Tissue Abundance of Membrane-Bound Drug Metabolizing Enzymes and Transporter Proteins by Global Proteomics [Special Section on New and Emerging Areas and Technologies in Drug Metabolism and Disposition, Part II] By dmd.aspetjournals.org Published On :: 2024-10-16T09:02:03-07:00 Protein abundance data of drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters (DMETs) are useful for scaling in vitro and animal data to humans for accurate prediction and interpretation of drug clearance and toxicity. Targeted DMET proteomics that relies on synthetic stable isotope-labeled surrogate peptides as calibrators is routinely used for the quantification of selected proteins; however, the technique is limited to the quantification of a small number of proteins. Although the global proteomics-based total protein approach (TPA) is emerging as a better alternative for large-scale protein quantification, the conventional TPA does not consider differential sequence coverage by identifying unique peptides across proteins. Here, we optimized the TPA approach by correcting protein abundance data by the sequence coverage, which was applied to quantify 54 DMETs for characterization of 1) differential tissue DMET abundance in the human liver, kidney, and intestine, and 2) interindividual variability of DMET proteins in individual intestinal samples (n = 13). Uridine diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferase 2B7 (UGT2B7), microsomal glutathione S-transferases (MGST1, MGST2, and MGST3) carboxylesterase 2 (CES2), and multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (MRP2) were expressed in all three tissues, whereas, as expected, four cytochrome P450s (CYP3A4, CYP3A5, CYP2C9, and CYP4F2), UGT1A1, UGT2B17, CES1, flavin-containing monooxygenase 5, MRP3, and P-glycoprotein were present in the liver and intestine. The top three DMET proteins in individual tissues were: CES1>CYP2E1>UGT2B7 (liver), CES2>UGT2B17>CYP3A4 (intestine), and MGST1>UGT1A6>MGST2 (kidney). CYP3A4, CYP3A5, UGT2B17, CES2, and MGST2 showed high interindividual variability in the intestine. These data are relevant for enhancing in vitro to in vivo extrapolation of drug absorption and disposition and can be used to enhance the accuracy of physiologically based pharmacokinetic prediction of systemic and tissue concentration of drugs. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT This study quantified the abundance and compositions of drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters in pooled human liver, intestine, and kidney microsomes as well as individual intestinal microsomes using an optimized global proteomics approach. The data revealed large intertissue differences in the abundance of these proteins and high intestinal interindividual variability in the levels of cytochrome P450s (e.g., CYP3A4 and CYP3A5), uridine diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferase 2B17, carboxylesterase 2, and microsomal glutathione S-transferase 2. These data are applicable for the prediction of first-pass metabolism and tissue-specific drug clearance. Full Article
tia Inhibitory Actions of Potentiating Neuroactive Steroids in the Human {alpha}1{beta}3{gamma}2L {gamma}-Aminobutyric Acid Type A Receptor [Article] By molpharm.aspetjournals.org Published On :: 2024-10-17T05:12:59-07:00 The -aminobutyric acid type A (GABAA) receptor is modulated by a number of neuroactive steroids. Sulfated steroids and 3β-hydroxy steroids inhibit, while 3α-hydroxy steroids typically potentiate the receptor. Here, we have investigated inhibition of the α1β32L GABAA receptor by the endogenous neurosteroid 3α-hydroxy-5β-pregnan-20-one (3α5βP) and the synthetic neuroactive steroid 3α-hydroxy-5α-androstane-17β-carbonitrile (ACN). The receptors were expressed in Xenopus oocytes. All experiments were done using two-electrode voltage-clamp electrophysiology. In the presence of low concentrations of GABA, 3α5βP and ACN potentiate the GABAA receptor. To reveal inhibition, we conducted the experiments on receptors activated by the combination of a saturating concentration of GABA and propofol to fully activate the receptors and mask potentiation, or on mutant receptors in which potentiation is ablated. Under these conditions, both steroids inhibited the receptor with IC50s of ~13 μM and maximal inhibitory effects of 70–90%. Receptor inhibition by 3α5βP was sensitive to substitution of the α1 transmembrane domain (TM) 2-2' residue, previously shown to ablate inhibition by pregnenolone sulfate. However, results of coapplication studies and the apparent lack of state dependence suggest that pregnenolone sulfate and 3α5βP inhibit the GABAA receptor independently and through distinct mechanisms. Mutations to the neurosteroid binding sites in the α1 and β3 subunits statistically significantly, albeit weakly and incompletely, reduced inhibition by 3α5βP and ACN. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The heteromeric GABAA receptor is inhibited by sulfated steroids and 3β-hydroxy steroids, while 3α-hydroxy steroids are considered to potentiate the receptor. We show here that 3α-hydroxy steroids have inhibitory effects on the α1β32L receptor, which are observed in specific experimental settings and are expected to manifest under different physiological conditions. Full Article
tia Evaluating the Abuse Potential of Lenabasum, a Selective Cannabinoid Receptor 2 Agonist [Special Section: Cannabinoid Signaling in Human Health and Disease] By jpet.aspetjournals.org Published On :: 2024-10-18T07:04:15-07:00 Endocannabinoids, which are present throughout the central nervous system (CNS), can activate cannabinoid receptors 1 and 2 (CB1 and CB2). CB1 and CB2 agonists exhibit broad anti-inflammatory properties, suggesting their potential to treat inflammatory diseases. However, careful evaluation of abuse potential is necessary. This study evaluated the abuse potential of lenabasum, a selective CB2 receptor agonist in participants (n = 56) endorsing recreational cannabis use. Three doses of lenabasum (20, 60, and 120 mg) were compared with placebo and nabilone (3 and 6 mg). The primary endpoint was the peak effect (Emax) on a bipolar Drug Liking visual analog scale (VAS). Secondary VAS and pharmacokinetic (PK) endpoints and adverse events were assessed. Lenabasum was safe and well tolerated. Compared with placebo, a 20-mg dose of lenabasum did not increase ratings of Drug Liking and had no distinguishable effect on other VAS endpoints. Dose-dependent increases in ratings of Drug Liking were observed with 60 and 120 mg lenabasum. Drug Liking and all other VAS outcomes were greatest for nabilone 3 mg and 6 mg, a medication currently approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). At a target therapeutic dose (20 mg), lenabasum did not elicit subjective ratings of Drug Liking. However, supratherapeutic doses of lenabasum (60 and 120 mg) did elicit subjective ratings of Drug Liking compared with placebo. Although both doses of lenabasum were associated with lower ratings of Drug Liking compared with 3 mg and 6 mg nabilone, lenabasum does have abuse potential and should be used cautiously in clinical settings. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT This work provides evidence that in people with a history of recreational cannabis use, lenabasum was safe and well tolerated, although it did demonstrate abuse potential. This work supports further development of lenabasum for potential therapeutic indications. Full Article
tia The Potential of Cannabichromene (CBC) as a Therapeutic Agent [Special Section: Cannabinoid Signaling in Human Health and Disease-Minireview] By jpet.aspetjournals.org Published On :: 2024-10-18T07:04:15-07:00 There is a growing interest in the use of medicinal plants to treat a variety of diseases, and one of the most commonly used medicinal plants globally is Cannabis sativa. The two most abundant cannabinoids (9-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol) have been governmentally approved to treat selected medical conditions; however, the plant produces over 100 cannabinoids, including cannabichromene (CBC). Although the cannabinoids share a common precursor molecule, cannabigerol, they are structurally and pharmacologically unique. These differences may engender differing therapeutic potentials. In this review, we will examine what is currently known about CBC with regards to pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics, and receptor profile. We will also discuss the therapeutic areas that have been examined for this cannabinoid, notably antinociceptive, antibacterial, and anti-seizure activities. Finally, we will discuss areas where new research is needed and potential novel medicinal applications for CBC. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Cannabichromene (CBC) has been suggested to have disparate therapeutic benefits such as anti-inflammatory, anticonvulsant, antibacterial, and antinociceptive effects. Most of the focus on the medical benefits of cannabinoids has been focused on 9-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol. The preliminary studies on CBC indicate that this phytocannabinoid may have unique therapeutic potential that warrants further investigation. Following easier access to hemp, CBC products are commercially available over-the-counter and are being widely utilized with little or no evidence of their safety or efficacy. Full Article
tia Correlation of FAPI PET Uptake with Immunohistochemistry in Explanted Lungs from Patients with Advanced Interstitial Lung Disease By jnm.snmjournals.org Published On :: 2024-11-01T04:25:31-07:00 Recent studies have demonstrated promising results of fibroblast activation protein (FAP) inhibitor (FAPI) PET in prognosticating and monitoring interstitial lung diseases (ILDs). As a first step toward successful translation, our primary aim was to validate the FAPI PET uptake through immunohistochemistry in patients with advanced ILD who underwent lung transplantation after a FAPI PET scan. Methods: This is a preliminary analysis of a single-center, open-label, single-arm, prospective exploratory biodistribution study of 68Ga-FAPI-46 PET imaging in patients with ILD (NCT05365802). Patients with ILD confirmed by high-resolution CT and scheduled for lung transplant were included. Tissue samples of explanted lungs were obtained from both the central and peripheral lung parenchyma of each lobe. Additional samples were obtained from areas of the lung corresponding to regions of FAPI PET activity. Immunohistochemical staining was performed with an anti-FAP antibody. Percentages of FAP immunohistochemistry-positive area were measured semiautomatically using QuPath software. SUVs in the areas of pathologic samples were measured on FAPI PET/CT by referencing the gross photomap of the explanted lung. A Spearman correlation coefficient test was used to assess the relationship between FAPI PET uptake and FAP immunohistochemical expression in each specimen. Results: Four patients with advanced ILD who underwent FAPI PET/CT before lung transplantation were included. The types of ILD were idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (n = 2), rheumatoid arthritis–associated ILD (n = 1), and nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (n = 1). FAPI uptake was visualized mainly in the fibrotic area on CT. Twenty-nine surgical pathology samples from 3 patients were analyzed. FAP staining was predominantly positive in fibroblastic foci. FAPI PET SUVmax and SUVmean showed a positive correlation with the immunohistochemical FAP expression score (SUVmax: r = 0.57, P = 0.001; SUVmean: r = 0.54, P = 0.002). Conclusion: In this analysis conducted in patients who underwent lung transplantation after a FAPI PET scan, FAPI PET uptake was positively correlated with FAP immunohistochemistry. These findings provide a rationale for further investigation of FAPI PET as a potential imaging biomarker for ILD. Full Article
tia Initial Experience with [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 After Regulatory Approval for Metastatic Castration-Resistant Prostate Cancer: Efficacy, Safety, and Outcome Prediction By jnm.snmjournals.org Published On :: 2024-11-01T04:25:31-07:00 [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for patients with prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)–positive metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC). Since the time of regulatory approval, however, real-world data have been lacking. This study investigated the efficacy, safety, and outcome predictors of [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 at a major U.S. academic center. Methods: Patients with mCRPC who received [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 at the Johns Hopkins Hospital outside clinical trials were screened for inclusion. Patients who underwent [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 and had available outcome data were included in this study. Outcome data included prostate-specific antigen (PSA) response (≥50% decline), PSA progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS). Toxicity data were evaluated according to the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 5.03. The study tested the association of baseline circulating tumor DNA mutational status in homologous recombination repair, PI3K alteration pathway, and aggressive-variant prostate cancer–associated genes with treatment outcome. Baseline PSMA PET/CT images were analyzed using SelectPSMA, an artificial intelligence algorithm, to predict treatment outcome. Associations with the observed treatment outcome were evaluated. Results: All 76 patients with PSMA-positive mCRPC who received [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 met the inclusion criteria. A PSA response was achieved in 30 of 74 (41%) patients. The median PSA PFS was 4.1 mo (95% CI, 2.0–6.2 mo), and the median OS was 13.7 mo (95% CI, 11.3–16.1 mo). Anemia of grade 3 or greater, thrombocytopenia, and neutropenia were observed in 9 (12%), 3 (4%), and 1 (1%), respectively, of 76 patients. Transient xerostomia was observed in 23 (28%) patients. The presence of aggressive-variant prostate cancer–associated genes was associated with a shorter PSA PFS (median, 1.3 vs. 6.3 mo; P = 0.040). No other associations were observed between circulating tumor DNA mutational status and treatment outcomes. Eighteen of 71 (25%) patients classified by SelectPSMA as nonresponders had significantly lower rates of PSA response than patients classified as likely responders (6% vs. 51%; P < 0.001), a shorter PSA PFS (median, 1.3 vs. 6.3 mo; P < 0.001), and a shorter OS (median, 6.3 vs. 14.5 mo; P = 0.046). Conclusion: [177Lu]Lu-PSMA-617 offered in a real-world setting after regulatory approval in the United States demonstrated antitumor activity and a favorable toxicity profile. Artificial-intelligence–based analysis of baseline PSMA PET/CT images may improve patient selection. Validation of these findings on larger cohorts is warranted. Full Article
tia Posttranslational Modifications of {alpha}-Synuclein, Their Therapeutic Potential, and Crosstalk in Health and Neurodegenerative Diseases [Review Article] By pharmrev.aspetjournals.org Published On :: 2024-10-16T07:40:25-07:00 α-Synuclein (α-Syn) aggregation in Lewy bodies and Lewy neurites has emerged as a key pathogenetic feature in Parkinson's disease, dementia with Lewy bodies, and multiple system atrophy. Various factors, including posttranslational modifications (PTMs), can influence the propensity of α-Syn to misfold and aggregate. PTMs are biochemical modifications of a protein that occur during or after translation and are typically mediated by enzymes. PTMs modulate several characteristics of proteins including their structure, activity, localization, and stability. α-Syn undergoes various posttranslational modifications, including phosphorylation, ubiquitination, SUMOylation, acetylation, glycation, O-GlcNAcylation, nitration, oxidation, polyamination, arginylation, and truncation. Different PTMs of a protein can physically interact with one another or work together to influence a particular physiological or pathological feature in a process known as PTMs crosstalk. The development of detection techniques for the cooccurrence of PTMs in recent years has uncovered previously unappreciated mechanisms of their crosstalk. This has led to the emergence of evidence supporting an association between α-Syn PTMs crosstalk and synucleinopathies. In this review, we provide a comprehensive evaluation of α-Syn PTMs, their impact on misfolding and pathogenicity, the pharmacological means of targeting them, and their potential as biomarkers of disease. We also highlight the importance of the crosstalk between these PTMs in α-Syn function and aggregation. Insight into these PTMS and the complexities of their crosstalk can improve our understanding of the pathogenesis of synucleinopathies and identify novel targets of therapeutic potential. Significance Statement α-Synuclein is a key pathogenic protein in Parkinson’s disease and other synucleinopathies, making it a leading therapeutic target for disease modification. Multiple posttranslational modifications occur at various sites in α-Synuclein and alter its biophysical and pathological properties, some interacting with one another to add to the complexity of the pathogenicity of this protein. This review details these modifications, their implications in disease, and potential therapeutic opportunities. Full Article
tia Automated Volumetric Software in Dementia: Help or Hindrance to the Neuroradiologist? [RESEARCH] By www.ajnr.org Published On :: 2024-11-07T15:14:12-08:00 BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Brain atrophy occurs in the late stage of dementia, yet structural MRI is widely used in the work-up. Atrophy patterns can suggest a diagnosis of Alzheimer disease (AD) or frontotemporal dementia (FTD) but are difficult to assess visually. We hypothesized that the availability of a quantitative volumetric brain MRI report would increase neuroradiologists’ accuracy in diagnosing AD, FTD, or healthy controls compared with visual assessment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-two patients with AD, 17 with FTD, and 21 cognitively healthy patients were identified from the electronic health systems record and a behavioral neurology clinic. Four neuroradiologists evaluated T1-weighted anatomic MRI studies with and without a volumetric report. Outcome measures were the proportion of correct diagnoses of neurodegenerative disease versus normal aging ("rough accuracy") and AD versus FTD ("exact accuracy"). Generalized linear mixed models were fit to assess whether the use of a volumetric report was associated with higher accuracy, accounting for random effects of within-rater and within-subject variability. Post hoc within-group analysis was performed with multiple comparisons correction. Residualized volumes were tested for an association with the diagnosis using ANOVA. RESULTS: There was no statistically significant effect of the report on overall correct diagnoses. The proportion of "exact" correct diagnoses was higher with the report versus without the report for AD (0.52 versus 0.38) and FTD (0.49 versus 0.32) and lower for cognitively healthy (0.75 versus 0.89). The proportion of "rough" correct diagnoses of neurodegenerative disease was higher with the report than without the report within the AD group (0.59 versus 0.41), and it was similar within the FTD group (0.66 versus 0.63). Post hoc within-group analysis suggested that the report increased the accuracy in AD (OR = 2.77) and decreased the accuracy in cognitively healthy (OR = 0.25). Residualized hippocampal volumes were smaller in AD (mean difference –1.8; multiple comparisons correction, –2.8 to –0.8; P < .001) and FTD (mean difference –1.2; multiple comparisons correction, –2.2 to –0.1; P = .02) compared with cognitively healthy. CONCLUSIONS: The availability of a brain volumetric report did not improve neuroradiologists’ accuracy over visual assessment in diagnosing AD or FTD in this limited sample. Post hoc analysis suggested that the report may have biased readers incorrectly toward a diagnosis of neurodegeneration in cognitively healthy adults. Full Article
tia Stent Retriever AssIsted Lysis Technique with Tirofiban: A Potential Bailout Alternative to Angioplasty and Stenting [CLINICAL PRACTICE] By www.ajnr.org Published On :: 2024-11-07T15:14:12-08:00 BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Angioplasty and stent placement have been described as a bailout technique in individuals with failed thrombectomy. We aimed to investigate Stent retriever AssIsted Lysis (SAIL) with tirofiban before angioplasty and stent placement. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients from 2 comprehensive stroke centers were reviewed (2020–2023). We included patients with failed thrombectomy and/or underlying intracranial stenosis who received SAIL with tirofiban before the intended angioplasty and stent placement. SAIL consisted of deploying a stent retriever through the occluding lesion to create a bypass channel and infuse 10 mL of tirofiban for 10 minutes either intra-arterially or IV. The stent retriever was re-sheathed before retrieval. The primary end points were successful reperfusion (expanded TICI 2b–3) and symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage. Additional end points included 90-day mRS 0–2 and mortality. RESULTS: After a median of 3 (interquartile range, 2–4) passes, 44 patients received the SAIL bridging protocol with tirofiban, and later they were considered potential candidates for angioplasty and stent placement bailout (43.2%, intra-arterial SAIL). Post-SAIL successful reperfusion was obtained in 79.5%. A notable residual stenosis (>50%) after successful SAIL was observed in 45.7%. No significant differences were detected according to post-SAIL: successful reperfusion (intra-arterial SAIL, 80.0% versus IV-SAIL, 78.9%; P = .932), significant stenosis (33.3% versus 55.0%; P = .203), early symptomatic re-occlusion (0% versus 8.0%; P = .207), or symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage (5.3% versus 8.0%; P = .721). Rescue angioplasty and stent placement were finally performed in 15 (34.1%) patients (intra-arterial SAIL 21.0% versus IV-SAIL 44%; P = .112). At 90 days, mRS 0–2 (intra-arterial SAIL 50.0% versus IV-SAIL 43.5%; P = .086) and mortality (26.3% versus 12.0%; P = .223) were also similar. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with stroke in which angioplasty and stent placement are considered, SAIL with tirofiban, either intra-arterial or IV, seems to safely induce sustained recanalization, offering a potential alternative to definitive angioplasty and stent placement. Full Article
tia The Ealing domestic abuse initiative: a success story By bjgp.org Published On :: 2024-10-31T16:05:26-07:00 Full Article
tia Spatial lung imaging in clinical and translational settings By breathe.ersjournals.com Published On :: 2024-10-01T10:05:24-07:00 For many severe lung diseases, non-invasive biomarkers from imaging could improve early detection of lung injury or disease onset, establish a diagnosis, or help follow-up disease progression and treatment strategies. Imaging of the thorax and lung is challenging due to its size, respiration movement, transferred cardiac pulsation, vast density range and gravitation sensitivity. However, there is extensive ongoing research in this fast-evolving field. Recent improvements in spatial imaging have allowed us to study the three-dimensional structure of the lung, providing both spatial architecture and transcriptomic information at single-cell resolution. This fast progression, however, comes with several challenges, including significant image file storage and network capacity issues, increased costs, data processing and analysis, the role of artificial intelligence and machine learning, and mechanisms to combine several modalities. In this review, we provide an overview of advances and current issues in the field of spatial lung imaging. Full Article
tia Secret Level‘s Creator Hopes Concord Episode Showcases Its Lost Potential By gizmodo.com Published On :: Tue, 12 Nov 2024 20:40:31 +0000 Tim Miller hopes Amazon's anthology series will help viewers appreciate the "blood, sweat, and tears" Firewalk Studios put into the scrapped game. Full Article Television Amazon concord PlayStation Secret Level
tia Nordic-style Open Kindergarten to be trialled in Scotland ahead of potential roll-out By www.heraldscotland.com Published On :: Tue, 12 Nov 2024 00:01:00 +0000 A new Nordic-style Open Kindergarten will be trialled in part of Scotland ahead of a potential roll-out across the country. Full Article
tia RPG Cast – Episode 569: “Mario’s Essential Oils” By rpgamer.com Published On :: Sat, 16 Jan 2021 21:58:04 +0000 Chris launches a new MLM. Alex plays Shooty Souls. And Kelley reveals a new screenshot from her upcoming game. Now if you don't mind, we all have resolutions to go break. The post RPG Cast – Episode 569: “Mario’s Essential Oils” appeared first on RPGamer. Full Article News Podcasts RPG Cast CrossCode Dragon Quest XI S Hyrule Warriors: Age of Calamity Persona 5 Strikers World of Warcraft: Shadowlands
tia Karen Pence to outline goals for art therapy initiative By www.pbs.org Published On :: Wed, 18 Oct 2017 12:33:59 +0000 File photo of Karen Pence (right) by Jonathan Ernst/Reuters WASHINGTON — When Karen Pence found out that an art therapist in hurricane-ravaged Puerto Rico couldn’t afford the clay her clients needed, she sprang into action. A trained watercolor artist and advocate of the little-known mental health profession, Vice President Mike Pence’s wife went to the Virginia art supply store she frequented when they lived in the state during his tenure in Congress, bought 120 pounds of self-drying clay and packed it aboard Air Force Two for their flight down to survey the damage. “She cleaned him out,” the vice president said of the store’s owner. Mrs. Pence made art therapy her cause ever since she first learned about it more than a decade ago. She has visited numerous art therapy programs, both in the U.S. and abroad, and on Wednesday in Florida, nine months into the administration, she planned to formally announce the goals for her art therapy initiative. She wants to help people understand the difference between art therapy and arts and crafts, and to grasp that art therapy is a viable option for treating trauma, injury and other life experiences. She also wants to encourage young people to choose art therapy as a career. “I don’t think that a lot of people understand the difference between therapeutic art and art therapy,” Mrs. Pence, a trained watercolor artist, told The Associated Press in an exclusive interview before the announcement at Florida State University in Tallahassee. The school has an art therapy program she described as “tremendous.” Blabbing to a girlfriend can be therapeutic, she explained, but it is not the same as art therapy, which has three elements: a client, a trained therapist and art. READ MORE: VP Pence’s wife aims to raise awareness about art therapy As passionate as she is about raising art therapy’s profile, other issues help make Karen Pence tick, too. One of them is helping military families, especially spouses. Her only son, Michael, is in the Marines. There’s also her interest in honeybees. Mrs. Pence installed a beehive on the grounds of the U.S. Naval Observatory, where the vice president’s official residence is located, to help call attention to a decline in managed bee colonies that officials say could negatively affect U.S. agricultural production. She had a beehive at the Indiana governor’s residence for the same reason. Now 60 and married to the vice president since 1985, Mrs. Pence has long been viewed as one of her husband’s most trusted political advisers. They are often together on trips, at the White House, or at the observatory, almost always holding hands. Since returning to Washington in January (the family lived in the area when her husband served in Congress), she has accompanied the vice president on goodwill tours of Europe, Asia and Latin America, as well as trips to survey recent hurricane damage in Texas, Puerto Rico and the U.S. Virgin Islands. She tries to visit art therapy programs wherever she goes. Journalists who travel with Pence often keep an eye out for his wife; she often brings them cookies when he ventures back to the press cabin for small talk. READ MORE: Devastated Puerto Rico needs unprecedented aid, says governor She’s even done a little campaigning, urging Virginians to vote next month for Ed Gillespie in what’s viewed as a tight gubernatorial race. “It really makes a difference, I can tell you. Nobody thought that we were going to win,” she said, an apparent reference to the Trump-Pence ticket. The vice president often refers to his wife as the family’s “prayer captain.” She has led congregations in prayer during their hurricane-damage trips. “We’re people of faith so we just try and approach everything with prayer,” Mrs. Pence said from her sunny, second-floor office in the Eisenhower Executive Office Building in the White House complex, where she and her staff enjoy coveted views of the Washington Monument and Jefferson Memorial. Art therapy drawings given as gifts adorn the outer office. She proudly displayed several of her paintings, including of the Capitol dome, the vice president’s residence, a Ball canning jar-turned-flower vase, a cardinal bird and a pink peony. She turns many of her watercolors into prints and boxed notecards that she gifts to art therapists she meets. Except for myriad pets, including two cats, a dog and a rabbit named Marlon Bundo, the Pences are empty nesters. Their son and two adult daughters are off on their own. “I think for us this is a good time in our life for this role because our kids are out of college. They’re living their own lives,” Mrs. Pence said. She’s also launching a blog in conjunction with Wednesday’s announcement to chronicle her visits to art therapy programs. The post Karen Pence to outline goals for art therapy initiative appeared first on PBS NewsHour. Full Article Art therapy karen pence Puerto Rico
tia Ex-DWP insider reveals essential tips for PIP and Attendance Allowance claims By www.express.co.uk Published On :: Tue, 12 Nov 2024 12:34:00 +0000 A DWP employee who has been working in the welfare system for 42 years has shared some key advice for new claims for the likes of PIP and Attendance Allowance Full Article Personal Finance
tia Nova Scotia biologist adapting COVID-19 technology to detect oyster disease By www.cbc.ca Published On :: Tue, 19 Sep 2023 05:00:00 EDT A biologist at Cape Breton University is hoping a piece of technology used to keep people safe in the pandemic can help protect Nova Scotia's oysters against the effects of warming waters. Full Article News/Canada/Nova Scotia
tia 'Free, fair and fast': Officials quietly begin certifying presidential election results By www.washingtontimes.com Published On :: Tue, 12 Nov 2024 15:38:44 -0500 Local officials are beginning to certify the results of this year's presidential election in a process that, so far, has been playing out quietly, in stark contrast to the tumultuous certification period four years ago that followed then-President Donald Trump's loss. Full Article
tia Cristiano Ronaldo penalty rescues mediocre Manchester United in close-fought win over Norwich By www.telegraph.co.uk Published On :: Sat, 11 Dec 2021 20:02:25 GMT Cristiano Ronaldo converts penalty in 75th minute after he is brought down by Max Aarons. Norwich captain Grant Hanley injured in 21st minute after clashing with Ronaldo. De Gea gets his 200th career clean sheet. ]]> Full Article topics:organisations/norwich-city-fc structure:sport structure:football topics:organisations/manchester-united-fc topics:events/premier-league storytype:standard
tia Perseid meteor shower peaks Sunday night, potentially giving stargazers big show By www.foxnews.com Published On :: Sun, 11 Aug 2024 17:10:57 -0400 The annual Perseid meteor shower is set to peak on Sunday night into early Monday morning, giving stargazers the chance to see hundreds of meteors. Full Article f2292f9b-3ab5-59a6-91d5-1aa85abcf80a fnc Fox News fox-news/science/air-and-space/astronomy fox-news/science/air-and-space/nasa fox-news/science/air-and-space fox-news/science/air-and-space/spaceflight fox-news/science article
tia Stadium-sized asteroid deemed 'potentially hazardous' by NASA, is expected to move 'relatively close' to Earth By www.foxnews.com Published On :: Tue, 17 Sep 2024 15:27:04 -0400 A stadium-sized asteroid is passing relatively close to Earth on Tuesday, NASA announced. Its distance from Earth and its massive size makes it a "potentially hazardous object." Full Article 5a8fc74a-2407-585e-90c7-d1d9363b06cd fnc Fox News fox-news/science fox-news/science/air-and-space fox-news/odd-news fox-news/science/air-and-space/nasa fox-news/science article
tia Angela Rippon breaks silence on her late mum's tragic dementia battle By www.express.co.uk Published On :: Wed, 13 Nov 2024 04:00:00 +0000 The broadcaster opened up about how the condition made her late mum, Edna, angry and aggressive. Full Article UK
tia Ancient Coastline Spotted in Martian Utopia Region By www.sci.news Published On :: Thu, 07 Nov 2024 22:30:57 +0000 Sedimentary mineral deposits found on the surface of Mars may have been left by an ancient sea 3.5 billion years ago. The post Ancient Coastline Spotted in Martian Utopia Region appeared first on Sci.News: Breaking Science News. Full Article Planetary Science Space Exploration China Coastline Early Mars Mars Ocean Planet Solar System Tianwen-1 Utopia Planitia Zhurong
tia Microglia: How the brain’s immune cells may be causing dementia By www.newscientist.com Published On :: Tue, 03 Sep 2024 17:00:00 +0100 They fight invaders, clear debris and tend neural connections, but sometimes microglia go rogue. Preventing this malfunction may offer new treatments for brain conditions including Alzheimer's Full Article
tia Next-generation technology is a critical mid-step in dementia care By www.newscientist.com Published On :: Wed, 09 Oct 2024 19:00:00 +0100 New technologies will radically change the experience of living with and caring for someone with Alzheimer's, says Professor Fiona Carragher, chief policy and research officer at Alzheimer's Society, UK Full Article
tia EU Commission assesses progress in potential member states By www.foodsafetynews.com Published On :: Wed, 06 Nov 2024 05:01:00 +0000 The European Commission has revealed the progress of potential European Union countries in areas including food safety. As part of the Enlargement Package, the EU Commission has assessed how prepared Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia, Georgia, Moldova, Ukraine, and Turkey are as they work towards EU... Continue Reading Full Article Food Policy & Law World Albania Bosnia and Herzegovina European Commission Kosovo Montenegro North Macedonia official controls rasff
tia Stephen Harper's name in mix as potential head of AIMCo, sources say By financialpost.com Published On :: Tue, 12 Nov 2024 23:48:18 +0000 Sources say Harper’s name has been in the mix for at least 10 months Full Article Finance Investor News
tia Kamala Harris: What to Know About the Democratic Vice Presidential Candidate By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: Tue, 11 Aug 2020 17:22:49 PDT Read on for everything you should know about the history-making politician. [[ This is a content summary only. Visit my website for full links, other content, and more! ]] Full Article News
tia Top 10 Essential Oil for Hair Growth By www.chartsattack.com Published On :: Tue, 01 Oct 2024 11:30:14 +0000 For centuries essential oils have been used in various ways for therapeutic properties and benefits. Essential oils are concentrated essences obtained from plants through various methods. These methods do not hamper the quality and the properties of the oil. These oils can be used in different ways like topically or in aromatherapy and some of […] The post Top 10 Essential Oil for Hair Growth appeared first on Chart Attack. Full Article Hair essentials oils lemon oil rosemary oil
tia Essential Guide to Choosing the Best Lakeland Dry Ice Supplier for Your Business Needs By www.chartsattack.com Published On :: Mon, 14 Oct 2024 06:41:04 +0000 Dry ice is becoming an essential resource for various industries in Lakeland, Florida. Made from carbon dioxide in its solid form, dry ice sublimates directly into gas without leaving any liquid residue. This characteristic makes it a highly effective cooling solution, ideal for transporting perishable goods, supporting medical needs, and industrial cleaning. With the right […] The post Essential Guide to Choosing the Best Lakeland Dry Ice Supplier for Your Business Needs appeared first on Chart Attack. Full Article blog Blasting Customer Feedback Dry Ice Eco-Friendly Cleaning Solution Event Planning Lakeland
tia Draw Portraits Like a Pro – Essential Tools and Materials for Photo-Realistic Results By www.chartsattack.com Published On :: Fri, 01 Nov 2024 04:22:37 +0000 If you’ve ever tried to make a portrait that looks like the person you’re sketching, you know it’s no walk in the park. Maybe you’ve got the eyes perfectly, but then the mouth looks… well, let’s say “abstract.” So, how do the pros do it? What tools, materials, and techniques help bring out that jaw-dropping […] The post Draw Portraits Like a Pro – Essential Tools and Materials for Photo-Realistic Results appeared first on Chart Attack. Full Article Art Draw Portraits Materials Photo-Realistic Results Tools
tia Republican Senators Hold Leader Candidate Forum Hours Before Consequential Vote By www.breitbart.com Published On :: Wed, 13 Nov 2024 04:23:03 +0000 Republican Senators huddled for over two hours Tuesday night for a family meeting over who will take the reins from Sen. Mitch McConnell (R-KY). The post Republican Senators Hold Leader Candidate Forum Hours Before Consequential Vote appeared first on Breitbart. Full Article Politics John Cornyn John Thune Mike Lee Mitch McConnell Republicans Rick Scott Senate
tia Imtiaz Ali brings the Dehradun Literature Festival 2024 to a close By www.thehindu.com Published On :: Tue, 12 Nov 2024 12:53:42 +0530 The 6th edition of the Dehradun Literature Festival held at Doon International School, Curzon Road, had Imtiaz Ali talking about the raison d’etre behind storytelling Full Article Bengaluru
tia Despite backlash, loot boxes could be essential to gaming’s future By arstechnica.com Published On :: Wed, 02 May 2018 19:04:55 +0000 Analysis sees loot box spending ballooning 62 percent, to $47 billion, by 2022. Full Article Gaming business gaming loot boxes
tia The short and sweet bursts of exercise that could save your brain from dementia... By www.telegraph.co.uk Published On :: 2024-11-13T06:19:38Z The short and sweet bursts of exercise that could save your brain from dementia... (Third column, 17th story, link) Full Article
tia New Telescope Could Potentially Identify Planet X By www.discovermagazine.com Published On :: Wed, 06 Nov 2024 16:00:00 GMT Are there hidden planets in our solar system? New technologies, like the powerful Rubin Observatory, brings us closer to answers. Full Article The Sciences
tia How the Existential Terror of Hurricanes Can Fuel Climate Change Denial By www.discovermagazine.com Published On :: Fri, 08 Nov 2024 17:00:00 GMT Hurricane Milton flooded parts of the Tampa Bay region just days after Hurricane Helene made landfall nearby. Full Article Environment
tia George RR Martin teases potential new Game of Thrones project with Maisie Williams By www.independent.co.uk Published On :: 2024-11-13T05:42:14+00:00 Williams played Arya Stark in Game of Thrones for eight seasons Full Article News TV & Radio Culture
tia National chief says ICC should probe disappearances of children from residential schools By www.cbc.ca Published On :: Tue, 12 Nov 2024 04:00:00 EST The national chief of the Assembly of First Nations says the International Criminal Court should investigate the disappearance of Indigenous children from Canadian residential schools. Full Article News/Politics