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Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems 22nd International Conference, TACAS 2016, Held as Part of the European Joint Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2016, Eindhoven, The Netherlands, April 2-8, 2016, Procee

Location: Electronic Resource- 




eu

ICANN: Keep the Core Neutral, Stupid

ICANN's travelling circus meets in San Juan, Puerto Rico this week. One of the main subjects of discussion has been the introduction of new generic Top-Level Domains (gTLDs), after a GNSO Report proposed 19 "Recommendations" for criteria these new domain strings should meet -- including morality tests and "infringement" oppositions.

I spoke at a workshop on free expression. (another report) It's important to keep ICANN from being a censor, or from straying beyond its narrow technical mandate. The thick process described in the GNSO report would be expensive, open to "hecklers' vetos," and deeply political.

Instead, I recommended that, along the lines of David Isenberg's Stupid Network, ICANN should aim for a "stupid core": approve strings after a minimal test for direct or visual collision. Just as we couldn't predict what applications or content would be successful on the Internet, but benefit from the ease with which innovators can experiment with a wide range, we'll benefit if entrepreneurs can experiment with new TLDs without a lot of central pre-screening. Rather than supporting a race to the bottom to adopt restrictions on the lines of the most restrictive government views of permissible expression (no human rights, sexuality, or "hate"), we must leave it to the governments to apply those restrictions at the edges too, in their own jurisdictions if they insist, but not at the center on all.

Of course I do not support government censorship even at the local level, but between local control, which can itself be a source of experimentation, and central control, which becomes ossified and restrictive at the lowest level, I think local law poses less threat to global free expression. If you agree that ICANN should keep moral judgments out of the DNS root, sign the petition to Keep the Core Neutral.




eu

Europe in 8 bits

Location: Main Media Collection - Video record 42385 DVD




eu

Die Berechnung der Glückseligkeit : Statistik und Politik in Deutschland und Frankreich im späten Ancien Regime

Location: Main Library- HA19.B447 2016




eu

Advanced Patch-Clamp Analysis for Neuroscientists

Location: Electronic Resource- 




eu

Immunotherapy and Biomarkers in Neurodegenerative Disorders

Location: Electronic Resource- 




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Alexandre le Grand à la lumière des manuscrits et des premiers imprimés en Europe (XIIe - XVIe siècle): Matérialité des textes, contextes et paratextes : des lectures originales

Location: Electronic Resource- 




eu

Churches and Social Power in Early Medieval Europe : Integrating Archaeological and Historical Approaches

Location: Electronic Resource- 




eu

Early Medieval Ireland and Europe. Chronology, Contacts, Scholarship: A Festschrift for Dáibhí Ó Cróinín

Location: Electronic Resource- 




eu

Espace sacré, mémoire sacrée. Le culte des évêques dans leurs villes (IVe-XXe siècle): Actes du colloque international de Tours 10-12 juin 2010

Location: Electronic Resource- 




eu

Golden Middle Ages in Europe : New Research into Early-Medieval Communities and Identities

Location: Electronic Resource- 




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New Directions in Early Medieval European Archaeology. Spain and Italy Compared: Essays for Riccardo Francovich

Location: Electronic Resource- 




eu

Nuns’ Literacies in Medieval Europe: The Kansas City Dialogue

Location: Electronic Resource- 




eu

Rituals, Performatives, and Political Order in Northern Europe, c. 650–1350 REMAINDER

Location: Electronic Resource- 




eu

Splendor Reginae. Passions, genre et famille : Mélanges en l'honneur de Régine Le Jan

Location: Electronic Resource- 




eu

Town and Country in Medieval North Western Europe: Dynamic Interactions

Location: Electronic Resource- 




eu

Trajectoires européennes du Secretum secretorum du Pseudo‑Aristote (XIIIe-XVIe siècle) REMAINDER

Location: Electronic Resource- 




eu

Understanding Emotions in Early Europe REMAINDER

Location: Electronic Resource- 




eu

Rational queueing

Location: Engineering Library- T57.9.H37 2016




eu

4 Methods to save Outlook Search Queries for reuse

For my job, I regularly need to do the same or very similar search queries in Outlook.

Some queries are a bit more complex so redoing them each time is a bit cumbersome.

Is there a way to save my Search queries so I can reuse them later rather than needing to redo them each time?




eu

NASA launches its probe to Europa, an icy moon of Jupiter

NASA has just launched a mission to investigate a far-off world that’s full of water. It’s going to Europa, a moon of Jupiter that's made of lots of ice that covers a huge ocean.




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NASA's Europa Clipper has launched — and it's searching for signs of life

NASA's Europa Clipper mission launched Monday, beginning its years-long journey to the distant icy moon it's named after. This mission is designed to tell scientists more about the structure, the interior and the habitability of Europa, one of the four large moons of Jupiter. Host Regina G. Barber talks with astrobiologist and friend of the show Mike Wong about why their mutual love for this fascinating moon and what it means for the search for life outside of Earth. Plus, they talk about other icy moons that may also have the trifecta of ingredients needed to sustain life: liquid water, specific elements and an energy source.

Want to hear more space science? Let your voice be heard by emailing
shortwave@npr.org!

Also, if you liked this episode, check out our
episodes on NASA's future missions to Uranus and our episode on whether Dune could really exist!




eu

Kids ask a NASA scientist about the mission to Jupiter's moon Europa

NASA has just launched a mission to Jupiter's icy moon Europa. A NASA scientist answers kid's questions about the mission and its goals.




eu

Middle Eastern Christians and Europe Historical Legacies and...

Middle Eastern Christians and Europe Historical Legacies and Present Challenges




eu

EU expresses ‘profound concern’ over violence towards Christ...

EU expresses ‘profound concern’ over violence towards Christians



  • European Governments Information

eu

European Parliament resolution on Christians

European Parliament resolution on Christians



  • European Governments Information

eu

Assyria Council of Europe (ACE) Convinces Dutch Parliament t...

Assyria Council of Europe (ACE) Convinces Dutch Parliament to Urge for Protection of Assyrians in Iraq



  • European Governments Information

eu

European Parliamentarian criticizes Turkey on Assyrians

European Parliamentarian criticizes Turkey on Assyrians



  • European Governments Information

eu

WMX Europe in Madrid closes its doors after an inspiring event

Last week WMX Europe, organised by Triangle Management Services, closed its doors after two successful days of idea-sharing and partnerships not to mention all the celebrations at the World Post & Parcel Awards 2024.




eu

Watch as Central California dust storm that caused 20-car pileup whips through Visalia




eu

Appreciating van Leeuwenhoek: The Cloth Merchant Who Discovered Microbes

Appreciating van Leeuwenhoek: The Cloth Merchant Who Discovered Microbes

Imagine trying to cope with a pandemic like COVID-19 in a world where microscopic life was unknown. Prior to the 17th century, people were limited by what they could see with their own two eyes. But then a Dutch cloth merchant changed everything.

His name was Antonie van Leeuwenhoek, and he lived from 1632 to 1723. Although untrained in science, Leeuwenhoek became the greatest lens-maker of his day, discovered microscopic life forms and is known today as the “father of microbiology.”

Visualizing ‘animalcules’ with a ‘small see-er’

Leeuwenhoek opened the door to a vast, previously unseen world. J. Verolje/Wellcome Collection, CC BY

Leeuwenhoek didn’t set out to identify microbes. Instead, he was trying to assess the quality of thread. He developed a method for making lenses by heating thin filaments of glass to make tiny spheres. His lenses were of such high quality he saw things no one else could.

This enabled him to train his microscope – literally, “small see-er” – on a new and largely unexpected realm: objects, including organisms, far too small to be seen by the naked eye. He was the first to visualize red blood cells, blood flow in capillaries and sperm.

Drawings from a Leeuwenhoek letter in 1683 illustrating human mouth bacteria. Huydang2910, CC BY-SA

Leeuwenhoek was also the first human being to see a bacterium – and the importance of this discovery for microbiology and medicine can hardly be overstated. Yet he was reluctant to publish his findings, due to his lack of formal education. Eventually, friends prevailed upon him to do so.

He wrote, “Whenever I found out anything remarkable, I thought it my duty to put down my discovery on paper, so that all ingenious people might be informed thereof.” He was guided by his curiosity and joy in discovery, asserting “I’ve taken no notice of those who have said why take so much trouble and what good is it?”

When he reported visualizing “animalcules” (tiny animals) swimming in a drop of pond water, members of the scientific community questioned his reliability. After his findings were corroborated by reliable religious and scientific authorities, they were published, and in 1680 he was invited to join the Royal Society in London, then the world’s premier scientific body.

Leeuwenhoek was not the world’s only microscopist. In England, his contemporary Robert Hooke coined the term “cell” to describe the basic unit of life and published his “Micrographia,” featuring incredibly detailed images of insects and the like, which became the first scientific best-seller. Hooke, however, did not identify bacteria.

Despite Leuwenhoek’s prowess as a lens-maker, even he could not see viruses. They are about 1/100th the size of bacteria, much too small to be visualized by light microscopes, which because of the physics of light can magnify only thousands of times. Viruses weren’t visualized until 1931 with the invention of electron microscopes, which could magnify by the millions.

An image of the hepatitis virus courtesy of the electron microscope. E.H. Cook, Jr./CDC via Associated Press

A vast, previously unseen world

Leeuwenhoek and his successors opened up, by far, the largest realm of life. For example, all the bacteria on Earth outweigh humans by more than 1,100 times and outnumber us by an unimaginable margin. There is fossil evidence that bacteria were among the first life forms on Earth, dating back over 3 billion years, and today it is thought the planet houses about 5 nonillion (1 followed by 30 zeroes) bacteria.

Some species of bacteria cause diseases, such as cholera, syphilis and strep throat; while others, known as extremophiles, can survive at temperatures beyond the boiling and freezing points of water, from the upper reaches of the atmosphere to the deepest points of the oceans. Also, the number of harmless bacterial cells on and in our bodies likely outnumber the human ones.

Viruses, which include the coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 that causes COVID-19, outnumber bacteria by a factor of 100, meaning there are more of them on Earth than stars in the universe. They, too, are found everywhere, from the upper atmosphere to the ocean depths.

A visualization of the human rhinovirus 14, one of many viruses that cause the common cold. Protein spikes are colored white for clarity. Thomas Splettstoesser, CC BY-SA

Strangely, viruses probably do not qualify as living organisms. They can replicate only by infecting other organisms’ cells, where they hijack cellular systems to make copies of themselves, sometimes causing the death of the infected cell.

It is important to remember that microbes such as bacteria and viruses do far more than cause disease, and many are vital to life. For example, bacteria synthesize vitamin B12, without which most living organisms would not be able to make DNA.

Likewise, viruses cause diseases such as the common cold, influenza and COVID-19, but they also play a vital role in transferring genes between species, which helps to increase genetic diversity and propel evolution. Today researchers use viruses to treat diseases such as cancer.

Scientists’ understanding of microbes has progressed a long way since Leeuwenhoek, including the development of antibiotics against bacteria and vaccines against viruses including SARS-CoV-2.

But it was Leeuwenhoek who first opened people’s eyes to life’s vast microscopic realm, a discovery that continues to transform the world.

By Richard Gunderman, Chancellor's Professor of Medicine, Liberal Arts, and Philanthropy, Indiana University. This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article.

 

sb admin Tue, 04/06/2021 - 10:49
Categories




eu

Outbreak of neurotoxin killing unprecedented number of sea lions along California coast

Unprecedented deaths of sea lions along California's Central Coast




eu

NASA launches Europa Clipper to see if Jupiter's icy moon has ingredients for life

NASA probe launches aboard SpaceX rocket to search for the building blocks of life on Europa, Jupiter's icy ocean moon.




eu

Deal reached in feud between California news outlets and Google: $250 million to support journalism but no new law

Lawmakers agree to shelve the California Journalism Preservation Act, which aimed to revive the struggling news business by forcing Google to pay for news content it distributes.




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Genetically Engineered Parasites Smuggle Therapeutics into the Brain

Scientists modified Toxoplasma gondii to deliver a potential Rett Syndrome therapeutic to the mouse brain. 



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  • News & Opinion

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Smelling Illness: Volatile Organic Compounds as Neurological Disease Biomarkers

Scientists advance Parkinson’s disease biomarker research one sniff at a time.




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A Neural Thermostat Sets the Intensity of Immune Responses

Specialized neurons in the brainstem and vagus nerve provide potential therapeutic targets for treating inflammatory disorders.




eu

'Honey Badger' Tyrann Mathieu leaving a sour taste to some

The Redskins will have a chance to draft LSU corner Tyrann Mathieu. Two years ago, that would have been an exciting possibility. Now? After missing last season because he was kicked off the team, reportedly for multiple positive drug tests? It's far from a no-brainer and, really, it depends on your philosophy.




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Facebook and Instagram to Display Less Personalized Ads in the EU to Appease Regulators

Facebook and Instagram users in the EU users are getting a new option to use these platforms for free with less personalized ads, and Meta is also slashing the price of its ad-free subscription by 40%.

The post Facebook and Instagram to Display Less Personalized Ads in the EU to Appease Regulators appeared first on Thurrott.com.




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Futuro Therapeutic Support Thigh Highs Reinforced Toe.

Futuro medical graduated compression stockings. Firm compression 20-30mmHg (class 2). Improves circulation and reduce discomfort from leg fatigue, ankle swelling and other venous insufficiencies, for post surgical patients. Comfort band. Open Toe or toeless. With manufacturer guarantee. Sizes M,L,XL. See Sizechart. Price: USD41.85




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Futuro Therapeutic Support Knee Highs Open Toe.

Futuro medical kneehigh for both men and women. Improve circulation and reduce discomfort from leg fatigue, ankle swelling and other venous insufficiencies. Firm compression (20-30mmHg) for post surgical patients. Open toe or toeless. Reinforced heel. With manufacturer guarantee. Sizes S,M,L,XL. See Sizechart. Price: USD40.83




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Futuro Therapeutic Support Knee Highs Open Toe/Heel.

Futuro medical kneehigh for both men and women. Improve circulation and reduce discomfort from leg fatigue, ankle swelling and other venous insufficiencies. Firm compression (20-30mmHg) for post surgical patients. Open toe and heel. With manufacturer guarantee. Sizes M,L,XL. See Sizechart. Price: USD25.00




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Albert Andre Therapeutic Stocking Open Toe KK1.

Albert Andre medical graduated compression (bi-elastic) Lycra thigh high stockings with therapeutic massage effect. Stimulate blood circulation and hence avoiding vein dilation, tiredness and 'pins and needles' in the legs. Open toe or toeless. Reinforced heel for longer wear. With heel pockets for comfort. Class 1 compression (20-30mmHg). See Sizechart. Price: USD34.33




eu

Albert Andre Therapeutic Pantyhose KK1.

Albert Andre medical graduated compression (bi-elastic) Lycra pantyhose with therapeutic massage effect. Stimulate blood circulation and hence avoiding vein dilation, tiredness and 'pins and needles' in the legs. Reinforced heel and toe (RHT) for longer wear. With heel pockets for comfort. Class 1 compression (20-30mmHg). See Sizechart. Price: USD37.35




eu

Albert Andre Therapeutic Knee Highs.

Albert Andre medical graduated compression (bi-elastic) Lycra knee highs with therapeutic massage effect. Stimulate blood circulation and hence avoiding vein dilation, tiredness and 'pins and needles' in the legs. Reinforced heel and toe (RHT) for longer wear. With heel pockets for comfort. Class 1 compression (20-30mmHg). See Sizechart. Price: USD24.90




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Albert Andre Therapeutic Stocking w/Band Right Foot KK1.

Albert Andre medical graduated compression (bi-elastic) Lycra stocking with therapeutic massage effect, for right foot. Stimulate blood circulation and hence avoiding vein dilation, tiredness and 'pins and needles' in the legs. Open toe or toeless. Reinforced heel with heel pockets for comfort. Class 1 compression (20-30mmHg). See Sizechart. Price: USD36.22




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Albert Andre Therapeutic Stocking w/Band Left Foot KK1.

Albert Andre medical graduated compression (bi-elastic) Lycra stocking with therapeutic massage effect, for left foot. Stimulate blood circulation and hence avoiding vein dilation, tiredness and 'pins and needles' in the legs. Open toe or toeless. Reinforced heel with heel pockets for comfort. Class 1 compression (20-30mmHg). See Sizechart. Price: USD36.22




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Albert Andre Therapeutic Stockings 140den.

Albert Andre 140 denier medical compression Lycra thigh high stockings with therapeutic massage effect. Helps to tone the legs and reduce fatigue. Sheer stockings with Lycra. Reinforced heel and toe (RHT) for longer wear. With heel pockets for comfort. Suitable for drivers and working activities. Strong compression 14-18mmHg. See Sizechart. Price: USD21.13




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Albert Andre Therapeutic Stocking Open Toe KK1.

Albert Andre medical graduated compression (bi-elastic) Lycra thigh high stockings with therapeutic massage effect. Stimulate blood circulation and hence avoiding vein dilation, tiredness and 'pins and needles' in the legs. Open toe or toeless. Reinforced heel for longer wear. With heel pockets for comfort. Class 1 compression (20-30mmHg). See Sizechart. Price: USD34.63




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Incorporated Google translation in 5 European languages

Besides supporting English, Newlook Marketing has added Google translation in 5 European languages: French, German, Italian, Portuguese and Spanish. To translate to any of these language, click on the link found at the footer of every webpage.