The invention relates to a liquid supply system wherein liquid, such as for example, a supply of warm water, circulates. Said system consists of thick outer tubes, the inner chamber of said thick outer tubes allowing a liquid to flow through, a thin inner tube is respectively placed inside the outer tube in which the liquid can flow in the direction counter to that in the inner chamber. In the path of at least one outer tube, a first tube branch is introduced enabling the first inner tube to be withdrawn, and in said first branch, at least one functional component, such as a shut-off valve, is introduced into the inner tube and guided to a second tube branch in the path of an outer tube and extends further through said tube branch and then into the inner chamber of the latter outer tube.

A method for calibrating a moving object impact detector is disclosed. A controller may receive input indicative of movement of an impact element from a first position to a second position. The controller may also receive an activation signal corresponding to the movement of the impact element. The controller may further receive input indicative of instructions to correlate the activation signal with the movement of the impact element. The controller may selectively set the activation signal as a reference signal for the detector, with the reference signal being indicative of an impact the moving object impact detector is set to detect.

A sequential monitoring system is for an interlocking logic system and a track circuit system including a plurality of track circuits. The sequential monitoring system includes an interface between the interlocking logic system and the track circuit system; and a processor structured to monitor a state of each of the track circuits, validate a sequence of state changes of the track circuits, and interrupt and correct invalid track circuit state indications between the track circuit system and the interlocking logic system. The interface normally passes inputs from the track circuit system to outputs to the interlocking logic system. When an out of sequence event occurs, the processor applies a quarantine to a minimum of three of the track circuits in a quarantined area, thereby inhibiting use of an unoccupied track circuit in the quarantined area.

A mold structure, a patterning method thereof and a method of fabricating an LCD device using the same are disclosed, which can realize a conformal contact by applying a voltage between a mold structure and a material layer being opposite to each other in an In-Plane Printing process, so as to prevent defective patterns, wherein the mold structure comprises a mold whose surface is provided with patterns; a backplane for supporting the mold; and a conductive film formed between the backplane and the mold.

A curved surface forming device for an adjustable segmented mold board with square rams, consisting of an upper group and a lower group of adjustable molds (4) whose height can be adjusted, and a loading mechanism. The adjustable molds (4) are arranged in the loading mechanism and at least one group of adjustable molds (4) can move up and down under the drive of the loading mechanism. The upper group and the lower group of the adjustable molds (4) are respectively provided with M×N and (M−1)×(N−1) square rams (1) capable of swinging. The upper and the lower square rams (1) are arranged in an interlaced manner in both transverse and longitudinal directions. The square rams (1) are composed of a square plate (a) and the sphere (b) with the pressure imposition surface being a plane or a curved surface. The curved surface forming device can eliminate the crumpling and deformation generated in the board punching, reduce dents and improve processing quality.

A face-driver assembly and method for accurate coupling of a face driver with the spindle of a rotary-drive machining device. The assembly includes a face driver, a hub on the spindle defining a prealignment bore, a pair of self-centering coacting tooth sets on the hub and face driver, an engagement post extending into the hub and forming a prealignment shaft closely complementary to the prealignment bore, and a releasable coupling to hold and draw the engagement post rearwardly and thereby join the tooth sets in a manner facilitating final accurate centering.

A liquid-filled light emitting diode (LED) bulb including a base, a shell connected to the base forming an enclosed volume, a thermally conductive liquid held within the enclosed volume, a support structure connected to the base, and several LEDs attached to the support structure. The thermally conductive liquid has an oxygen content of at least 5 cubic centimeters of oxygen per liter of the thermally conductive fluid.

The present disclosure is directed to a liquid control mobility receptacle for storage, filtration, distribution, and transportation of liquids. The liquid control mobility receptacle has a main body that encloses a front security enclosure, a pump enclosure, and a main enclosure for storage of liquids. The main enclosure is disposed between the pump enclosure and the front security enclosure. An internal power source is enclosed within the front security enclosure and is electrically coupled to a pump, which is enclosed in pump enclosure. A fill line is provided to pump liquid from a liquid source into the main enclosure. A recirculation line is provided to recirculate fluid in within the main enclosure. A supply line is provided for pumping fluid out of the main enclosure. In some examples, the liquid control mobility receptacle has an internal power source that is a diesel engine, and the security enclosure further houses a fuel enclosure that is fluidly coupled to the diesel engine. In some further examples, the liquid control mobility receptacle has an internal power source that is a solar power generator, and a top wall of the security enclosure further includes a plurality of solar panels that are electrically coupled to the solar power generator.

A mounting member fitted and mounted on an open head portion of an aerosol container 11 having an inner diameter of 1 inch is formed with two valve housing mounting portions. The mounting member is fitted and mounted with the middle portion of this mounting member being located at a bead 12 of the opening head portion of the aerosol container 11 in such a manner that the upper portions of aerosol valves project upwardly from the opening head portion. A cover 19 covering the outside of the mounting member is crimped to the outside of the bead 12 in a manner to hold down a stem gasket and two aerosol valves are provided in the inch can 11. A reinforcing cover member which holds down the stem gasket and prevents deformation of the cover is provided between the mounting member and the cover 19 to thereby accurately prevent deformation due to internal pressure applied to a top ceiling of the cover and leakage from the stem gasket. An aerosol device for dispensing plural kinds of liquids in which two aerosol valves for dispensing and injecting contents liquids are disposed in a standard aerosol container with a bead having an inner diameter of 1 inch can thereby be provided.

The invention relates to a device for dispensing a liquid gas formulation in a metered manner, wherein the device is particularly suited for use as an injection system in nail driving devices and comprises a pressure-stable container having a flanged rim, to which a valve cover containing a dispensing valve is tightly fastened. The container is equipped with two separated chambers, one of which receives the liquid gas formulation and communicates with the dispensing valve and the other of which contains a driving medium under over-pressure. A piston, which can be moved in a sealing manner and which divides the container into the two chambers, is provided in the container. The driving medium is compressed air in combination with a small amount of liquid gas formulation. The flanged rim of the container is designed as an inner flanging. The piston is equipped with a one-way valve arrangement, which allows liquid gas formulation to overflow from the chamber containing the liquid gas formulation into the chamber containing the driving medium. The dispensing device is particularly inexpensive to design and can be cheaply produced and filled in a very simple manner.

Disclosed is a constant quantity control nebulization device including a main body, a nebulization module, a fixing plate and a rotary ring, and the device is installed to a container that contains a liquid to be nebulized. A first liquid storage space with a predetermined volume is defined at the top of the main body, and the nebulization module is installed in the main body and interconnected to the first liquid storage space, and the fixing plate is fixed onto the main body and has a first through hole, the rotary ring is sheathed on the top of the main body and axially coupled to the fixing plate, and the rotary ring has a second through hole corresponding to the first through hole. The consumption of the liquid to be nebulized can be controlled by rotating the rotary ring to improve the convenience of operation significantly.

A method and system for handling viscous liquid crude hydrocarbons is disclosed. The method involves (a) solvent deasphalting at least a portion of an asphaltene-containing liquid crude hydrocarbon feedstock to form an asphaltene fraction and a deasphalted oil (DAO) fraction essentially free of asphaltenes; (b) adjusting the density of the asphaltene fraction to substantially the same density of a carrier for the asphaltene fraction; (c) forming coated asphaltene particles from the asphaltene fraction of step (b); (d) slurrying the coated asphaltene particles with the carrier; and (e) transporting the slurry to a treatment facility or a transportation carrier.

An apparatus that supplies washer liquid of a vehicle, in which a washer liquid hose is inserted into a lower end of a pivot shaft by applying a check valve to the lower end of the pivot shaft. In addition, the washer liquid hose is inserted into the pivot shaft and a pipe, to secure a hose route during wiper operation.

A liquid deflection device for the nozzle of an existing spray head wherein the device is rotatably mounted on the nozzle. The device has an attaching end which clips to an existing nozzle. The attaching end is opposite a handle end which a user grasps to rotate the device to block a portion of liquid being released from the exit port of a nozzle. A deflecting end extends beyond the top of the nozzle and has a shape and size sufficient enough to deflect liquid released from the exit port. A securing portion has an opening great enough in diameter to allow a fastener of sufficient size to secure the nozzle. An additional opening on the securing portion allows a user access to a set screw on the nozzle.

A speaker diaphragm of the present invention is formed by mixing polylactic acid as a plant-derived resin, bamboo fibers and a natural binder. It is thereby possible to realize a speaker diaphragm capable of obtaining sufficient sound velocity, while having low environmental load and high sound quality.

A seismic source array includes a first source and a second source. The first source has a first spectral output and the second source has a second spectral output different than the first spectral output. The first source has a first total volume different than a second total volume of the second source.

A muffler is capable of stably supporting the catalytic converter in a muffler box with a pair of partitions. The muffler box includes first and second box halves joined together with open surfaces thereof abutting each other, and first and second partition plates interposed between the first and second box halves and overlapping each other to separate inside of the muffler box into first and second silencing chambers and define a third silencing chamber between the first and second partition plates, one end opening of a cylindrical holding tube housing and holding the catalytic converter is connected to the exhaust inlet pipe, the pair of partition plates support the holding tube in such a way as to wrap an outer peripheral surface thereof, and another end opening of the holding tube is communicated with the exhaust outlet pipe through the first, second, and third silencing chambers in this order.

Systems and methods for optimizing low frequency output of marine sources are described. The marine source arrangements and associated methods disclosed herein seek to fully frequency lock bubbles emitted by airguns in close proximity to one another. In this manner, larger effective bubble volumes can be achieved, thus increasing low frequency output.

A hybrid silencer in a fuel cell system includes an expansion chamber connected to a predetermined apparatus of the fuel cell system, where the expansion chamber reduces acoustic noise of a fluid discharged from the predetermined apparatus, a water-absorber disposed inside the expansion chamber, where the water-absorber absorbs a liquid component of a fluid which flows into the expansion chamber; and a perforated silencer which discharges the fluid from which the liquid component is removed by the water-absorber while reducing acoustic noise of the fluid discharged therefrom.

A horse lead clip assembly for connection between horse tack that includes an upper clasp section with a hook and bolt closure and a lower quick detachable end that allows for the replacement of a broken clip with a new clip portion when excess stress is placed upon the hook of the clasping section. The assembly further includes a sleeve that when actuated laterally, allows for the introduction or removal of a new clasp section from the receiving end of the detachable portion. The assembly provides easy replacement of a broken clip, prevents the user from discarding the rope due to the broken clip, and allows a user to leave the clip hooked on one object while detaching it from the other.

A teat cup has a nozzle in a head portion of a flexible liner of the teat cup for delivering fluid internally of the teat cup. The nozzle is directed so as to discharge fluid towards the discharge end of the teat cup. When milking is terminated, treatment fluid is injected through the nozzle into the head portion of the liner just prior to and/or as the teat cup is being withdrawn from the teat and, the teat cup wipes the fluid down the teat so as substantially to coat the teat. When the teat cup falls into an inverted rest position, after take-off, the interior of the liner may be flushed and dried with disinfectant, water and compressed air discharged upwardly into the liner by the nozzle. The discharge end of the teat cup may be fitted with a shut-off valve which can be actuated to prevent ingress of treatment and cleansing fluids into the milk tubes during the treatment and cleansing cycle.

A method for enhancing the production of aquatic organisms under cultivation, including the steps of exposing the aquatic organisms to a submerged illumination source inside water of a rearing unit; and maintaining illumination in the rearing unit for a rearing period.

A Vertically Integrated Aquaculture System for producing high quality consumer seafood products at a significantly reduced cost. The Vertically Integrated Aquaculture System includes at least one aquaculture grow-out module for containing an aquaculture species, a feed handling system for distributing feed to the aquaculture species located in the aquaculture grow-out module(s), an aquaculture species moving system for routing the aquaculture species at least out of the aquaculture grow-out module(s), and a processing system for processing the aquaculture species after harvesting from the aquaculture grow-out module(s).

The present invention relates to an aquarium cleaning apparatus, systems and methods for removing debris from the aquarium, and in particular, a self-contained cleaning apparatus that utilizes a siphon effect created by pouring water in an aquarium tank and/or pulling water out of an aquarium tank, such as via a vacuum. In a preferred embodiment, the siphon operation occurs because of the difference between the water level of the aquarium tank and the vertical height of a spout attached to the top of a vertical tube. Therefore, it is not necessary for the user to immerse their hands in the aquarium water to operate the cleaning device.

An elongate rectangular cultivation box having an open top, is configured so as to allow an outer tank, which serves as a cultivating water storage part, and an inner tank, which serves as a receptacle for bivalves (benthic organisms) S that are to be cultivated, to be both combined and separated. A gap that serves as a water supply opening and a gap that serves as a space in which sediments can accumulate on the bottom of the outer tank are defined when the inner tank is accommodated in the outer tank. Water passage holes are provided in the bottom of the shellfish receptacle (inner tank) and a mesh filter such as netting is stretched across the top face of the bottom. The cultivation boxes are arranged in a vertically stacked manner, with the front portions and rear portions thereof staggered so that cultivation water W that overflows over a front ledge of a shellfish receptacle flows downward into the supply water storage part of a lower cultivation box.

A liquid hummingbird feeder is provided with a liquid container having a sealable top opening and a bottom opening, a liquid tray adapted to immerse the bottom opening in liquid, and a valve mechanism adapted to close the bottom opening to enable the liquid container to be filled through the sealable top opening.

The “Microcosm Terrestrial and Aquatic Landscape Habitat” is a Main Basin Pond 4 surrounded on three sides by artificial rock, “Miniature Mountains” 3 a, 3 b, 3 c or Natural Looking Imitation Rocks. The fourth, front side has no “Miniature Mountains” or Natural Looking Imitation Rocks to enclose the Main Basin Pond. Instead, here I adhere on a Pane of Glass 2 a to the imitation rock surface using Silicon Sealant 2 b or other sealants 2 c: A pond-aquarium hybrid! The “Miniature Mountains” are higher than the water level in the Main Basin Pond. On the top or sides of the “Miniature Mountains” is an Upper Pool 5. Water in the Main Basin Pond is circulated up to the Upper Pool using a Submersible; Electric, Aquatic, Pump 8. From the Upper Pool, the Water then flows down a Water Course to the Waterfalls and back to the Main Basin Pond to oxygenate the water.

A mammalian quadruped walking system for providing visibility in dimly lit conditions features a body harness having a first side top shoulder strap, a second side top shoulder strap, a bottom strap, an upper body strap, a lower body strap, and a breast shield. The breast shield features a powerful bicycle's strength planar reflector that is only red or blue. The system features a harness extension having an extension first end located at an intersection of a first side top shoulder strap second end, a second side top shoulder strap second end and an upper body strap midpoint. A powerful bicycle's strength spherical red bead reflector is located adjacent to a spherical blue bead reflector close to a harness extension second end. The system features an external light source emitting light in a horizontal beam between 22 inches and 54 inches from a ground surface.

A method for disposing electrical and electronic equipment comprising plastic and metal components, the method comprising: melt processing the equipment and/or comminuted parts thereof to form a melt processed product; transferring the melt processed product into a vessel and heating the product using far infrared radiation such that it liberates volatile hydrocarbons and leaves behind non-volatile residue comprising metal; and collecting one or both of the volatile hydrocarbons and the non-volatile residue for subsequent use.

A process and a unit for fluidized bed torrefaction and grinding of particles of a biomass with a largest dimension of 2 cm to 5 cm, and which unit contains an envelope having a general shape of a sector having a) two substantially vertical walls delimiting that sector; and b) at least one inclined wall defining three zones, from bottom to top: a lower zone provided with a fluidization means, and provided with a grinder placed at the bottom of that zone; an intermediate zone (2) provided with a fluidization means; and an upper zone (3) provided with a fluidization means; and a pipe (11) for introducing the particles reaching into the unit to the level of the intermediate zone.

The disclosure encompasses in-line reactive condensation processes via vapor phase esterification of bio-oil to decease reactive species concentration and water content in the oily phase of a two-phase oil, thereby increasing storage stability and heating value. Esterification of the bio-oil vapor occurs via the vapor phase contact and subsequent reaction of organic acids with ethanol during condensation results in the production of water and esters. The pyrolysis oil product can have an increased ester content and an increased stability when compared to a condensed pyrolysis oil product not treated with an atomized alcohol.

A process for quenching, separating and collecting targeted components of a hot pyrolysis product stream from the pyrolysis of biomass is provided. The process utilizes sequential steps of rapid quenching and electrostatic precipitation comprising injecting a coolant comprising at least one of nitrogen, a noble gas and mixtures thereof into a hot pyrolysis vapor to selectively condense a first fraction of components from the hot pyrolysis vapor at a first predetermined temperature which is then collected by electrostatic precipitation in a first electrostatic precipitator at about the first predetermined temperature, where a wall temperature of the first electrostatic precipitator is maintained slightly higher than the first predetermined temperature. The sequential steps of coolant injection and collection are repeated at progressively cooler temperatures in order to selectively collect one or more fractions of the hot mixture.

An equalizer circuit includes an phase-to-phase connectors including an phase-to-phase capacitor and four phase-to-phase switches, four output buffers, and control signal generation circuitry. One terminal of each phase-to-phase switches is connected to one of four connection paths on which four conversion signals being different in phase by 90° are input. The other one terminal of each phase-to-phase switches is connected to the phase-to-phase capacitor. Each output buffer is connected to one of the four connection paths and outputs an output signal. The control signal generation circuitry outputs control signals to control turning-on/off of the respective four phase-to-phase switches. A closing of the first, second, third, and fourth phase-to-phase switches are started from any one of phase-to-phase switches in one of a first ascending circulation and a first descending circulation based on the 4-phase control signals.

The disclosure provides a frequency synthesizer. It includes a PFD that generates an up signal and a down signal in response to a reference signal and a feedback signal. A charge pump generates a control voltage in response to the up signal and the down signal. A low pass filter generates a filtered voltage in response to the control voltage. An oscillator circuit generates an output signal in response to the filtered voltage. A feedback divider is coupled between the oscillator circuit and the PFD, and divides the output signal by a first integer divider to generate the feedback signal. A sigma delta modulator (SDM) generates a second integer divider in response to the feedback signal, the reference signal, the output signal and the first integer divider. A digital filter is coupled between the SDM and the feedback divider, and filters quantization noise associated with the SDM.

A method for processing a signal modulated with a variable carrier frequency includes calculating a coefficient for demodulation of the signal. The method also includes demodulating the signal by calculating discrete intermediate values utilizing the coefficient for a predefined maximum number of steps and calculating the signal with the aid of the intermediate values of the coefficient. The value of the coefficient is respectively calculated on the basis of carrier frequencies for each step.

Provided are a preamble symbol generation method and receiving method, and a relevant frequency-domain symbol generation method and a relevant device, characterized in that the method comprises: generating a prefix according to a partial time-domain main body signal truncated from a time-domain main body signal; generating the hyper prefix according to the entirety or a portion of the partial time-domain main body signal; and generating time-domain symbol based on at least one of the cyclic prefix, the time-domain main body signal and the hyper prefix, the preamble symbol containing at least one of the time-domain symbols. Therefore, using the entirety or a portion of a certain length of a time-domain main body signal as a prefix, it is possible to implement coherent detection, which solves the issues of performance degradation with non-coherent detection and differential decoding failure under complex frequency selective fading channels; and generating a hyper prefix based on the entirety or a portion of the above truncated time-domain main body signal enables the generated preamble symbol to have sound fractional frequency offset estimation performance and timing synchronization performance.

A Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) device, having a demodulator configured to translate in-phase and quadrature components of a received BLE signal into a differential phase signal; an estimator configured to estimate a frequency offset of the differential phase signal; and a detector configured to detect information in the differential phase signal corrected by the estimated frequency offset.

It is proposed a method for delay spread classification of an orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing signal (multiplexing signal), and a receiving device and a telecommunication device connected thereto, the multiplexing signal comprising at least a first multiplexing symbol comprising at least two first reference symbols in the frequency domain, the method comprising: receiving at least the first multiplexing symbol; demodulating at least the first reference symbols of the first multiplexing symbol; determining at least a first autocorrelation value by autocorrelating the demodulated first reference symbols in the frequency domain; computing the filtered output energy of the autocorrelation and classifying the delay spread by mapping the ratio of the output energy for the filters.

A device set in a multimedia cable network includes a first modem including a first module to receive a beacon. The first modem has a first frequency and the beacon has a second frequency. When the first frequency of the first modem is not available, the first modem checks whether the second frequency is available in the multimedia cable network.

A liquid pump has a housing with a suction connection, a pressure connection and a electric motor for rotationally driving a conveying device that has a suction inlet and pressure outlet which communicate with the suction connection and the pressure connection respectively. An electronic power unit for the electric motor is adjacent to the motor and extends transversely to the axis of rotation and is on the rear side of the partition wall of the housing. The suction inlet is arranged at a height smaller than an inner radius of an annular gap between the stator and rotor, whereas a rotor passage extends at a constant height, so that a liquid inducted by way of the suction connection is guided in part via the annular gap and undergoes a deflection at the partition wall, cooling the latter before it passes through the rotor passage to the suction inlet.

A liquid-metering device comprising a droplet generator including a reservoir and, connected to the latter, a displacement space which is modifiable by an electromechanical transducer and which has an outlet opening and, upon excitation of the transducer, shoots a liquid droplet from a cold area into a heatable area through or counter to a gas stream generated by a gas source. To make the device suitable for automatic and quasi-continuous liquid metering in process analysis, a heatable evaporation chamber is provided through which the liquid to be metered flows via valves, and, between the evaporation chamber and the reservoir, a condensate chamber is connected via further valves. The condensate chamber and the reservoir are connected via additional valves and a pressure regulator to the gas source.

A system and method of reducing the net carbon dioxide footprint of an industrial process that generates power from the combustion of hydrocarbon fuels in which ambient air is admixed with up to 50% by volume of an effluent gas from the power generator of the industrial process, in order to substantially increase the CO2 concentration in the air prior to treatment. The treatment comprises adsorbing CO2 from the admixed ambient air utilizing a cooled, porous substrate-supported amine adsorbent, wherein the porous substrate initially contacts the mixed ambient air containing condensed water in its pores, which act as an intrinsic coolant with respect to the exothermic heat generated by the adsorption process. In addition, prior to regenerating the supported adsorbent, air pressure is substantially reduced in the sealed regeneration chamber and the low pressure chamber is placed in fluid connection with a higher pressure regeneration chamber containing steam and carbon dioxide, to preheat the sorbent to be regenerated and to quickly cool the regenerated sorbent prior to use for further CO2 adsorption.

A method and assembly for separating contaminants from liquids, such as condensates, or vapors at an evaporation plant. The contaminants are separated from liquids by stripping when bringing a contaminant-enriched liquid into direct contact with a vapor by spraying or distributing the liquid into the vapor flowing in a vapor duct or onto wall surfaces in the vapor duct thus reducing the contaminant-content of the sprayed liquid and producing a cleaner liquid. The contaminants are enriched in the vapor. From vapors contaminants are separated by absorption when bringing a contaminant-enriched vapor into direct contact with a cleaner liquid by spraying or distributing the liquid into the vapor flowing in a vapor duct or onto wall surfaces in the vapor duct thus increasing the contaminant-content of the liquid, but producing a cleaned vapor.

The present invention relates to a process for the production of a surface-treated calcium carbonate, the use of this surface-treated calcium carbonate in a process for the control of organic material in an aqueous medium, as well as to a composite of surface-treated calcium carbonate and organic material, such as a composite of surface-treated calcium carbonate and to the use of such a composite.

A process is disclosed for converting biomass to fuels and/or valuable chemicals. The process comprises the steps of a) activating biomass to make it more susceptible to conversion; c) partially converting the biomass to a solubilized material; and d) subjecting the unconverted biomass to a second conversion step. The process optionally comprises a step b) of adding a solvent to the activated biomass. In a preferred embodiment the solubilized biomass obtained in step c) is removed before the unconverted biomass is subjected to step d).

A web product having at least two plies is disclosed. One of the at least two plies has a continuous pillow area disposed upon a surface thereof. A first portion of the continuous pillow area has a first width, W1, and a length, L1, and a second portion of the continuous pillow area in contacting engagement and in fluid communication with the first portion has a second width, W2, and a length, L2, wherein, W1≠W2 and L1=L2. The web product has a Basis Weight, BW, value greater than 51.6 gsm and a Dry Bulk, DB, value greater than 15.5 cc/g.

The present invention relates to a process for the production of a surface-treated calcium carbonate, the use of this surface-treated calcium carbonate in a process for the control of organic material in an aqueous medium, as well as to a composite of surface-treated calcium carbonate and organic material, such as a composite of surface-treated calcium carbonate and to the use of such a composite.

The present invention relates to a process for the production of a surface-treated calcium carbonate, the use of this surface-treated calcium carbonate in a process for the control of organic material in an aqueous medium, as well as to a composite of surface-treated calcium carbonate and organic material, such as a composite of surface-treated calcium carbonate and to the use of such a composite.

A method for mixing a chemical into a process liquid including: injecting the chemical into the process liquid flowing through a flow pipe; forming reaction products by a reaction involving the chemical occurring in the process flow; applying an electric field or magnetic field to a region of the flow pipe adjacent to the reaction occurring in the process flow, and suppressing the precipitation of the chemical or the reaction products on the surfaces of the pipe due to the electric or magnetic field.

A web product having a machine direction and a cross-machine direction orthogonal thereto is disclosed. The web product has at least one ply having a first plurality of pillow regions having a first total area in the machine and cross-machine directions and a second plurality of pillow regions having a second total area in the machine and cross-machine directions where the first and second total areas have a different value. The web product has a Dry Bulk, DB, value greater than 15.5 cc/g and a Total Tensile Strength, TT, value greater than 2000 g/25.4 mm.