survival For American orchestras, survival lessons from the woman who rescued the L.A. Phil By www.latimes.com Published On :: Wed, 29 Apr 2020 08:00:08 -0400 Deborah Borda, now head of the New York Philharmonic, talks leadership in the coronavirus crisis. Her strategy: Invest in a future that people want. Full Article
survival Historic Troubadour nightclub launches GoFundMe page, calls survival 'a big if' By www.latimes.com Published On :: Tue, 5 May 2020 11:51:33 -0400 The general manager of the Troubadour, which famously launched Elton John's career, says 'to survive, we're going to need all the help we can get.' Full Article
survival He endured 20 surgeries after the Charlie Hebdo shooting — and is still trying to reckon with his survival By www.washingtonpost.com Published On :: Fri, 31 Jan 2020 18:25:10 +0000 “I can’t go back,” says Philippe Lançon, who wrote a memoir about his recovery from the massacre. Full Article
survival Jordan: Regime Survival and Politics Beyond the State By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: Tue, 26 Jun 2018 00:00:00 +0100 Full Article
survival Lipid rafts as signaling hubs in cancer cell survival/death and invasion: implications in tumor progression and therapy [Thematic Reviews] By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: 2020-05-01T00:05:27-07:00 Cholesterol/sphingolipid-rich membrane domains, known as lipid rafts or membrane rafts, play a critical role in the compartmentalization of signaling pathways. Physical segregation of proteins in lipid rafts may modulate the accessibility of proteins to regulatory or effector molecules. Thus, lipid rafts serve as sorting platforms and hubs for signal transduction proteins. Cancer cells contain higher levels of intracellular cholesterol and lipid rafts than their normal non-tumorigenic counterparts. Many signal transduction processes involved in cancer development (insulin-like growth factor system and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-AKT) and metastasis [cluster of differentiation (CD)44] are dependent on or modulated by lipid rafts. Additional proteins playing an important role in several malignant cancers (e.g., transmembrane glycoprotein mucin 1) are also being detected in association with lipid rafts, suggesting a major role of lipid rafts in tumor progression. Conversely, lipid rafts also serve as scaffolds for the recruitment and clustering of Fas/CD95 death receptors and downstream signaling molecules leading to cell death-promoting raft platforms. The partition of death receptors and downstream signaling molecules in aggregated lipid rafts has led to the formation of the so-called cluster of apoptotic signaling molecule-enriched rafts, or CASMER, which leads to apoptosis amplification and can be pharmacologically modulated. These death-promoting rafts can be viewed as a linchpin from which apoptotic signals are launched. In this review, we discuss the involvement of lipid rafts in major signaling processes in cancer cells, including cell survival, cell death, and metastasis, and we consider the potential of lipid raft modulation as a promising target in cancer therapy. Full Article
survival The short variant of optic atrophy 1 (OPA1) improves cell survival under oxidative stress [Bioenergetics] By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: 2020-05-08T03:41:14-07:00 Optic atrophy 1 (OPA1) is a dynamin protein that mediates mitochondrial fusion at the inner membrane. OPA1 is also necessary for maintaining the cristae and thus essential for supporting cellular energetics. OPA1 exists as membrane-anchored long form (L-OPA1) and short form (S-OPA1) that lacks the transmembrane region and is generated by cleavage of L-OPA1. Mitochondrial dysfunction and cellular stresses activate the inner membrane–associated zinc metallopeptidase OMA1 that cleaves L-OPA1, causing S-OPA1 accumulation. The prevailing notion has been that L-OPA1 is the functional form, whereas S-OPA1 is an inactive cleavage product in mammals, and that stress-induced OPA1 cleavage causes mitochondrial fragmentation and sensitizes cells to death. However, S-OPA1 contains all functional domains of dynamin proteins, suggesting that it has a physiological role. Indeed, we recently demonstrated that S-OPA1 can maintain cristae and energetics through its GTPase activity, despite lacking fusion activity. Here, applying oxidant insult that induces OPA1 cleavage, we show that cells unable to generate S-OPA1 are more sensitive to this stress under obligatory respiratory conditions, leading to necrotic death. These findings indicate that L-OPA1 and S-OPA1 differ in maintaining mitochondrial function. Mechanistically, we found that cells that exclusively express L-OPA1 generate more superoxide and are more sensitive to Ca2+-induced mitochondrial permeability transition, suggesting that S-OPA1, and not L-OPA1, protects against cellular stress. Importantly, silencing of OMA1 expression increased oxidant-induced cell death, indicating that stress-induced OPA1 cleavage supports cell survival. Our findings suggest that S-OPA1 generation by OPA1 cleavage is a survival mechanism in stressed cells. Full Article
survival CBD News: Plastic is everywhere, a part of our daily lives. However, the convenience of plastics now threatens the very survival of our planet. By www.cbd.int Published On :: Fri, 20 Apr 2018 00:00:00 GMT Full Article
survival CBD News: I call on all governments to send a clear message at COP 14 that safeguarding biodiversity is fundamental to our survival and to the well-being of everybody, everywhere. By www.cbd.int Published On :: Tue, 25 Sep 2018 00:00:00 GMT Full Article
survival Quality Over Quantity: In A Financial Crisis, Innovation Is A Survival of the Fittest By www8.gsb.columbia.edu Published On :: Wed, 06 May 2020 15:54:13 +0000 Business Economics and Public Policy Entrepreneurship Operations Wednesday, May 6, 2020 - 11:45 NEW YORK – Innovation is at an all-time high, but the economic damage from the COVID-19 outbreak has the potential to stifle inventions and patents. But new research shows that financial crises are both destructive and creative forces for innovation. Full Article
survival 177Lu-NM600 targeted radionuclide therapy extends survival in syngeneic murine models of triple-negative breast cancer By jnm.snmjournals.org Published On :: 2019-12-20T13:25:42-08:00 Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer leading to the worst prognosis. Because current therapeutic approaches lack efficacy, there is a clinically unmet need for effective treatment alternatives. Herein, we demonstrate a promising strategy utilizing a tumor-targeting alkylphosphocholine (NM600) radiolabeled with 177Lu for targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT) of TNBC. In two murine syngeneic models of TNBC, we confirmed excellent tumor targeting and rapid normal tissue clearance of the PET imaging analog 86Y-NM600. Based on longitudinal PET/CT data acquired with 86Y-NM600, we estimated the dosimetry of therapeutic 177Lu-NM600, which showed larger absorbed doses in the tumor compared to normal tissues. Administration of 177Lu-NM600 resulted in significant tumor growth inhibition and prolonged overall survival in mice bearing syngeneic 4T07 and 4T1 tumors. Complete response was attained in 60% of 4T07 bearing mice, but animals carrying aggressive 4T1 tumor grafts succumbed to metastatic progression. The injected activities used for treatment (9.25 and 18.5 MBq) were well tolerated, and only mild transient cytopenia was noted. Overall, our results suggest that 177Lu-NM600 TRT has potential for treatment of TNBC and merits further exploration in a clinical setting. Full Article
survival FDG-PET/CT identifies predictors of survival in patients with locally advanced cervical carcinoma and para-aortic lymph node involvement to increase treatment By jnm.snmjournals.org Published On :: 2020-02-07T14:31:42-08:00 Introduction: To use positron emission tomography coupled with computed tomography (18FDG-PET/CT) to identify a high-risk subgroup requiring therapeutic intensification among patients with locally advanced cervical cancer (LACC) and para-aortic lymph node (PALN) involvement. Methods: In this retrospective multicentric study, patients with LACC and PALN involvement concurrently treated with chemoradiotherapy and extended-field radiotherapy (EFR) between 2006 and 2016 were included. A senior nuclear medicine specialist in PET for gynaecologic oncology reviewed all 18FDG-PET/CT scans. Metabolic parameters including maximum standardised uptake value (SUVmax), metabolic tumour volume (MTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG) were determined for the primary tumour, pelvic lymph nodes and PALN. Associations between these parameters and overall survival (OS) were assessed with Cox's proportional hazards model. Results: Sixty-eight patients were enrolled in the study. Three-year OS was 55.5% (95% CI (40.8-68.0)). When adjusted for age, stage and histology, pelvic lymph node TLG, PALN TLG and PALN SUVmax were significantly associated with OS (p<0.005). Conclusion: FDG-PET/CT was able to identify predictors of survival in the homogeneous subgroup of patients with LACC and PALN involvement, thus allowing therapeutic intensification to be proposed. Full Article
survival 64Cu-DOTATATE PET/CT and prediction of overall and progression-free survival in patients with neuroendocrine neoplasms By jnm.snmjournals.org Published On :: 2020-02-28T13:52:17-08:00 Overexpression of somatostatin receptors in patients with neuroendocrine neoplasms (NEN) is utilized for both diagnosis and treatment. Receptor density may reflect tumor differentiation and thus be associated with prognosis. Non-invasive visualization and quantification of somatostatin receptor density is possible by somatostatin receptor imaging (SRI) using positron emission tomography (PET). Recently, we introduced 64Cu-DOTATATE for SRI and we hypothesized that uptake of this tracer could be associated with overall (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Methods: We evaluated patients with NEN that had a 64Cu-DOTATATE PET/CT SRI performed in two prospective studies. Tracer uptake was determined as the maximal standardized uptake value (SUVmax) for each patient. Kaplan-Meier analysis with log-rank was used to determine the predictive value of 64Cu-DOTATATE SUVmax for OS and PFS. Specificity, sensitivity and accuracy was calculated for prediction of outcome at 24 months after 64Cu-DOTATATE PET/CT. Results: A total of 128 patients with NEN were included and followed for a median of 73 (1-112) months. During follow-up, 112 experienced disease progression and 69 patients died. The optimal cutoff for 64Cu-DOTATATE SUVmax was 43.3 for prediction of PFS with a hazard ratio of 0.56 (95% CI: 0.38-0.84) for patients with SUVmax > 43.3. However, no significant cutoff was found for prediction of OS. In multiple Cox regression adjusted for age, sex, primary tumor site and tumor grade, the SUVmax cutoff hazard ratio was 0.50 (0.32-0.77) for PFS. The accuracy was moderate for predicting PFS (57%) at 24 months after 64Cu-DOTATATE PET/CT. Conclusion: In this first study to report the association of 64Cu-DOTATATE PET/CT and outcome in patients with NEN, tumor somatostatin receptor density visualized with 64Cu-DOTATATE PET/CT was prognostic for PFS but not OS. However, the accuracy of prediction of PFS at 24 months after 64Cu-DOTATATE PET/CT SRI was moderate limiting the value on an individual patient basis. Full Article
survival Semi-automatically quantified tumor volume using Ga-68-PSMA-11-PET as biomarker for survival in patients with advanced prostate cancer By jnm.snmjournals.org Published On :: 2020-04-24T14:33:41-07:00 Prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) targeting Positron Emission Tomography (PET) imaging is becoming the reference standard for prostate cancer (PC) staging, especially in advanced disease. Yet, the implications of PSMA-PET derived whole-body tumor volume for overall survival are poorly elucidated to date. This might be due to the fact that (semi-) automated quantification of whole-body tumor volume as PSMA-PET biomarker is an unmet clinical challenge. Therefore, a novel semi-automated software is proposed and evaluated by the present study, which enables the semi-automated quantification of PSMA-PET biomarkers such as whole-body tumor volume. Methods: The proposed quantification is implemented as a research prototype (MI Whole Body Analysis Suite, v1.0, Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc., Knoxville, TN). PSMA accumulating foci were automatically segmented by a percental threshold (50% of local SUVmax). Neural networks were trained to segment organs in PET-CT acquisitions (training CTs: 8,632, validation CTs: 53). Thereby, PSMA foci within organs of physiologic PSMA uptake were semi-automatically excluded from the analysis. Pretherapeutic PSMA-PET-CTs of 40 consecutive patients treated with 177Lu-PSMA-617 therapy were evaluated in this analysis. The volumetric whole-body tumor volume (PSMATV50), SUVmax, SUVmean and other whole-body imaging biomarkers were calculated for each patient. Semi-automatically derived results were compared with manual readings in a sub-cohort (by one nuclear medicine physician using syngo.MM Oncology software, Siemens Healthineers, Knoxville, TN). Additionally, an inter-observer evaluation of the semi-automated approach was performed in a sub-cohort (by two nuclear medicine physicians). Results: Manually and semi automatically derived PSMA metrics were highly correlated (PSMATV50: R2=1.000; p<0.001; SUVmax: R2=0.988; p<0.001). The inter-observer agreement of the semi-automated workflow was also high (PSMATV50: R2=1.000; p<0.001; ICC=1.000; SUVmax: R2=0.988; p<0.001; ICC=0.997). PSMATV50 [ml] was a significant predictor of overall survival (HR: 1.004; 95%CI: 1.001-1.006, P = 0.002) and remained so in a multivariate regression including other biomarkers (HR: 1.004; 95%CI: 1.001-1.006 P = 0.004). Conclusion: PSMATV50 is a promising PSMA-PET biomarker that is reproducible and easily quantified by the proposed semi-automated software. Moreover, PSMATV50 is a significant predictor of overall survival in patients with advanced prostate cancer that receive 177Lu-PSMA-617 therapy. Full Article
survival Lipid rafts as signaling hubs in cancer cell survival/death and invasion: implications in tumor progression and therapy [Thematic Reviews] By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: 2020-05-01T00:05:27-07:00 Cholesterol/sphingolipid-rich membrane domains, known as lipid rafts or membrane rafts, play a critical role in the compartmentalization of signaling pathways. Physical segregation of proteins in lipid rafts may modulate the accessibility of proteins to regulatory or effector molecules. Thus, lipid rafts serve as sorting platforms and hubs for signal transduction proteins. Cancer cells contain higher levels of intracellular cholesterol and lipid rafts than their normal non-tumorigenic counterparts. Many signal transduction processes involved in cancer development (insulin-like growth factor system and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-AKT) and metastasis [cluster of differentiation (CD)44] are dependent on or modulated by lipid rafts. Additional proteins playing an important role in several malignant cancers (e.g., transmembrane glycoprotein mucin 1) are also being detected in association with lipid rafts, suggesting a major role of lipid rafts in tumor progression. Conversely, lipid rafts also serve as scaffolds for the recruitment and clustering of Fas/CD95 death receptors and downstream signaling molecules leading to cell death-promoting raft platforms. The partition of death receptors and downstream signaling molecules in aggregated lipid rafts has led to the formation of the so-called cluster of apoptotic signaling molecule-enriched rafts, or CASMER, which leads to apoptosis amplification and can be pharmacologically modulated. These death-promoting rafts can be viewed as a linchpin from which apoptotic signals are launched. In this review, we discuss the involvement of lipid rafts in major signaling processes in cancer cells, including cell survival, cell death, and metastasis, and we consider the potential of lipid raft modulation as a promising target in cancer therapy. Full Article
survival Coregulator Sin3a Promotes Postnatal Murine {beta}-Cell Fitness by Regulating Genes in Ca2+ Homeostasis, Cell Survival, Vesicle Biosynthesis, Glucose Metabolism, and Stress Response By diabetes.diabetesjournals.org Published On :: 2020-04-21T12:16:29-07:00 Swi-independent 3a and 3b (Sin3a and Sin3b) are paralogous transcriptional coregulators that direct cellular differentiation, survival, and function. Here, we report that mouse Sin3a and Sin3b are co-produced in most pancreatic cells during embryogenesis but become much more enriched in endocrine cells in adults, implying continued essential roles in mature endocrine-cell function. Mice with loss of Sin3a in endocrine progenitors were normal during early postnatal stages but gradually developed diabetes before weaning. These physiological defects were preceded by the compromised survival, insulin-vesicle packaging, insulin secretion, and nutrient-induced Ca2+ influx of Sin3a-deficient β-cells. RNA-seq coupled with candidate chromatin-immunoprecipitation assays revealed several genes that could be directly regulated by Sin3a in β-cells, which modulate Ca2+/ion transport, cell survival, vesicle/membrane trafficking, glucose metabolism, and stress responses. Lastly, mice with loss of both Sin3a and Sin3b in multipotent embryonic pancreatic progenitors had significantly reduced islet-cell mass at birth, caused by decreased endocrine-progenitor production and increased β-cell death. These findings highlight the stage-specific requirements for the presumed "general" coregulators Sin3a and Sin3b in islet β-cells, with Sin3a being dispensable for differentiation but required for postnatal function and survival. Full Article
survival Low Dose IL-2 Combined with Rapamycin Led to an Expansion of CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ Tregs and Prolonged Human Islet-allograft Survival in Humanized Mice By diabetes.diabetesjournals.org Published On :: 2020-05-07T07:53:04-07:00 Islet transplantation is an emerging therapy for type 1 diabetes (T1D) and hypoglycaemic unawareness. However, a key challenge for islet transplantation is cellular rejection and the requirement for long-term immunosuppression. In this study we established a diabetic-humanized NOD-scidIL2Rnull(NSG) mouse model of T cell mediated human islet-allograft rejection and developed a therapeutic regimen of low-dose recombinant human interleukin2(IL-2) combined with low-dose rapamycin to prolong graft survival. NSG-mice that had received renal-subcapsular human islet-allografts and were transfused with 1x107 of human-spleen-mononuclear-cells (hSPMCs), reconstituted human CD45+ cells that were predominantly CD3+ T cells and rejected their grafts with a median survival time of 27 days. IL-2 alone (0.3x106 IU/m2 or 1x106 IU/m2), or rapamycin alone (0.5-1mg/kg) for 3 weeks did not prolong survival. However, the combination of rapamycin with IL-2 for 3 weeks significantly prolonged human islet-allograft survival. Graft survival was associated with expansion of CD4+CD25+FOXP3+ Tregs and enhanced TGF-β production by CD4+ T cells. CD8+ T cells showed reduced IFN- production and reduced expression of perforin-1. The combination of IL-2 and rapamycin has the potential to inhibit human islet-allograft rejection by expanding CD4+FOXP3+ Tregs in vivo and supressing effector cell function, and could be the basis of effective tolerance-based regimens. Full Article
survival The short variant of optic atrophy 1 (OPA1) improves cell survival under oxidative stress [Bioenergetics] By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: 2020-05-08T03:41:14-07:00 Optic atrophy 1 (OPA1) is a dynamin protein that mediates mitochondrial fusion at the inner membrane. OPA1 is also necessary for maintaining the cristae and thus essential for supporting cellular energetics. OPA1 exists as membrane-anchored long form (L-OPA1) and short form (S-OPA1) that lacks the transmembrane region and is generated by cleavage of L-OPA1. Mitochondrial dysfunction and cellular stresses activate the inner membrane–associated zinc metallopeptidase OMA1 that cleaves L-OPA1, causing S-OPA1 accumulation. The prevailing notion has been that L-OPA1 is the functional form, whereas S-OPA1 is an inactive cleavage product in mammals, and that stress-induced OPA1 cleavage causes mitochondrial fragmentation and sensitizes cells to death. However, S-OPA1 contains all functional domains of dynamin proteins, suggesting that it has a physiological role. Indeed, we recently demonstrated that S-OPA1 can maintain cristae and energetics through its GTPase activity, despite lacking fusion activity. Here, applying oxidant insult that induces OPA1 cleavage, we show that cells unable to generate S-OPA1 are more sensitive to this stress under obligatory respiratory conditions, leading to necrotic death. These findings indicate that L-OPA1 and S-OPA1 differ in maintaining mitochondrial function. Mechanistically, we found that cells that exclusively express L-OPA1 generate more superoxide and are more sensitive to Ca2+-induced mitochondrial permeability transition, suggesting that S-OPA1, and not L-OPA1, protects against cellular stress. Importantly, silencing of OMA1 expression increased oxidant-induced cell death, indicating that stress-induced OPA1 cleavage supports cell survival. Our findings suggest that S-OPA1 generation by OPA1 cleavage is a survival mechanism in stressed cells. Full Article
survival Superior Long-term Survival for Simultaneous Pancreas-Kidney Transplantation as Renal Replacement Therapy: 30-Year Follow-up of a Nationwide Cohort By care.diabetesjournals.org Published On :: 2020-01-20T12:00:30-08:00 OBJECTIVE In patients with type 1 diabetes and end-stage renal disease, it is controversial whether a simultaneous pancreas-kidney (SPK) transplantation improves survival compared with kidney transplantation alone. We compared long-term survival in SPK and living- or deceased-donor kidney transplant recipients. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS We included all 2,796 patients with type 1 diabetes in the Netherlands who started renal replacement therapy between 1986 and 2016. We used multivariable Cox regression analyses adjusted for recipient age and sex, dialysis modality and vintage, transplantation era, and donor age to compare all-cause mortality between deceased- or living-donor kidney and SPK transplant recipients. Separately, we analyzed mortality between regions where SPK transplant was the preferred intervention (80% SPK) versus regions where a kidney transplant alone was favored (30% SPK). RESULTS Of 996 transplanted patients, 42%, 16%, and 42% received a deceased- or living-donor kidney or SPK transplant, respectively. Mean (SD) age at transplantation was 50 (11), 48 (11), and 42 (8) years, respectively. Median (95% CI) survival time was 7.3 (6.2; 8.3), 10.5 (7.2; 13.7), and 16.5 (15.1; 17.9) years, respectively. SPK recipients with a functioning pancreas graft at 1 year (91%) had the highest survival (median 17.4 years). Compared with deceased-donor kidney transplant recipients, adjusted hazard ratios (95% CI) for 10- and 20-year all-cause mortality were 0.79 (0.49; 1.29) and 0.98 (0.69; 1.39) for living-donor kidney and 0.67 (0.46; 0.98) and 0.79 (0.60; 1.05) for SPK recipients, respectively. A treatment strategy favoring SPK over kidney transplantation alone showed 10- and 20-year mortality hazard ratios of 0.56 (0.40; 0.78) and 0.69 (0.52; 0.90), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Compared with living- or deceased-donor kidney transplantation, SPK transplant was associated with improved patient survival, especially in recipients with a long-term functioning pancreatic graft, and resulted in an almost twofold lower 10-year mortality rate. Full Article
survival Gestational diabetes : your survival guide to diabetes in pregnancy / Paul Grant. By www.catalog.slsa.sa.gov.au Published On :: Diabetes in pregnancy -- Treatment -- Popular works. Full Article
survival A new log-linear bimodal Birnbaum–Saunders regression model with application to survival data By projecteuclid.org Published On :: Mon, 04 Mar 2019 04:00 EST Francisco Cribari-Neto, Rodney V. Fonseca. Source: Brazilian Journal of Probability and Statistics, Volume 33, Number 2, 329--355.Abstract: The log-linear Birnbaum–Saunders model has been widely used in empirical applications. We introduce an extension of this model based on a recently proposed version of the Birnbaum–Saunders distribution which is more flexible than the standard Birnbaum–Saunders law since its density may assume both unimodal and bimodal shapes. We show how to perform point estimation, interval estimation and hypothesis testing inferences on the parameters that index the regression model we propose. We also present a number of diagnostic tools, such as residual analysis, local influence, generalized leverage, generalized Cook’s distance and model misspecification tests. We investigate the usefulness of model selection criteria and the accuracy of prediction intervals for the proposed model. Results of Monte Carlo simulations are presented. Finally, we also present and discuss an empirical application. Full Article
survival A review of survival trees By projecteuclid.org Published On :: Mon, 12 Sep 2011 09:13 EDT Imad Bou-Hamad, Denis Larocque, Hatem Ben-AmeurSource: Statist. Surv., Volume 5, 44--71.Abstract: This paper presents a non–technical account of the developments in tree–based methods for the analysis of survival data with censoring. This review describes the initial developments, which mainly extended the existing basic tree methodologies to censored data as well as to more recent work. We also cover more complex models, more specialized methods, and more specific problems such as multivariate data, the use of time–varying covariates, discrete–scale survival data, and ensemble methods applied to survival trees. A data example is used to illustrate some methods that are implemented in R. Full Article
survival Semi-Parametric Joint Modeling of Survival and Longitudinal Data: The R Package JSM By www.jstatsoft.org Published On :: Sat, 18 Apr 2020 03:35:08 +0000 This paper is devoted to the R package JSM which performs joint statistical modeling of survival and longitudinal data. In biomedical studies it has been increasingly common to collect both baseline and longitudinal covariates along with a possibly censored survival time. Instead of analyzing the survival and longitudinal outcomes separately, joint modeling approaches have attracted substantive attention in the recent literature and have been shown to correct biases from separate modeling approaches and enhance information. Most existing approaches adopt a linear mixed effects model for the longitudinal component and the Cox proportional hazards model for the survival component. We extend the Cox model to a more general class of transformation models for the survival process, where the baseline hazard function is completely unspecified leading to semiparametric survival models. We also offer a non-parametric multiplicative random effects model for the longitudinal process in JSM in addition to the linear mixed effects model. In this paper, we present the joint modeling framework that is implemented in JSM, as well as the standard error estimation methods, and illustrate the package with two real data examples: a liver cirrhosis data and a Mayo Clinic primary biliary cirrhosis data. Full Article
survival The Washington manual internship survival guide By dal.novanet.ca Published On :: Fri, 1 May 2020 19:44:43 -0300 Callnumber: OnlineISBN: 9781975116859 Full Article
survival Integrative survival analysis with uncertain event times in application to a suicide risk study By projecteuclid.org Published On :: Wed, 15 Apr 2020 22:05 EDT Wenjie Wang, Robert Aseltine, Kun Chen, Jun Yan. Source: The Annals of Applied Statistics, Volume 14, Number 1, 51--73.Abstract: The concept of integrating data from disparate sources to accelerate scientific discovery has generated tremendous excitement in many fields. The potential benefits from data integration, however, may be compromised by the uncertainty due to incomplete/imperfect record linkage. Motivated by a suicide risk study, we propose an approach for analyzing survival data with uncertain event times arising from data integration. Specifically, in our problem deaths identified from the hospital discharge records together with reported suicidal deaths determined by the Office of Medical Examiner may still not include all the death events of patients, and the missing deaths can be recovered from a complete database of death records. Since the hospital discharge data can only be linked to the death record data by matching basic patient characteristics, a patient with a censored death time from the first dataset could be linked to multiple potential event records in the second dataset. We develop an integrative Cox proportional hazards regression in which the uncertainty in the matched event times is modeled probabilistically. The estimation procedure combines the ideas of profile likelihood and the expectation conditional maximization algorithm (ECM). Simulation studies demonstrate that under realistic settings of imperfect data linkage the proposed method outperforms several competing approaches including multiple imputation. A marginal screening analysis using the proposed integrative Cox model is performed to identify risk factors associated with death following suicide-related hospitalization in Connecticut. The identified diagnostics codes are consistent with existing literature and provide several new insights on suicide risk, prediction and prevention. Full Article
survival Oblique random survival forests By projecteuclid.org Published On :: Wed, 16 Oct 2019 22:03 EDT Byron C. Jaeger, D. Leann Long, Dustin M. Long, Mario Sims, Jeff M. Szychowski, Yuan-I Min, Leslie A. Mcclure, George Howard, Noah Simon. Source: The Annals of Applied Statistics, Volume 13, Number 3, 1847--1883.Abstract: We introduce and evaluate the oblique random survival forest (ORSF). The ORSF is an ensemble method for right-censored survival data that uses linear combinations of input variables to recursively partition a set of training data. Regularized Cox proportional hazard models are used to identify linear combinations of input variables in each recursive partitioning step. Benchmark results using simulated and real data indicate that the ORSF’s predicted risk function has high prognostic value in comparison to random survival forests, conditional inference forests, regression and boosting. In an application to data from the Jackson Heart Study, we demonstrate variable and partial dependence using the ORSF and highlight characteristics of its ten-year predicted risk function for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease events (ASCVD; stroke, coronary heart disease). We present visualizations comparing variable and partial effect estimation according to the ORSF, the conditional inference forest, and the Pooled Cohort Risk equations. The obliqueRSF R package, which provides functions to fit the ORSF and create variable and partial dependence plots, is available on the comprehensive R archive network (CRAN). Full Article
survival Ependymal Vps35 Promotes Ependymal Cell Differentiation and Survival, Suppresses Microglial Activation, and Prevents Neonatal Hydrocephalus By www.jneurosci.org Published On :: 2020-05-06T09:30:22-07:00 Hydrocephalus is a pathologic condition associated with various brain diseases, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Dysfunctional ependymal cells (EpCs) are believed to contribute to the development of hydrocephalus. It is thus of interest to investigate EpCs' development and function. Here, we report that vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 35 (VPS35) is critical for EpC differentiation, ciliogenesis, and survival, and thus preventing neonatal hydrocephalus. VPS35 is abundantly expressed in EpCs. Mice with conditional knock-out (cKO) of Vps35 in embryonic (Vps35GFAP-Cre and Vps35Emx1-Cre) or postnatal (Vps35Foxj1-CreER) EpC progenitors exhibit enlarged lateral ventricles (LVs) and hydrocephalus-like pathology. Further studies reveal marked reductions in EpCs and their cilia in both Vps35GFAP-Cre and Vps35Foxj1-CreER mutant mice. The reduced EpCs appear to be due to impairments in EpC differentiation and survival. Additionally, both Vps35GFAP-Cre and Vps35Foxj1-CreER neonatal pups exhibit increased cell proliferation and death largely in a region close to LV-EpCs. Many microglia close to the mutant LV-EpC region become activated. Depletion of the microglia by PLX3397, an antagonist of colony-stimulating factor 1 receptor (CSF1R), restores LV-EpCs and diminishes the pathology of neonatal hydrocephalus in Vps35Foxj1-CreER mice. Taken together, these observations suggest unrecognized functions of Vps35 in EpC differentiation, ciliogenesis, and survival in neonatal LV, and reveal pathologic roles of locally activated microglia in EpC homeostasis and hydrocephalus development. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT This study reports critical functions of vacuolar protein sorting-associated protein 35 (VPS35) not only in promoting ependymal cell (EpC) differentiation, ciliogenesis, and survival, but also in preventing local microglial activation. The dysfunctional EpCs and activated microglia are likely to induce hydrocephalus. Full Article
survival Prehistoric reptile put survival where its mouth is, developed mammal enamel on its teeth: study By www.cbc.ca Published On :: Sat, 9 May 2020 10:30:00 EDT In a new twist on oral history, University of Alberta paleontologists have discovered that an Argentinian reptile from 95 million years ago developed a type of tooth enamel that is common in humans and other mammals but rare among reptiles. Full Article News/Canada/Edmonton
survival Impact of Bisphosphonates on Survival for Patients With Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy By pediatrics.aappublications.org Published On :: 2011-01-17T04:01:26-08:00 The use of steroids as a treatment for patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy results in a slower progression in weakness. Bisphosphonates often are used in conjunction with steroid therapy to enhance bone health. The combination of steroids and bisphosphonates seems to be associated with significantly improved survival rates compared with treatment with steroids alone. (Read the full article) Full Article
survival Predictors of Survival in Children Born With Down Syndrome: A Registry-Based Study By pediatrics.aappublications.org Published On :: 2012-05-21T00:07:43-07:00 Survival of children born with Down syndrome has been improving, but few studies have used population-based data to examine the influence of fetal and maternal characteristics on survival.This study examined predictors of survival for children born with Down syndrome using population-based data from the UK Northern Congenital Abnormality Survey and shows that year of birth, gestational age, birth weight, and presence of additional anomalies influence survival status. (Read the full article) Full Article
survival Trends in Survival Among Children With Down Syndrome in 10 Regions of the United States By pediatrics.aappublications.org Published On :: 2012-12-17T00:07:23-08:00 Although survival of children born with Down syndrome has improved, unexplained racial and ethnic disparities in survival persist in the United States.This study used population-based data from 10 birth defects monitoring programs in the United States to examine survival trends among children born with Down syndrome and to evaluate the changing influence of survival predictors over the life course. (Read the full article) Full Article
survival Population-Based Estimates of In-Unit Survival for Very Preterm Infants By pediatrics.aappublications.org Published On :: 2013-01-14T00:07:15-08:00 Survival estimates for preterm infants are vital for counseling parents, informing care, and planning services. Widely use estimates of in-unit survival derived from a large UK population for infants born at <33 weeks’ gestational age have been available since 1999.These survival charts have been updated and will be of use to clinicians, parents, and managers. An alternative method for graphical representation of survival probabilities is offered: contour survival plots. (Read the full article) Full Article
survival Temporal Trends in Survival Among Infants With Critical Congenital Heart Defects By pediatrics.aappublications.org Published On :: 2013-04-22T05:21:49-07:00 Pulse oximetry testing in newborns can detect asymptomatic cases of critical congenital heart defects and has been added to the US Recommended Uniform Screening Panel. However, the impact that earlier diagnosis may have on survival in this population is unclear.One-year survival for infants with critical congenital heart defects has been improving over time, yet mortality remains high. Survival has been greatest for those diagnosed after 1 day of age and may increase more with screening using pulse oximetry. (Read the full article) Full Article
survival Survival of Patients With Spinal Muscular Atrophy Type 1 By pediatrics.aappublications.org Published On :: 2013-04-22T05:21:49-07:00 Survival of children with spinal muscular atrophy type 1 is determined by treatment choice: tracheostomy with mechanical ventilation, noninvasive mechanical ventilation, or a palliative approach. Few data are available on life expectancies with different approaches.The present study provides data comparing therapeutic strategies that affect life expectancy. Clinicians involved in the care of patients with spinal muscular atrophy type 1 should be aware of survival trends while awaiting more definitive therapeutic strategies. (Read the full article) Full Article
survival Pediatric Germ Cell Tumors From 1987 to 2011: Incidence Rates, Time Trends, and Survival By pediatrics.aappublications.org Published On :: 2014-12-08T00:06:37-08:00 Germ cell tumors in children are heterogeneous and rare neoplasms that occur in various locations, such as gonads, the central nervous system, and the pelvis. The incidence rate has been increasing in some countries.Population-based analyses of germ cell tumors in children are rare. This population-based study describes the incidence rates, trends, and survival of germ cell tumors in German children from 1987 to 2011. (Read the full article) Full Article
survival Incidence, Trends, and Survival of Children With Embryonal Tumors By pediatrics.aappublications.org Published On :: 2015-08-24T00:07:08-07:00 Embryonal tumors occur almost exclusively in children. The group is heterogeneous and includes relatively common pediatric tumors as well as rare tumors. The incidence rate for hepatoblastoma has been increasing in some countries.This population-based study is the first comprehensive study on embryonal tumors in German children. Incidence rates, trends, and survival for 1991 through 2012 are presented. A statistically significant increasing trend for hepatoblastoma was detected for the first time in Europe. (Read the full article) Full Article
survival Survival of Children With Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome By pediatrics.aappublications.org Published On :: 2015-09-21T00:07:35-07:00 Hypoplastic left heart syndrome (HLHS) is a critical congenital heart defect with high mortality. With advances in surgical intervention in recent years, survival of infants with HLHS has improved, but information on long-term survival using population-based data is limited.In this population-based study, survival to adolescence of children with HLHS has significantly improved in recent years. Among infant survivors, >90% survived up to 18 years. Gestational age, birth weight, and neighborhood poverty may affect survival. (Read the full article) Full Article
survival Fin24.com | OPINION | Coronavirus survival guide for entrepreneurs: Get to rational quickly By www.fin24.com Published On :: Sun, 26 Apr 2020 17:01:03 +0200 Allon Raiz is CEO of business incubator Raizcorp. In this series of articles, he offers entrepreneurs advice on surviving a crisis. Full Article
survival Fin24.com | OPINION | Coronavirus survival guide for entrepreneurs: Build an opportunity matrix By www.fin24.com Published On :: Wed, 29 Apr 2020 18:34:13 +0200 Now, more than ever, we need to be listening for market signals and ensuring that our businesses are primed to both take advantage of opportunities and to mitigate risks, says Allon Raiz. Full Article
survival 2020 to be year of survival for entrepreneurs; here’s why Covid is true test of ease of doing business By www.financialexpress.com Published On :: 2020-05-07T12:33:00+05:30 Ease of Doing Business for MSMEs: All the government services like clearances, issuing licenses, approvals etc. should be online and time-bound. The onus of delay should be on the officer concerned and be made liable for payment of damages for causing delays. Full Article Cafe SME Industry SME
survival COVID-19 pandemic hit India’s travel and tourism, immediate survival measures required: FAITH By www.financialexpress.com Published On :: 2020-04-23T16:17:00+05:30 The crisis has jeopardised India's 5 lakh crore tourism industry and employment of an estimated 3.8 crore jobs, FAITH said in a statement. Full Article Lifestyle Travel & Tourism
survival Provide specific packages to tourism industry for survival: FAITH to states By www.financialexpress.com Published On :: 2020-04-29T16:56:00+05:30 All states have been requested to give a complete waiver on all fixed electricity and other utility charges as well as excise duties without any penalties to the tourism and hospitality industry, FAITH said in a statement. Full Article Lifestyle Travel & Tourism
survival Gaganyaan: DRDO to provide special space food and emergency survival kit for ISRO’s manned mission By www.financialexpress.com Published On :: 2020-03-04T16:56:17+05:30 ISRO is already working on a Humanoid prototype (with a female form)for the Gaganyaan missions, which is expected to be sent out on a mission next year to test it out before actually sending humans in space. Full Article Lifestyle Science
survival Survival hashtags: How some creative hashtags on social media have come to the rescue of netizens By www.financialexpress.com Published On :: 2020-04-26T00:40:00+05:30 Some creative hashtags on social media have come to the rescue of netizens, offering distraction as well as solace in these trying times. Full Article Lifestyle
survival Bolsonaro Fights for Survival, Turning to Empowered Military Elders By www.nytimes.com Published On :: Fri, 01 May 2020 18:23:55 GMT A flailing leader has given Brazil’s generals an opening to insert themselves onto the front lines of politics. Full Article
survival Magecart Gang Attacks Olympic Ticket Reseller And Survival Food Sites By packetstormsecurity.com Published On :: Mon, 10 Feb 2020 14:12:43 GMT Full Article headline malware bank cybercrime fraud
survival Seminal fluid, not just sperm, can influence offspring's survival By www.newscientist.com Published On :: Fri, 31 Jan 2020 13:50:51 +0000 It’s not just about the sperm: the semen of male fish carries unidentified substances that influence how quickly the offspring develop and even how well they can swim Full Article
survival Tiger survival threatened by mass road-building in precious habitats By www.newscientist.com Published On :: Wed, 29 Apr 2020 19:00:36 +0000 Over half the world’s wild tigers now live 5 kilometres from a road, and infrastructure projects planned in Asia could fragment their habitat further Full Article
survival One Sigmoidoscopy Boosts Colon Cancer Survival Odds By www.medicinenet.com Published On :: Sat, 9 May 2020 00:00:00 PDT Title: One Sigmoidoscopy Boosts Colon Cancer Survival OddsCategory: Health NewsCreated: 4/27/2010 8:10:00 PMLast Editorial Review: 4/28/2010 12:00:00 AM Full Article