recommendations Prospective registration and reporting of trial number in randomised clinical trials: global cross sectional study of the adoption of ICMJE and Declaration of Helsinki recommendations By feeds.bmj.com Published On :: Tuesday, April 14, 2020 - 09:20 Full Article
recommendations Evidence-Informed Clinical Practice Recommendations for Treatment of Type 1 Diabetes Complicated by Problematic Hypoglycemia By care.diabetesjournals.org Published On :: 2015-06-01 Pratik ChoudharyJun 1, 2015; 38:1016-1029Type 1 Diabetes at a Crossroads Full Article
recommendations Clinical Targets for Continuous Glucose Monitoring Data Interpretation: Recommendations From the International Consensus on Time in Range By care.diabetesjournals.org Published On :: 2019-08-01 Tadej BattelinoAug 1, 2019; 42:1593-1603International Consensus Report Full Article
recommendations Diabetes Prevention in the Real World: Effectiveness of Pragmatic Lifestyle Interventions for the Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes and of the Impact of Adherence to Guideline Recommendations: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis By care.diabetesjournals.org Published On :: 2014-04-01 Alison J. DunkleyApr 1, 2014; 37:922-933Current Concepts of Type 2 Diabetes Prevention Full Article
recommendations Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes: From "Guidelines" to "Position Statements" and Back: Recommendations of the Israel National Diabetes Council By care.diabetesjournals.org Published On :: 2016-08-01 Ofri MosenzonAug 1, 2016; 39:S146-S153II. Diabetes Treatment Options Full Article
recommendations Clinical Targets for Continuous Glucose Monitoring Data Interpretation: Recommendations From the International Consensus on Time in Range By care.diabetesjournals.org Published On :: 2019-08-01 Tadej BattelinoAug 1, 2019; 42:1593-1603International Consensus Report Full Article
recommendations Lockdown Reading Recommendations for People Who Like to Read About Sex By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: Fri, 10 Apr 2020 14:00:00 +0000 I know that many of you are bored and horny right now during this lockdown and quarantine period, so allow me to recommend some of my favorite sex books! If you follow me on Instagram, you’ve probably already seen a few of my recommendations, but here’s a more extensive reading list. Full Article Featured Books and Films
recommendations Weight Management in Primary Care for Children With Autism: Expert Recommendations By pediatrics.aappublications.org Published On :: 2020-04-01T01:00:42-07:00 Research suggests that the prevalence of obesity in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is higher than in typically developing children. The US Preventive Services Task Force and the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) have endorsed screening children for overweight and obesity as part of the standard of care for physicians. However, the pediatric provider community has been inadequately prepared to address this issue in children with ASD. The Healthy Weight Research Network, a national research network of pediatric obesity and autism experts funded by the US Health Resources and Service Administration Maternal and Child Health Bureau, developed recommendations for managing overweight and obesity in children with ASD, which include adaptations to the AAP’s 2007 guidance. These recommendations were developed from extant scientific evidence in children with ASD, and when evidence was unavailable, consensus was established on the basis of clinical experience. It should be noted that these recommendations do not reflect official AAP policy. Many of the AAP recommendations remain appropriate for primary care practitioners to implement with their patients with ASD; however, the significant challenges experienced by this population in both dietary and physical activity domains, as well as the stress experienced by their families, require adaptations and modifications for both preventive and intervention efforts. These recommendations can assist pediatric providers in providing tailored guidance on weight management to children with ASD and their families. Full Article
recommendations Infant Hospitalizations for Pertussis Before and After Tdap Recommendations for Adolescents By pediatrics.aappublications.org Published On :: 2013-10-21T00:07:32-07:00 Pertussis rates are on the rise in the United States. Infants often require hospitalization for pertussis. Vaccination can change hospitalization patterns for vaccine-preventable diseases. It is unknown if vaccinating adolescents for pertussis (recommended in 2006) might change infant hospitalization utilization.Universal vaccination policy among adolescents against pertussis appears to have been effective in 3 of the 4 years we examined postvaccination. Further vaccination efforts among adolescents and adults are needed to prevent infantile hospitalization on a more consistent basis. (Read the full article) Full Article
recommendations Adherence to Label and Device Recommendations for Over-the-Counter Pediatric Liquid Medications By pediatrics.aappublications.org Published On :: 2014-01-06T00:06:39-08:00 Due to reports of unintentional overdoses, in 2011 the US Food and Drug Administration finalized voluntary recommendations for dosing devices included with over-the-counter (OTC) liquid medications. The Consumer Healthcare Products Association previously endorsed similar recommendations for devices and dosing directions.This study assessed dosing directions and devices for national brand name OTC liquid medications, available after a voluntary FDA guidance, and found high levels of adherence to most recommendations. Further improvement efforts should prioritize recommendations directly addressing potential dosing errors. (Read the full article) Full Article
recommendations Online newsletter provides updates, recommendations on spotted lanternfly By news.psu.edu Published On :: Fri, 01 May 2020 15:40 -0400 A new online newsletter offered by Penn State Extension will give readers “the scoop” on the spotted lanternfly. Full Article
recommendations Johns Hopkins Team Releases Major Recommendations for Strengthening Delaware’s Substance Use Disorder Treatment System By news.delaware.gov Published On :: Tue, 24 Jul 2018 14:14:55 +0000 NEW CASTLE (July 24, 2018) – Following a 14-month review of Delaware’s opioid use disorder treatment system, a research team from the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and the Bloomberg American Health Initiative today recommended four major strategies to achieve the state’s goal of a system of care that is accessible, evidence-based, individualized, […] Full Article Delaware Health and Social Services Division of Public Health Governor John Carney Lt. Governor Bethany Hall-Long News Office of the Governor Office of the Lieutenant Governor Addiction addictiontreatment Johns Hopkins Opioid opioid epidemic recovery
recommendations New Bulletin Provides Recommendations to Insurers During COVID-19 By news.delaware.gov Published On :: Fri, 20 Mar 2020 17:00:20 +0000 Insurers asked to waive prior authorization requirements, cease cancellations and nonrenewals due to missed or delayed payments Insurance Commissioner Trinidad Navarro and the Delaware Department of Insurance today issued a bulletin with recommended actions for the insurance industry. Requests included asking health insurers waive all prior authorization constraints for lab testing and future treatment of […] Full Article Captive Captive Insurance Insurance Commissioner News 2019 Novel Coronavirus auto insurance Commissioner Navarro Commissioner Trinidad Navarro Coronavirus COVID COVID-19 Department of Insurance Health Insurance healthcare Home Insurance insurance novel coronavirus teleheath telemedicine Trinidad Navarro
recommendations European Commission aims to level the playing field between suppliers and large customers by introducing recommendations on unfair trade practices By www.eversheds.com Published On :: 2014-08-01 European Commission aims to level the playing field between suppliers and large customers by introducing recommendations on unfair trade practices The European Commission recently adopted a Communication encouraging EU Member States to look at ways ... Full Article
recommendations Rail Technology: The Transport Select Committee makes recommendations for the delivery of the Digital Railway programme By www.eversheds.com Published On :: 2016-11-15 What is the Digital Railway programme? The Digital Railway programme is a Network Rail led initiative to modernise train command, control and signalling systems used on the British railway network with the aim of substantially improving the capabili... Full Article
recommendations A Sampling of Highlights from the Literature: Article Recommendations from Our Deputy and Senior Editors By cancerimmunolres.aacrjournals.org Published On :: 2020-05-01T00:05:25-07:00 Full Article
recommendations Best of the Best Biotech Book Recommendations By www.biotechduediligence.com Published On :: Fri, 29 Nov 2019 18:00:39 GMT As you may know, I maintain an extensive list of book recommendations for the biotech enthusiast on a "Amazon Influencer" page. After the latest update there are well over 100 titles! I recently analyzed the data to come up with the most popular titles among my followers (perhaps the full list is a bit intimidating):Genentech: The Birth of BiotechThe Biotech Trader HandbookThe Pharmagellan Guide to Biotech Forecasting & ValuationValuation in Life Sciences: A Practical GuideThe Antidot [...] Full Article Uncategorized
recommendations Presidential Task Force on Controlled Unclassified Information Releases Report and Recommendations By www.justice.gov Published On :: Tue, 15 Dec 2009 10:31:49 EST Attorney General Holder and Secretary Janet Napolitano announced two major steps in their efforts to implement reforms to enhance information sharing among federal, state, local and tribal law enforcement agencies and safeguard sensitive information used by the government—designed to expand joint capabilities to protect the United States from terrorist activity, violent crime and other threats to the homeland. Full Article OPA Press Releases
recommendations Statement by Attorney General Eric Holder on the Release of the National Advisory Committee on Violence Against Women Recommendations By www.justice.gov Published On :: Fri, 30 Nov 2012 11:26:32 EST Attorney General Eric Holder issued the following statement today on the release of the recommendations by the National Advisory Committee on Violence Against Women. Full Article OPA Press Releases
recommendations Task Force on Children Exposed to Violence Presents Final Findings, Recommendations to Attorney General By www.justice.gov Published On :: Wed, 12 Dec 2012 09:56:25 EST Attorney General Eric Holder’s Task Force on Children Exposed to Violence today presented its final report and policy recommendations gathered from public hearings held across the country over the past year. Full Article OPA Press Releases
recommendations COVID’s Broader Impacts: Risks and Recommendations By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: May 5, 2020 May 5, 2020While the world’s health and economy are the clearest victims of COVID-19, the pandemic has impacted nearly every aspect of society – from national security to international relationships. We asked several of our experts to share their thoughts on risks and/or recommendations that policymakers and the public should consider in the coming weeks and months. Full Article
recommendations COVID’s Broader Impacts: Risks and Recommendations By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: May 5, 2020 May 5, 2020While the world’s health and economy are the clearest victims of COVID-19, the pandemic has impacted nearly every aspect of society – from national security to international relationships. We asked several of our experts to share their thoughts on risks and/or recommendations that policymakers and the public should consider in the coming weeks and months. Full Article
recommendations COVID’s Broader Impacts: Risks and Recommendations By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: May 5, 2020 May 5, 2020While the world’s health and economy are the clearest victims of COVID-19, the pandemic has impacted nearly every aspect of society – from national security to international relationships. We asked several of our experts to share their thoughts on risks and/or recommendations that policymakers and the public should consider in the coming weeks and months. Full Article
recommendations COVID’s Broader Impacts: Risks and Recommendations By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: May 5, 2020 May 5, 2020While the world’s health and economy are the clearest victims of COVID-19, the pandemic has impacted nearly every aspect of society – from national security to international relationships. We asked several of our experts to share their thoughts on risks and/or recommendations that policymakers and the public should consider in the coming weeks and months. Full Article
recommendations Policy and Action on Plastic in the Arctic Ocean: October 2019 Workshop Summary & Recommendations By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: Apr 6, 2020 Apr 6, 2020The Belfer Center’s Arctic Initiative and the Wilson Center’s Polar Institute co-hosted a workshop with the Icelandic Chairmanship of the Arctic Council at the Harvard Kennedy School of Government entitled, Policy and Action on Plastic in the Arctic Ocean. The event convened global thought leaders, diverse stakeholders, and subject matter experts to begin developing a framework for tackling Arctic marine plastic pollution as one of the focus areas for the Icelandic Chairmanship. Full Article
recommendations COVID’s Broader Impacts: Risks and Recommendations By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: May 5, 2020 May 5, 2020While the world’s health and economy are the clearest victims of COVID-19, the pandemic has impacted nearly every aspect of society – from national security to international relationships. We asked several of our experts to share their thoughts on risks and/or recommendations that policymakers and the public should consider in the coming weeks and months. Full Article
recommendations COVID’s Broader Impacts: Risks and Recommendations By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: May 5, 2020 May 5, 2020While the world’s health and economy are the clearest victims of COVID-19, the pandemic has impacted nearly every aspect of society – from national security to international relationships. We asked several of our experts to share their thoughts on risks and/or recommendations that policymakers and the public should consider in the coming weeks and months. Full Article
recommendations COVID’s Broader Impacts: Risks and Recommendations By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: May 5, 2020 May 5, 2020While the world’s health and economy are the clearest victims of COVID-19, the pandemic has impacted nearly every aspect of society – from national security to international relationships. We asked several of our experts to share their thoughts on risks and/or recommendations that policymakers and the public should consider in the coming weeks and months. Full Article
recommendations COVID’s Broader Impacts: Risks and Recommendations By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: May 5, 2020 May 5, 2020While the world’s health and economy are the clearest victims of COVID-19, the pandemic has impacted nearly every aspect of society – from national security to international relationships. We asked several of our experts to share their thoughts on risks and/or recommendations that policymakers and the public should consider in the coming weeks and months. Full Article
recommendations Policy and Action on Plastic in the Arctic Ocean: October 2019 Workshop Summary & Recommendations By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: Apr 6, 2020 Apr 6, 2020The Belfer Center’s Arctic Initiative and the Wilson Center’s Polar Institute co-hosted a workshop with the Icelandic Chairmanship of the Arctic Council at the Harvard Kennedy School of Government entitled, Policy and Action on Plastic in the Arctic Ocean. The event convened global thought leaders, diverse stakeholders, and subject matter experts to begin developing a framework for tackling Arctic marine plastic pollution as one of the focus areas for the Icelandic Chairmanship. Full Article
recommendations COVID’s Broader Impacts: Risks and Recommendations By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: May 5, 2020 May 5, 2020While the world’s health and economy are the clearest victims of COVID-19, the pandemic has impacted nearly every aspect of society – from national security to international relationships. We asked several of our experts to share their thoughts on risks and/or recommendations that policymakers and the public should consider in the coming weeks and months. Full Article
recommendations COVID’s Broader Impacts: Risks and Recommendations By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: May 5, 2020 May 5, 2020While the world’s health and economy are the clearest victims of COVID-19, the pandemic has impacted nearly every aspect of society – from national security to international relationships. We asked several of our experts to share their thoughts on risks and/or recommendations that policymakers and the public should consider in the coming weeks and months. Full Article
recommendations COVID’s Broader Impacts: Risks and Recommendations By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: May 5, 2020 May 5, 2020While the world’s health and economy are the clearest victims of COVID-19, the pandemic has impacted nearly every aspect of society – from national security to international relationships. We asked several of our experts to share their thoughts on risks and/or recommendations that policymakers and the public should consider in the coming weeks and months. Full Article
recommendations COVID’s Broader Impacts: Risks and Recommendations By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: May 5, 2020 May 5, 2020While the world’s health and economy are the clearest victims of COVID-19, the pandemic has impacted nearly every aspect of society – from national security to international relationships. We asked several of our experts to share their thoughts on risks and/or recommendations that policymakers and the public should consider in the coming weeks and months. Full Article
recommendations 8 recommendations for universities and professors during the coronavirus pandemic By webfeeds.brookings.edu Published On :: Fri, 03 Apr 2020 19:07:23 +0000 Over 200 colleges and universities have closed in the United States due to the coronavirus pandemic. Some have canceled in-person classes for the rest of the spring 2020 semester, while others have canceled graduation. Universities are trying to make decisions in a fluid and unprecedented environment. Professors and instructors face their own challenges as they… Full Article
recommendations Policy and Action on Plastic in the Arctic Ocean: October 2019 Workshop Summary & Recommendations By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: Apr 6, 2020 Apr 6, 2020The Belfer Center’s Arctic Initiative and the Wilson Center’s Polar Institute co-hosted a workshop with the Icelandic Chairmanship of the Arctic Council at the Harvard Kennedy School of Government entitled, Policy and Action on Plastic in the Arctic Ocean. The event convened global thought leaders, diverse stakeholders, and subject matter experts to begin developing a framework for tackling Arctic marine plastic pollution as one of the focus areas for the Icelandic Chairmanship. Full Article
recommendations COVID’s Broader Impacts: Risks and Recommendations By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: May 5, 2020 May 5, 2020While the world’s health and economy are the clearest victims of COVID-19, the pandemic has impacted nearly every aspect of society – from national security to international relationships. We asked several of our experts to share their thoughts on risks and/or recommendations that policymakers and the public should consider in the coming weeks and months. Full Article
recommendations Policy and Action on Plastic in the Arctic Ocean: October 2019 Workshop Summary & Recommendations By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: Apr 6, 2020 Apr 6, 2020The Belfer Center’s Arctic Initiative and the Wilson Center’s Polar Institute co-hosted a workshop with the Icelandic Chairmanship of the Arctic Council at the Harvard Kennedy School of Government entitled, Policy and Action on Plastic in the Arctic Ocean. The event convened global thought leaders, diverse stakeholders, and subject matter experts to begin developing a framework for tackling Arctic marine plastic pollution as one of the focus areas for the Icelandic Chairmanship. Full Article
recommendations Policy and Action on Plastic in the Arctic Ocean: October 2019 Workshop Summary & Recommendations By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: Apr 6, 2020 Apr 6, 2020The Belfer Center’s Arctic Initiative and the Wilson Center’s Polar Institute co-hosted a workshop with the Icelandic Chairmanship of the Arctic Council at the Harvard Kennedy School of Government entitled, Policy and Action on Plastic in the Arctic Ocean. The event convened global thought leaders, diverse stakeholders, and subject matter experts to begin developing a framework for tackling Arctic marine plastic pollution as one of the focus areas for the Icelandic Chairmanship. Full Article
recommendations Policy and Action on Plastic in the Arctic Ocean: October 2019 Workshop Summary & Recommendations By feedproxy.google.com Published On :: Apr 6, 2020 Apr 6, 2020The Belfer Center’s Arctic Initiative and the Wilson Center’s Polar Institute co-hosted a workshop with the Icelandic Chairmanship of the Arctic Council at the Harvard Kennedy School of Government entitled, Policy and Action on Plastic in the Arctic Ocean. The event convened global thought leaders, diverse stakeholders, and subject matter experts to begin developing a framework for tackling Arctic marine plastic pollution as one of the focus areas for the Icelandic Chairmanship. Full Article
recommendations Policy and Action on Plastic in the Arctic Ocean: October 2019 Workshop Summary & Recommendations By www.belfercenter.org Published On :: Apr 6, 2020 Apr 6, 2020The Belfer Center’s Arctic Initiative and the Wilson Center’s Polar Institute co-hosted a workshop with the Icelandic Chairmanship of the Arctic Council at the Harvard Kennedy School of Government entitled, Policy and Action on Plastic in the Arctic Ocean. The event convened global thought leaders, diverse stakeholders, and subject matter experts to begin developing a framework for tackling Arctic marine plastic pollution as one of the focus areas for the Icelandic Chairmanship. Full Article
recommendations Technology and the Federal Government: Recommendations for the Innovation Advisory Board By webfeeds.brookings.edu Published On :: Mon, 06 Jun 2011 15:14:00 -0400 Our former Brookings colleague Rebecca Blank, now at the Commerce Department, is today leading the first meeting of the Obama Administration’s Innovation Advisory Board, looking at the innovative capacity and economic competitiveness of the United States.I applaud the effort. Nothing is more important to America’s longterm competitiveness than emphasizing innovation. As the council looks to the private sector and global markets, I urge it to examine how the U.S. government can lead innovation and contribute to economic growth. The best place to look is new and emerging digital technologies that can make government more accessible, accountable, responsive and efficient for the people who use government services every day. Here are some of the recommendations I made in a recent paper I wrote with colleagues here at Brookings as part of our “Growth Through Innovation” initiative: Save money and gain efficiency by moving federal IT functions “to the cloud,” i.e., using advances in cloud computing to put software, hardware, services and data storage through remote file servers. Continue to prioritize the Obama administration’s existing efforts to put unparalleled amounts of data online at Data.gov and other federal sites, making it easier and cheaper for citizens and businesses to access the information they need. Use social media networks to deliver information to the public and to solicit feedback to improve government performance. Integrate ideas and operations with state and local organizations, where much of government innovation is taking place today. Apply the methods of private-sector business planning to the public sector to produce region-specific business plans that are low cost and high impact. These improvements in government services innovations in the digital age can help spur innovation and support a robust business climate. And, as a sorely needed side benefit, they can also serve to eliminate some of the current distrust and even contempt for government that has brought public approval of the performance of the federal government to near historic lows. Authors Darrell M. West Image Source: © Mario Anzuoni / Reuters Full Article
recommendations Webinar: Reopening and revitalization in Asia – Recommendations from cities and sectors By webfeeds.brookings.edu Published On :: As COVID-19 continues to spread through communities around the world, Asian countries that had been on the front lines of combatting the virus have also been the first to navigate the reviving of their societies and economies. Cities and economic sectors have confronted similar challenges with varying levels of success. What best practices have been… Full Article
recommendations Webinar: Reopening and revitalization in Asia – Recommendations from cities and sectors By webfeeds.brookings.edu Published On :: As COVID-19 continues to spread through communities around the world, Asian countries that had been on the front lines of combatting the virus have also been the first to navigate the reviving of their societies and economies. Cities and economic sectors have confronted similar challenges with varying levels of success. What best practices have been… Full Article
recommendations Helping the Roma in Bulgaria: Recommendations to the Board of the America for Bulgaria Foundation By webfeeds.brookings.edu Published On :: Fri, 19 Aug 2011 00:00:00 -0400 The Roma people, the largest minority group in Europe and in many European countries, trail other ethnic groups in almost every characteristic that defines well-being. Perhaps of greatest importance, the Roma are less educated than other ethnic groups. But they also suffer from excess health problems, high unemployment, poverty, and political weakness. The Roma population of Bulgaria is certainly no less disadvantaged than the Roma in other countries. An especially poignant example of Bulgarian Roma disadvantage is that the death rate among children under age 1, a prime indicator of children’s health in any nation, is 25 per 1,000 for Roma children as compared with 9.9 for children of Bulgarian ethnic origin. The mathematics of death almost before life gets started is a symbolic indicator of the Roma burden in Bulgaria. Similarly, research conducted for UNICEF by the University of York shows that the poverty rate among Roma children in Bulgaria is 92 percent, perhaps the highest poverty rate for any ethnic group in Europe. By contrast, the poverty rate among children of Bulgarian heritage is less than half as high at 43 percent.It is not surprising, then, that over at least the past decade, the European Union (EU) and most European governments, joined by the Open Society Foundation, the World Bank, and other organizations, have created important initiatives to address all these problems. It is possible to think that now is an historic moment in which European governments and dominant ethnic groups, after eight or nine centuries of the most pernicious types of discrimination against the Roma, are finally, albeit often reluctantly, admitting the problems facing their Roma populations and their own role in creating and sustaining these problems. Equally important, most of the Central and Eastern European (CEE) governments, where discrimination against the Roma has been and continues to be particularly intense, are gradually adopting policies to address the problems. To the extent that the moment of Roma opportunity has arrived, perhaps the most important force moving Bulgaria and other CEE nations in the direction of integration and inclusion is the EU. In the period leading up to the ascension of Bulgaria and other CEE nations to membership in the EU, all the new member states were required to meet a host of conditions required by the EU as the price of admission. Among these conditions were laws outlawing discrimination and requiring equality of educational opportunity. The CEE nations complied with the EU directive to pass such laws, but implementation of the laws in Bulgaria and other nations has been something less than aggressive. Nor is EU ascension the only force driving the CEE nations to reduce discrimination against the Roma and other minorities. The Open Society, the World Bank, and a number of other private organizations, including several Roma nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), have initiated a sweeping program to promote inclusion of the Roma in the civil society of the CEE nations. Called the “Decade of Roma Inclusion” (2005-2015) the initiative is notable for getting all the CEE nations (plus Spain) to participate, to commit themselves to activities designed to promote inclusion and nondiscrimination, and to make a financial commitment to a fund administered by the World Bank to promote the initiative. As a part of the initiative, Bulgaria and the other participating nations originated ten-year action plans. The Bulgarian action plan, the purpose of which is to create a set of goals and activities that will promote Roma integration, includes proposals for education, health care, housing, employment, discrimination and equal opportunity, and culture. An important part of the Decade program was the establishment of the Roma Education Fund in 2005. Eight nations (Canada, Greece, Ireland, Netherlands, Slovenia, Sweden, Switzerland, and the UK), as well as several international agencies including the Open Society, pledged a total of 34 million Euros to support Fund activities during the Roma decade. The major goal of the fund is to “support policies and programs which ensure quality education for Roma, including the desegregation of education systems.” By joining the EU, Bulgaria and the other CEE nations brought themselves into a well-developed culture of inclusion and a complex system of interlocking laws and agencies that not only outlaw exclusion and discrimination, but provide funds to implement inclusion policies and to monitor the extent to which EU nations are aggressively implementing these laws. The laws and directives include the EU Charter of Fundamental Rights, the European Commission against Racism and Intolerance, the Racial Equality Directive, and several others. It would be a mistake to conclude that every EU member, even the original 15 EU nations with relatively more advanced economies and longer histories as democracies than the CEE nations, faithfully implement every component of the various legal requirements of being an EU member. Even so, EU requirements and funds have initiated both profound legal changes and a host of programs to increase the social, economic, political, and cultural inclusion of the Roma as well as studies and evaluations that bring some light to the actual situation of the Roma and other minorities in member nations. Given the all but inevitable distance between the laws on inclusion and discrimination the CEE nations passed in order to join the EU and the actual implementation of those laws, studies commissioned by various EU agencies and NGOs illuminate the gaps between policies and implementation. An excellent example of such illumination is a 2006 study commissioned by the Economic and Scientific Policy program of the European Parliament. The report is a hard-hitting assessment of the status of Roma throughout Europe with regard to their legal status and socio-economic conditions. The latter category includes assessments of Roma exclusion from employment, education, social services, health care, and community integration. The upshot of the report is that although there may be some progress in these important areas of integration, the Roma are still a second-class group throughout the CEE nations. Seemingly, good laws have not yet produced good results. Laws may be changed, but changing human behavior and culture takes longer. CEE governments and their defenders are reluctant to admit the lamentable lack of progress in Roma integration. In part for this reason, the European Commission, based on extensive evidence from evaluations, surveys, and news reports of often ferocious discrimination against the Roma, felt the need to publish “An EU Framework for National Roma Integration Strategies up to 2020” in April 2011. The need for a new framework is a clear signal that the EU Commission believes the CEE governments in general and Bulgaria in particular are not achieving the results the EU hoped for when it approved these nations for EU membership and is therefore trying to push the governments of these nations into further action. Following publication of the Framework, the Open Society released one of the most thorough and provocative reports on the situation faced by the Roma in Europe and strategies that should be adopted to attack the wide range of Roma disadvantages. Appropriately entitled “Beyond Rhetoric,” the Open Society report includes entire chapters on two issues that I will examine in more detail below. First, the Open Society strongly recommends that nations collect ethnically disaggregated data. Logically enough, the report holds that it is impossible to document the effects of policy initiatives on the Roma and other groups unless outcome data, including measures of health, education, housing, employment, income, and death rates by age, are collected for individual ethnic groups. So important are ethnically disaggregated data that the report goes so far as to recommend that, if necessary, governments should change their statistical systems to “incorporate ethnic data components into regular statistical surveys.” A second recommendation that deserves special attention is the report’s emphasis on early childhood education and care. Virtually every report about the Roma emphasizes the vital importance of education in fighting Roma exclusion, but the Open Society report strongly recommends that nations implementing the EU Framework should “give urgent consideration” to establishing an early child development fund to “support innovative early development programs and allow for scale up of what works.” Beyond these specific recommendations, the Open Society report emphasizes that the EU Commission stated explicitly in its Framework document that “member states do not properly use EU money for the purpose of effective social and economic integration of Roma. As if this judgment, which seems to represent the views of many EU agencies, the World Bank, the Open Society, and many Roma groups themselves, needed additional reinforcement, a United Nations expert on minority issues visited Bulgaria this summer and called upon the government to “turn its policies on Roma integration into concrete action.” She went on to give what seems to represent the views of all these groups on the flaws in the Bulgarian government’s approach to fighting Roma exclusion: “Many policies seem to remain largely only rhetorical undertakings aimed at external audiences – official commitments that are not fulfilled in practice.” The result, according to the UN expert, is that “all the evidence demonstrates that Roma remain in desperate circumstances at the very bottom of the socio-economic ladder.” In particular, she mentioned that the access of Roma children to quality education “remains overwhelmingly unfulfilled.” If CEE nations are now entering a period in which governments will be working, often ineffectively or at a very modest pace, to improve the conditions of the Roma, judging by the efforts of other nations to reduce discrimination against minority groups and by the stately rate of progress so far in the CEE nations, it can be assumed that the fight for Roma equality in Bulgaria will be measured in decades. In the U.S., for example, the Civil Rights movement of the 1950s and 1960s was largely successful. By the mid-1960s, vital court decisions had dismantled major parts of the system of legal discrimination against blacks and the federal government had enacted programs to ensure voting rights and other fundamental rights to blacks. To enhance the legal war on poverty and discrimination, the federal government also initiated an army of social programs designed to boost the education, health, employment, housing, and political participation of the poor in general and blacks in particular. Yet today, nearly half a century after achieving legal rights and the initiation of large-scale government inclusion programs, blacks (and Hispanics) still trail whites by large margins in education, income, housing, poverty levels, and health. Although achieving significant progress against discrimination may require decades or generations, discrimination will not diminish until strong legal, economic, and social forces are mobilized against it. Expecting a long struggle cannot be a reason not to begin. If the history of making substantial progress in overcoming ethnic discrimination in the U.S. can serve as a rough comparison to the situation of the Roma in CEE nations, several factors are going to be vital in the fight of the Roma to overcome discrimination and exclusion in Bulgaria and throughout Europe. These factors include an antidiscrimination plan, aggressive implementation of the plan by all levels of government, leadership by the Roma themselves, educational progress by Roma children and young adults, political activism by the Roma people, a media committed to accurate reporting and fairness, and a civil society that reflects underlying public opinion favoring integration and opposed to discrimination. Most of these factors appear to be present in Bulgaria, often in rudimentary and brittle form, but present and in many cases moving in the right direction nonetheless. The progress that is just now beginning can be greatly enhanced by the efforts of groups that have the resources, the will, and the vision to roll up their sleeves and help promote Roma inclusion. Downloads Download the Full Paper Authors Ron Haskins Full Article
recommendations Recommendations to Foster Prosperity in Ohio By webfeeds.brookings.edu Published On :: Wed, 10 Sep 2008 16:57:36 -0400 Bruce Katz offers a number of key recommendations to foster prosperity in the Buckeye state. Full Article
recommendations Webinar: Reopening and revitalization in Asia – Recommendations from cities and sectors By webfeeds.brookings.edu Published On :: As COVID-19 continues to spread through communities around the world, Asian countries that had been on the front lines of combatting the virus have also been the first to navigate the reviving of their societies and economies. Cities and economic sectors have confronted similar challenges with varying levels of success. What best practices have been… Full Article
recommendations Webinar: Reopening and revitalization in Asia – Recommendations from cities and sectors By webfeeds.brookings.edu Published On :: As COVID-19 continues to spread through communities around the world, Asian countries that had been on the front lines of combatting the virus have also been the first to navigate the reviving of their societies and economies. Cities and economic sectors have confronted similar challenges with varying levels of success. What best practices have been… Full Article
recommendations Joint recommendations of Brookings and AEI scholars to reduce health care costs By webfeeds.brookings.edu Published On :: Fri, 01 Mar 2019 17:09:42 +0000 The Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions recently requested recommendations from health policy experts at the American Enterprise Institute (AEI) and the Brookings Institution regarding policies that could reduce health care costs. A group of AEI and Brookings fellows jointly proposed recommendations aimed at four main goals: improving incentives in private insurance, removing… Full Article
recommendations Webinar: Reopening and revitalization in Asia – Recommendations from cities and sectors By webfeeds.brookings.edu Published On :: As COVID-19 continues to spread through communities around the world, Asian countries that had been on the front lines of combatting the virus have also been the first to navigate the reviving of their societies and economies. Cities and economic sectors have confronted similar challenges with varying levels of success. What best practices have been… Full Article
