Jautzy, J J; Savard, M M; Lavoie, D; Ardakani, O H; Dhillon, R S; Defliese, W F; Castagner, A. Journal of the Geological Society vol. 178, issue 1, jgs2020-102, 2020 p. 1-11, https://doi.org/10.1144/jgs2020-102
<a href="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/20200066.jpg"><img src="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/20200066.jpg" title="Journal of the Geological Society vol. 178, issue 1, jgs2020-102, 2020 p. 1-11, https://doi.org/10.1144/jgs2020-102" height="150" border="1" /></a>

Berman, R G; Camacho, A. Geological Survey of Canada, Open File 8703, 2020, 20 pages, https://doi.org/10.4095/321633
<a href="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/of8703.jpg"><img src="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/of8703.jpg" title="Geological Survey of Canada, Open File 8703, 2020, 20 pages, https://doi.org/10.4095/321633" height="150" border="1" /></a>

Camacho, A; Berman, R G; Sanborn-Barrie, M. Geological Survey of Canada, Open File 8625, 2020, 77 pages, https://doi.org/10.4095/315135
<a href="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/of8625.jpg"><img src="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/of8625.jpg" title="Geological Survey of Canada, Open File 8625, 2020, 77 pages, https://doi.org/10.4095/315135" height="150" border="1" /></a>

Jefferson, C W; Potter, E G; Rainbird, R H; Davis, W; Card, C; Bosman, S; Ramaekers, P. GAC-MAC 2021; Geological Association of Canada-Mineralogical Association of Canada, Joint Annual Meeting, Abstracts Volume vol. 44, 2021 p. 151
<a href="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/20210215.jpg"><img src="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/20210215.jpg" title="GAC-MAC 2021; Geological Association of Canada-Mineralogical Association of Canada, Joint Annual Meeting, Abstracts Volume vol. 44, 2021 p. 151" height="150" border="1" /></a>

Savard, M M; Jautzy, J J; Lavoie, D; Dhillon, R S; Defliese, W. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta vol. 298, 2021 p. 43-54, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2021.01.041
<a href="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/20200080.jpg"><img src="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/20200080.jpg" title="Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta vol. 298, 2021 p. 43-54, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gca.2021.01.041" height="150" border="1" /></a>

Re-release; Tschirhart, V; Pehrsson, S; Wodicka, N; Percival, J A; Jefferson, C W; Peterson, T; Berman, R G. Geological Survey of Canada, Preprint 3, 2022, 47 pages, https://doi.org/10.4095/330639
<a href="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/gid_330639.jpg"><img src="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/gid_330639.jpg" title="Geological Survey of Canada, Preprint 3, 2022, 47 pages, https://doi.org/10.4095/330639" height="150" border="1" /></a>

Kellett, D A; Coutand, I; Zagorevski, A; Grujic, D; Dewing, K. Geological Survey of Canada, Open File 8879, 2022, 1 sheet, https://doi.org/10.4095/329781
<a href="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/gid_329781.jpg"><img src="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/gid_329781.jpg" title="Geological Survey of Canada, Open File 8879, 2022, 1 sheet, https://doi.org/10.4095/329781" height="150" border="1" /></a>

Soucy La Roche, R; Dyer, S C; Zagorevski, A; Cottle, J M; Gaidies, F. Lithos 7708357, 2022, 1-29 pages, https://doi.org/10.2113/2022/7708357
<a href="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/20210423.jpg"><img src="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/20210423.jpg" title="Lithos 7708357, 2022, 1-29 pages, https://doi.org/10.2113/2022/7708357" height="150" border="1" /></a>

Jefferson, C W; Rainbird, R H; Young, G M; White, J C; Tschirhart, V L; Creaser, R A. Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences vol. 60, 2023 p. 1005-1039, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjes-2022-0077
<a href="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/20220600.jpg"><img src="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/20220600.jpg" title="Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences vol. 60, 2023 p. 1005-1039, https://doi.org/10.1139/cjes-2022-0077" height="150" border="1" /></a>

Tschirhart, V; Pehrsson, S; Wodicka, N; Percival, J; Jefferson, C; Peterson, T; Berman, R. Canada's northern Shield: new perspectives from the Geoscience for Energy and Minerals Program; Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin 612, 2024 p. 295-325, https://doi.org/10.4095/332502
<a href="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/gid_332502.jpg"><img src="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/gid_332502.jpg" title="Canada's northern Shield: new perspectives from the Geoscience for Energy and Minerals Program; Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin 612, 2024 p. 295-325, https://doi.org/10.4095/332502" height="150" border="1" /></a>

Jefferson, C W; Pehrsson, S; Tschirhart, V; Peterson, T; Chorlton, L; Bethune, K; White, J C; Davis, W; McNicoll, V; Paulen, R C; Rayner, N. Canada's northern Shield: new perspectives from the Geoscience for Energy and Minerals Program; Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin 612, 2024 p. 163-281, https://doi.org/10.4095/332499
<a href="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/gid_332499.jpg"><img src="https://geoscan.nrcan.gc.ca/images/geoscan/gid_332499.jpg" title="Canada's northern Shield: new perspectives from the Geoscience for Energy and Minerals Program; Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin 612, 2024 p. 163-281, https://doi.org/10.4095/332499" height="150" border="1" /></a>

The behavior of catalysts that promote chemical reactions is not always straightforward. Using a combination of experiments and computer simulations, scientists now understand how oxygen affects the way the catalyst copper oxide reacts with hydrogen versus carbon monoxide gases and how to control and enhance related chemical reactions.

"Geminus", новое видео ROSSOMETILE, доступно для просмотра ниже. Этот трек взят из нового альбома "Gehenna", выпущенного десятого мая:

"Gehenna"
"Voci Dal Deserto"
"Magdalena"
"Pasionaria (Frida)"
"Sangue e Seduzione"
"La Rosa d’Inverno"
"Dat Melti Min Modir"
"Valhalla"
"Stella del Mattino"
"Geminus"
"Duet With Satan"
"The Dying Mermaid"
#Rossometile
Видео: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=x9XMHwkX7Yo

Shania en Kenji delen soms té intieme details over hun seksleven met mama Kelly Pfaff: “Sam begint ervan te zweten”  Het Laatste NieuwsHele verhaal bekijken via Google Nieuws

1. "Met een laptop vanuit de keuken": Magnumfotograaf Carl De Keyzer maakt met AI controversiële fotoreeks over Rusland  VRT.be
2. Magnumfotograaf Carl De Keyzer krijgt haatreacties voor zijn virtuele beelden  De Standaard
3. “Dit is geen lui project, ik heb zes maanden tot zes uur per dag aan mijn computer gezeten”: topfotograaf Carl De Keyzer maakt nieuw boek met AI  Het Nieuwsblad
4. ‘Op Instagram brak de hel los’: Carl De Keyzer gebruikt AI voor nieuwe fotoreeks over Rusland en daar is niet iedereen gelukkig mee  De Morgen

1. Samsung introduceert de Galaxy A16-serie, met twee nieuwe toestellen  Samsung Newsroom België
2. Samsung A16 4G kost 199 euro, 30 euro minder dan 5G-variant - Tablets en telefoons - Nieuws  Tweakers
3. De nieuwe Samsung Galaxy A16 van €199 heeft wat de iPhone 16 niet heeft  Bright.nl
4. Samsung lanceert nog goedkopere Galaxy A16 met zes jaar ondersteuning  TechPulse

1. Aantal abonnees Spotify groeit met 12 procent in een jaar - Beeld en geluid - Nieuws  Tweakers
2. Spotify klimt naar record  De Tijd
3. Spotify niet langer verliesgevend, maakt voor het derde kwartaal op rij winst  NU.nl
4. Muziekstreamer Spotify wipt over kwart miljard betalende gebruikers  De Tijd
5. Spotify winst derde kwartaal 2024 overtreft verwachtingen  Business AM

1. Al 21.000 arbeiders omgekomen bij bouw 170 kilometer lang appartementsblok in Saudi-Arabië, blijkt uit Britse docu  De Morgen
2. Al 21.000 arbeiders om het leven gekomen bij bouw van waanzinnig 170 kilometer lang appartementsblok in Saudi-Arabië  Het Laatste Nieuws

1. Persoon schiet pakketjes over Brugse gevangenismuur met katapult  De Standaard
2. Man schiet pakketjes over gevangenismuur in Brugge met grote katapult  VRT.be
3. KIJK. Zelfs terwijl fietser passeert, doet hij onverminderd voort: man schiet met katapult pakketjes over gevangenismuur in Brugge  Het Laatste Nieuws
4. Onbe­ken­de schiet pak­ket­je over gevan­ge­nis­muur met kata­pult: vaak gebruik­te techniek”  Focus en WTV
5. Opmerkelijk beeld: man schiet pakketjes over gevangenismuur  Telegraaf.nl

Vijf gewonden bij kettingbotsing met twaalf vrachtwagens op E19  De MorgenHele verhaal bekijken via Google Nieuws

My entryway has never looked better. READ MORE...

Filed under: Food and Drink, North America, United States

Traveling "home" this holiday season? Don't fall into your old routine. Your high school hangout may be an easy go-to, but if you don't live there anymore there's a good chance you're missing out on some great new local spots. (Plus, be honest: you already know what all your classmates are up to from Facebook.)

We turned to local writers to help you rediscover your hometown over Thanksgiving and the winter holidays. Each city guide features a great new restaurant to try while you're in town, a cool neighborhood that wasn't on the radar last year or a store where you can pick up a keepsake to bring your old home back to your new home. We'll also catch you up to speed on the hot topics of conversation in each city, so you'll come back savvy enough to join the local sports banter or eat your holiday weight in Cronuts.

Click your city below to learn what's new since the last time you went home:

Continue reading Discover Something New at Home this Holiday Season

Discover Something New at Home this Holiday Season originally appeared on Gadling on Mon, 25 Nov 2013 12:15:00 EST. Please see our terms for use of feeds.

Permalink | Email this | Comments

Filed under: Food and Drink, North America, United States

Traveling "home" this holiday season? Don't fall into your old routine. Your high school hangout may be an easy go-to, but if you don't live there anymore there's a good chance you're missing out on some great new local spots. (Plus, be honest: you already know what all your classmates are up to from Facebook.)

AOL Travel turned to local writers to help you rediscover your hometown over the winter holidays. Each city guide features a great new restaurant to try while you're in town, a cool neighborhood that wasn't on the radar last year or a store where you can pick up a keepsake to bring your old home back to your new home. AOL Travel also will catch you up to speed on the hot topics of conversation in each city, so you'll come back savvy enough to join the local sports banter or eat your holiday weight in Cronuts.

Click your city below to learn what's new since the last time you went home:

Continue reading Discover Something New at Home this Holiday Season

Discover Something New at Home this Holiday Season originally appeared on Gadling on Wed, 18 Dec 2013 11:04:00 EST. Please see our terms for use of feeds.

Permalink | Email this | Comments

Typically, at least two discarded babies are found in the Mamelodi City Dump every week. AIDS Hope seeks to eliminate this horrible reality.

Seven thousand were reported homeless after fire destroyed homes in Lorega cemetery, Cebu City, on 18 March. OM helps provide basic relief.

Jemina (Finland) joined the Transform team in Athens. Changes in travel plans meant she used the metro system—between stations with very special names.

A MDT trainee puts what she has learned into practice as she teaches German to an Egyptian immigrant in Switzerland.

Logos Hope crew member Tom Critchley spent three months in Finland. He shares about contemporary Christian music in Finland, focusing on the metal band Terapia.

On 12 November 2014, after a 10-year journey, the European Space Agency's Rosetta mission's lander Philae made space exploration history.

Background

Asthma exacerbations in children pose a significant burden on healthcare systems and families. While traditional risk assessment tools exist, artificial intelligence (AI) offers the potential for enhanced prediction models.

Objective

This study aims to systematically evaluate and quantify the performance of machine learning (ML) algorithms in predicting the risk of hospitalisation and emergency department (ED) admission for acute asthma exacerbations in children.

Methods

We performed a systematic review with meta-analysis, following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The risk of bias and applicability for eligible studies was assessed according to the prediction model study risk of bias assessment tool (PROBAST). The protocol of our systematic review was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews.

Results

Our meta-analysis included seven articles encompassing a total of 17 ML-based prediction models. We found a pooled area under the curve (AUC) of 0.67 (95% CI 0.61–0.73; I²=99%; p<0.0001 for heterogeneity) for models predicting ED admission, indicating moderate accuracy. Notably, models predicting child hospitalisation demonstrated a higher pooled AUC of 0.79 (95% CI 0.76–0.82; I²=95%; p<0.0001 for heterogeneity), suggesting good discriminatory power.

Conclusion

This study provides the most comprehensive assessment of AI-based algorithms in predicting paediatric asthma exacerbations to date. While these models show promise and ML-based hospitalisation prediction models, in particular, demonstrate good accuracy, further external validation is needed before these models can be reliably implemented in real-life clinical practice.

Background

Lung cancer ranks as the leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. There is evidence that second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure is a risk factor for the development of lung cancer in never-smokers. This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to provide the most accurate quantification of the association between SHS exposure and lung cancer risk in never-smokers.

Materials and methods

Through the use of an innovative method to identify original publications, we conducted a systematic review of the literature, with corresponding meta-analysis, of all epidemiological studies evaluating the association between SHS exposure and lung cancer risk among never-smokers, published up to May 2023. Pooled relative risks were obtained using random-effects models. Dose–response relationships were derived using log-linear functions or cubic splines.

Results

Out of 126 identified eligible studies, 97 original articles were included in the meta-analysis. The pooled relative risk for lung cancer for overall exposure to SHS was 1.24 (95% CI 1.16–1.32, number of articles, n=82). Setting-specific relative risks were 1.20 (95% CI 1.12–1.28, n=67) for SHS exposure at home, 1.38 (95% CI 1.28–1.62, n=30) at a workplace, 1.37 (95% CI 1.22–1.53, n=28) at home or a workplace and 1.27 (95% CI 1.11–1.44, n=24) in nonspecified settings. The risk of lung cancer significantly increased with the duration, intensity and pack-years of SHS exposure.

Conclusions

This meta-analysis shows that exposure to SHS increases by more than 20% the risk of lung cancer among never-smokers, providing definitive evidence of the association between SHS exposure and lung cancer risk.

1. Don’t follow self-healing methods to control diabetes, says diabetologists  The Hindu
2. Study: 100mn Indians have diabetes  The Times of India
3. The Hindu webinar on diabetes management to be held on November 13  The Hindu
4. Combat diabetes with urgent lifestyle changes: Experts  The Times of India
5. Rice University’s ROGUE device implants a ‘living pharmacy’ to combat diabetes and obesity  Express Pharma

Facebook has acquired emotion detection start-up FacioMetrics to push its artificial intelligence (AI) research into building facial gesture controls.

Delhi Metro: दिल्ली मेट्रो हमेशा अपने यात्रियों के लिए अच्छी अच्छी से सुविधा उपलब्ध कराने की कोशिश में रहता है एक बार फिर दिल्ली मेट्रो ने महिलाओं को बाइक टैक्सी सर्विस की बड़ी सौगात दी है। इस बाइक टैक्सी सर्विस का

ఏపీలో వైజాగ్ మెట్రోప్రాజెక్టు నిర్మాణంపై ఇవాళ అసెంబ్లీలో ప్రభుత్వం కీలక ప్రకటన చేసింది. మున్సిపల్ మంత్రి నారాయణ ఇవాళ ప్రశ్నోత్తరాల సమయంలో అడిగిన ప్రశ్నకు సమాధానంగా వైజాగ్ మెట్రో వివరాలు వెల్లడించారు. విశాఖ‌ప‌ట్నం మెట్రో రైల్ ప్రాజెక్ట్ కు సంబంధించి స‌మ‌గ్ర ర‌వాణా ప్ర‌ణాళిక‌(సీఎంపి)సిద్దం చేసిన‌ట్లు నారాయ‌ణ తెలిపారు. ఈ ప్ర‌ణాళిక‌ను ఇప్ప‌టికే కేంద్రానికి పంపినట్లు వెల్లడించారు.

ಬೆಂಗಳೂರು, ನವೆಂಬರ್ 13: ಬೆಂಗಳೂರು ಮಹಾನಗರದ ಜನತೆಗೆ ದಶಕದಿಂದಲೂ ಉತ್ತಮ ಸಾರಿಗೆ ನೀಡುತ್ತಿರುವ, ಟ್ರಾಫಿಕ್‌ಗೆ ನಿಯಂತ್ರಣಕ್ಕೆ ಕೊಡುಗೆ ನೀಡುತ್ತಿರುವ ನಮ್ಮ ಮೆಟ್ರೋ (Namma Metro) ಪ್ರಯಾಣಿಕರಿಗಾಗಿ ಹೊಸ ವ್ಯವಸ್ಥೆ ಪರಿಚಯಿಸಿದೆ. ಮೆಟ್ರೋ ನಿಲ್ದಾಣಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ನೀವೇನಾದರೂ ಲಗೇಜ್ ತಂದು ಎಲ್ಲಿ ಇಡುವುದು ಎಂಬ ಗೊಂದಲ್ಲಿದ್ದಾರೆ, ನಿಮ್ಮ ಆ ಸಮಸ್ಯೆಗೆ ಬೆಂಗಳೂರು ಮೆಟ್ರೋ ರೈಲು ನಿಗಮ (BMRCL) ಹೊಸ ವ್ಯವಸ್ಥೆಯನ್ನು

More often than not in traditional management consulting engagements involving operations, there is usually room for setting up or revising goals, metrics & reporting, and service level agreements. Depending on the phase of development of a company (often couched as Stage 0 [Ad-Hoc], Stage 1 [Functional], Stage 2 [Intrabusiness Cross-Functional], etc. maturity levels by a consulting firm), the next higher-level of metrics and reporting may apply and be a goal for the client organization to strive for.

Where management has to be somewhat careful about applying metrics, however, is how people and company culture play a role in getting everything to work together right.

To put a finer point on things, one can put in place a perfectly appropriate set of metrics and reporting systems for a company yet miss the boat completely on a management-level as to how the results should be applied because of the culture.

As an example in sales operations, I have frequently seen a competitive environment laid out. People's individual performance levels are exposed, and poor performing people are weeded out. This environment can work out in some cases. On the other hand, in a collaborative engineering or product development environment, cooperation may be encouraged.

On a related topic, a friend of my wife and I, Dr. Uri Gneezy at the University of Chicago, has some great research on the relationship between competition and gender. From the research summary:

Gneezy suggests that CEOs creating incentives in their firms should be aware that making the internal environment more competitive might create a bias that helps men, while putting women at a relative disadvantage.

My take on applying this type of research would be to recognize and raise one's sense of awareness to the environment one is implementing metrics in. Although metrics may be encouraged to be tracked to an individual-level doesn't automatically equate to that the environment has to be a competitive one. Choosing a collaborative versus dictatorial management style that is compatible with the desired company culture is a separate choice from metric implementation.

Steve Shu Managing Director S4 Management Group Email: sshu@s4management.com Web: http://www.s4management.com

As I was watching some news last night, I saw this story on the Rachel Maddow show - and frankly, it's a bit creepy. I usually stop watching news by that late hour - else the children run screaming from the information overload. It concerns The Family, founded by Nazi-sympathizer, Abraham Vereide. As I was watching, I was figuring - 70 years ago? Um, right around the time all this gooblygook with William Branham started and the Manifest Sons of God. Actually, it is quite possible that these two crossed paths. (You may also want to check out this site as well.) -- Remember, these men who live in this house, all powerful, must surrender to being shepherded by another - and consider themselves 'chosen.' In other words, they may do as they choose for they are chosen for greatness in God, and will receive forgiveness. -- Note, from the above article: "At the 1990 National Prayer Breakfast, George H.W. Bush praised Doug Coe for what he described as "quiet diplomacy, I wouldn't say secret diplomacy," as an "ambassador of faith." Coe has visited nearly every world capital, often with congressmen at his side, "making friends" and inviting them back to the Family's unofficial headquarters, a mansion (just down the road from Ivanwald) that the Family bought in 1978 with $1.5 million donated by, among others, Tom Phillips, then the C.E.O. of arms manufacturer Raytheon, and Ken Olsen, the founder and president of Digital Equipment Corporation." -- One of the things that we must endeavor to do, is to make sure that we do not come off sounding like conspiracy theories. I detest them - they destroy when we should build up. They weaken us, because rarely ever are they true. First and foremost, this is not a conspiracy theory, nor a conspiracy in reality. What it is, is a horrible use of the gospel - something that men have been doing since it was first laid down. It takes the message of Christ and turns it into something political, something disgusting, something human. -- Instead of calling to sin, these people think themselves above the mercy of Christ. If we are chosen, then we are chosen to repentance. -- While the connection here between Ensign and Sandford will go unnoticed, it is well remembered that the Dominionists have stated time and time again that they seek to bring about a government of [Anti] Christ built on seven interconnected mountains - one of them being politics. Where else to start but politicians.

Doctrines and theology: The 20th century Wesley scholar Albert Outler argued in his introduction to the 1964 collection John Wesley that Wesley developed his theology by using a method that Outler termed the Wesleyan Quadrilateral. In this method, Wesley believed that the living core of the Christian faith was revealed in Scripture; and the Bible was the sole foundational source of theological or doctrinal development. The centrality of Scripture was so important for Wesley that he called himself "a man of one book"-meaning the Bible-although he was well-read for his day. However, he believed that doctrine had to be in keeping with Christian orthodox tradition. So, tradition was considered the second aspect of the Quadrilateral. -- Wesley contended that a part of the theological method would involve experiential faith. In other words, truth would be vivified in personal experience of Christians (overall, not individually), if it were really truth. And every doctrine must be able to be defended rationally. He did not divorce faith from reason. Tradition, experience and reason, however, were subject always to Scripture, Wesley argued, because only there is the Word of God revealed "so far as it is necessary for our salvation." -- The doctrines which Wesley emphasised in his sermons and writings are prevenient grace, present personal salvation by faith, the witness of the Spirit, and sanctification. Prevenient grace was the theological underpinning of his belief that all persons were capable of being saved by faith in Christ. Unlike the Calvinists of his day, Wesley did not believe in predestination, that is, that some persons had been elected by God for salvation and others for damnation. He understood that Christian orthodoxy insisted that salvation was only possible by the sovereign grace of God. He expressed his understanding of humanity's relationship to God as utter dependence upon God's grace. God was at work to enable all people to be capable of coming to faith by empowering humans to have actual existential freedom of response to God. -- Wesley defined the witness of the Spirit as: "an inward impression on the soul of believers, whereby the Spirit of God directly testifies to their spirit that they are the children of God." He based this doctrine upon certain Biblical passages (see Romans 8:15-16 as an example). This doctrine was closely related to his belief that salvation had to be "personal." In his view, a person must ultimately believe the Good News for himself or herself; no one could be in relation to God for another. -- Sanctification he described in 1790 as the "grand depositum which God has lodged with the people called `Methodists'." Wesley taught that sanctification was obtainable after justification by faith, between justification and death. He did not contend for "sinless perfection"; rather, he contended that a Christian could be made "perfect in love". (Wesley studied Eastern Orthodoxy and particularly the doctrine of Theosis). This love would mean, first of all, that a believer's motives, rather than being self-centred, would be guided by the deep desire to please God. One would be able to keep from committing what Wesley called, "sin rightly so-called." By this he meant a conscious or intentional breach of God's will or laws. A person could still be able to sin, but intentional or wilful sin could be avoided. -- Secondly, to be made perfect in love meant, for Wesley, that a Christian could live with a primary guiding regard for others and their welfare. He based this on Christ's quote that the second great command is "to love your neighbour as you love yourself." In his view, this orientation would cause a person to avoid any number of sins against his neighbour. This love, plus the love for God that could be the central focus of a person's faith, would be what Wesley referred to as "a fulfilment of the law of Christ." Wesley believed that this doctrine should be constantly preached, especially among the people called Methodists. In fact, he contended that the purpose of the Methodist movement was to "spread scriptural holiness across England." -- Advocacy of Arminianism: Wesley entered controversies as he tried to enlarge church practice. The most notable of his controversies was that on Calvinism. His father was of the Arminian school in the church. Wesley came to his own conclusions while in college and expressed himself strongly against the doctrines of Calvinistic election and reprobation. -- Whitefield inclined to Calvinism. In his first tour in America, he embraced the views of the New England School of Calvinism. When in 1739 Wesley preached a sermon on Freedom of Grace, attacking the Calvinistic understanding of predestination as blasphemous, as it represented "God as worse than the devil," Whitefield asked him not to repeat or publish the discourse, as he did not want a dispute. Wesley published his sermon anyway. Whitefield was one of many who responded. The two men separated their practice in 1741. Wesley wrote that those who held to unlimited atonement did not desire separation, but "those who held 'particular redemption' would not hear of any accommodation." -- Whitefield, Harris, Cennick, and others, became the founders of Calvinistic Methodism. Whitefield and Wesley, however, were soon back on friendly terms, and their friendship remained unbroken although they travelled different paths. In 1770 the controversy broke out anew with violence and bitterness, as people's view of God related to their views of men and their possibilities. Augustus Montague Toplady, Rowland, Richard Hill, and others were engaged on the one side, and Wesley and Fletcher on the other. Toplady was editor of The Gospel Magazine, which had articles covering the controversy. In 1778 Wesley began the publication of The Arminian Magazine, not, he said, to convince Calvinists, but to preserve Methodists. He wanted to teach the truth that "God willeth all men to be saved." A "lasting peace" could be secured in no other way. His system of thought has become known as Wesleyan Arminianism, the foundations of which were laid by Wesley and Fletcher.

The Wesley family was made famous by the two brothers, John and Charles, who worked together in the rise of Methodism in the British Isles during the 18th century. They were among the ten children surviving infancy born to Samuel Wesley (1662 - 1735), Anglican rector of Epworth, Lincolnshire, and Susanna Annesley Wesley, daughter of Samuel Annesley, a dissenting minister. -- John Wesley was born June 28, 1703, died Mar. 2, 1791, and was the principal founder of the Methodist movement. His mother was important in his emotional and educational development. John's education continued at Charterhouse School and at Oxford, where he studied at Christ Church and was elected (1726) fellow of Lincoln College. He was ordained in 1728. -- After a brief absence (1727 - 29) to help his father at Epworth, John returned to Oxford to discover that his brother Charles had founded a Holy Club composed of young men interested in spiritual growth. John quickly became a leading participant of this group, which was dubbed the Methodists. His Oxford days introduced him not only to the rich tradition of classical literature and philosophy but also to spiritual classics like Thomas a Kempis's Imitation of Christ, Jeremy Taylor's Holy Living and Dying, and William Law's Serious Call. -- In 1735 both Wesleys accompanied James Oglethorpe to the new colony of Georgia, where John's attempts to apply his then high-church views aroused hostility. Discouraged, he returned (1737) to England; he was rescued from this discouragement by the influence of the Moravian preacher Peter Boehler. At a small religious meeting in Aldersgate Street, London, on May 24, 1738, John Wesley had an experience in which his "heart was strangely warmed." After this spiritual conversion, which centered on the realization of salvation by faith in Christ alone, he devoted his life to evangelism. Beginning in 1739 he established Methodist societies throughout the country. He traveled and preached constantly, especially in the London-Bristol-Newcastle triangle, with frequent forays into Wales, Ireland, and Scotland. He encountered much opposition and persecution, which later subsided. -- Late in life Wesley married Mary Vazeille, a widow. He continued throughout his life a regimen of personal discipline and ordered living. He died at 88, still preaching, still traveling, and still a clergyman of the Church of England. In 1784, however, he had given the Methodist societies a legal constitution, and in the same year he ordained Thomas Coke for ministry in the United States; this action signaled an independent course for Methodism.

Did the Denominational name begin on shaky ground? At the beginning of TCotN [The Church of the Nazarene] both Phineas Bresee and Joseph Widney were made general superintendent "for life". This info is from the book by Carl Bangs "Phineas F. Bresee", 1995, Beacon Hill Press of Kansas City. p. 196-197; He goes on to write that the naming of the Church was the work of Joseph Widney. "For Widney, the name "Church of the Nazarene" conveyed nothing explicit about the Methodist doctrine or the experiences of conversion and entire sanctification. It was much more an expression of late-nineteenth-century "Jesus of history" theology, which preferred the name "Jesus" to the more exalted name "Jesus Christ." The "Jesus of history" was not so much the eternal Second Person of the Trinity who on the Cross made a full, perfect, and sufficient sacrifice, oblation, and satisfaction for the sins of the whole world," as He was the human Person remembered for words and deeds whom Christians were to follow as Teacher and Example. Widney's subsequent religious pilgrimage bears out the connoation of low Christology, and also low ecclesiology, that the term suggested." It is suggested that Bresee accepted the Name because he did not know Widney's true theology. To Bresee the name "Nazarene" represented Jesus association with the common man. So what was the outcome with Widney? He became increasing seperated from the Nazarenes and eventually started his own church. "He wrote a number of books on the borderline of politics, history, and culture. These were laced with mysticism and with a core theme of Aryan racial theory (Q. Nazism?). He developed a syncetistic religion followed by relatives and friends in his privately built "Beth-El", A Chapel and Manse of the Church of the All-Father" (or "All Fader")." (P. 214). Notice that this was not someone outside the Naz. throwing mud. This was published by Beacon Hill. Are we seeing sowing and reaping? It is amazing to me how quickly things seemed to change. Yet as we see from the origins our name, one of our first Generals began on shaky ground. -- posted by Robert Bruce Fruehling at 'Concerned Nazarenes' Facebook Page

Johannes Gutenberg was born into a noble family of the city of Mainz, Germany. His early training was in goldsmithing. In 1428, he moved to Strasbourg for political reasons, where he remained for over 20 years. It was in Strasbourg that he probably made his first experiments with moveable type. -- Gutenberg had the idea of utilizing techniques of metalworking, such as casting, punch-cutting, and stamping, for the mass production of books. European books at this time were hand written by scribes in a gothic script with many flourishes and ligatures (interconnected letter pairs). To reproduce this "look" Gutenberg fashioned a font of over 300 characters, far larger than the fonts of today. To make this possible, he invented the variable-width mold, and perfected the blend of lead, antimony, and tin used by type foundries up to the present century. -- Many years of Gutenberg's life are lost to history, but by 1450 he was back in Mainz at work on a printing press. Between 1450 and 1455, while preparing to produce a large folio Latin Bible, Gutenberg is thought to have printed a number of smaller books, a calendar, and a papal Letter of Indulgence. The Bible of 42 lines, the oldest surviving printed book in the western world, was completed by August 15, 1456, and while it is now credited to Gutenberg, he appears to have been relieved of his supervisory position, and his press, before the time of its publication. In fact, no printed material was ever credited to Gutenberg during his lifetime. -- Gutenberg is also believed to have worked on the Catholicon of Johannes de Janua, an enormous encyclopedia: 748 pages in two columns of 66 lines each. In later years, he received a position as a courtier to the archbishop of Mainz, and was buried in the town's Franciscan church.

Gutenberg's printing technology spread rapidly throughout Europe, and may well have been refined and perfected by others. The process quickly replaced most of the manuscript methods of book-production throughout the world. Woodblock printing and manuscript rubrication continued to be used to supplement Gutenberg's printing process. His first major work using his printing methods was the Gutenberg Bible. -- Legacy: Although Gutenberg was financially unsuccessful in his lifetime, the printing technologies spread quickly, and news and books began to travel across Europe much faster than before. It fed the growing Renaissance, and since it greatly facilitated scientific publishing, it was a major catalyst for the later scientific revolution. The capital of printing in Europe shifted to Venice, where visionary printers like Aldus Manutius ensured widespread availability of the major Greek and Latin texts. The claims of an Italian origin for movable type have also focused on this rapid rise of Italy in movable-type printing. This may perhaps be explained by the prior eminence of Italy in the paper and printing trade. Additionally, Italy's economy was growing rapidly at the time, facilitating the spread of literacy. Christopher Columbus had a geographical book (printed by movable types) bought by his father. That book is in a Spanish museum. Finally, the city of Mainz was sacked in 1462, driving many (including a number of printers and punch cutters) into exile. -- **Printing was also a factor in the Reformation. Martin Luther's 95 Theses were printed and circulated widely; subsequently he issued broadsheets outlining his anti-indulgences position (certificates of indulgences were one of the first items Gutenberg had printed). The broadsheet contributed to development of the newspaper. -- In the decades after Gutenberg, many conservative patrons looked down on cheap printed books; books produced by hand were considered more desirable. Today there is a large antique market for the earliest printed objects. Books printed prior to 1500 are known as incunabula. There are many statues of Gutenberg in Germany, including the famous one by Bertel Thorvaldsen (1837) in Mainz, home to the eponymous Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz and the Gutenberg Museum on the history of early printing. The later publishes the Gutenberg-Jahrbuch, the leading periodical in the field. Project Gutenberg [www.gutenberg.org], the oldest digital library [of FREE eBooks], commemorates Gutenberg's name. In 1961 the Canadian philosopher and scholar Marshall McLuhan entitled his pioneering study in the fields of print culture, cultural studies, and media ecology, The Gutenberg Galaxy: The Making of Typographic Man. Gutenberg remains a towering figure in the popular image. In 1999, the A&E Network ranked Gutenberg the No. 1 most influential person of the second millennium on their "Biographies of the Millennium" countdown. In 1997, Time-Life magazine picked Gutenberg's invention as the most important of the second millennium. In space, he is commemorated in the name of the asteroid 777 Gutemberga. A French opera on his life, by Philippe Manoury, was staged in Strasbourg in September 2011.