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Confederate president's name to disappear from Biloxi school




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State Auditor's Battle Cry: Open the Books on K-12 Spending

A West Virginia official turns up the heat on financial disclosure for the state’s beleaguered schools, and ruffles feathers in the process.




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Educational Opportunities and Performance in West Virginia

This Quality Counts 2019 Highlights Report captures all the data you need to assess your state's performance on key educational outcomes.




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West Virginia Superintendent Announces Resignation

Michael Martirano led the state's schools through dramatic budget cuts, academic challenges, and a state-versus-local battle over school construction.




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States Dependent on Natural Resources Face Tricky Path on K-12 Revenue

Governors in several natural resource-dependent states said recently they will have to continue to cut public education funding because prices for oil and coal have not rebounded.




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Educational Opportunities and Performance in West Virginia

This Quality Counts 2020 Highlights Report captures all the data you need to assess your state's performance on key educational outcomes.




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How Layoffs Upend Life for Educators, Students, and Districts

Pandemic-inflicted budget cuts have cost thousands of educators their jobs. Here’s how that’s playing out in five districts around the country.




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Educational Opportunities and Performance in Michigan

This Quality Counts 2020 Highlights Report captures all the data you need to assess your state's performance on key educational outcomes.




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GOP senator: Let high schools decide about opening




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Federal Judge Denies Relief in Challenge to New Mexico School Reopening Rules

In a case that has drawn the involvement of the Trump administration, a federal judge holds that state rules limiting in-person instruction are not infringing on federal constitutional rights.




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Santa Fe schools end in-person learning experiment




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AASA Selects Illinois Educator as Superintendent of the Year

David Schuler, the superintendent of Township High School District 214 in Arlington Heights, Ill., has been named 2018 National Superintendent of the Year.




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Illinois High Court Backs Pension for One-Day Teacher Substitute

A union lobbyist who worked just one day as a substitute teacher is entitled to a pension worth potentially tens of thousands of dollars annually, the Illinois supreme court has ruled.




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In Illinois, New Budget Caps Raises and Limits Pensions for Teachers

The state's budget bill, which Republican Gov. Bruce Rauner signed into law this week, caps annual raises for end-of-career-teachers, lowering the pension they can receive.




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State-District Tensions Swell Over School Pensions

There’s a tussle over the right balance for who should pick up the tab for teacher retirements and how that affects wealthier and less-wealthy districts.




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Educational Opportunities and Performance in Illinois

This Quality Counts 2019 Highlights Report captures all the data you need to assess your state's performance on key educational outcomes.




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Educational Opportunities and Performance in Illinois

This Quality Counts 2020 Highlights Report captures all the data you need to assess your state's performance on key educational outcomes.




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Supreme Court Declines Appeal Backed by Illinois School Districts on Tax Remedies

The court declined to take up an appeal backed by school groups of a ruling allowing some property taxpayers challenge their assessments in federal court.




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Notre Dame WBB puts up highlight-reel performance in dominating Purdue

Dazzling first with a relentless hawking defense that helped force 22 turnovers, then adding an almost frantic-paced offensive assault, the 2-0 No. 6-ranked Irish overwhelmed Purdue (1-1), 102-58, at Mackey Arena in West Lafayette, Ind. Dynamo guard Hannah Hidalgo was slapping, diving and picking pockets all night, making life miserable for any Boilermaker stuck bringing the ball up the floor. ► Snap Counts: Here's who played for Notre Dame football against Florida St.




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South Carolina a unanimous No. 1 in women's AP Top 25 after 2 wins to open repeat bid; Stanford, Oregon crack rankings

South Carolina a unanimous No. in women's AP Top 25 after 2 wins to open repeat bid; Stanford, Oregon crack rankings.




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No. 4 Texas Women’s Basketball Dominates SEMO in Home Opener

The No. 4 Texas Longhorns kicked off their season with a 119-47 win over Southeast Missouri State (SEMO) on Sunday at Moody Center. This victory marked Texas' 13th consecutive home opener win, establishing a strong start to the 2024-2




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Girls basketball: No. 1 Lady Pirates roll in opener

Nov. 11—Class 3A preseason No. 1 Greensburg opened the season Friday with an 81-23 victory over Jac-Cen-Del. The Lady Pirates opened the scoring with a steal and layup by Mylie Wilkison. After buckets by Clarie Larrison, Mary Harmon, Wilkison and Leah West, the Lady Pirates led 10-0. JCD got on the board with a 3-pointer by Brooklyn Simon. It was all Greensburg from there in the first quarter. ...




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Lady Vols basketball schedule for 2025-26 season will open vs NC State in Greensboro

Tennessee Lady Vols basketball will open the 2025-26 season with a neutral-site matchup against NC State in Greensboro at First Horizon Coliseum




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Lady Vols basketball vs MTSU: Final score, Talaysia Cooper logs double-double

The Lady Vols beat Middle Tennessee 89-75 on Tuesday at Food City Center. Talaysia Cooper led Tennessee with 18 points




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Barker, Betts lead No. 5 UCLA women over Pepperdine 91-54

Janiah Barker had 18 points and 11 rebounds, Lauren Betts had 17 points and 12 rebounds and the No. 5 UCLA women rolled past Pepperdine 91-54 on Tuesday. The Bruins (3-0) started the game with an 18-0 run. Ornela Muca, who led Pepperdine (1-2) with 20 points, made a 3-pointer to stop the run.




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Lady Vols rely on best 3-point shooting performance of season to beat Middle Tennessee

Lady Vols basketball relied on its best 3-point shooting night of the season to close out a win over Middle Tennessee State on Tuesday




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Blugolds men’s and women’s basketball have home opener, first games in the new Sonnentag Event Center

EAU CLAIRE— This weekend saw the first basketball games for Blugold men’s and women’s basketball during the Market & Johnson Blugold Tip-Off Tournament. The games were the first to be played at the Sonnentag Event Center, a part of the new $122 million multi-purpose facility which opened earlier this year. The event center has a capacity of 3,500 people for sporting events as compared to the ...




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Women's basketball notebook: Gonzaga got the best from a motivated Stanford team, a sign of respect for Bulldogs

Nov. 12—The Gonzaga women's basketball team has much to learn after a challenging loss at Stanford on Sunday. Losses have a way of exposing a team's shortcomings. And there is much to learn from the worst loss (89-58) in coach Lisa Fortier's 11 seasons. Stanford, unranked in the preseason poll for the first time since 1999-2000, is unranked no more. The Cardinal (3-0) entered at No. 24 in the ...




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New underground gallery & auditorium to open beneath historic Mitchell Library building

Friday, 27 October 2023
Sydneysiders and visitors will soon experience the State Library on a whole new level.




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Openbook summer out now!

Tuesday 28 November 2023
Fishing for a great summer read?




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Openbook’s autumn edition showcases diverse talents of Australia’s creative community

Wednesday 6 March 2024
Showcasing diverse talents of Australia’s creative community.




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Precious personal sketchbooks of artist Michael Kelly find new home

Monday 11 March 2024
65 personal sketchbooks have just been donated to the State Library and will go on public display for the first time.




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Wagga Wagga students first in the state to experience new immersive learning program

Friday 15 March 2024

Wagga Wagga students first in the state to experience new immersive learning program.




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Psychedelics and Neural Plasticity: Therapeutic Implications

Steven F. Grieco
Nov 9, 2022; 42:8439-8449
Symposium and Mini-Symposium




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Intracranially Administered Anti-A{beta} Antibodies Reduce {beta}-Amyloid Deposition by Mechanisms Both Independent of and Associated with Microglial Activation

Donna M. Wilcock
May 1, 2003; 23:3745-3751
Development Plasticity Repair




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Atp13a5 Marker Reveals Pericyte Specification in the Mouse Central Nervous System

Xinying Guo
Oct 23, 2024; 44:e0727242024-e0727242024
Cellular




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Synaptic Modifications in Cultured Hippocampal Neurons: Dependence on Spike Timing, Synaptic Strength, and Postsynaptic Cell Type

Guo-qiang Bi
Dec 15, 1998; 18:10464-10472
Articles




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Right Temporoparietal Junction Underlies Avoidance of Moral Transgression in Autism Spectrum Disorder

Yang Hu
Feb 24, 2021; 41:1699-1715
BehavioralSystemsCognitive




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Aperiodic EEG Predicts Variability of Visual Temporal Processing

Michele Deodato
Oct 2, 2024; 44:e2308232024-e2308232024
BehavioralSystemsCognitive




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Musical Training Shapes Structural Brain Development

Krista L. Hyde
Mar 11, 2009; 29:3019-3025
Development Plasticity Repair




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The Salience Network: A Neural System for Perceiving and Responding to Homeostatic Demands

William W. Seeley
Dec 11, 2019; 39:9878-9882
Progressions




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Targeting Cre Recombinase to Specific Neuron Populations with Bacterial Artificial Chromosome Constructs

Shiaoching Gong
Sep 12, 2007; 27:9817-9823
Toolbox




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A Recurrent Network Mechanism of Time Integration in Perceptual Decisions

Kong-Fatt Wong
Jan 25, 2006; 26:1314-1328
BehavioralSystemsCognitive




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A Systematic Structure-Function Characterization of a Human Mutation in Neurexin-3{alpha} Reveals an Extracellular Modulatory Sequence That Stabilizes Neuroligin-1 Binding to Enhance the Postsynaptic Properties of Excitatory Synapses

α-Neurexins are essential and highly expressed presynaptic cell-adhesion molecules that are frequently linked to neuropsychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders. Despite their importance, how the elaborate extracellular sequences of α-neurexins contribute to synapse function is poorly understood. We recently characterized the presynaptic gain-of-function phenotype caused by a missense mutation in an evolutionarily conserved extracellular sequence of neurexin-3α (A687T) that we identified in a patient diagnosed with profound intellectual disability and epilepsy. The striking A687T gain-of-function mutation on neurexin-3α prompted us to systematically test using mutants whether the presynaptic gain-of-function phenotype is a consequence of the addition of side-chain bulk (i.e., A687V) or polar/hydrophilic properties (i.e., A687S). We used multidisciplinary approaches in mixed-sex primary hippocampal cultures to assess the impact of the neurexin-3αA687 residue on synapse morphology, function and ligand binding. Unexpectedly, neither A687V nor A687S recapitulated the neurexin-3α A687T phenotype. Instead, distinct from A687T, molecular replacement with A687S significantly enhanced postsynaptic properties exclusively at excitatory synapses and selectively increased binding to neuroligin-1 and neuroligin-3 without changing binding to neuroligin-2 or LRRTM2. Importantly, we provide the first experimental evidence supporting the notion that the position A687 of neurexin-3α and the N-terminal sequences of neuroligins may contribute to the stability of α-neurexin–neuroligin-1 trans-synaptic interactions and that these interactions may specifically regulate the postsynaptic strength of excitatory synapses.




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Recent Visual Experience Reshapes V4 Neuronal Activity and Improves Perceptual Performance

Recent visual experience heavily influences our visual perception, but how neuronal activity is reshaped to alter and improve perceptual discrimination remains unknown. We recorded from populations of neurons in visual cortical area V4 while two male rhesus macaque monkeys performed a natural image change detection task under different experience conditions. We found that maximizing the recent experience with a particular image led to an improvement in the ability to detect a change in that image. This improvement was associated with decreased neural responses to the image, consistent with neuronal changes previously seen in studies of adaptation and expectation. We found that the magnitude of behavioral improvement was correlated with the magnitude of response suppression. Furthermore, this suppression of activity led to an increase in signal separation, providing evidence that a reduction in activity can improve stimulus encoding. Within populations of neurons, greater recent experience was associated with decreased trial-to-trial shared variability, indicating that a reduction in variability is a key means by which experience influences perception. Taken together, the results of our study contribute to an understanding of how recent visual experience can shape our perception and behavior through modulating activity patterns in the mid-level visual cortex.




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Brief and Diverse Excitotoxic Insults Increase the Neuronal Nuclear Membrane Permeability in the Neonatal Brain, Resulting in Neuronal Dysfunction and Cell Death

Neuronal cytotoxic edema is implicated in neuronal injury and death, yet mitigating brain edema with osmotic and surgical interventions yields poor clinical outcomes. Importantly, neuronal swelling and its downstream consequences during early brain development remain poorly investigated, and new treatment approaches are needed. We explored Ca2+-dependent downstream effects after neuronal cytotoxic edema caused by diverse injuries in mice of both sexes using multiphoton Ca2+ imaging in vivo [Postnatal Day (P)12–17] and in acute brain slices (P8–12). After different excitotoxic insults, cytosolic GCaMP6s translocated into the nucleus after a few minutes in a subpopulation of neurons, persisting for hours. We used an automated morphology-detection algorithm to detect neuronal soma and quantified the nuclear translocation of GCaMP6s as the nuclear to cytosolic intensity (N/C ratio). Elevated neuronal N/C ratios occurred concurrently with persistent elevation in Ca2+ loads and could also occur independently from neuronal swelling. Electron microscopy revealed that the nuclear translocation was associated with the increased nuclear pore size. The nuclear accumulation of GCaMP6s in neurons led to neocortical circuit dysfunction, mitochondrial pathology, and increased cell death. Inhibiting calpains, a family of Ca2+-activated proteases, prevented elevated N/C ratios and neuronal swelling. In summary, in the developing brain, we identified a calpain-dependent alteration of nuclear transport in a subpopulation of neurons after disease-relevant insults leading to long-term circuit dysfunction and cell death. The nuclear translocation of GCaMP6 and other cytosolic proteins after acute excitotoxicity can be an early biomarker of brain injury in the developing brain.




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TRIM46 Is Required for Microtubule Fasciculation In Vivo But Not Axon Specification or Axon Initial Segment Formation

Vertebrate nervous systems use the axon initial segment (AIS) to initiate action potentials and maintain neuronal polarity. The microtubule-associated protein tripartite motif containing 46 (TRIM46) was reported to regulate axon specification, AIS assembly, and neuronal polarity through the bundling, or fasciculation, of microtubules in the proximal axon. However, these claims are based on TRIM46 knockdown in cultured neurons. To investigate TRIM46 function in vivo, we examined male and female TRIM46 knock-out mice. Contrary to previous reports, we find that TRIM46 is dispensable for axon specification and AIS formation. TRIM46 knock-out mice are viable, have normal behavior, and have normal brain structure. Thus, TRIM46 is not required for AIS formation, axon specification, or nervous system function. However, we confirm that TRIM46 is required for microtubule fasciculation. We also show TRIM46 enrichment in the first ~100 μm of axon occurs independently of ankyrinG (AnkG) in vivo, although AnkG is required to restrict TRIM46 only to the AIS. Our results highlight the need for further investigation of the mechanisms by which the AIS and microtubules interact to shape neuronal structure and function.




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Mu-Opioid Receptor (MOR) Dependence of Pain in Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy

We recently demonstrated that transient attenuation of Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) in dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons, can both prevent and reverse pain associated with chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN), a severe side effect of cancer chemotherapy, for which treatment options are limited. Given the reduced efficacy of opioid analgesics to treat neuropathic, compared with inflammatory pain, the cross talk between nociceptor TLR4 and mu-opioid receptors (MORs), and that MOR and TLR4 agonists induce hyperalgesic priming (priming), which also occurs in CIPN, we determined, using male rats, whether (1) antisense knockdown of nociceptor MOR attenuates CIPN, (2) and attenuates the priming associated with CIPN, and (3) CIPN also produces opioid-induced hyperalgesia (OIH). We found that intrathecal MOR antisense prevents and reverses hyperalgesia induced by oxaliplatin and paclitaxel, two common clinical chemotherapy agents. Oxaliplatin-induced priming was also markedly attenuated by MOR antisense. Additionally, intradermal morphine, at a dose that does not affect nociceptive threshold in controls, exacerbates mechanical hyperalgesia (OIH) in rats with CIPN, suggesting the presence of OIH. This OIH associated with CIPN is inhibited by interventions that reverse Type II priming [the combination of an inhibitor of Src and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)], an MOR antagonist, as well as a TLR4 antagonist. Our findings support a role of nociceptor MOR in oxaliplatin-induced pain and priming. We propose that priming and OIH are central to the symptom burden in CIPN, contributing to its chronicity and the limited efficacy of opioid analgesics to treat neuropathic pain.




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Erratum: Spencer et al., "Regulation of the Mouse Ventral Tegmental Area by Melanin-Concentrating Hormone"




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Atp13a5 Marker Reveals Pericyte Specification in the Mouse Central Nervous System

Perivascular mural cells including vascular smooth cells (VSMCs) and pericytes are integral components of the vascular system. In the central nervous system (CNS), pericytes are also indispensable for the blood–brain barrier (BBB), blood–spinal cord barrier, and blood–retinal barrier and play key roles in maintaining cerebrovascular and neuronal functions. However, the functional specifications of pericytes between CNS and peripheral organs have not been resolved at the genetic and molecular levels. Hence, the generation of reliable CNS pericyte-specific models and genetic tools remains very challenging. Here, we report a new CNS pericyte marker in mice. This putative cation-transporting ATPase 13A5 (Atp13a5) marker was identified through single-cell transcriptomics, based on its specificity to brain pericytes. We further generated a knock-in model with both tdTomato reporter and Cre recombinase. Using this model to trace the distribution of Atp13a5-positive pericytes in mice, we found that the tdTomato reporter reliably labels the CNS pericytes, including the ones in spinal cord and retina but not peripheral organs. Interestingly, brain pericytes are likely shaped by the developing neural environment, as Atp13a5-positive pericytes start to appear around murine embryonic day 15 (E15) and expand along the cerebrovasculature. Thus, Atp13a5 is a specific marker of CNS pericyte lineage, and this Atp13a5-based model is a reliable tool to explore the heterogeneity of pericytes and BBB functions in health and diseases.