Is there a single surge mechanism? Contrasts in dynamics between glacier surges in Svalbard and other regions Murray, Tavi; Strozzi, Tazio; Luckman, Adrian; Jiskoot, Hester; Christakos, Panos During the 1990s, Monacobreen, a 40-km-long tidewater glacier in Svalbard, underwent a major surge. We mapped the surge dynamics using ERS synthetic aperture radar images, differential dual-azimuth interferometry and intensity correlation tracking. A series of 11 three-dimensional (3-D) velocity maps covering the period 1991–1997 show a months-long initiation and years-long termination to the surge, with no indication of a surge front travelling downglacier. During the surge, the front of the glacier advanced 2 km, the velocity and derived strain rate increased by more than an order of magnitude, and maximum ice flow rates measured during 1994 were 5md 1. The spatial pattern of both velocity and strain rate was remarkably consistent and must therefore be controlled by spatially fixed processes operating at the glacier bed. We combine these results with those published in the literature to construct a typical Svalbard glacier surge cycle and compare this to surge dynamics of glaciers from other cluster regions, especially those of Variegated Glacier in Alaska. The strong contrast in dynamics suggests that there exist at least two distinct surge mechanisms. Sherpa Romeo green journal. Permission to archive final published version.

Late surge glacial conditions on Bakaninbreen, Svalbard, and implications for surge termination Smith, A. M.; Murray, Tavi; Davison, B. M.; Clough, A. F.; Woodward, J.; Jiskoot, Hester Bakaninbreen is a polythermal glacier in southern Spitsbergen, Svalbard, that last surged between 1985 and 1995. Seismic reflection data were acquired during early quiescence in spring 1998, just upstream of the surge front. The results were combined with complementary ground-penetrating radar data to investigate the glacial structure and basal conditions. We find no difference between the ice thickness values determined from the seismic and radar methods, suggesting that any layer of basal ice cannot be greater than 5 m thick. Interpretation of the amplitude of the seismic reflections indicates the presence of permafrost close to the glacier base. A thin layer of thawed deforming sediment separates the glacier from this underlying permafrost. In an area just upstream of the surge front the permafrost becomes discontinuous and may even be absent, the ice being underlain by 10–15 m of thawed sediments overlying deeper bedrock. Highpressure water is believed to have been required to maintain the propagation of the surge, and this area of thawed sediment is interpreted as a route for that water to escape from the basal system. When the surge front passed over this thawed bed, the escaping water reduced the pressure in the subglacial hydraulic system, initiating the termination of the surge. Surge termination was therefore primarily controlled by the presurge permafrost distribution beneath the glacier, rather than any feature of the surge itself. This termination mechanism is probably limited to surges in polythermal glaciers, but the techniques used may have wider glaciological applications. Sherpa Romeo green journal. Permission to archive final published version

Sales and earnings grow strongly for most firms, and the outlook is positive for the rest of the year

Big investments are planned in Abu Dhabi, Qatar, and Algeria to diversify away from oil and gas

Funds from the Gates Foundation and U.K. government will help address antimicrobial resistance in low- and middle-income countries

Funds from the Gates Foundation and U.K. government will help address antimicrobial resistance in low- and middle-income countries

Curiosity rover also reports data on the red planet’s mysterious methane plumes

New surface chemistry method answers mechanistic questions that have eluded chemists for 40 years

Researchers are using knowledge gained from rat studies to develop better therapeutics

Food regulation, graduate education among changes put forward

Additive facilitates numerous pharmaceutically relevant reactions through unknown mechanism

Widespread adoption of the chips will require mass production and finding the right questions to ask with the devices

Moon is a good candidate to host extraterrestrial life, but this find isn’t proof that it does

Improvements to device may eventually cut external power demands for buildings by 50%

Chemical educator and Compound Interest blogger Andy Brunning probes the molecular makeup of the molten rock and gases spewed by volcanoes

Type 2 diabetes drug metformin impedes glucose overproduction in a redox-dependent manner, researchers say

Chemical profits continue to rise as the global economy booms

Powered by solar panels and equipped with the latest technologies, the system remained up even when strong winds crippled mobile services and felled electric poles, writes Jayajit Dash.

Butterfly reorganizations are among the most complex subjects in Canadian tax. Be fully versed with the most comprehensive resource available. Now available online, use your subscription to:

• Search research content instantly
• Access your applicable CCH subscriptions; all integrated
• Save research to your electronic client files
• Enjoy access virtually anywhere

This third edition of Understanding Section 55 and Butterfly Reorganizations is an essential reference for tax and legal professionals specializing in mergers and acquisitions. This extensively revised edition is the definitive source for in-depth analysis and authoritative information, including:

• Various technical amendments released over the years that have altered the tax rules governing butterfly reorganizations.  
• Department of Finance comfort letters indicating Finance’s intention to propose additional changes to various aspects of section 55.
• Tax court decisions that have prompted the Canada Revenue Agency to change its interpretation of how section 55 applies in certain circumstances (e.g., in the calculation of safe income) and the meaning of certain terms in the tax law (e.g., "series of transactions", "in contemplation of").
• Current reorganization techniques, practical examples and case studies of butterfly reorganizations within Canada.

Understanding Section 55 and Butterfly Reorganizations, 3rd Edition provides a comprehensive analysis of section 55 in its entirety, including the calculation of safe income. Topics covered include:

• Subsection 55(2): The Basics
• Paragraph 55(3)(A) Exemption
• What Is a Butterfly?
• The Pro Rata Distribution Requirement
• The Butterfly Exemption Denial Rules
• Exceptions to the Butterfly Exemption Denial Rules and Various Interpretive Rules
• Related Issues

Rick McLean, CA, is a partner in the Mergers & Acquisitions Tax Services Group at KPMG LLP and leader of KPMG’s Corporate Reorganizations Tax practice in Toronto.  Rick specializes in and has extensive experience in structuring Canadian and international mergers, acquisitions, divestitures and corporate reorganizations, including public company spin-off transactions. Rick advises both public and private companies on M&A and corporate reorganization tax issues. The book includes contributions from KPMG Tax professionals across Canada who specialize in providing tax advice on complex corporate reorganization and M&A transactions.

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Manitoba & Saskatchewan Tax Reporter newsletter is designed to keep you up-to-date on legislative changes and other tax developments in Manitoba and Saskatchewan. You'll also benefit from practical feature articles and columns written by prominent practitioners.

Updated monthly. Available to be e-mailed in PDF format only.

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Complete, up-to-date coverage of tax law in the province

Manitoba & Saskatchewan Tax Reporter is an essential resource for tax professionals who have clients with business interests in the region. Updated frequently, it provides full coverage of the latest developments in Manitoba and Saskatchewan tax law as well as valuable time-saving tools and commentary. Content includes:

• Statutes and regulations pertaining to:
  • Income tax (personal and corporate)
  • Health and post-secondary education tax (payroll tax)
  • Fuel tax, oil and gas production tax, mineral tax, mining and royalties tax, tobacco tax, sales tax, corporation capital tax and land transfer tax
• Official government publications and commentary related to personal and corporate income tax

Bonus features:

• Provincial Tax News monthly newsletter
• Handy federal and provincial tax charts
• Inter-provincial sales tax charts
• Budget dispatches
• News releases
• Case digests
• Full-text case law
• Administration and personnel charts
• A summary of the progress of provincial legislation

CCH research subscriptions deliver the most timely, relevant and reliable tax information and commentary to Canada’s tax professionals, significantly reducing research time.  

Professionals who subscribe to Manitoba & Saskatchewan Tax Reporter also find these publications instrumental to their practice:

• Alberta & Territories Tax Reporter
• Ontario Tax Reporter
• British Columbia Tax Reporter
• Provincial Tax Reporters - All Provinces & Territories
• GST Reporter
• Window on GST/HST

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Authored by some of the top names in Pennsylvania state taxation - Charles L. Potter, Jr., J.D., CPA; Shelby D. Bennett, Ph.D.; Philip E. Cook, Jr., J.D.; and Sheldon J. Michaelson, CPA, the Guidebook to Pennsylvania State Taxes is unmatched in clarity, practicality and helpful analysis.  This comprehensive and authoritative Guide provides practitioners with insights and guidance on Pennsylvania taxes, with special emphasis placed on tax compliance and tax-savings opportunities.  

Widely used by Pennsylvania tax practitioners and businesses (and professionals in neighboring states), the Guidebook to Pennsylvania State Taxes is regarded as the number one source for practical and concise explanation of Pennsylvania personal, corporate income and other taxes. The Guidebook is designed as a quick reference work, presenting succinct discussions of state and local taxes, giving a general picture of the state tax laws and regulations and highlighting the significant cases and administrative rulings. This annual publication is useful to tax practitioners, in-state and multistate businesspersons, and those who are obligated to file Pennsylvania returns or who are required to deal with Pennsylvania taxes from a planning or compliance perspective. It presents practical coverage of the array of Pennsylvania taxes, including:

• personal income tax
• sales and use tax
• corporate net income tax
• capital stock and franchise tax
• taxes on financial institutions
• miscellaneous business taxes, fees and reports
• unemployment compensation insurance tax
• inheritance and estate tax
• personal property tax
• Philadelphia City and School District taxes
• Pittsburgh City and School District Taxes

The Guidebook explains the background and operation of each tax, and gives a plethora of examples, hints, cautions, planning pointers and answers to commonly encountered real-life problems to help practitioners solve their everyday Pennsylvania tax problems.  

For the user's convenience in determining what is new in the Pennsylvania tax law, a special Highlights of Tax Changes section is included to provide at-a-glance awareness of key recent developments in the law. While this handbook focuses on the law applicable to the filing of income tax returns in 2011 for the 2010 tax year, legislative changes effective after 2010 are also noted with an indication of the effective date to avoid confusion and to assist in future tax planning. Helpful references to both the Pennsylvania and related federal provisions are provided throughout for those who wish to more fully examine explanations and text of the applicable law. Also, detailed Tables of Contents, Law and Regulations Finding Lists, a Topical Index, and an organized presentation of the content combine to make pi

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Available: December 2011

CCH's Guidebooks to State Taxes are the classic handbooks on specific State taxation. Widely used by practitioners and all those involved in State taxes, these time-saving guides are accepted as the premier source for quick reference to all taxes levied by the state, including personal and corporate income, inheritance and gift, sales and use, and property taxes (when applicable). The 2012 Guidebooks are reflecting significant new legislation, regulations and court decisions through press time.

Related Books:

• State Tax Handbook (2012)
• Guidebook to Illinois Taxes (2012)
• Guidebook to California Taxes (2012)
• Guidebook to Connecticut Taxes (2012)
• Guidebook to Florida Taxes (2012)
• Guidebook to Maryland Taxes (2012)
• Guidebook to Massachusetts Taxes (2012)
• Guidebook to Michigan Taxes (2012)
• Guidebook to New Jersey Taxes (2012)
• Guidebook to New York Taxes (2012)
• Guidebook to North Carolina Taxes (2012)
• Guidebook to Ohio Taxes (2012)
• Guidebook to Virginia Taxes (2012)
• Guidebook to Texas Taxes (2012)  

If you would like more details about this product, or would like to order a copy online, please click here.

Personal income tax return preparation is faster and better when you have your clients’ information ahead of time. This tax season, get a running start and stay ahead of the game with Taxprep T1 Tax Organizer from CCH Canadian. The first of its kind in Canada, this innovative solution improves efficiency and T1 results through pre-filled Microsoft Excel® questionnaires that integrate perfectly with Taxprep and make it so easy for clients to complete and return their tax information.

Outstanding benefits for you and your clients

• Significant time savings. Taxprep T1 Tax Organizer is populated with data from the previous income tax year, so it takes only seconds to generate the Microsoft Excel questionnaires and a few minutes for your clients to complete them. The paperless version saves even more time by significantly reducing data entry.
• Enhanced T1 accuracy. Taxprep T1 Tax Organizer is updated each year to include any new claimable items, making it easier to capture changes in your clients’ tax situation. Rolled forward information further ensures you’re working with the right data while the digital version’s automatic import function, combined with a form to review client information, helps to reduce data errors.
• Improved client service. Having your clients’ information in advance gives you more time to review their information, helping you maximize claims and ensure you have all the documents you need for immediate filing. The end result: better service for your clients and a less stressful tax season for you and your staff.
• Reduced printing and mailing costs. Taxprep T1 Tax Organizer works with CCH Portal, a leading edge web-based solution where you and your clients can securely upload and download tax questionnaires and other client files including tax returns. Users of the print version save too, thanks to double-sided forms and single-package mailing for families.
• Flexible questionnaires. Organizer questionnaires are available in short or long versions to suit each client’s preference. You can also custom-design templates to exclude certain sections or to add your firm’s logo, special
  
  instructions and questions.
• Flexible output options. Questionnaires can be distributed in electronic or print format directly from Personal Taxprep. Digital versions can be downloaded, completed and submitted by clients via CCH Portal.* Print organizers include address sheets that fit standard two-window mailing envelopes.
• Seamless integration with Taxprep. Personal Taxprep aut

  If you would like more details about this product, or would like to order a copy online, please click here.

  
  
  Full Article
  
  

Steven D. Simpson, J.D., LL.M

Provides a detailed analysis of the federal tax laws affecting tax-exempt organizations and the tax treatment of donors to such organizations. It offers expert guidance to tax-exempt organizations and their tax advisors on the tax compliance issues they confront on a daily basis and the preparation of the various tax forms they must file with the IRS. It offers unique insight into four key areas:

• tax law and the rules that govern compliance
• reporting requirements
• compliance steps, choices and mechanisms
• accounting.

CONTENTS:

1. Introduction to Tax-Exempt Organizations
2. Distinctions Between Private Foundations and Public Charities
3. Organizational and Operational Considerations
4. Private Inurement, Private Benefit, and Intermediate Sanctions
5. Engaging in a Trade or Business and Income from an Unrelated Trade or Business
6. Political and Legislative Activities of Public Charities
7. Private Foundation Excise Taxes
8. Exemption Application Procedures
9. Annual Returns and Disclosure Requirements
10. Charitable Contribution Deduction Requirements and Information for Donors
Appendix A: Sample Form 1023 and Accompanying Documents
Appendix B: Sample Form 1024 and Accompanying Documents
Appendix C: Sample Forms 990, 990-PF, and 990-T
Appendix D: Publication 557
Appendix E: Publication 3833

Related Products

Form 990 Compliance Guide, 2014
U.S. Master Tax Guide (2015)
INTERNAL REVENUE CODE: Income, Estate, Gift, Employment and Excise Taxes (Winter 2015 Edition)
Income Tax Regulations (Winter 2015 Edition), December 2014 (U.S.)
State Tax Handbook (2015)

If you would like more details about this product, or would like to order a copy online, please click here.

Provides a detailed analysis of the federal tax laws affecting tax-exempt organizations and the tax treatment of donors to such organizations. It offers expert guidance to tax-exempt organizations and their tax advisors on the tax compliance issues they confront on a daily basis and the preparation of the various tax forms they must file with the IRS. It offers unique insight into four key areas: tax law and the rules that govern compliance; reporting requirements; compliance steps, choices and mechanisms; and accounting.

CONTENTS:
1.    Introduction to Tax-Exempt Organizations
2.    Distinctions Between Private Foundations and Public Charities
3.    Organizational and Operational Considerations
4.    Private Inurement, Private Benefit, and Intermediate Sanctions
5.    Engaging in a Trade or Business and Income from an Unrelated Trade or Business
6.    Political and Legislative Activities of Public Charities
7.    Private Foundation Excise Taxes
8.    Exemption Application Procedures
9.    Annual Returns and Disclosure Requirements
10.    Charitable Contribution Deduction Requirements and Information for Donors

Appendix A: Sample Form 1023 and Accompanying Documents
Appendix B: Sample Form 1024 and Accompanying Documents
Appendix C: Sample Forms 990, 990-PF, and 990-T
Appendix D: Publication 557
Appendix E: Publication 3833

Available: April 2012

Provides a detailed analysis of the federal tax laws affecting tax-exempt organizations and the tax treatment of donors to such organizations. It offers expert guidance to tax-exempt organizations and their tax advisors on the tax compliance issues they confront on a daily basis and the preparation of the various tax forms they must file with the IRS. It offers unique insight into four key areas: tax law and the rules that govern compliance; reporting requirements; compliance steps, choices and mechanisms; and accounting.

CONTENTS:
1. Introduction to Tax-Exempt Organizations
2. Distinctions Between Private Foundations and Public Charities
3. Organizational and Operational Considerations
4. Private Inurement, Private Benefit, and Intermediate Sanctions
5. Engaging in a Trade or Business and Income from an Unrelated Trade or Business
6. Political and Legislative Activities of Public Charities
7. Private Foundation Excise Taxes
8. Exemption Application Procedures
9. Annual Returns and Disclosure Requirements
10. Charitable Contribution Deduction Requirements and Information for Donors

Appendix A: Sample Form 1023 and Accompanying Documents
Appendix B: Sample Form 1024 and Accompanying Documents
Appendix C: Sample Forms 990, 990-PF, and 990-T
Appendix D: Publication 557
Appendix E: Publication 3833

Related books:

• Form 990 Compliance Guide, 2012

 

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The world is getting smaller and increasingly interdependent every day. As a result, national and regional developments are, as a matter of necessity, seen in a global framework. States want to preserve their independence but they are confronted with a growing list of problems which they can only solve in co-operation with others. The sheer scale of the issues at stake calls for an institutional framework to give that co-operation a more permanent structure.

It is therefore appropriate in the framework of the International Encyclopaedia of Laws to make accessible comprehensive, substantial and readily available information on the most important intergovernmental organizations, given their importance for the development of international law and intergovernmental co-operation in general. The fundamental changes taking place nowadays at an incredible pace within IGOs render it all the more necessary to put this information within easy reach. Some 55 leading organizations will be described in separate monographs of approximately 150 pages each.

For detailed information on all volumes of the Encyclopaedia, please visit: www.ielaws.com.

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CCH's Guidebooks to State Taxes are the classic handbooks on specific State taxation. Widely used by practitioners and all those involved in State taxes, these time-saving guides are accepted as the premier source for quick reference to all taxes levied by the state, including personal and corporate income, inheritance and gift, sales and use, and property taxes (when applicable). The 2015 Guidebooks are reflecting significant new legislation, regulations and court decisions through press time.

6" x 9"

Related Products

State Tax Handbook (2015)
California
Connecticut
Florida
North Carolina
Ohio
Illinois
New Jersey
New York
Massachusetts
Michigan
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Multistate Corporate Tax Guide - Mid-Year Edition (2014)
Multistate Corporate Tax Guide, 2015 Edition (2 volumes)
Multistate Guide to Estate Planning (2015) (w/CD)
Multistate Tax Guide to Pass-Through Entities (2015)
Sales and Use Tax Answer Book (2015)
U.S. Master Multistate Corporate Tax Guide (2015)

If you would like more details about this product, or would like to order a copy online, please click here.

CCH's Guidebooks to State Taxes are the classic handbooks on specific State taxation. Widely used by practitioners and all those involved in State taxes, these time-saving guides are accepted as the premier source for quick reference to all taxes levied by the state, including personal and corporate income, inheritance and gift, sales and use, and property taxes (when applicable). The 2014 Guidebooks are reflecting significant new legislation, regulations and court decisions through press time.

924 pages

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State Tax Handbook (2014)

California

Connecticut

Florida

North Carolina

Ohio

Illinois

New Jersey

New York

Massachusetts

Maryland

Michigan

Texas

Multistate Corporate Tax Guide, 2014 Edition (2 vol.)

U.S. Master Multistate Corporate Tax Guide (2014)

Multistate Guide to Estate Planning (2014) (w/CD)

Multistate Tax Guide to Pass-Through Entities (2014)

New York Residency and Allocation Audit Handbook (2014)

Sales and Use Tax Answer Book (2014)

If you would like more details about this product, or would like to order a copy online, please click here.

Follows form-based approach and provides a second tax course for students attending Community or Two-Year Colleges.

Features an easy-to-read, straightforward forms approach without complex legal language. It introduces basic business tax concepts and then fully illustrates them with clear examples matched with filled-in forms.

-    Use of IRS forms, schedules and worksheets that develop real-world tax preparation skills and illustrate specific reporting requirements.
-    Filled-in forms that support the explanatory material, so students see actual tax compliance, in practice.
-    Tax Tips throughout the text that offer tax-planning guidance, so students see how to minimize tax liability and avoid costly taxpayer mistakes.     
-    End of Chapter Questions and Problems that reinforce the salient points presented, as well as key skills required in tax prep.  

Related Products

Essentials of Federal Income Taxation for Individuals and Business (2015) (U.S.)
Federal Tax Practitioner’s Guide (2015) (U.S.)
Federal Tax Study Manual (2015) (U.S.)
Federal Taxation Practice and Procedure (11th Edition) (US)
Federal Taxation: Basic Principles (2014)
Principles of Business Taxation (2014) (U.S.)

If you would like more details about this product, or would like to order a copy online, please click here.