Title: First Lady Jill Biden Leaves Isolation After Testing Negative for COVID Twice
Category: Health News
Created: 8/22/2022 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/22/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: AHA News: What Goes Into a Mediterranean Diet, and How to Get Started
Category: Health News
Created: 8/23/2022 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/23/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: Pfizer Asks FDA to Approve Omicron-Specific Booster Shot
Category: Health News
Created: 8/22/2022 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/23/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: COVID Incubation Shorter With Each New Variant
Category: Health News
Created: 8/23/2022 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/23/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: COVID Boosters Targeted to Latest Variants Could Be Ready After Labor Day
Category: Health News
Created: 8/24/2022 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/24/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: Michigan Officials Puzzled by Mysterious Deaths of 30 Dogs
Category: Health News
Created: 8/24/2022 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/24/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: Wife of California Congressman Died After Using Herbal Remedy for Diabetes, Weight Loss
Category: Health News
Created: 8/25/2022 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/25/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: Alternative Medicine Popular Among Seniors, But Most Don't Tell Their Doctors About It
Category: Health News
Created: 7/27/2022 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 7/27/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: For Back Pain, Earlier Is Better for Physical Therapy
Category: Health News
Created: 8/9/2022 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/10/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: Gout Flare-Ups Could Raise Heart Risk for Weeks After
Category: Health News
Created: 8/3/2022 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/4/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: Taking a Shot at Pain Relief After Knee Replacement
Category: Health News
Created: 8/18/2022 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/19/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: Pill to Counter Lupus Shows Promise in Mouse Study
Category: Health News
Created: 8/25/2022 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/25/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: Can Your Smartphone Spot a Narrowed Neck Artery?
Category: Health News
Created: 8/17/2022 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/17/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: Dogs Get Healthier When People Get Fitter
Category: Health News
Created: 8/25/2022 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/26/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: Are Cholesterol Tests Always Accurate?
Category: Diseases and Conditions
Created: 3/9/2022 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 3/9/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: Which Nuts Are Best to Lower Cholesterol?
Category: Diseases and Conditions
Created: 5/10/2022 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 5/10/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: Are Plant Sterols Good for Lowering Cholesterol?
Category: Diseases and Conditions
Created: 5/12/2022 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 5/12/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: Does Coffee Raise Cholesterol?
Category: Health News
Created: 5/11/2022 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 5/12/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: Gene Tests Could Spot 1 Million Americans at Risk of High Cholesterol
Category: Health News
Created: 5/18/2022 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 5/18/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: What Fish Is Best for Lowering Cholesterol?
Category: Health and Living
Created: 5/19/2022 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 5/19/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: 26 Natural Ways to Lower Your Cholesterol Levels
Category: Health and Living
Created: 7/6/2022 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 7/6/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: What Can You Eat on a Low Cholesterol Diet?
Category: Health and Living
Created: 8/27/2021 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 7/6/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: Cholesterol Management
Category: Diseases and Conditions
Created: 12/31/1997 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 7/6/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: Disability Payments Can Help Keep Veterans With Diabetes Out of the Hospital
Category: Health News
Created: 7/8/2022 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 7/8/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: Poliovirus Discovered in New York Wastewater
Category: Health News
Created: 8/12/2022 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/15/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: Torn ACL (Anterior Cruciate Ligament Tear)
Category: Diseases and Conditions
Created: 11/4/2010 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/15/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: Want That Pill to Work Fast? Your Body Position Matters
Category: Health News
Created: 8/17/2022 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/17/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: Lamisil (terbinafine) vs. Lotrimin (clotrimazole)
Category: Medications
Created: 6/10/2019 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/10/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: Swimmer's Ear (External Otitis)
Category: Diseases and Conditions
Created: 12/31/1997 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 6/29/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: Cheaper Over-the-Counter Hearing Aids Should Be in Stores by October, FDA Says
Category: Health News
Created: 8/16/2022 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/17/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: Many Older Women Have Active Sex Lives, But Menopause Can Interfere
Category: Health News
Created: 5/18/2022 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 5/19/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: How to Manage Menopause Symptoms After Breast Cancer
Category: Diseases and Conditions
Created: 7/7/2022 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 7/7/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: Early Menopause Could Mean More Heart Trouble Later
Category: Health News
Created: 8/8/2022 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/8/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: Shorter Menstrual Cycles May Affect Timing of Menopause
Category: Health News
Created: 8/25/2022 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/25/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: Do You Use Mouthwash Before or After Brushing?
Category: Health and Living
Created: 8/5/2022 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/5/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: Changes in Menstrual Cycle Can Come After COVID Shot
Category: Health News
Created: 7/18/2022 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 7/18/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: MS (Multiple Sclerosis) vs. ALS (Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis)
Category: Diseases and Conditions
Created: 6/16/2017 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/4/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: Who Fares Worse After Multiple Sclerosis Strikes?
Category: Health News
Created: 8/11/2022 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/12/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: FDA Mulling Over-the-Counter Sale of Contraceptive Pill
Category: Health News
Created: 7/11/2022 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 7/11/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: Vaginal or C-Section, Method of Childbirth Won't Affect a Couple's Sex Life Later
Category: Health News
Created: 8/24/2022 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/25/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: SIBO (Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth)
Category: Diseases and Conditions
Created: 10/28/2005 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 8/8/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: How Do I Get Rid of Winter Depression?
Category: Diseases and Conditions
Created: 4/27/2022 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 4/27/2022 12:00:00 AM

Title: Gardening Can Blossom Into Better Mental Health
Category: Health News
Created: 7/11/2022 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 7/11/2022 12:00:00 AM

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is highly prevalent in patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD) and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Widely available noninvasive screening tools are warranted to identify patients at risk for PH, especially severe PH, that could be managed at expert centres. This review summarises current evidence on noninvasive diagnostic modalities and prediction models for the timely detection of PH in patients with ILD. It critically evaluates these approaches and discusses future perspectives in the field. A comprehensive literature search was carried out in PubMed and Scopus, identifying 39 articles that fulfilled inclusion criteria. There is currently no single noninvasive test capable of accurately detecting and diagnosing PH in ILD patients. Estimated right ventricular pressure (RVSP) on Doppler echocardiography remains the single most predictive factor of PH, with other indirect echocardiographic markers increasing its diagnostic accuracy. However, RVSP can be difficult to estimate in patients due to suboptimal views from extensive lung disease. The majority of existing composite scores, including variables obtained from chest computed tomography, pulmonary function tests and cardiopulmonary exercise tests, were derived from retrospective studies, whilst lacking validation in external cohorts. Only two available scores, one based on a stepwise echocardiographic approach and the other on functional parameters, predicted the presence of PH with sufficient accuracy and used a validation cohort. Although several methodological limitations prohibit their generalisability, their use may help physicians to detect PH earlier. Further research on the potential of artificial intelligence may guide a more tailored approach, for timely PH diagnosis.

Bronchiectasis is a chronic lung condition which is characterised by recurrent chest infections, chronic sputum production and cough, and limited exercise tolerance. While bronchiectasis may be caused by various aetiologies, these features are shared by most patients with bronchiectasis regardless of the cause. This review consolidates the existing evidence on patient-managed interventions for adults with bronchiectasis, while also outlining areas for future research. Airway clearance techniques and hyperosmolar agents are key components of the bronchiectasis management and consistently recommended for clinical implementation. Questions around their prescription, such as optimal sequence of delivery, are still to be answered. Pulmonary rehabilitation and exercise are also recommended for patients with bronchiectasis. Relatively strong evidence underpins this recommendation during a clinically stable stage of the disease, although the role of pulmonary rehabilitation following an exacerbation is still unclear. Additionally, self-management programmes feature prominently in bronchiectasis treatment, yet the lack of consensus regarding their definition and outcomes presents hurdles to establishing a cohesive evidence base. Moreover, cough, a cardinal symptom of bronchiectasis, warrants closer examination. Although managing cough in bronchiectasis may initially appear risky, further research is necessary to ascertain whether strategies employed in other respiratory conditions can be safely and effectively adapted to bronchiectasis, particularly through identifying patient responder populations and criteria where cough may not enhance airway clearance efficacy and its control is needed. Overall, there is a growing recognition of the importance of patient-managed interventions in the bronchiectasis management. Efforts to improve research methodologies and increase research funding are needed to further advance our understanding of these interventions, and their role in optimising patient care and outcomes.

The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the critical role of genomic surveillance for guiding policy and control. Timeliness is key, but sequence alignment and phylogeny slow most surveillance techniques. Millions of SARS-CoV-2 genomes have been assembled. Phylogenetic methods are ill equipped to handle this sheer scale. We introduce a pangenomic measure that examines the information diversity of a k-mer library drawn from a country's complete set of clinical, pooled, or wastewater sequence. Quantifying diversity is central to ecology. Hill numbers, or the effective number of species in a sample, provide a simple metric for comparing species diversity across environments. The more diverse the sample, the higher the Hill number. We adopt this ecological approach and consider each k-mer an individual and each genome a transect in the pangenome of the species. Structured in this way, Hill numbers summarize the temporal trajectory of pandemic variants, collapsing each day's assemblies into genome equivalents. For pooled or wastewater sequence, we instead compare days using survey sequence divorced from individual infections. Across data from the UK, USA, and South Africa, we trace the ascendance of new variants of concern as they emerge in local populations well before these variants are named and added to phylogenetic databases. Using data from San Diego wastewater, we monitor these same population changes from raw, unassembled sequence. This history of emerging variants senses all available data as it is sequenced, intimating variant sweeps to dominance or declines to extinction at the leading edge of the COVID-19 pandemic.

Most studies of genome organization have focused on intrachromosomal (cis) contacts because they harbor key features such as DNA loops and topologically associating domains. Interchromosomal (trans) contacts have received much less attention, and tools for interrogating potential biologically relevant trans structures are lacking. Here, we develop a computational framework that uses Hi-C data to identify sets of loci that jointly interact in trans. This method, trans-C, initiates probabilistic random walks with restarts from a set of seed loci to traverse an input Hi-C contact network, thereby identifying sets of trans-contacting loci. We validate trans-C in three increasingly complex models of established trans contacts: the Plasmodium falciparum var genes, the mouse olfactory receptor "Greek islands," and the human RBM20 cardiac splicing factory. We then apply trans-C to systematically test the hypothesis that genes coregulated by the same trans-acting element (i.e., a transcription or splicing factor) colocalize in three dimensions to form "RNA factories" that maximize the efficiency and accuracy of RNA biogenesis. We find that many loci with multiple binding sites of the same DNA-binding proteins interact with one another in trans, especially those bound by factors with intrinsically disordered domains. Similarly, clustered binding of a subset of RNA-binding proteins correlates with trans interaction of the encoding loci. We observe that these trans-interacting loci are close to nuclear speckles. These findings support the existence of trans-interacting chromatin domains (TIDs) driven by RNA biogenesis. Trans-C provides an efficient computational framework for studying these and other types of trans interactions, empowering studies of a poorly understood aspect of genome architecture.

Somatic mutations arise and accumulate during tissue culture and vegetative propagation, potentially affecting various traits in horticultural crops, but their characteristics are still unclear. Here, somatic mutations in regenerated woodland strawberry derived from tissue culture of shoot tips under different conditions and 12 cultivated strawberry individuals are analyzed by whole genome sequencing. The mutation frequency of single nucleotide variants is significantly increased with increased hormone levels or prolonged culture time in the range of 3.3 x 10^–8–3.0 x 10^–6 mutations per site. CG methylation shows a stable reduction (0.71%–8.03%) in regenerated plants, and hypoCG-DMRs are more heritable after sexual reproduction. A high-quality haplotype-resolved genome is assembled for the strawberry cultivar "Beni hoppe." The 12 "Beni hoppe" individuals randomly selected from different locations show 4731–6005 mutations relative to the reference genome, and the mutation frequency varies among the subgenomes. Our study has systematically characterized the genetic and epigenetic variants in regenerated woodland strawberry plants and different individuals of the same strawberry cultivar, providing an accurate assessment of somatic mutations at the genomic scale and nucleotide resolution in plants.

Understanding the evolution of chromatin conformation among species is fundamental to elucidate the architecture and plasticity of genomes. Nonrandom interactions of linearly distant loci regulate gene function in species-specific patterns, affecting genome function, evolution, and, ultimately, speciation. Yet, data from nonmodel organisms are scarce. To capture the macroevolutionary diversity of vertebrate chromatin conformation, here we generate de novo genome assemblies for two cryptodiran (hidden-neck) turtles via Illumina sequencing, chromosome conformation capture, and RNA-seq: Apalone spinifera (ZZ/ZW, 2n = 66) and Staurotypus triporcatus (XX/XY, 2n = 54). We detected differences in the three-dimensional (3D) chromatin structure in turtles compared to other amniotes beyond the fusion/fission events detected in the linear genomes. Namely, whole-genome comparisons revealed distinct trends of chromosome rearrangements in turtles: (1) a low rate of genome reshuffling in Apalone (Trionychidae) whose karyotype is highly conserved when compared to chicken (likely ancestral for turtles), and (2) a moderate rate of fusions/fissions in Staurotypus (Kinosternidae) and Trachemys scripta (Emydidae). Furthermore, we identified a chromosome folding pattern that enables "centromere–telomere interactions" previously undetected in turtles. The combined turtle pattern of "centromere–telomere interactions" (discovered here) plus "centromere clustering" (previously reported in sauropsids) is novel for amniotes and it counters previous hypotheses about amniote 3D chromatin structure. We hypothesize that the divergent pattern found in turtles originated from an amniote ancestral state defined by a nuclear configuration with extensive associations among microchromosomes that were preserved upon the reshuffling of the linear genome.

As a major type of structural variants, tandem duplication plays a critical role in tumorigenesis by increasing oncogene dosage. Recent work has revealed that noncoding enhancers are also affected by duplications leading to the activation of oncogenes that are inside or outside of the duplicated regions. However, the prevalence of enhancer duplication and the identity of their target genes remains largely unknown in the cancer genome. Here, by analyzing whole-genome sequencing data in a non-gene-centric manner, we identify 881 duplication hotspots in 13 major cancer types, most of which do not contain protein-coding genes. We show that the hotspots are enriched with distal enhancer elements and are highly lineage-specific. We develop a HiChIP-based methodology that navigates enhancer–promoter contact maps to prioritize the target genes for the duplication hotspots harboring enhancer elements. The methodology identifies many novel enhancer duplication events activating oncogenes such as ESR1, FOXA1, GATA3, GATA6, TP63, and VEGFA, as well as potentially novel oncogenes such as GRHL2, IRF2BP2, and CREB3L1. In particular, we identify a duplication hotspot on Chromosome 10p15 harboring a cluster of enhancers, which skips over two genes, through a long-range chromatin interaction, to activate an oncogenic isoform of the NET1 gene to promote migration of gastric cancer cells. Focusing on tandem duplications, our study substantially extends the catalog of noncoding driver alterations in multiple cancer types, revealing attractive targets for functional characterization and therapeutic intervention.