weight loss

Effect of a Lifestyle Intervention Program With Energy-Restricted Mediterranean Diet and Exercise on Weight Loss and Cardiovascular Risk Factors: One-Year Results of the PREDIMED-Plus Trial

Jordi Salas-Salvadó
May 1, 2019; 42:777-788
Continuing Evolution of Nutritional Therapy for Diabetes




weight loss

Time Course of Normalization of Functional {beta}-Cell Capacity in the Diabetes Remission Clinical Trial After Weight Loss in Type 2 Diabetes

OBJECTIVE

To assess functional β-cell capacity in type 2 diabetes during 2 years of remission induced by dietary weight loss.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

A Stepped Insulin Secretion Test with Arginine was used to quantify functional β-cell capacity by hyperglycemia and arginine stimulation. Thirty-nine of 57 participants initially achieved remission (HbA1c <6.5% [<48 mmol/mol] and fasting plasma glucose <7 mmol/L on no antidiabetic drug therapy) with a 16.4 ± 7.7 kg weight loss and were followed up with supportive advice on avoidance of weight regain. At 2 years, 20 participants remained in remission in the study. A nondiabetic control (NDC) group, matched for age, sex, and weight after weight loss with the intervention group, was studied once.

RESULTS

During remission, median (interquartile range) maximal rate of insulin secretion increased from 581 (480–811) pmol/min/m2 at baseline to 736 (542–998) pmol/min/m2 at 5 months, 942 (565–1,240) pmol/min/m2 at 12 months (P = 0.028 from baseline), and 936 (635–1,435) pmol/min/m2 at 24 months (P = 0.023 from baseline; n = 20 of 39 of those initially in remission). This was comparable to the NDC group (1,016 [857–1,507] pmol/min/m2) by 12 (P = 0.064) and 24 (P = 0.244) months. Median first-phase insulin response increased from baseline to 5 months (42 [4–67] to 107 [59–163] pmol/min/m2; P < 0.0001) and then remained stable at 12 and 24 months (110 [59–201] and 125 [65–166] pmol/min/m2, respectively; P < 0.0001 vs. baseline) but lower than that of the NDC group (250 [226–429] pmol/min/m2; P < 0.0001).

CONCLUSIONS

A gradual increase in assessed functional β-cell capacity occurred after weight loss, becoming similar to that of NDC group participants by 12 months. This result was unchanged at 2 years with continuing remission of type 2 diabetes.




weight loss

Renal and Cardiovascular Outcomes After Weight Loss From Gastric Bypass Surgery in Type 2 Diabetes: Cardiorenal Risk Reductions Exceed Atherosclerotic Benefits

OBJECTIVE

We examined detailed renal and cardiovascular (CV) outcomes after gastric bypass (GBP) surgery in people with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), across several renal function categories, in a nationwide cohort study.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

We linked data from the National Diabetes Register and the Scandinavian Obesity Surgery Register with four national databases holding information on socioeconomic variables, medications, hospitalizations, and causes of death and matched 5,321 individuals with T2DM who had undergone GBP with 5,321 who had not (age 18–65 years, mean BMI >40 kg/m2, mean follow-up >4.5 years). The risks of postoperative outcomes were assessed with Cox regression models.

RESULTS

During the first years postsurgery, there were small reductions in creatinine and albuminuria and stable estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in the GBP group. The incidence rates of most outcomes relating to renal function, CV disease, and mortality were lower after GBP, being particularly marked for heart failure (hazard ratio [HR] 0.33 [95% CI 0.24, 0.46]) and CV mortality (HR 0.36 [(95% CI 0.22, 0.58]). The risk of a composite of severe renal disease or halved eGFR was 0.56 (95% CI 0.44, 0.71), whereas nonfatal CV risk was lowered less (HR 0.82 [95% CI 0.70, 0.97]) after GBP. Risks for key outcomes were generally lower after GBP in all eGFR strata, including in individuals with eGFR <30 mL/min/1.73 m2.

CONCLUSIONS

Our data suggest robust benefits for renal outcomes, heart failure, and CV mortality after GBP in individuals with obesity and T2DM. These results suggest that marked weight loss yields important benefits, particularly on the cardiorenal axis (including slowing progression to end-stage renal disease), whatever the baseline renal function status.




weight loss

Combination Therapy With Canagliflozin Plus Liraglutide Exerts Additive Effect on Weight Loss, but Not on HbA1c, in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

OBJECTIVE

To examine the effect of combination therapy with canagliflozin plus liraglutide on HbA1c, endogenous glucose production (EGP), and body weight versus each therapy alone.

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS

Forty-five patients with poorly controlled (HbA1c 7–11%) type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) on metformin with or without sulfonylurea received a 9-h measurement of EGP with [3-3H]glucose infusion, after which they were randomized to receive 1) liraglutide 1.2 mg/day (LIRA); 2) canagliflozin 100 mg/day (CANA); or 3) liraglutide 1.2 mg plus canagliflozin 100 mg (CANA/LIRA) for 16 weeks. At 16 weeks, the EGP measurement was repeated.

RESULTS

The mean decrease from baseline to 16 weeks in HbA1c was –1.67 ± 0.29% (P = 0.0001), –0.89 ± 0.24% (P = 0.002), and –1.44 ± 0.39% (P = 0.004) in patients receiving CANA/LIRA, CANA, and LIRA, respectively. The decrease in body weight was –6.0 ± 0.8 kg (P < 0.0001), –3.5 ± 0.5 kg (P < 0.0001), and –1.9 ± 0.8 kg (P = 0.03), respectively. CANA monotherapy caused a 9% increase in basal rate of EGP (P < 0.05), which was accompanied by a 50% increase (P < 0.05) in plasma glucagon-to-insulin ratio. LIRA monotherapy reduced plasma glucagon concentration and inhibited EGP. In CANA/LIRA-treated patients, EGP increased by 15% (P < 0.05), even though the plasma insulin response was maintained at baseline and the CANA-induced rise in plasma glucagon concentration was blocked.

CONCLUSIONS

These results demonstrate that liraglutide failed to block the increase in EGP caused by canagliflozin despite blocking the rise in plasma glucagon and preventing the decrease in plasma insulin concentration caused by canagliflozin. The failure of liraglutide to prevent the increase in EGP caused by canagliflozin explains the lack of additive effect of these two agents on HbA1c.




weight loss

The Breakfast That Boosts Weight Loss By 65%

The food lowers cravings for high-sugar and high-fat foods and suppresses appetite during the day.

Support PsyBlog for just $5 per month. Enables access to articles marked (M) and removes ads.

→ Explore PsyBlog's ebooks, all written by Dr Jeremy Dean:




weight loss

Weight-Based Victimization: Bullying Experiences of Weight Loss Treatment-Seeking Youth

Studies have linked bullying with BMI, with overweight and obese youth vulnerable to bullying and its negative psychological and health consequences. However, there has been little comprehensive assessment of weight-based victimization, especially in weight loss treatment–seeking samples of youth.

WBV is prevalent in treatment-seeking youth, who report victimization from peers (92%), friends (70%), parents (37%), and teachers (27%). Providers should discuss WBV in their assessment and treatment of pediatric patients who are overweight or obese. (Read the full article)




weight loss

Early Weight Loss Nomograms for Exclusively Breastfed Newborns

Exclusively breastfed newborns lose weight daily in the first few days after birth. The amount of weight lost varies substantially between newborns, with higher amounts of weight loss increasing risk for morbidity.

This study presents nomograms demonstrating percentiles for weight loss by delivery mode for those who are exclusively breastfed. The nomograms have potential to be used for early identification of neonates on a trajectory for greater weight loss and related morbidities. (Read the full article)




weight loss

Adele's trainer lashes out at trolls questioning her weight loss: 'Appreciate the hard work'

Adele got accused of getting her weight reduced cosmetically




weight loss

Fitness Key to Long-Term Weight Loss Success

Title: Fitness Key to Long-Term Weight Loss Success
Category: Health News
Created: 3/31/2020 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 4/1/2020 12:00:00 AM




weight loss

Dose Frequency Optimization of the Dual Amylin and Calcitonin Receptor Agonist KBP-088: Long-Lasting Improvement in Food Preference and Body Weight Loss [Behavioral Pharmacology]

Dual amylin and calcitonin receptor agonists (DACRAs) are novel candidates for treatment of type 2 diabetes and obesity because of their beneficial effects on body weight, blood glucose, insulin sensitivity, and food preference, at least short-term. DACRAs activate the receptors for a prolonged time period, resulting in metabolic effects superior to those of amylin. Because of the prolonged receptor activation, different dosing intervals and, hence, less frequent receptor activation might change the efficacy of DACRA treatment in terms of weight loss and food preference. In this study, we compared daily dosing to dosing every other day with the aim of understanding the optimal balance between efficacy and tolerability. Obese and lean male Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with the DACRA KBP-088, applying two different dosing intervals (1.5 nmol/kg once daily and 3 nmol/kg every other day) to assess the effect on body weight, food intake, glucose tolerance, and food preference when given the choice between chow (13% fat) and a high-fat diet (60% fat). Treatment with KBP-088 induced significant weight loss, reduction in adiposity, improvement in glucose control, and altered food preference toward food that is less calorie-dense. KBP-088 dosed every other day (3 nmol/kg) was superior to KBP-088 once daily (1.5 nmol/kg) in terms of weight loss and improvement of food preference. The beneficial effects were evident in both lean and obese rats. Hence, dosing KBP-088 every other day positively affects overall efficacy on metabolic parameters regardless of the lean/obese state, suggesting that less-frequent dosing with KBP-088 could be feasible.

SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT

Here, we show that food preference can be altered chronically toward choices that are less calorie-dense by pharmacological treatment. Further, pharmacological dosing regimens affect the efficacy differently, as dosing every other day improved body weight loss and alterations in food preference compared with daily dosing. This suggest that alterations of the dosing regimens could be feasible in the treatment of obesity.




weight loss

Brief interventions for obesity when patients are asked to pay for weight loss treatment: an observational study in primary care with an embedded randomised trial

BackgroundA brief intervention whereby GPs opportunistically facilitate an NHS-funded referral to a weight loss programme is clinically and cost-effective.AimTo test the acceptability of a brief intervention and attendance at a weight loss programme when GPs facilitate a referral that requires patients to pay for the service.Design and settingAn observational study of the effect of a GP encouraging attendance at a weight loss programme requiring self-payment in the West Midlands from 16 October 2018 to 30 November 2018, to compare with a previous trial in England in which the service was NHS-funded.MethodSixty patients with obesity who consecutively attended primary care appointments received an opportunistic brief intervention by a GP to endorse and offer a referral to a weight loss programme at the patient’s own expense. Participants were randomised to GPs who either stated the weekly monetary cost of the programme (basic cost) or who compared the weekly cost to an everyday discretionary item (cost comparison). Participants were subsequently asked to report whether they had attended a weight loss programme.ResultsOverall, 47% of participants (n = 28) accepted the referral; 50% (n = 15) in the basic cost group and 43% (n = 13) in the cost comparison group. This was significantly less than in a previous study when the programme was NHS-funded (77%, n = 722/940; P<0.0001). Most participants reported the intervention to be helpful/very helpful and appropriate/very appropriate (78%, n = 46/59 and 85%, n = 50/59, respectively) but scores were significantly lower than when the programme was NHS-funded (92% n = 851/922 and 88% n = 813/922, respectively; P = 0.004). One person (2%) attended the weight loss programme, which is significantly lower than the 40% of participants who attended when the programme was NHS-funded (P<0.0001).ConclusionGP referral to a weight loss programme that requires patients to pay rather than offering an NHS-funded programme is acceptable; however, it results in almost no attendance.




weight loss

Bill Maher Has the Worst Take on Adele’s Weight Loss: ‘The Old Adele Would Not Fare as Well With COVID-19’

HBO

Adele posted a message to her social media channels this week thanking those on the front lines fighting COVID-19. In the process, the celebrated singer unveiled a thinner frame—and the internet had a lot of thoughts about it, almost all trash.

Enter Bill Maher, noted #MeToo skeptic, with perhaps the most garbage take of them all.

On Friday night, during the interview portion of his HBO show Real Time, the comedian began by placing the bulk of the blame for the high amount of COVID-19 deaths in the U.S. compared to other countries on America’s obesity problem—not, say, the fact that the Trump administration didn’t do a single thing during the month of February to contain the spread of the virus.

Read more at The Daily Beast.

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weight loss

Adele reveals her incredible weight loss in new birthday picture

The 'Hello' singer turned 32 on Tuesday (05.05.20) and when she took to Instagram to thank fans for their well-wishes on her special day




weight loss

Gogglebox&apos;s Jonathan Tapper says weight loss helped him beat coronavirus

Jonathan Tapper says he "couldn't move at one point" and was "really struggling for breath"




weight loss

Adrienne Bailon Shows Off 20 Lb. Weight Loss In Black Bikini



She credits her fitness to one lifestyle change.




weight loss

Adele's former personal trainer speaks about star's dramatic weight loss

The singer shared a post on Instagram to mark her 32nd birthday, revealing her slimmer frame




weight loss

Corrie star Colson Smith almost unrecognisable after incredible weight loss

The Corrie favourite has stunned fans with his new look after taking up running




weight loss

Author Correction: “Dysfunctions” induced by Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery are concomitant with metabolic improvement independent of weight loss




weight loss

Predictors of weight loss after bariatric surgery—a cross-disciplinary approach combining physiological, social, and psychological measures






weight loss

Black Panther star Chadwick Boseman's extreme weight loss leaves fans worried

Extreme weight gain and sudden weight loss have always been matters of concern for everyone, especially actors who have to stay in front of the cameras and in the limelight for half of their lives. One such star who has worried his fans with his sudden and surprising weight loss is the Black Panther actor, Chadwick Boseman.

It all started when he took to his Instagram account to share a video but all that people and fans noticed was how much weight he lost. But it seems he wasn't happy with the fact that he was constantly being asked the same question so he took it down. He uploaded another post where he spoke about his donation that he named Operation 42. This was for the African-American community that he wants to help amid the Coronavirus pandemic. This was a great initiative and all his fans lauded him for the same.

Have a look at the post right here:

But at the same time, as we stated above, they couldn't help but raise questions and concerns about the amount of weight he suddenly lost. A user wrote- "You okay chief? You looked rather odd on the other post." Another fan wrote- "I guess he got tired of people asking is he sick. He took the video down."

Well, fans are likely to get worried as they all love him, but his weight loss could also be for a potential role! Let's not be quick to judge!

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weight loss

Weight loss surgery can reduce risk of skin cancer: Study

Representational Image

Bariatric surgery, a weight loss operation, is associated with a 61 percent decrease in the risk of developing malignant skin cancer, according to a study.

Melanoma is a deadly form of skin cancer, most closely associated with excessive sun exposure. Obesity is an established risk factor for cancer and some studies indicate that intentional weight loss sometimes reduces the risk.

However, evidence for a link between obesity, weight loss and malignant melanoma is limited.

The new findings showed that bariatric surgery led to a 42 percent reduced risk of skin cancer in general compared to controls given usual obesity care.

The study "supports the idea that obesity is a melanoma risk factor and indicates that weight loss in individuals with obesity can reduce the risk of bariatric surgery that has increased steadily in many countries over several decades", said lead author Magdalena Taube from the University of Gothenburg in Sweden.

The results were presented at the 2018 European Congress on Obesity in Vienna, Austria.

The protective effect of bariatric surgery on skin cancer was observed in a group of 2,007 obese participants who were then followed for a median of 18 years.

These were compared with a control group consisting of 2,040 individuals who matched with the participants who underwent surgery on sex, age, anthropometric measurements, cardiovascular risk factors, psychosocial variables and personality traits.

To analyse malignant melanoma incidence, statistical tests were used to compare time to first melanoma cancer diagnosis between the surgery and control groups.

In additional analyses, risk ratios between the surgery and control groups were compared.

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weight loss

Most Diets Lead to Weight Loss and Lower Blood Pressure, but Effects Largely Disappear After a Year: Study

A new study published in The BMJ revealed that weight loss at the 12 month-up diminished, and improvements in heart disease risk factors largely disappeared,




weight loss

Greater Weight Loss Achieved Through Bariatric Surgery Before Diabetes Development

Obese patients may lose more weight if they undergo bariatric surgery before they develop diabetes. Both obesity and diabetes are common, serious and costly in United States.




weight loss

Love Island's Alexandra Cane shows off weight loss in bikini

The former Love Island star, 28, showed off her toned physique in the metallic green swimsuit while she enjoyed a jet ski ride in Spain's Canary Islands.




weight loss

Gogglebox star Amy Tapper proudly shows off her THREE STONE weight loss

Amy Tapper has shown off her slimmer figure after shedding a staggering three stone in just 12 weeks.




weight loss

Alexandra Cane's weight loss transformed her mental health

Alexandra Cane has revealed her internal changes have been just as drastic as the external ones, as she detailed more of her journey on Instagram on Monday.




weight loss

Alexandra Cane continues to showcase her two stone weight loss

The Love Island star, 28, looked incredible in a barely-there gold bikini which flaunted her taut abs and perky posterior during the trip




weight loss

Kerry Katona credits controversial injections for weight loss

The Atomic Kitten singer, 39, looked amazing as she posed in racy lingerie on Instagram on Friday and said she's 'never felt more in control of myself', while crediting controversial weight loss jabs.




weight loss

Love Island's Alexandra Cane displays her curves in backless silver gown after two stone weight loss

The Love Island star, 28, looked incredible as she exuded confidence and displayed her slimmed down physique in a backless silver sparkly halterneck gown.




weight loss

Gogglebox star Amy Tapper discusses her THREE STONE weight loss after overhauling her lifestyle

Amy admitted that it has taken her years to learn how to change her routine and added that she still has a 'long way to go' as she wants to take her journey slowly.




weight loss

Made In Chelsea's Zara McDermott shows off her incredible two stone weight loss

She moved in with boyfriend Sam Thompson and his fitness fanatic sister last year.




weight loss

MIC's Zara McDermott continues to display her incredible two stone weight loss in lingerie

The Made In Chelsea star, 23, showcased her toned, slimmed down figure as she posed in lingerie for racy Instagram snaps shared on Tuesday.




weight loss

MasterChef fans marvel at Nigella Lawson's weight loss 

It's Nigella Lawson week on MasterChef and viewers have taken to Twitter to comment on the chef's suddenly slight figure.




weight loss

Adele shows off dramatic weight loss and ALISON BOSHOFF reveals how she picked her look from pals

ALISON BOSHOFF: Adele, 32 this week, posed for stunning photos in which her 10 st weight loss was evident. So what is behind her makeover, and who's in the glam squad behind her transformation?




weight loss

Glasgow woman shares incredible weight loss

Emma Young, 23, from Glasgow, took to Twitter to share two images three years apart that were taken in front of the same hotel mirror in Tenerife.




weight loss

Myles Stephenson reveals his shocking weight loss after three weeks in hospital

The Rak Su star, 28, who suffered two broken ribs, internal bleeding and a ruptured spleen from the incident, took to Instagram to share a photo of himself.




weight loss

Rebel Wilson flaunts visible weight loss in cleavage-baring plunge top

She recently vowed to make 'positive changes' to her lifestyle in 2020, branding it 'the year of health'.




weight loss

Celebrity PT says Rebel Wilson is 'doing amazing' as he shares her incredible weight loss journey 

She has stunned fans with her incredible weight loss after working on her fitness for almost a decade. 




weight loss

Oscars 2020 red carpet: Rebel Wilson shows off weight loss

She has undergone an incredible transformation over the post few months after hitting the gym with her personal trainer. 




weight loss

Fans express concern for Married At First Sight's Elizabeth Sobinoff after weight loss

Fans have voiced their concern for Elizabeth Sobinoff, calling the Married At First Sight star 'too skinny' after her recent weight loss.




weight loss

Miguel Maestre shows off his whopping 18kg weight loss transformation

Celebrity chef Miguel Maestre has showed off his dramatic 18 kilogram weight loss transformation after a stint in the South African jungle earlier this year.




weight loss

Gregg Wallace tells how he maintains three stone weight loss

Gregg Wallace has revealed how he maintains his three-stone weight loss - something that's made harder by working as the co-host of MasterChef.




weight loss

Love Island's Zara McDermott defends her one and a half stone weight loss

Zara McDermott has taken to social media to defend her one and a half stone weight loss after being 'attacked' by trolls who called it 'harmful and damaging'.




weight loss

Greg Wallace reveals he still loves to indulge on KFC bargain bucket despite weight loss

He recently lost an impressive three stone by overhauling his diet and sticking to a gruelling work out regime. 




weight loss

Olly Murs shows off his two-month weight loss transformation

The singer, 35, took to Instagram on Tuesday to show off his two month weight loss transformation.




weight loss

Married At First Sight's Elizabeth Sobinoff sparks concern as she reveals her extreme weight loss

Fans have voiced their concern for Married At First Sight's Elizabeth Sobinoff, 28, just days ahead of her return to the show as an insider. 




weight loss

Rebel Wilson shows off her weight loss in activewear as she completes a gruelling workout in LA

She's been working hard at the gym this year, after saying that she wants to put her health first in 2020. 




weight loss

X Factor's Emma Chawner shows off 13 stone weight loss

The aspiring singer, 30, who was previously 28 stone when she appeared on The X Factor in 2007, looked incredible as she unveiled her slimmer frame.