The Japanese economy is undergoing the longest expansion in its post-war history, marked by strong job creation and business investment. Government policy must overcome the intertwined challenges posed by rapid population ageing and high government debt to ensure sustainable and inclusive growth for future generations, according to a new report from the OECD.

生産年齢人口（15歳から64歳）の減少にも関わらず、最近の景気拡大のために日本全体の雇用は着実に増加し、2018年には統計開始から過去最大となった。同年齢層の雇用率についても、過去最高に達している。

Despite a decline in its working-age population (aged 15-64), Japan’s total employment has been increasing steadily due to the recent economic expansion, and in 2018 reached its highest level since records began

This document describes the key findings for Japan from the OECD Skills Strategy 2019.

International efforts to improve transparency via automatic exchange of information on financial accounts are improving tax compliance and delivering concrete results for governments worldwide, according to new data released today by the OECD.

OECD Secretary-General Angel Gurría and Japan’s Minister of Finance Taro Aso presided today over a signing ceremony to establish a new centre of the OECD International Academy for Tax Crime Investigation in Wako, Japan.

Fossil-fuel subsidies are environmentally harmful, costly, and distortive. After a 3 years downward trend between 2013 and 2016, government support for fossil fuel production and use has risen again, in a threat to efforts to curb greenhouse gas emissions and air pollution, and the transition to cleaner and cheaper energy.

Mr. Angel Gurría was be in Osaka, from 27 to 29 June 2019, to attend the G20 Leaders’ Summit. The Secretary-General held bilateral meetings with high-level officials attending the summit.

At their Summit in Osaka this weekend, G20 leaders agreed on a range of priorities for which analysis and support from the OECD and other international organisations are playing a crucial role.

Japan must step up enforcement of its foreign bribery laws and strengthen the capacities of its law enforcement agencies to proactively detect, investigate and prosecute the foreign bribery offence, according to a new report by the OECD Working Group on Bribery.

Japan's tax-to-GDP ratio was 30.6% in 2016* (latest available data), below the OECD average (34.2%) by 3.6 percentage points, and above the LAC and Africa (21)* averages (22.8% and 18.2%, respectively).

This country note explains how Japan taxes energy use. The note shows the distribution of effective energy tax rates across all domestic energy use. It also details the country-specific assumptions made when calculating effective energy tax rates and matching tax rates to the corresponding energy base.

Japan displays many excellent indicators of population health, including the highest life expectancy in the world. Still, many people are pessimistic about their health – 14% of adults rate their own health poorly – though this partly reflects linguo-cultural differences. Most people lead healthy lifestyles, with low rates of alcohol consumption and the lowest share of adults overweight or obese.

Key findings for Japan from the report "Pensions at a Glance 2019"

The tax-to-GDP ratio in Japan increased by 0.7 percentage points from 30.7% in 2016 to 31.4% in 2017 (latest year available). The corresponding figures for the OECD average were a decrease of 0.2 percentage points from 34.4% to 34.2% over the same period.

The tax wedge for the average single worker in Japan remained the same at 32.7 percentage points between 2018 and 2019. The OECD average tax wedge in 2019 was 36.0 (2018, 36.1). In 2019 Japan had the 26th lowest tax wedge among the 36 OECD member countries, occupying the same position in 2018.

Cpi Housing Utilities in Luxembourg decreased to 103.52 points in April from 105.45 points in March of 2020. Cpi Housing Utilities in Luxembourg averaged 101.92 points from 2015 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 107.16 points in January of 2020 and a record low of 97.48 points in April of 2016. This page provides - Luxembourg Cpi Housing Utilities- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

Imports: Footwear Headgear Umbrellas & Walking Sticks in South Africa decreased to 677.82 ZAR Million in March from 1283.95 ZAR Million in February of 2020. Imports: Footwear Headgear Umbrellas & Walking Sti in South Africa averaged 1121.21 ZAR Million from 2014 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 1660.71 ZAR Million in February of 2016 and a record low of 677.82 ZAR Million in March of 2020. This page includes a chart with historical data for South Africa Imports of Footwear Headgear Umbrellas & Walking.

Standard & Poor's credit rating for South Africa stands at BB- with stable outlook. Moody's credit rating for South Africa was last set at Ba1 with negative outlook. Fitch's credit rating for South Africa was last reported at BB with negative outlook. In general, a credit rating is used by sovereign wealth funds, pension funds and other investors to gauge the credit worthiness of South Africa thus having a big impact on the country's borrowing costs. This page includes the government debt credit rating for South Africa as reported by major credit rating agencies.

The number of employed persons in Singapore increased to 3778 Thousand in 2019 from 3715.80 Thousand in 2018. Employed Persons in Singapore averaged 2739.03 Thousand from 1994 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 3778 Thousand in 2019 and a record low of 1714.20 Thousand in 1994. In Singapore, employed persons are individuals with a minimum required age who work during a certain time for a business. This page provides - Singapore Employed Persons - actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

The number of employed persons in Angola decreased to 9924.68 Thousands in the fourth quarter of 2019 from 9931.55 Thousands in the third quarter of 2019. Employed Persons in Angola averaged 9643.99 Thousands from 2018 until 2019, reaching an all time high of 9931.55 Thousands in the third quarter of 2019 and a record low of 9073.32 Thousands in the fourth quarter of 2018. This page provides - Angola Employed Persons- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

The number of employed persons in The United Kingdom increased to 33073 Thousand in January of 2020 from 32985 Thousand in December of 2019. Employed Persons in the United Kingdom averaged 27154.05 Thousand from 1971 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 33073 Thousand in January of 2020 and a record low of 23630 Thousand in April of 1983. In the United Kingdom, employed persons are individuals with a minimum required age who work during a certain time for a business. This page provides the latest reported value for - United Kingdom Employed Persons - plus previous releases, historical high and low, short-term forecast and long-term prediction, economic calendar, survey consensus and news.

Cpi Housing Utilities in Myanmar increased to 200.49 points in February from 200.12 points in January of 2020. Cpi Housing Utilities in Myanmar averaged 135.41 points from 2013 until 2020, reaching an all time high of 200.49 points in February of 2020 and a record low of 103.93 points in January of 2013. This page provides - Myanmar Cpi Housing Utilities- actual values, historical data, forecast, chart, statistics, economic calendar and news.

In general, a credit rating is used by sovereign wealth funds, pension funds and other investors to gauge the credit worthiness of Myanmar thus having a big impact on the country's borrowing costs. This page includes the government debt credit rating for Myanmar as reported by major credit rating agencies.

This note is taken from Chapter 2 of Economic Policy Reforms: Going for Growth 2011.

This one-pager note presents key findings for Austria from Society at a Glance 2011 - OECD Social indicators. This 2011 publication also provides a special chapter on unpaid work across the OECD.

An overview of the long-term care situation in Austria is available here.

Austria should eliminate subsidies which encourage early retirement and target social transfers more effectively, according to the OECD’s latest economic survey.

This spotlight report draws upon the OECD report Equity and Quality in Education: Supporting Disadvantaged Students and Schools.

This note is taken from Chapter 2 of Economic Policy Reforms: Going for Growth 2012.

The transition from education to work is not easy for many young people, particularly when it comes to finding sustainable employment with progression opportunities. Recently established national policies to support youth will be only effective if implemented in a coordinated way at local level.

Gains in female education attainment have contributed to a worldwide increase in women’s participation in the labour force, but considerable gaps remain in working hours, conditions of employment and earnings.  More specific data for Austria are available in this country note.

As a further sign of international efforts to crack down on tax offenders, 12 more countries have signed, or committed to sign, the OECD’s Multilateral Convention on Mutual Administrative Assistance in Tax Matters. In addition, another 6 countries have ratified the Convention.

Austria has achieved high levels of economic growth and well-being, but must address serious demographic, environmental and globalisation challenges if future generations are to share the same prosperity, according to the OECD’s latest Economic Survey of Austria.

There are few OECD countries where vocational education and training (VET) is held in such high regard or takes so many forms as in Austria. Some 60 percent of young Austrians aged between 25 and 34 have completed a VET course below tertiary level (vocational school or technical college).

The Global Forum on Transparency and Exchange of Information for Tax Purposes has released peer review reports assessing the tax systems of 13 jurisdictions for information exchange.

The global economic crisis has had a profound impact on people’s well-being, reaching far beyond the loss of jobs and income, and affecting citizens’ satisfaction with their lives and their trust in governments, according to a new OECD report.

Environmental goods and services are now a bigger driver of Austria’s economy and job market than traditionally strong sectors like tourism and construction, thanks to the government’s policy of subsidising green investments, a new OECD report shows.

Note summarising the performance of 15-year-old students in Austria in the PISA 2012 assessment of mathematics, reading and science.

This note presents key findings for Austria from Society at a Glance 2014 - OECD Social indicators. This 2014 publication also provides a special chapter on: the crisis and its aftermath: a “stress test” for societies and for social policies.

Going for Growth 2015: Key findings for Austria

AAustria experienced a renewed downturn in its economy and labour market between mid-2011 and late-2014, with increasing rates of unemployment largely due to slack domestic demand. But there are recent signs of a slow recovery: overall and youth unemployment rates and the incidence of long-term unemployment all started to fall in the first quarter of 2015, if only marginally, and employment continued to increase.

The Austrian health system generally provides good access to care, but the quality of care might be improved in the area of cancer care and in reducing hospital admission rates for chronic conditions by strengthening primary care.

Das österreichische Gesundheitssystem gewährleistet einen niederschwelligen Zugang zur Gesundheitsversorgung, es gibt jedoch Verbesserungspotenzial bei der Qualität der Krebsversorgung sowie der Reduktion von Spitalsaufnahmen durch die Stärkung der medizinischen Primärversorgung.

This country note provides an environmental tax and carbon pricing profile for Austria. It shows environmentally related tax revenues, taxes on energy use and effective carbon rates.

The Secretary-General held bilateral meetings with Federal Chancellor Christian Kern and several high-level Austrian officials.

This country note presents student performance in science, reading and mathematics, and measures equity in education in Austria. The interactive charts allow you to compare results with other countries participating in the OECD Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA).

Life expectancy in Austria is close to the OECD average, but Austrian’s smoke and drink more than people in other countries. While access to health care is good, quality of care indicators show more mixed results. Austria spends more on health than the OECD average.

Mr. Angel Gurría, Secretary-General of the OECD, will be in Vienna on 5-6 March 2018, to visit the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA), where he will meet with IIASA Senior Management as well as with researchers from Mexico.

This note presents marginal effective tax rates (METRs) that summarise the tax system’s impact on the incentives to make an additional investment in a particular type of savings. By comparing METRs on different types of household savings, we can gain insights into which assets or savings types receive the most favourable treatment from the tax system.