Ameren is preparing to test a Canadian company’s software that could someday help usher in a radically different business model for the utility.

Australian food and agribusinesses are boosting exports to Japan by opening overseas premises that directly serve Japanese customers.

Ameren is preparing to test a Canadian company’s software that could someday help usher in a radically different business model for the utility.

The Reserve Bank of India on Sept. 22, 2011 issued a notification on security issues and risk mitigation measures related to card-present transactions.

The Reserve Bank of India on Sept. 22, 2011 issued a notification on security issues and risk mitigation measures related to card-present transactions.

The Reserve Bank of India on Sept. 22, 2011 issued a notification on security issues and risk mitigation measures related to card-present transactions.

The Reserve Bank of India on Sept. 22, 2011 issued a notification on security issues and risk mitigation measures related to card-present transactions.

The Reserve Bank of India has updated its mobile banking circular, dated Dec. 24, 2009, removing the 50,000 Rupees per customer, per day limit.

The Reserve Bank of India on Sept. 22, 2011 issued a notification on security issues and risk mitigation measures related to card-present transactions.

Lehman Brothers, the fourth largest investment bank in the US, filed for bankruptcy this morning.   If you have funds which have entered into OTC derivatives contracts with Lehmans under an ISDA Master Agreement you may be considering your posi...

Ury Estate Limited v BP Exploration Operating Company Limited [2019] CSOH 36 A landowner raised a court action against BP seeking compensation for their inability to develop land due to a presence of an oil pipeline.  The proposed development w...

The Government has today announced, just as predicted, a fall in RPI-linked compensation limits. The maximum compensatory award for unfair dismissal will decrease from £66,200 to £65,300 for effective dates ...

This article examines an alternative to the two predominant purchase price mechanisms used in M&A transactions in South Africa. When applied correctly, it leads to an expedited determination of the final purchase price and allows for flexibility...

While companies are trying to find ways to ensure health and well-being of their work-force and align those measures with business continuity as usual, it is equally important that deal managers look out for risks associated with the spread of virus...

  Coronavirus: effect on M&A sales process The implementation of sales processes is currently facing particular challenges: bidders are dropping out, financing can no longer be implemented, the business plans of the targets can no longer be...

Coronavirus: withdrawal from the SPA - MAC clauses in the sales contract What is the rule in the USA is rather rare in Germany; so-called Material Adverse Change clauses (or MAC clauses), which grant the buyer a right to withdraw from the purchase...

For companies that are financially stressed or distressed, a sale of the company or its business and assets might be the best exit route for its stakeholders. The desire to exit through a sale is often the preferred method for financial creditors wh...

On Friday 14 February 2020, the International Swaps and Derivatives Association, Inc. (“ISDA”) published the ISDA Collateral Agreement Interest Rate Definitions (the “Collateral Rate Definitions”). The Collateral Rate Definit...

Summary of the communication from the EU commissionInterpretative Guidelines on EU Regulation 261/2004 on passenger rights in the context of the developing situation with Covid-19 - 18 March 2020 Right to choose between reimbursement and rerouting ...

Buyers of immovable property must think very carefully before paying deposits. If for some reason the sale is cancelled, the purchaser remains liable for transfer duty on the deposit that is forfeited to the seller (in terms of section 5(2)(a) of th...

Mustapha Aminu, one of the members of the Jama’atu Ansarul Muslimeena fii Bilaa dis Sudan terrorists group, recently arrested by detectives attached to the Inspector General of Police, Intelligence Response Team (IRT), has opened up on their main aim. Mustapha Aminu and his younger brother Sahid, were among the nine suspects arrested for having committed […]

How we planned to take over Nigeria – Ansarul terrorists

La enseñanza bíblica en profundidad de John MacArthur lleva la verdad transformadora de la Palabra de Dios a millones de personas cada día.

La enseñanza bíblica en profundidad de John MacArthur lleva la verdad transformadora de la Palabra de Dios a millones de personas cada día.

La enseñanza bíblica en profundidad de John MacArthur lleva la verdad transformadora de la Palabra de Dios a millones de personas cada día.

La enseñanza bíblica en profundidad de John MacArthur lleva la verdad transformadora de la Palabra de Dios a millones de personas cada día.

La enseñanza bíblica en profundidad de John MacArthur lleva la verdad transformadora de la Palabra de Dios a millones de personas cada día.

La enseñanza bíblica en profundidad de John MacArthur lleva la verdad transformadora de la Palabra de Dios a millones de personas cada día.

La enseñanza bíblica en profundidad de John MacArthur lleva la verdad transformadora de la Palabra de Dios a millones de personas cada día.

La enseñanza bíblica en profundidad de John MacArthur lleva la verdad transformadora de la Palabra de Dios a millones de personas cada día.

La enseñanza bíblica en profundidad de John MacArthur lleva la verdad transformadora de la Palabra de Dios a millones de personas cada día.

La enseñanza bíblica en profundidad de John MacArthur lleva la verdad transformadora de la Palabra de Dios a millones de personas cada día.

La enseñanza bíblica en profundidad de John MacArthur lleva la verdad transformadora de la Palabra de Dios a millones de personas cada día.

Samsung Electronics said on August 20 that its Samsung Pay service has surpassed the 10-trillion-won milestone in payment volume within two years since launch. Introduced in August 2015, Samsung Pay exceeded the 1-trillion-won level in August last year. Since that time on, the service volume quadrupled for one year's time. An official with Samsung Electronics said, "The volume of out online transactions has taken off since last year, accounting for 30 percent of the total online transactions....

The Rules Governing the Securities on The Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited (the “Listing Rules”) impose certain disclosure obligations on listed issuers when they engage in different types of corporate transactions. However, it has be...

Intro / Summary The Supreme Court has refused to grant Emirates permission to appeal the Court of Appeal’s decision in the joint case of Gahan v Emirates and Buckley and ors v Emirates meaning the Court of Appeal’s decision to award comp...

Turkey has blocked three foreign banks- BNP Paribas, Citibank, and UBS- from doing foreign exchange transactions with the Turkish lira, the nation’s banking watchdog announced on May 7. 

A reader would like to know what they are entitled to after being hit by a car while passing through an intersection.

CARICOM-CUBA SUMMIT Toward the indispensable political, economic and social integration of Latin America and the Caribbean Key remarks by President Raúl Castro opening the Fifth CARICOM-Cuba Summit in Havana, December 8, 2014

Sanjay Leela Bhansali wants to cast Ranbir Kapoor, Deepika Padukone for his next film

dsPIC33/PIC24 FRM, High-Speed Analog Comparator with Slope Compensation DAC

May 20 - A device that projects text or pictures onto scented bubbles has been created by UK-based computer scientists. SensaBubble uses a concept called 'chrono-sensory experiences' to deliver messages its creators say, could be adapted for gaming, education, or even email communication. Jim Drury reports.

A Reuters examination has found that widespread crop damage covering millions of acres of Midwestern farmland has its roots in weak regulatory oversight and corporate secrecy.

German flagship carrier Lufthansa cancels nearly half of scheduled services as pilots continue two-day strike, their ninth walkout this year

The remains of three slaves found in Mexico contain the earliest signs of the hepatitis B virus and yaws bacteria in the Americas, suggesting transatlantic slavery introduced these diseases

Title: VA Clinic Investigating Unsanitary Treatment Room
Category: Health News
Created: 5/1/2018 12:00:00 AM
Last Editorial Review: 5/1/2018 12:00:00 AM

ABSTRACT

While there is no effective vaccine against Chlamydia trachomatis infection, previous work has demonstrated the importance of C. trachomatis-specific CD4⁺ T cells (NR1 T cells) in pathogen clearance. Specifically, NR1 T cells have been shown to be protective in mice, and this protection depends on the host’s ability to sense the cytokine gamma interferon (IFN-). However, it is unclear what role NR1 production or sensing of IFN- plays in T cell homing to the genital tract or T cell-mediated protection against C. trachomatis. Using two-photon microscopy and flow cytometry, we found that naive wild-type (WT), IFN-^–/–, and IFN-R^–/– NR1 T cells specifically home to sections in the genital tract that contain C. trachomatis. We also determined that protection against infection requires production of IFN- from either NR1 T cells or endogenous cells, further highlighting the importance of IFN- in clearing C. trachomatis infection.

IMPORTANCE Chlamydia trachomatis is an important mucosal pathogen that is the leading cause of sexually transmitted bacterial infections in the United States. Despite this, there is no vaccine currently available. In order to develop such a vaccine, it is necessary to understand the components of the immune response that can lead to protection against this pathogen. It is well known that antigen-specific CD4⁺ T cells are critical for Chlamydia clearance, but the contexts in which they are protective or not protective are unknown. Here, we aimed to characterize the importance of gamma interferon production and sensing by T cells and the effects on the immune response to C. trachomatis. Our work here helps to define the contexts in which antigen-specific T cells can be protective, which is critical to our ability to design an effective and protective vaccine against C. trachomatis.

The lignin biosynthetic pathway is highly conserved in angiosperms, yet pathway manipulations give rise to a variety of taxon-specific outcomes. Knockout of lignin-associated 4-coumarate:CoA ligases (4CLs) in herbaceous species mainly reduces guaiacyl (G) lignin and enhances cell wall saccharification. Here we show that CRISPR-knockout of 4CL1 in poplar (Populus tremula x alba) preferentially reduced syringyl (S) lignin, with negligible effects on biomass recalcitrance. Concordant with reduced S-lignin was downregulation of ferulate 5-hydroxylases (F5Hs). Lignification was largely sustained by 4CL5, a low-affinity paralog of 4CL1 typically with only minor xylem expression or activity. Levels of caffeate, the preferred substrate of 4CL5, increased in line with significant upregulation of caffeoyl shikimate esterase1. Upregulation of caffeoyl-CoA O-methyltransferase1 and downregulation of F5Hs are consistent with preferential funneling of 4CL5 products toward G-lignin biosynthesis at the expense of S-lignin. Thus, transcriptional and metabolic adaptations to 4CL1-knockout appear to have enabled 4CL5 catalysis at a level sufficient to sustain lignification. Finally, genes involved in sulfur assimilation, the glutathione-ascorbate cycle, and various antioxidant systems were upregulated in the mutants, suggesting cascading responses to perturbed thioesterification in lignin biosynthesis.

Key Points

Key Points

Shih-Jung Hsu and Bo Cheng

In the presence of wind or background image motion, flies are able to maintain a constant retinal slip velocity via regulating flight speed to the extent permitted by their locomotor capacity. Here we investigated the retinal slip compensation of tethered blue-bottle flies (Calliphora vomitoria) flying semi-freely along an annular corridor in a magnetically levitated flight mill enclosed by two motorized cylindrical walls. We perturbed the flies’ retinal slip via spinning the cylindrical walls, generating bilaterally averaged retinal slip perturbations from -0.3 to 0.3 m·s^–1 (or -116.4 to 116.4 deg.·s^–1) When the perturbation was less than ~0.1 m·s^–1 (38.4 deg.·s^–1), the flies successfully compensated the perturbations and maintained a retinal slip velocity by adjusting their airspeed up to 20%. However, with greater retinal slip perturbation, the flies’ compensation became saturated, as the flies’ airspeed plateaued, indicating that they were unable to further maintain a constant retinal slip velocity. The compensation gain, i.e., the ratio of airspeed compensation and retinal slip perturbation, depended on the spatial frequency of the grating patterns, being the largest at 12 m^–1 (0.04 deg.^–1).