Whether you are a small business owner, a consumer, or the CEO of a big corporation, you likely know that small companies are a pretty big part of the economy. This year, show your support for small enterprises by participating in Small Business Saturday® (SBS).

My accounting and payroll software company, Patriot Software, is an advocate of Small Business Saturday. And personally, I am a major supporter of small businesses. I know how much time, dedication, money, and hard work entrepreneurs pour into their small companies.

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Many of us are wondering, for example, how the U.S. economy will impact business. Will hiring finally ease up? How will younger generations change our workforce?

Without a crystal ball, it's tough to answer every question. But, given trends we saw this year, it is possible to make a few educated predictions about what small businesses should prepare for as 2019 approaches. Here are my top four predictions:

2019 is the beginning of the Gen Z takeover.

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The beginning of the year is a great time to make resolutions for your small business. Whether you’re launching a new product or implementing a new technology, you are setting goals and working hard to achieve them. The New Year could also be the perfect time to fix internal issues that are holding you back from success. Below is a list of common business hurdles that arise in small business and how you can overcome them.

Hurdle #1: Trying to do everything yourself

There are a lot of tedious tasks involved in keeping a small business running smoothly – like running payroll, approving time off requests, and so on.

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Like departments and agencies throughout government, the Air Force is tuning its acquisition methods to get closer the speed of technology, and will be holding its first live pitch day in March, with an available funding pool of $40 million.

The Air Forces Small Business Innovation Research program has issued a call to start-ups and small businesses—those with fewer than 500 employees—to offer pitches on innovative technologies for secure communications, down-range battlefield operations and digital technologies.

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A new report is saying that almost half of people recently hired (41%) used an online job board to find work and 61% flagged automatic job alerts as helpful. What is more, a full 14% found their present job using social media. The findings from How Do People Find Jobs? published by the B2B research firm, Clutch, highlights how today’s candidates are connecting with small businesses and vice versa.

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Many small businesses start out with a single location or product offering and grow over time. Expanding your business is a good way to increase your long-term profitability and reach a wider audience.

But while growing your venture might be something you'd like to do eventually, now might not be the ideal time to dive in. Here are four reasons you might choose not to grow your business, and instead stick with the status quo.

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Switching careers can feel intimidating, but you have got to make some moves if you’re spinning your wheels at your current job. Tech industry jobs are hot right now, and you can make great money once you’ve got the know-how to compete with other tech candidates. Here’s a breakdown of the fields with the best opportunities.

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Big companies often have big perks. That is especially true in the technology Opens a New Window.  space, where free meals, gyms, and even day care are quite common. Even more traditional large companies that do not offer those kinds of benefits still have things that smaller businesses Opens a New Window. do not -- there are more opportunities for advancement, more training opportunities, and maybe even the option of transferring to another location.

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If you own or are employed by a small business—and are among the approximately 38 million people in the U.S. with no access to a retirement plan at work—you may be interested in a new U.S. Department of Labor (DOL) rule set to take effect Sept. 30, 2019.

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Selling a small business for the maximum value to the right purchasers on the right terms can be a tremendous challenge, even for experienced business owners. Buying and selling an existing company is a complex process, but one that should be demystified. At its most basic level, the process is straightforward, just like the purchase of a single item. The small-business owner sells the object (in this case, their own business) to a potential buyer for an agreed-upon price and mutually acceptable terms. Yet, as always, the devil is in the details -- in this case how the deal is structured.

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1. Focus on the positive
2. Hit the reset button
3. Never give up
4. Network

Digital marketers often identify social media as one of the best forms of content marketing, but it can often feel like we’re just going through the motions. If the social media content isn’t attracting leads, what good is it? It’s likely you just need a quick boost in strategy to make sure your content is appealing to your target audience and getting inbound requests and messages.

In fact, 90 percent of social media users have used the platform to communicate directly with a business before. So if none of your customers or followers are reaching out to you, it’s a telltale sign that something should be changed. Ideally, you’ll post a picture or video with a robust caption that offers value and the floodgates will open: direct messages, likes, comments and queries should start coming (or even just trickling at first) in, proving that your content struck a chord and inspired action. Not there yet? Here are four ways to bolster your strategy to attract those leads.

1. Focus your content on interesting stories
2. Do a poll asking what type of content people want most
3. Host a Q & A on Facebook or Instagram Live
4. Make sure you have a call to action in every post

A business owner who spent nearly $46 million over the years on Facebook ads said he got booted from the platform without warning.

Jordan Nabigon, the CEO of the Ottawa, Ontario, content-curation site Shared, said Facebook deleted his companys main Facebook page without warning in October, and without providing an explanation. He shared a Medium post detailing his experience, which has received more than 400 claps from readers.

Nabigon spent $45,870,181 on Facebook advertising between 2006 and 2020 for Shared and his other company Freebies, according to expense reports reviewed by Business Insider. Shared employees three people full-time and 12 contract writers, Nabigon said.

Facebook increased its use of artificial intelligence to oversee advertising and other content during the COVID-19 pandemic, and Nabigon is among hundreds of business owners who said they suffered from Facebook's crackdown on ad policies.

The Python Challenge is a nifty site that presents you with a series of puzzles that it asks you to solve using python; getting each answer allows you to move on to the next puzzle.

Python is a cool language and it's a good tool for this job¹ However, I'm learning clojure right now, so I thought it would be fun to try and solve a few of them in clojure. Here's my answers for challenges 0 thru 4 (warning: if you want to do these puzzles yourself, reading further now might ruin the fun)

Challenge #0 (the "Warmup")

Asks you to solve 2 to the 38th power:

(clojure.contrib.math/expt 2 38)

i.e. just use the exponent function in clojure contrib.

Challenge #1

This one throws some scrambled text at you and a clue on what the key is (ROT 2):

(defn translate [text]
  (let [lookup (vec (map char (range 97 123)))]
    (letfn [(letter? [c] (and (>= (int c) 97) (<= (int c) 122)))
            (shift-2 [c] (mod (+ 2 (- (int c) 97)) 26))]
      (apply str (map #(if (letter? %) (get lookup (shift-2 %)) %) text)))))

Create a lookup table of the chars, a predicate to test if a char is a letter. & a function to get the index of 2nd to next letter (the index loops, essentially making lookup as a ring buffer), then map across the given text, shifting by 2 if its a letter or just returning the char if its not.

Challenge #2

This one throws a big hunk of random data at you and suggests you pick out the 'rare' characters:

(defn filter-file [path]
  (let [fs (line-seq (clojure.contrib.io/reader path))
        lookup (set (map char (range 97 123)))]
    (apply str (mapcat #(filter lookup %) fs))))

A quick visual scan of the text led me to a strong hunch the "rare"² characters were lowercase alpha, so:

Re-use our lookup table from the last challenge; this time make it a set, then use the set to filter each line of the file denoted by 'path' (I first saved the text to a file to make it easier to work with); use mapcat to flatten the lines out (this has the effect of stripping empty lines altogether); apply str to the resulting sequence to get the answer.

Challenge #3

This one's a big hunk of text too, so a quick refactoring of our last solution results in a more abstract (and higher-order) function that takes a filter function as an additional parameter:

(defn filter-file [filter-fn path]
    (apply str (mapcat filter-fn (line-seq (io/reader path)))))

the filter from challenge #2 thus becomes an argument; partial works nicely here:

(filter-file (partial filter (set (map char (range 97 123)))) "path/to/file")

Now we can make a new filter for challenge #3. This one will need to find character patterns that look like this: ABCxDEF. We'll need grab x. This one just screamed regex at me, so here's a filter that gives us the answer:

#(second (re-find #"[^A-Z][A-Z]{3}([a-z])[A-Z]{3}[^A-Z]" %)))

An anonymous function³ that uses re-find to match: "not-cap followed by 3 CAPS followed by not-cap followed by 3 CAPS followed by not-cap"; the second element of the resulting vector (because we use parens to create a group) produces x; mapcat et al do the rest.

Two big assumptions/limitations here: assumes each target is on its own line, and that the target pattern wasn't on the beginning or end of the line (which was good enough to get the answer).

Challenge #4

This challenge requires one to follow a url call chain, passing a different number as the argument to a 'nothing' parameter each time. The resulting page text provides the next number to follow (and/or some noise to keep you on your toes) until eventually we get the answer.

This one gets kinda ugly.

This is the kind of problem scripting languages are made for (e.g. perl, python & ruby coders would all make short work of this problem). Still, it's possible to write procedural code in clojure, and it's still reasonably straightforward.

One decision I had to make is how to GET the url's - my weapon of choice for this sort of thing is clj-http:

(require '[clj-http.client :as client])
(require '[clojure.contrib.string :as string]

(defn follow-chain [base-url number]
  (let [result (:body (client/get (str base-url number)))
        idx (.indexOf result "and the next")]
    (cond
      (re-find #"^Yes" result) (do
                                 (println result)
                                 (follow-chain base-url (/ (Integer/parseInt number) 2)))
      (= -1 idx)               result
      :else                    (let [result-vec (string/split (subs result idx) #" ")
                                     next-number (last result-vec)]
                                 (println result)
                                 (recur base-url next-number)))))

Take the url as a base & the first number to follow; use client-http/get to grab the page; extract the body of the page; get the index of the phrase "and the next" using the java "indexOf" method - we'll use the index later to parse out the end of the text and get the next number...

...unless of course, we get text that tells us something else (like a message saying "Yes" and then instructing us to divide the last number by two and continue on as before) so...

...we set up a switch using the cond macro: If the result starts with "Yes" make a recursive call dividing the last number by two; if indexOf otherwise came up empty, that's our answer, so return it; else pick the next number out of the result by splitting the end of the string into a vector (using clojure.contrib.string/split) and recur (tail recursively call the function again).

The println's could be removed, although they were essential when figuring out what the code needed to do.

Conclusion

This was a fun exercise; clojure's holding up pretty well so far, though clojure would not be my weapon of choice for that last one; if I choose to do the next five, I'll post them in a future article.

Footnotes

"I am not a good manager."

I say this to people often, and most of them think I am joking because... well, because people don't say things like that about themselves if they're true and also, I have cultivated some skill in building strong teams that accomplish what they are asked to do. [1].

But I am serious when I say that. for three reasons:

1. I really have to work hard to do the organizational parts of a manager's job (the reports, the budgeting, the note taking, the meetings, the scheduling, the selling of initiatives, etc)... and I don't enjoy any of it.
2. I don't do well at optimizing for efficiency.
3. I don't have much use for roles, particularly ones that tend to specialize activities and artificially segment the work needed to solve the problem (and the skill set of those seeking to do so).

Like most programmers, I suck at estimates, I am motivated first by a need to solve interesting problems, and only secondarily at reaping the benefits of doing so, and I have zero desire to "be in charge of others." I also hate process for process sake and generally piss off any project managers foolish enough to work with me (though I am good friends with several).

So, how do I build teams and software? By treating efficiency - and even the primary goal of the team - as a secondary effect, and optimizing instead for... for what?

Well, until recently I had been (in my head, because I didn't feel too comfortable saying this out loud) using the word: "happiness." Of the members of the team, of my boss, my employer, our customers and (importantly, but until recently neglectedly) me. Make all of these folks happy, and everything just works.

Uncomfortable because this is a tough sell to accounting-type folks - and anyone who prepares budgets. "Naive", "Crazy" and "Ridiculous" are what I expect to hear. And the reason I expect to hear it is because it seems really risky - even terrifying - to them when I say anything that implies I'm not thinking about cost and value and ROI, and all those other business terms.

But I am. I'm thinking about them all the time. I just don't agree with them on how to optimize them.

Also, "happiness" is not quite right: some people are quite happy to do nothing, others are only happy when they are padding their egos at the expense of others, and a whole lot of other types of "happiness" that I don't optimize for. No, it's a specific kind of happiness - especially inside the team - that I am trying to maximize. Joy of doing one's best, professionalism, craftsmanship, cultivating flow, the need for slack. All dancing around it. All not quite it...

I recently mentioned here (and on twitter and facebook) that I'm re-reading Zen & the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance by Robert Pirsig. And it's blowing me away. Again. I read it a really long time ago - so long ago, that I had forgotten all of the details and only remembered: "That book really moved me and shaped my thinking."

What's been blowing me away is realizing how much it has done that. And so, I've been expecting for days now to find in it somewhere something that supported my view since Pirsig's focus on Quality and Care (not to mention technology) are very similar to my feelings of "optimize for happiness." But it still hadn't felt quite right yet...

...until, today. And I found it: The Greek word: Aretê (translated as "virtue" or "excellence") is a central part of any course on Greek philosophy and I had several classes in college where it was discussed. I was waiting for it to come up in the book (it doesn't until chapter 29) and when it did, I realized I was getting closer. Then, this quote:

"Aretê implies a respect for the wholeness or oneness of life, and a consequent dislike of specialization. It implies a contempt for efficiency - or rather a much higher idea of efficiency, an efficiency which exists not in one department of life but in life itself." ~ Pirsig, Robert M. (2009-04-10). Zen and the Art of Motorcycle Maintenance (p. 360). Harper Collins, Inc.. Kindle Edition.

And like a key fitting a lock, there it was: I believe that teams (organizations!) should be optimized for Aretê; that teams should be staffed with those who - like Hector the tragic hero of ancient Troy - seek excellence (in their work and in achieving the team's goals) for it's own sake and are not happy unless they are free to pursue it; and finally that the team's success (which will still be a function of external perception of value) will be a natural outgrowth of this process and any attempts to shortcut it (e.g. in the name of efficiency) will actually serve to reduce the team's effectiveness.

With this compass in hand, I can see now that what at times appeared to be random objections to process changes and my novel (some would say crazy) alternatives and experiments over the years have really been about trying to keep everyone focused on maximizing the ability to pursue excellence.

So, now I'm saying it: If you want to build great teams who reliably ship results: Don't optimize for efficiency, optimize for the pursuit of Aretê.

[1] Those who've worked with me on those teams can attest, I've done so by getting the team building part - and my role in it - wrong a lot, but learning from it.

(EMAILWIRE.COM, October 25, 2024 ) The global physical security market size is projected to grow from USD 110.2 billion in 2023 to USD 136.9 billion by 2028 at a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 4.4% during the forecast period. The growth in the use of IP-based cameras for video surveillance...

(EMAILWIRE.COM, October 28, 2024 ) The global IoT security market size is projected to grow from USD 24.2 billion in 2024 to USD 56.2 billion by 2029 at a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 18.4% during the forecast period. Organizations face significant financial losses and reputational damage...

(EMAILWIRE.COM, October 28, 2024 ) The Application Modernization Services Market is estimated at USD 19.82 billion in 2024 to USD 39.62 billion by 2029 at a Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of 14.8%, according to new research report by MarketsandMarkets™ Browse in-depth TOC on “Application...

(EMAILWIRE.COM, October 28, 2024 ) This report analyzes the rocket and missile market from 2020 to 2029. It discusses various industry and technology trends currently prevailing in the rocket and missile market and the factors that drive, restrain, and challenge market growth globally. The rocket...

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(EMAILWIRE.COM, October 29, 2024 ) The European Smart Home Market was USD 22.11 billion in 2024 and is expected to reach up to USD 29.24 billion by 2029 growing at a CAGR of 5.7 %. Owing to high internet usage and common accessibility to smartphones, the consumers have been easily able to connect...

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New Delhi: Prime Minister Narendra Modi has urged farmers to significantly cut their use of urea to boost income and soil health, and said his government was constantly striving to prop up rural India with steps such as the ₹1 lakh crore agriculture infrastructure fund, for which he launched the financing facility on Sunday. Modi also released ₹17,000 crore to the bank accounts of 85 ...

Disclaimer. 1 The average fleet age is based on our own calculations and may differ from other figures. Only supported aircraft types that are active with this airline are included in the calculations. Please refer to the current fleet list to see each aircraft's individual age. 2 Future records only include new-built aircraft close to delivery and expected second-hand deliveries.

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